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Chernaya dyra

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[Novoe soobshenie] Forumy >> Obsuzhdenie publikacii Astroneta
Avtor Soobshenie
I. D. Novikov,  "Fizika Kosmosa", 1986
Chernaya dyra 26.03.2003 20:16

1. Vvedenie 2. Pole tyagoteniya nevrashayusheisya chernoi dyry 3. Pole tyagoteniya vrashayusheisya chernoi dyry 4. Fizicheskie processy v pole tyagoteniya chernoi dyry 1. Vvedenie Chernaya dyra - oblast' prostranstva, v k-roi pole tyagoteniya nastol'ko sil'no, chto vtoraya kosmich. skorost' (parabolicheskaya skorost') dlya nahodyashihsya v etoi oblasti tel dolzhna byla by prevyshat' skorost' sveta, t.e.
>> Prochitat' stat'yu
Naverh
[Citirovat'][Otvetit'][Novoe soobshenie]
A.P. Vasi
Re: Chernaya dyra 31.03.2013 19:52

I moi variant

---------------------
Re: Svet i prostranstvo i o skorosti sveta. 10.01.20120:44

Ciklichnost' galaktik.

Chem galaktiki otlichayutsya drug ot druga.

Kak proishodit-

formirovanie
vstrecha s drugimi galaktikami
nabor kriticheskoi massy
samo-nagrev
razbros
formirovanie
i t.d.

Esli posmotret' na fotografii - to oni sobstvenno
osobo drug ot druga ne ochen' otlichayutsya,
no na samom dele otlichii dostatochno chtoby
zametit' ciklichnost' v zhizni galaktik.

Chto opredelyaet dvizhenie v galaktike, dvizhenie v
galaktike opredelyaet srednyaya temperatura prostranstva
v galaktike, i nekotorye nyuansy po plotnosti materii
v galaktike.
Efir kak vozduh v turbine pylesosa nahodyas' v galaktike
s raznoi plotnost'yu pri vozdeistvii na nego
centrobezhnogo vozdeistviya priobretaet raznuyu plotnost'.
V centre galaktiki ego plotnost' men'she, a po krayam bol'she.

No est' odno bol'shoe no - chto sobstvenno proishodit v zhizni
galaktiki - ona mozhet byt' v shesti temperaturnyh sostoyaniyah,
1 ustoichivo holodnaya,
2 nagrevayushayasya,
3 sbalansirovannaya,
4 peregrevayushayasya,
5 ustoichivo goryachaya
6 ostyvayushaya

Vot na odinakovom rasstoyanii naprimer nablyudaem
raznye galaktiki po svoei forme.
Na samom dele otpravnoi tochkoi v galaktike
yavlyaetsya

1 plotnost' efira,
2 kolichestvo materii, i
3 kolichestvo energii v etoi galaktike.

Vot voz'mem naprimer est' galaktika, mimo
nee proletaet drugaya galaktika,
u nih proishodit snizhenie plotnosti
efira mezhdu centrami galaktik,
i mezhdu vysokimi i nizkimi
plotnostyami efira v rukavah, esli takie est'.

Estestvenno proletaya skvoz' drug druga
v galaktikah dazhe ne bylo sluchaya chtoby
dve zvezdy stolknulis' mezhdu soboi,
no eto ne znachit chto ne proishodit
sliyaniya zvezdnyh mass galaktik.
Oni slivayutsya specificheskim vzaimodeistviem.

Po prichine togo chto plotnost' zvezdy efira,
vnutri zvezd sbalansirovana s vneshnei plotnost'yu
efira v prostranstve, to pri priblizhenii
centrov galaktik, ili drugih chastei galaktik
s nizkimi plotnostyami efira,
proishodit lopan'e vneshnih obolochek zvezd,
pri lopan'i obolochek proishodit sbros
materii ot desyati do pyatidesyati procentov,
massy zvezdy.
Posle sbrosa, proishodit bol'shoi
vybros efira iz zvezd, na rukavah i
v galaktikah etot process viden v vide
rozovyh lopayushihsya zvezdnyh bul'bashek.

