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Re: Zagadochnye kol'ca sverhnovoi 1987A
29.02.2012 19:01 | A.P. Vasi
http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1176534/node4.html
3. Asimmetriya vzryva
Poskol'ku sfericheski-simmetrichnye model'nye raschety kollapsiruyushih predsverhnovyh do sih por ne priveli k uspeshnym vzryvam, neobhodimo iskat' nesimmetrichnye mehanizmy. Eti mehanizmy mogut rabotat' i v GRB. Esli oni dayut puchok izlucheniya v telesnyi ugol , to trebovaniya k energetike GRB snizhayutsya v raz. Est' mnogo nablyudatel'nyh ukazanii na to, chto vzryvy sverhnovyh nesimmetrichny. 1) Izluchenie kollapsiruyushih sverhnovyh v znachitel'noi mere polyarizovano, prichem stepen' polyarizacii narastaet pri umen'shenii massy vodorodnoi obolochki, dostigaya maksimuma dlya SN Ib/c, lishennyh vodoroda. Yarkii primer- rekordnaya polyarizaciya SN1997X tipa Ic (takie sverhnovye lisheny ne tol'ko vodorodnoi, no i gelievoi obolochki, a eto oznachaet, chto massa vybrosa dolzhna byt' osobenno mala i nesimmetriya vzryva dolzhna sil'nee vsego proyavlyat'sya v takih ob'ektah). 2) Posle vzryva kollapsiruyushei sverhnovoi vo mnogih sluchayah (esli ne vo vseh) dolzhna sformirovat'sya neitronnaya zvezda (izvestnye primery- eto pul'sary v Krabovidnoi tumannosti i v ostatke Vela). Mnogie radiopul'sary nablyudayutsya so skorostyami do 1000 km/s. Bol'shoi impul's, sootvetstvuyushii etoi skorosti, vozmozhno, svyazan s asimmetriei vzryva. 3) Nablyudeniya SN1987A pokazali, chtoa) radioaktivnyi material byl vynesen v naruzhnye sloi ochen' bystro v hode vzryva. Dlya ob'yasneniya krivyh bleska SN1987A takzhe trebuetsya znachitel'noe peremeshivanie Ni;
b) infrakrasnye linii kisloroda, zheleza, nikelya i vodoroda imeyut znachitel'nuyu asimmetriyu profilei;
v) svet byl polyarizovan;
g) poslednie foto kosmicheskogo teleskopa Habbla demonstriruyut yavnuyu asimmetriyu vybrosa, a rentgenovskaya observatoriya Chandra vidit strui. 4) Vblizi molodogo ostatka sverhnovoi g. Kassiopeya A (CasA) est' bystro dvizhushiesya sgustki veshestva, bogatogo kislorodom za granicei osnovnoi obolochki ostatka, a takzhe, vozmozhno, dve strui, napravlennye v protivopolozhnye storony. Trehmernye izobrazheniya ostatka Cas A pokazyvayut, chto klochkovatoe raspredelenie kal'ciya, sery i kisloroda nesimmetrichno v napravlenii nablyudatelya. Ne vidno prostyh sfericheskih obolochek. Etot ostatok i drugie imeyut sistematicheskuyu skorost' otnositel'no lokal'noi mezhzvezdnoi sredy do 900 km/s. Vse eti asimmetrii dolzhny byt' svyazany s asimmetrichnym istecheniem predsverhnovyh Ib/c, privodyashih k vzryvam tipa Cas A, t.e. zvezd tipa Vol'f-Raie. Poslednie rentgenovskie nablyudeniya Cas A na sputnike Chandra pokazyvayut, chto sgustki vybrosa, bogatye zhelezom, nahodyatsya v bolee naruzhnyh sloyah, chem sloi s kremniem. 5) Rentgenovskie nablyudeniya ROSAT obnaruzhili sgustki ("puli") vne osnovnoi obolochki ostatka Vela, a svyazannye s nimi radioizluchayushie udarnye volny govoryat o bol'shoi skorosti vybrosa etih sgustkov pri vzryve sverhnovoi.
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- Re: Zagadochnye kol'ca sverhnovoi 1987A (V.N. Sergeev, 27.02.2012 0:04, 759 Bait)
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