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Mera dispersii
[fizika kosmosa]

DM - velichina, opredelyayushaya zapazdyvanie impul'sov izlucheniya na nizkih chastotah (dlinnyh volnah) po sravneniyu s vysokimi chastotami. DM ravna polnomu chislu elektronov na luche zreniya (ot ob'ekta do nablyudatelya) v stolbike secheniem 1 sm 2 : , gde N e - koncentraciya elektronov (kolichestvo ih v ed. ob'ema sredy), dl - element dliny vdol' lucha zreniya, - sr.

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>> Mera dispersii (N. G. Bochkarev, "Fizika Kosmosa", 1986, 29.03.2003 18:22, 2.9 KBait, otvetov: 13) DM - velichina, opredelyayushaya zapazdyvanie impul'sov izlucheniya na nizkih chastotah (dlinnyh volnah) po sravneniyu s vysokimi chastotami. DM ravna polnomu chislu elektronov na luche zreniya (ot ob'ekta do nablyudatelya) v stolbike secheniem 1 sm²:
$DM=\int\limits_0^L\; N_e\;dl=\bar{N_e} L$ ,
gde N_e - koncentraciya elektronov (kolichestvo ih v ed. ob'ema sredy), dl - element dliny vdol' lucha zreniya, $\bar{N_e}$ - sr. znachenie N_e, L - rasstoyanie do oblasti generacii izlucheniya. Obychno L izmeryayut v parsekah, a N_e v sm^-3, tak chto ed. DM sluzhit pk/sm³. Edinstvennym tipom astrofizich. ob'ektov, dlya k-ryh zapazdyvanie impul'sov poddaetsya izmereniyam, yavl. pul'sary.
Zaderzhka radioizlucheniya voznikaet iz-za togo, chto pokazatel' prelomleniya plazmy dlya el.-magn. voln zavisit ot $\lambda$ (sm. Dispersiya voln). Dlinnye volny rasprostranyayutsya medlennee korotkih. Poetomu signal, ispushennyi odnovremenno na raznyh $\lambda$ , prihodit k nablyudatelyu na dlinnyh volnah pozzhe, chem na korotkih. Velichina zapazdyvaniya:
$\Delta t_{1,2}={e^2(\lambda_1^2-\lambda_2^2)\over{2\pi mc^3}}\;DM\approx 4,6 (\lambda_1^2-\lambda_2^2)\cdot DM$ [mks] ,
gde $\lambda$ vyrazhena v sm. Obychno dlya pul'sarov 10 pk/sm² $\le DM \le$ 500 pk/sm³. T.k. nablyudeniya vsegda vedutsya v nek-roi polose dlin voln $\Delta\lambda$ , nalichie zapazdyvaniya meshaet izucheniyu tonkoi vremennoi struktury impul'sov pul'sarov i privodit k tomu, chto na ochen' nizkih chastotah prinimaemoe izluchenie pul'sarov perestaet byt' pul'siruyushim.
Osn. chast' DM nabiraetsya v mezhzvezdnom gaze. Poetomu izmerenie M. d. dast vozmozhnost' izuchat' raspredelenie elektronov v mezhzvezdnom gaze Galaktiki.
(N.G. Bochkarev)

Re: Mera dispersii (A. M. Chepik, 17.11.2012 9:34, 197 Bait, otvetov: 2) Formula zaderzhki vremeni otlichnaya, no tol'ko dlya malyh rasstoyanii. Neobhodima formula zaderzhki vremeni dlya mezhgalakticheskih rasstoyanii z>1 dlya raznyh modelei Vselennoi, v tom chisle Statichnoi.

Re[2]: Mera dispersii (I. A. Gryzulev, 17.11.2012 17:51, 46 Bait, otvetov: 1)
Nu i zavernuli Vy zdes', o chem rech' to?

Re[3]: Mera dispersii (I. A. Gryzulev, 17.11.2012 18:02, 31 Bait) Parsek, velechina iz fil'ma! out

Re: Mera dispersii (S. I. Kukrin, 2.03.2013 15:00, 282 Bait) interesno
Re: Mera dispersii (O. F. Sazonov, 10.11.2022 14:35, 177 Bait) Mne kazhetsya, chto v stat'e dopushena opechatka: "Obychno dlya pul'sarov 10 pk/sm2$\le DM \le$500 pk/sm3." Obratite vnimanie na stepeni intervala - v pervom sluchae kvadrat, a vo kub.
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