Pri bol'shom skoplenii sosednih zvezd,
poluchaetsya udarnaya volna kotoraya na krayah
processa budet sbivat' davleniem
vneshnyuyu obolochku so zvezd, chto budet
privodit' v vzryvam v stile "Obval karkasa - super nova",
po prichine togo chto kogda vneshnyuyu
obolochku sduet, a zvezda efira ostanetsya na meste,
obolochka potom padaet vo vnutr',
i padenie proishodit s takoi siloi chto
zarozhdaetsya zvezda efira i srazu efir vosstanavlivaetsya
po prichine bol'shogo kolichestva energii,
v svyazi s chem proishodit bol'shoi vzryv
analogichnyi Krabovidnoi tumannosti, posle
vzryva v centre ostalas' tol'ko isparyayushayasya
zvezda efira, vosstanovlenie kotoroi postoyanno
podderzhivaet usloviya dlya razleta materii
ot zvezdy s kotoroi byla rezko zduta obolochka.
Do teh por poka ves' efir ne vosstanovitsya i zvezda
efira ne ischeznet, budet prodolzhat'sya razbros
materii, posle chego materiya ostanovitsya, tak kak
materiyu na stol'ko daleko razbrosalo,
to eta materiya nikogda v zvezdu ne soberetsya, ona
budet uvlechena drugimi zvezdami.

Tak vot chto sobstvenno imeem, po razmeru zvezdy
mezhdu soboi ne sil'no otlichayutsya,
s moei tochki zreniya ne bolee chem plyus minus
v desyat' raz po sravneniyu s Solncem.
Zvezdy odinakovogo razmera pri nizkom
davlenii efira zvezdy svetyat slabo, pri bol'shom
svetyat sil'no. Pri narushenii balansa,
zvezda lopaetsya pri snizhenii,
uvelichivaet yarkost' pri plavnom uvelichenii
plotnosti, i teryaet vneshnyuyu obolochku pri
vneshnei udarnoi volne.

A kak eto vliyaet na formu samoi galaktiki?, -
Mozhno vernutsya v nachalo i posmotret' chto u galaktik
v ciklichnosti mozhno vydelit' - molodost',
molodost' mozhno opredelit' kak ustoichivo
holodnoe sostoyanie, v etom sostoyanii ravnomernoe
raspredelenie zvezd.
Galaktiki razmytye.

Vstrecha s drugimi galaktikami ili samouplotnenie
galaktiki, pri etom proishodit plavnoe uvelichenie
srednei temperatury vnutri galaktiki, s estestvennym
umen'sheniem kolichestva efira v galaktike.
Galaktiki s sinimi rukavami.

Tak kak process vzaimnogo sblizheniya zvezd v galaktike
uvelichivaetsya, poyavlyaetsya sleduyushee sostoyanie galaktiki
- sbalansirovannaya, ili galaktika nabravshaya
kriticheskuyu massu - na fotografiyah u
etih galaktik sootnoshenie sinih zvezd i
rozovyh lopayushihsya v rukavah - primerno
odinakovoe.

Sleduyushaya situaciya kogda galaktika v sostoyanii
samo-nagreva, i yavlyaetsya peregrevayusheisya, po prichine togo
chto posle vybrosa efira iz zvezd i sbrosa zvezdami
bol'shogo kolichestva massy, eta massa v kosmose
nachinaet nagrevat'sya, ne davaya uiti
izlucheniyu zvezd iz galaktiki,
chto privodit k rezkomu povysheniyu davleniya
efira vnutri vsei galaktiki.
Vneshne eto zheltovatogo cveta galaktiki,
ili galaktiki okruzhennye kol'com
gryaznyh vybrosov meshayushih ih
nablyudat'.

Galaktika perehodit v sleduyushee sostoyanie -
ustoichivo goryachaya, i v rezul'tate bol'shogo
davleniya efira proishodit razbros
vsego sto est' vnutri galaktiki, efira,
materii zvezd, i uskorennoe vosstanovlenie
efira so zvezd efira delaet etot
process grandioznym po masshtabu, chto
mozhet tak razbrosat' zvezdy daleko,
chto oni uzhe v etoi galaktike ne soberutsya,
a prisoedinyatsya k drugoi.

Estestvenno posle razbrosa zvezd
na bol'shoe rasstoyanie proishodit ih ostyvanie,
i zvezdy perehodyat v dostatochno ustoichivoe
holodnoe sostoyanie, posle chego,
razletevshayasya materiya obratno padaet
na zvezdy i oni nabirayut moshnosti svecheniya,
i sblizhayutsya drug s drugom, i tak
process prodolzhaetsya.

