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Re: Svet i prostranstvo i o skorosti sveta.
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6.03.20122:40 |
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Ciklichnost' galaktik.
Chem galaktiki otlichayutsya drug ot druga.
Kak proishodit-
formirovanie
vstrecha s drugimi
galaktikami
nabor
kriticheskoi massy
samo-nagrev
razbros
formirovanie
i t.d.
Esli posmotret' na fotografii - to oni sobstvenno
osobo drug ot druga ne ochen'
otlichayutsya,
no na samom dele otlichii dostatochno chtoby
zametit' ciklichnost' v zhizni galaktik.
Chto opredelyaet dvizhenie v galaktike, dvizhenie v
galaktike
opredelyaet srednyaya temperatura prostranstva
v galaktike, i nekotorye nyuansy po plotnosti materii
v galaktike.
Efir kak vozduh v turbine pylesosa nahodyas'
v galaktike
s raznoi plotnost'yu pri vozdeistvii na nego
centrobezhnogo vozdeistviya priobretaet raznuyu plotnost'.
V centre galaktiki ego plotnost' men'she, a
po krayam bol'she.
No est' odno bol'shoe no - chto sobstvenno proishodit v zhizni
galaktiki - ona mozhet byt' v shesti temperaturnyh sostoyaniyah,
1 ustoichivo
holodnaya,
2 nagrevayushayasya,
3 sbalansirovannaya,
4 peregrevayushayasya,
5 ustoichivo goryachaya
6 ostyvayushaya
Vot na odinakovom rasstoyanii naprimer
nablyudaem
raznye galaktiki po svoei forme.
Na samom dele otpravnoi tochkoi v galaktike
yavlyaetsya
1 plotnost' efira,
2 kolichestvo materii,
i
3 kolichestvo energii v etoi galaktike.
Vot voz'mem naprimer est' galaktika, mimo
nee proletaet drugaya galaktika,
u nih proishodit snizhenie plotnosti
efira mezhdu centrami galaktik,
i mezhdu vysokimi i nizkimi
plotnostyami efira v rukavah, esli takie est'.
Estestvenno proletaya skvoz' drug druga
v galaktikah dazhe ne bylo sluchaya chtoby
dve zvezdy stolknulis' mezhdu soboi,
no eto ne znachit chto ne proishodit
sliyaniya zvezdnyh mass galaktik.
Oni
slivayutsya specificheskim vzaimodeistviem.
Po prichine togo chto plotnost' zvezdy efira,
vnutri zvezd sbalansirovana s vneshnei plotnost'yu
efira v prostranstve,
to pri priblizhenii
centrov galaktik, ili drugih chastei galaktik
s nizkimi plotnostyami efira,
proishodit lopan'e vneshnih obolochek zvezd,
pri lopan'i
obolochek proishodit sbros
materii ot desyati do pyatidesyati procentov,
massy zvezdy.
Posle sbrosa, proishodit bol'shoi
vybros efira iz zvezd, na rukavah
i
v galaktikah etot process viden v vide
rozovyh lopayushihsya zvezdnyh bul'bashek.
Pri bol'shom skoplenii sosednih zvezd,
poluchaetsya udarnaya volna
kotoraya na krayah
processa budet sbivat' davleniem
vneshnyuyu obolochku so zvezd, chto budet
privodit' v vzryvam v stile "Obval karkasa - super nova",
po prichine togo chto kogda vneshnyuyu
obolochku sduet, a zvezda efira ostanetsya na meste,
obolochka potom padaet vo vnutr',
i padenie proishodit s takoi siloi
chto
zarozhdaetsya zvezda efira i srazu efir vosstanavlivaetsya
po prichine bol'shogo kolichestva energii,
v svyazi s chem proishodit bol'shoi vzryv
analogichnyi
Krabovidnoi tumannosti, posle
vzryva v centre ostalas' tol'ko isparyayushayasya
zvezda efira, vosstanovlenie kotoroi postoyanno
podderzhivaet usloviya dlya razleta
materii
ot zvezdy s kotoroi byla rezko zduta obolochka.
Do teh por poka ves' efir ne vosstanovitsya i zvezda
efira ne ischeznet, budet prodolzhat'sya razbros
materii, posle chego materiya ostanovitsya, tak kak
materiyu na stol'ko daleko razbrosalo,
to eta materiya nikogda v zvezdu ne soberetsya, ona
budet uvlechena
drugimi zvezdami.
Tak vot chto sobstvenno imeem, po razmeru zvezdy
mezhdu soboi ne sil'no otlichayutsya,
s moei tochki zreniya ne bolee chem plyus minus
v desyat' raz po sravneniyu s Solncem.
Zvezdy odinakovogo razmera pri nizkom
davlenii efira zvezdy svetyat slabo, pri bol'shom
svetyat sil'no. Pri narushenii
balansa,
zvezda lopaetsya pri snizhenii,
uvelichivaet yarkost' pri plavnom uvelichenii
plotnosti, i teryaet vneshnyuyu obolochku pri
vneshnei udarnoi volne.
A kak eto vliyaet na formu samoi galaktiki?, -
Mozhno vernutsya v nachalo i posmotret' chto u galaktik
v ciklichnosti mozhno vydelit' - molodost',
molodost'
mozhno opredelit' kak ustoichivo
holodnoe sostoyanie, v etom sostoyanii ravnomernoe
raspredelenie zvezd.
Galaktiki razmytye.
Vstrecha s drugimi galaktikami
ili samouplotnenie
galaktiki, pri etom proishodit plavnoe uvelichenie
srednei temperatury vnutri galaktiki, s estestvennym
umen'sheniem kolichestva efira v
galaktike.
