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Re[3]: AstroEnglish: 2. Cushestvitel'nye v kachestve opredelenii
10.02.2013 22:27 | A. S. S.
Citata: |
Great! |
Thanks! :)
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- AstroEnglish: 2. Cushestvitel'nye v kachestve opredelenii
(Natal'ya Orlova/Astronet,
6.02.2013 19:37, 5.7 KBait, otvetov: 8)
Pravdin. Dver', naprimer, kakoe imya:
sushestvitel'noe ili prilagatel'noe?
Mitrofan. Dver'? Kotora dver'?
Pravdin. Kotora dver'! Vot eta.
Mitrofan. Eta? Prilagatel'na.
Pravdin. Pochemu zh?
Mitrofan. Potomu chto ona prilozhena
k svoemu mestu. Von u chulana shesta
nedelya dver' stoit eshe ne naveshena:
tak ta pokamest sushestvitel'na.(D.I.Fonvizin, "Nedorosl'")
Dialog uchitelya s Mitrofanushkoi my privykli vosprinimat' kak kur'eznyi primer togo, k chemu privodyat bezgramotnost' i nezhelanie uchit'sya. A ved' ne bud' Mitrofan prirozhdennym lentyaem, iz nego mog by poluchit'sya nezauryadnyi lingvist!
Deistvitel'no, kak tonko on podmetil, chto ot mestopolozheniya dveri zavisit, budet li ona imenem prilagatel'nym (igrayushim rol' opredeleniya v predlozhenii) ili sushestvitel'nym.
Posmotrim na ryad primerov:
1) celyi ryad razlichnyh modelei lunnogo posadochnogo modulya – a variety of different lunar lander concepts Rech' zdes' idet o raznyh modelyah, osnovnoe slovo modeli perevedeno kak concepts (eto otrazhaet, chto idei, lezhashie v osnove postroeniya raznyh modelei, tozhe byli raznye). Slova lunnogo posadochnogo modulya (lunar lander), OPREDELYaYuShIE slovo modelei, pri perevode peremeshayutsya i "prikladyvayutsya k modelyam" speredi (lunar lander concepts). Osnovnaya ideya takaya: esli za glavnym sushestvitel'nym (modelei) vy vidite odno ili neskol'ko slov s eshe odnim (po krainei mere) sushestvitel'nym v kosvennom padezhe (modulya), kotorye vmeste otvechayut na vopros tipa Kakoi? Kakie? (Kakie modeli? – Lunnogo posadochnogo modulya), mozhno podumat' o tom, kak "povesit' ih na petli", chtoby oni "otkryvali" dorogu osnovnomu smyslu.
Eshe primery:
2) konvektivnyi perenos energii – the convective energy transfer 3) svetimost' v myagkom rentgenovskom diapazone – soft X-ray luminosity Slovo diapazon my zdes' opustili, potomu chto i bez nego vse yasno (i slishkom mnogo slov-opredelenii vosprinimaetsya tyazhelo).
4) otnoshenie signala k shumu – signal-to-noise ratio 5) vspyshki gamma-izlucheniya – gamma-ray bursts 6) gamma-izluchenie vysokih energii – high-energy gamma-ray radiation Ochen' chasto kompleks slov-opredelenii soedinyayutsya defisami ("petlyami"), chtoby srazu bylo vidno, k chemu oni otnosyatsya.
7) atmosfera, bogataya azotom – nitrogen-rich atmosphere 8) led s bol'shim soderzhaniem metana i etana – methane-and-ethane-rich ice 9) puteshestvie so skorost'yu, bol'shei skorosti sveta – faster-than-light travel 10) miry, pohozhie na planetu Yupiter – Jupiter-like worlds Mogut vstrechat'sya i takie opredeleniya, vklyuchayushie v svoi sostav chislitel'nye:
11) ekspediciya prodolzhitel'nost'yu v 5 mesyacev – five-month mission 12) astronavt, tri raza pobyvavshii v kosmose – the three-time spaceflyer 13) veroyatnost' stolknoveniya s nashei planetoi ravna 1/500 – a 1-in-500 chance of impact with our planet 14) asteroid razmerom s 2 futbol'nyh polya – two-football-field-sized asteroid 15) chernaya dyra s vozrastom 1200 let – a 1,200-year-old black hole Otsyuda poluchaem 1-e pravilo perevodchika:
Pravilo 1. Poryadok slov ne dogma, a predmet dlya razmyshleniya.
A teper' –
Domashnee zadanie: Perevedem frazy na angliiskii yazyk:
1) variacii plotnosti krupnomasshtabnoi struktury rannei Vselennoi
2) komanda ekspedicii, vklyuchayushaya v sostav shest' chelovek
3) Sistema α Kentavra, sostoyashaya iz treh zvezdPerevod frazy iz domashnego zadaniya v predydushem zanyatii:
Bol'shoi razbros otnoshenii soderzhanii himicheskih elementov v spektre Fomal'gauta – Large spread of elemental abundance ratios in Fomalhaut's spectrum
(Primechanie. Eto odin iz variantov, a ne istina v poslednei instancii).Anons: V sleduyushii raz prodolzhim razgovor o poryadke slov v angliiskom predlozhenii i poprobuem vyyasnit', chem on otlichaetsya ot svobodnogo poryadka slov russkogo predlozheniya.
- Re: AstroEnglish: 2. Cushestvitel'nye v kachestve opredelenii
(A. S. S.,
8.02.2013 23:35, 278 Bait, otvetov: 5)
1) Density fluctuations of the early Universe's big-scaled structure.
2) A six-people-sized mission crew (or better "a six-man mission crew").
3) α Centauri, a three-star stellar system (or perhaps better "α Centauri, a triple system").
- Re[2]: AstroEnglish: 2. Cushestvitel'nye v kachestve opredelenii (Natal'ya Orlova, 10.02.2013 13:26, 6 Bait, otvetov: 2)
- Re[3]: AstroEnglish: 2. Cushestvitel'nye v kachestve opredelenii (Natal'ya Orlova, 10.02.2013 13:27, 6 Bait)
- Re[3]: AstroEnglish: 2. Cushestvitel'nye v kachestve opredelenii
(Natal'ya Orlova,
10.02.2013 14:03, 220 Bait)
A six-people-sized crewsounds a bit unnatural - as if six people are stacked like blocks!A six-man mission crew is OK!
- Re[2]: AstroEnglish: 2. Cushestvitel'nye v kachestve opredelenii (Natal'ya Orlova, 10.02.2013 13:31, 172 Bait, otvetov: 1) Great! "Large-scale structure", perhaps, is more common than "big-scaled"
- >> Re[3]: AstroEnglish: 2. Cushestvitel'nye v kachestve opredelenii
(A. S. S.,
10.02.2013 22:27, 224 Bait)
Citata: Great!
Thanks! :)
- Re: AstroEnglish: 2. Cushestvitel'nye v kachestve opredelenii (V.N. Sergeev, 10.02.2013 15:37, 403 Bait, otvetov: 1) Signore e Signori! Perche? Perche, per quale ragione? Perche,a che scopo?
- Re[2]: AstroEnglish: 2. Cushestvitel'nye v kachestve opredelenii
(Natal'ya Orlova,
11.02.2013 15:04, 710 Bait)
Citata: Signore e Signori! Perche? Perche, per quale ragione? Perche,a che scopo?