Ya special'no ne ukazyval na zvezdnye
fotografii - po toi prichine chtoby
kazhdyi zhelayushii imel vozmozhnost'
vybrat' to chto emu nravitsya dlya kazhdogo
sluchaya.

http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1254896
Centr galaktiki Centavr A
-----------------------
http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1255454
Velichestvennaya spiral'naya galaktika NGC 1232
-----------------------
http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1255185
NGC 253: galaktika Skul'ptor
-----------------------
http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1255500
Licom k NGC 6946
-----------------------
http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0615a/
http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0905a/
http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0910i/
http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/opo0501a/
http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0506a/
=============================================

Flocculent spiral NGC 2841


Re: Svet i prostranstvo i o skorosti sveta. 6.03.20123:40

Ciklichnost' galaktik.

Chem galaktiki otlichayutsya drug ot druga.

Kak proishodit-

formirovanie
vstrecha s drugimi galaktikami
nabor kriticheskoi massy
samo-nagrev
razbros
formirovanie
i t.d.

Esli posmotret' na fotografii - to oni sobstvenno
osobo drug ot druga ne ochen' otlichayutsya,
no na samom dele otlichii dostatochno chtoby
zametit' ciklichnost' v zhizni galaktik.

Chto opredelyaet dvizhenie v galaktike, dvizhenie v
galaktike opredelyaet srednyaya temperatura prostranstva
v galaktike, i nekotorye nyuansy po plotnosti materii
v galaktike.
Efir kak vozduh v turbine pylesosa nahodyas' v galaktike
s raznoi plotnost'yu pri vozdeistvii na nego
centrobezhnogo vozdeistviya priobretaet raznuyu plotnost'.
V centre galaktiki ego plotnost' men'she, a po krayam bol'she.

No est' odno bol'shoe no - chto sobstvenno proishodit v zhizni
galaktiki - ona mozhet byt' v shesti temperaturnyh sostoyaniyah,
1 ustoichivo holodnaya,
2 nagrevayushayasya,
3 sbalansirovannaya,
4 peregrevayushayasya,
5 ustoichivo goryachaya
6 ostyvayushaya

Vot na odinakovom rasstoyanii naprimer nablyudaem
raznye galaktiki po svoei forme.
Na samom dele otpravnoi tochkoi v galaktike
yavlyaetsya

1 plotnost' efira,
2 kolichestvo materii, i
3 kolichestvo energii v etoi galaktike.

Vot voz'mem naprimer est' galaktika, mimo
nee proletaet drugaya galaktika,
u nih proishodit snizhenie plotnosti
efira mezhdu centrami galaktik,
i mezhdu vysokimi i nizkimi
plotnostyami efira v rukavah, esli takie est'.

Estestvenno proletaya skvoz' drug druga
v galaktikah dazhe ne bylo sluchaya chtoby
dve zvezdy stolknulis' mezhdu soboi,
no eto ne znachit chto ne proishodit
sliyaniya zvezdnyh mass galaktik.
Oni slivayutsya specificheskim vzaimodeistviem.

Po prichine togo chto plotnost' zvezdy efira,
vnutri zvezd sbalansirovana s vneshnei plotnost'yu
efira v prostranstve, to pri priblizhenii
centrov galaktik, ili drugih chastei galaktik
s nizkimi plotnostyami efira,
proishodit lopan'e vneshnih obolochek zvezd,
pri lopan'i obolochek proishodit sbros
materii ot desyati do pyatidesyati procentov,
massy zvezdy.
Posle sbrosa, proishodit bol'shoi
vybros efira iz zvezd, na rukavah i
v galaktikah etot process viden v vide
rozovyh lopayushihsya zvezdnyh bul'bashek.