Galaktiki s sinimi rukavami.
Tak kak process vzaimnogo sblizheniya zvezd v galaktike
uvelichivaetsya, poyavlyaetsya sleduyushee sostoyanie galaktiki
- sbalansirovannaya, ili galaktika nabravshaya
kriticheskuyu massu - na fotografiyah u
etih galaktik sootnoshenie sinih zvezd i
rozovyh lopayushihsya v rukavah
- primerno
odinakovoe.
Sleduyushaya situaciya kogda galaktika v sostoyanii
samo-nagreva, i yavlyaetsya peregrevayusheisya, po prichine togo
chto posle vybrosa
efira iz zvezd i sbrosa zvezdami
bol'shogo kolichestva massy, eta massa v kosmose
nachinaet nagrevat'sya, ne davaya uiti
izlucheniyu zvezd iz galaktiki,
chto
privodit k rezkomu povysheniyu davleniya
efira vnutri vsei galaktiki.
Vneshne eto zheltovatogo cveta galaktiki,
ili galaktiki okruzhennye kol'com
gryaznyh
vybrosov meshayushih ih
nablyudat'.
Galaktika perehodit v sleduyushee sostoyanie -
ustoichivo goryachaya, i v rezul'tate bol'shogo
davleniya efira proishodit
razbros
vsego sto est' vnutri galaktiki, efira,
materii zvezd, i uskorennoe vosstanovlenie
efira so zvezd efira delaet etot
process grandioznym po
masshtabu, chto
mozhet tak razbrosat' zvezdy daleko,
chto oni uzhe v etoi galaktike ne soberutsya,
a prisoedinyatsya k drugoi.
Estestvenno posle razbrosa
zvezd
na bol'shoe rasstoyanie proishodit ih ostyvanie,
i zvezdy perehodyat v dostatochno ustoichivoe
holodnoe sostoyanie, posle chego,
razletevshayasya materiya
obratno padaet
na zvezdy i oni nabirayut moshnosti svecheniya,
i sblizhayutsya drug s drugom, i tak
process prodolzhaetsya.
Ya special'no ne ukazyval na
zvezdnye
fotografii - po toi prichine chtoby
kazhdyi zhelayushii imel vozmozhnost'
vybrat' to chto emu nravitsya dlya kazhdogo
sluchaya.
http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1254896
Centr galaktiki Centavr A
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http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1255454
Velichestvennaya spiral'naya galaktika NGC 1232
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http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1255185
NGC 253: galaktika Skul'ptor
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http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1255500
Licom k NGC 6946
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http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0615a/
http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0905a/
http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0910i/
http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/opo0501a/
http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0506a/
Eshe
odna fotografiya, tol'ko u menya somneniya
chto eto galaktika, skorei vsego zvezda tipa SS 433
http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/1992/27/image/b/format/large_web/
http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic1104a/
http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/archive/category/galax/
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| A rose made of galaxies |
Stellar Nursery in the arms of NGC 1672 |
Colliding galaxies make love, not war |
Magnetic monster NGC 1275 |
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| Flocculent spiral NGC 2841 |
ACS Image of NGC 5866 |
Hubble Mosaic of the Majestic Sombrero Galaxy |
The magnificent starburst galaxy Messier 82 |
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| A Poster-Size Image of the Beautiful Barred Spiral Galaxy NGC 1300 |
Galactic wreckage in Stephan's Quintet |
Barred Spiral Galaxy NGC 6217 |
Dramatically backlit dust lanes in NGC 7049 |
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| Holiday Wishes from the Hubble Space Telescope |
Largest ever galaxy portrait - stunning HD image of Pinwheel Galaxy |
Out of this whirl: The Whirlpool Galaxy (M51) and companion galaxy |
A 'wallpaper' of distant galaxies is a stunning backdrop for a runaway galaxy |
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| Hubble's newest camera takes a deep look at two merging galaxies |
Edge-On View of NGC 4013 |
A Grazing Encounter Between two Spiral Galaxies |
Galaxy Playing Twister |
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| Hubble views NGC 4522 |
Hubble snaps heavyweight of the Leo Triplet |
Spiral Key to Universe's Expansion |
Stellar fireworks are ablaze in galaxy NGC 4449 |
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| Hubble Identifies Source of Ultraviolet Light in an Old Nebula |
Hubble views NGC 4402 |
The gargantuan galaxy NGC 1132 |
Spectacular Hubble view of Centaurus A |
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| Doing Cartwheels to Celebrate the End of an Era |
Unusual Spiral NGC 4921 in the Coma Galaxy Cluster |
Sunny Side Up |
Barred Spiral Bares All |
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| Smoke Without Fire: a Different View of the Cigar Galaxy |
A star formation laboratory |
The Belly of the Cosmic Whale |
Perfect Spiral Overlaid with Milky Way Gems |
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| Hubble image of NGC 1073 |
Hubble Captures a Lucky Galaxy Alignment |
Star cluster surrounds wayward black hole in cannibal galaxy ESO 243-49 (unlabelled) |
The Calm after the Galactic Storm |
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| Stars in the Andromeda Galaxys disc |
Star cluster surrounds wayward black hole in cannibal galaxy ESO 243-49 (labelled) |
Antlia Dwarf Galaxy Peppers the Sky with Stars |
HST PHAT detail of M31 |
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| Centre of M31 |
Hubble zooms in on double nucleus in Andromeda Galaxy |
Hubble observes blue stars in Andromeda's core |
HST PHAT wide image of M31 |
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| Ground-based image of Andromeda Galaxy, M31 |
Ground-based image of Andromeda Galaxy, M31 |
Faint Galaxy with Popping Pink Features |
A Snapshot of Galactic Evolution |
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