Pri bol'shom skoplenii sosednih zvezd,
poluchaetsya udarnaya volna kotoraya na krayah
processa budet sbivat' davleniem
vneshnyuyu obolochku so zvezd, chto budet
privodit' v vzryvam v stile "Obval karkasa - super nova",
po prichine togo chto kogda vneshnyuyu
obolochku sduet, a zvezda efira ostanetsya na meste,
obolochka potom padaet vo vnutr',
i padenie proishodit s takoi siloi chto
zarozhdaetsya zvezda efira i srazu efir vosstanavlivaetsya
po prichine bol'shogo kolichestva energii,
v svyazi s chem proishodit bol'shoi vzryv
analogichnyi Krabovidnoi tumannosti, posle
vzryva v centre ostalas' tol'ko isparyayushayasya
zvezda efira, vosstanovlenie kotoroi postoyanno
podderzhivaet usloviya dlya razleta materii
ot zvezdy s kotoroi byla rezko zduta obolochka.
Do teh por poka ves' efir ne vosstanovitsya i zvezda
efira ne ischeznet, budet prodolzhat'sya razbros
materii, posle chego materiya ostanovitsya, tak kak
materiyu na stol'ko daleko razbrosalo,
to eta materiya nikogda v zvezdu ne soberetsya, ona
budet uvlechena drugimi zvezdami.

Tak vot chto sobstvenno imeem, po razmeru zvezdy
mezhdu soboi ne sil'no otlichayutsya,
s moei tochki zreniya ne bolee chem plyus minus
v desyat' raz po sravneniyu s Solncem.
Zvezdy odinakovogo razmera pri nizkom
davlenii efira zvezdy svetyat slabo, pri bol'shom
svetyat sil'no. Pri narushenii balansa,
zvezda lopaetsya pri snizhenii,
uvelichivaet yarkost' pri plavnom uvelichenii
plotnosti, i teryaet vneshnyuyu obolochku pri
vneshnei udarnoi volne.

A kak eto vliyaet na formu samoi galaktiki?, -
Mozhno vernutsya v nachalo i posmotret' chto u galaktik
v ciklichnosti mozhno vydelit' - molodost',
molodost' mozhno opredelit' kak ustoichivo
holodnoe sostoyanie, v etom sostoyanii ravnomernoe
raspredelenie zvezd.
Galaktiki razmytye.

Vstrecha s drugimi galaktikami ili samouplotnenie
galaktiki, pri etom proishodit plavnoe uvelichenie
srednei temperatury vnutri galaktiki, s estestvennym
umen'sheniem kolichestva efira v galaktike.
Galaktiki s sinimi rukavami.

Tak kak process vzaimnogo sblizheniya zvezd v galaktike
uvelichivaetsya, poyavlyaetsya sleduyushee sostoyanie galaktiki
- sbalansirovannaya, ili galaktika nabravshaya
kriticheskuyu massu - na fotografiyah u
etih galaktik sootnoshenie sinih zvezd i
rozovyh lopayushihsya v rukavah - primerno
odinakovoe.

Sleduyushaya situaciya kogda galaktika v sostoyanii
samo-nagreva, i yavlyaetsya peregrevayusheisya, po prichine togo
chto posle vybrosa efira iz zvezd i sbrosa zvezdami
bol'shogo kolichestva massy, eta massa v kosmose
nachinaet nagrevat'sya, ne davaya uiti
izlucheniyu zvezd iz galaktiki,
chto privodit k rezkomu povysheniyu davleniya
efira vnutri vsei galaktiki.
Vneshne eto zheltovatogo cveta galaktiki,
ili galaktiki okruzhennye kol'com
gryaznyh vybrosov meshayushih ih
nablyudat'.

Galaktika perehodit v sleduyushee sostoyanie -
ustoichivo goryachaya, i v rezul'tate bol'shogo
davleniya efira proishodit razbros
vsego sto est' vnutri galaktiki, efira,
materii zvezd, i uskorennoe vosstanovlenie
efira so zvezd efira delaet etot
process grandioznym po masshtabu, chto
mozhet tak razbrosat' zvezdy daleko,
chto oni uzhe v etoi galaktike ne soberutsya,
a prisoedinyatsya k drugoi.

Estestvenno posle razbrosa zvezd
na bol'shoe rasstoyanie proishodit ih ostyvanie,
i zvezdy perehodyat v dostatochno ustoichivoe
holodnoe sostoyanie, posle chego,
razletevshayasya materiya obratno padaet
na zvezdy i oni nabirayut moshnosti svecheniya,
i sblizhayutsya drug s drugom, i tak
process prodolzhaetsya.

Ya special'no ne ukazyval na zvezdnye
fotografii - po toi prichine chtoby
kazhdyi zhelayushii imel vozmozhnost'
vybrat' to chto emu nravitsya dlya kazhdogo
sluchaya.

http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1254896
Centr galaktiki Centavr A
http://images.astronet.ru/pubd/2011/11/29/0001254901/cenA2_hst_900.jpg
-----------------------
http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1255454
Velichestvennaya spiral'naya galaktika NGC 1232
http://images.astronet.ru/pubd/2012/01/07/0001255468/ngc1232b_vlt_900.jpg
-----------------------
http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1255185
NGC 253: galaktika Skul'ptor
http://images.astronet.ru/pubd/2011/12/20/0001255187/ngc253_lau_900.jpg
-----------------------
http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1255500
Licom k NGC 6946
-----------------------
http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0615a/
Colliding galaxies make love, not war
http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0905a/
Dramatically backlit dust lanes in NGC 7049
http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0910i/
Galactic wreckage in Stephan's Quintet

http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/opo0501a/
A Poster-Size    
Image of the Beautiful Barred Spiral Galaxy NGC 1300

http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0506a/
Out of this whirl: The Whirlpool Galaxy (M51) and companion galaxy

Eshe odna fotografiya, tol'ko u menya somneniya
chto eto galaktika, skorei vsego zvezda tipa SS 433

http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/1992/27/image/b/format/large_web/
http://imgsrc.hubblesite.org/hu/db/images/hs-1992-27-b-large_web.jpg

http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic1104a/
Flocculent spiral NGC 2841


http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/archive/category/galax/

A rose made of galaxies Stellar Nursery in the arms of NGC 1672 Colliding galaxies make love, not war Magnetic monster NGC 1275
A rose made of galaxies Stellar Nursery in the arms of NGC 1672 Colliding galaxies make love, not war Magnetic monster NGC 1275

Flocculent spiral NGC 2841 ACS Image of NGC 5866 Hubble Mosaic of the Majestic Sombrero Galaxy The magnificent starburst galaxy Messier 82
Flocculent spiral NGC 2841 ACS Image of NGC 5866 Hubble Mosaic of the Majestic Sombrero Galaxy The magnificent starburst galaxy Messier 82

A Poster-Size Image of the Beautiful Barred Spiral Galaxy NGC 1300 Galactic wreckage in Stephan's Quintet Barred Spiral Galaxy NGC 6217 Dramatically backlit dust lanes in NGC 7049
A Poster-Size Image of the Beautiful Barred Spiral Galaxy NGC 1300 Galactic wreckage in Stephan's Quintet Barred Spiral Galaxy NGC 6217 Dramatically backlit dust lanes in NGC 7049

Holiday Wishes from the Hubble Space Telescope Largest ever galaxy portrait - stunning HD image of Pinwheel Galaxy Out of this whirl: The Whirlpool Galaxy (M51) and companion galaxy A 'wallpaper' of distant galaxies is a stunning backdrop for a    
runaway galaxy
Holiday Wishes from the Hubble Space Telescope Largest ever galaxy portrait - stunning HD image of Pinwheel Galaxy Out of this whirl: The Whirlpool Galaxy (M51) and companion galaxy A 'wallpaper' of distant galaxies is a stunning backdrop for a runaway galaxy

Hubble's newest camera takes a deep look at two merging galaxies Edge-On View of NGC 4013 A Grazing Encounter Between two Spiral Galaxies Galaxy Playing Twister
Hubble's newest camera takes a deep look at two merging galaxies Edge-On View of NGC 4013 A Grazing Encounter Between two Spiral Galaxies Galaxy Playing Twister

Hubble views NGC 4522 Hubble snaps heavyweight of the Leo Triplet Spiral Key to Universe's Expansion Stellar fireworks are ablaze in galaxy NGC 4449
Hubble views NGC 4522 Hubble snaps heavyweight of the Leo Triplet Spiral Key to Universe's Expansion Stellar fireworks are ablaze in galaxy NGC 4449

Hubble Identifies Source of Ultraviolet Light in an Old Nebula Hubble views NGC 4402 The gargantuan galaxy NGC 1132 Spectacular Hubble view of Centaurus A
Hubble Identifies Source of Ultraviolet Light in an Old Nebula Hubble views NGC 4402 The gargantuan galaxy NGC 1132 Spectacular Hubble view of Centaurus A

Doing Cartwheels to Celebrate the End of an Era Unusual Spiral NGC 4921 in the Coma Galaxy Cluster Sunny Side Up Barred Spiral Bares All
Doing Cartwheels to Celebrate the End of an Era Unusual Spiral NGC 4921 in the Coma Galaxy Cluster Sunny Side Up Barred Spiral Bares All

Smoke Without Fire: a Different View of the Cigar Galaxy A star formation laboratory The Belly of the Cosmic Whale Perfect Spiral Overlaid with Milky Way Gems
Smoke Without Fire: a Different View of the Cigar Galaxy A star formation laboratory The Belly of the Cosmic Whale Perfect Spiral Overlaid with Milky Way Gems

Hubble image of NGC 1073 Hubble Captures a Lucky Galaxy Alignment Star cluster surrounds wayward black hole in cannibal galaxy ESO 243-49    
(unlabelled) The Calm after the Galactic Storm
Hubble image of NGC 1073 Hubble Captures a Lucky Galaxy Alignment Star cluster surrounds wayward black hole in cannibal galaxy ESO 243-49 (unlabelled) The Calm after the Galactic Storm

Stars in the Andromeda Galaxys disc Star cluster surrounds wayward black hole in cannibal galaxy ESO 243-49    
(labelled) Antlia Dwarf Galaxy Peppers the Sky with Stars HST PHAT detail of M31
Stars in the Andromeda Galaxys disc Star cluster surrounds wayward black hole in cannibal galaxy ESO 243-49 (labelled) Antlia Dwarf Galaxy Peppers the Sky with Stars HST PHAT detail of M31

Centre of M31 Hubble zooms in on double nucleus in Andromeda Galaxy Hubble observes blue stars in Andromeda's core HST PHAT wide image of M31
Centre of M31 Hubble zooms in on double nucleus in Andromeda Galaxy Hubble observes blue stars in Andromeda's core HST PHAT wide image of M31

Ground-based image of Andromeda Galaxy, M31 Ground-based image of Andromeda Galaxy, M31 Faint Galaxy with Popping Pink Features A Snapshot of Galactic Evolution
Ground-based image of Andromeda Galaxy, M31 Ground-based image of Andromeda Galaxy, M31


---------------------------------------------------------
Vnimatel'no rassmatrival galaktiki i zametil dopolnitel'nye
otlichitel'nye osobennosti.

1 Rassloenie galaktiki.

U galaktik nablyudaetsya rassloenie vnutri
galaktiki, v svyazi s chem proishodit neravnomernoe
uplotnenie zvezd, i sozdaetsya situaciya kogda v centre
galaktiki proishodit povyshenie temperatury v
svyazi s chem sozdaetsya razryazhenie efira

------------------------------
Doing Cartwheels to Celebrate the End of an Era


Doing Cartwheels to Celebrate the End of an Era




-------------------------------------
v svyazi
s bol'shimi rasstoyaniyami efir ne mozhet byt'
popolnen s okrain galaktiki, zvezdy nachinayut
v centre bystree sblizhat'sya
i styagivat'sya v centr galaktiki, posle chego nizkaya
plotnost' efira privodit k tomu chto zvezdy nachinayut
teryat' balans i uzhe ne mogut vsasyvat' efir,


Sunny Side Up

chto privodit
k lopan'yu zvezd s posleduyushim vybrosom efira.
Posle togo kak povyshaetsya davlenie efira v centre galaktiki,
povyshaetsya davlenie efira, poluchaetsya situaciya v kotoroi
staraya ploskost' galaktiki s vysokoi plotnost'yu
efira sozdaet uprugost' gorazdo bol'shuyu po otnosheniyu
k osyam, v svyazi s chem vse zvezdy povorachivayutsya po osi,
i poluchaetsya vot takaya situaciya.

Hubble image of NGC 1073


Hubble image of NGC 1073

Barred Spiral Galaxy NGC 6217
A Poster-Size Image of the Beautiful Barred Spiral Galaxy NGC 1300



-------------------------------
Re: Svet i prostranstvo i o skorosti sveta. 6.03.201218:28


Prodolzhenie.

2 Gryazevoe kol'co.

a) Galaktika men'she gryazevogo kol'ca.
b) Galaktika bol'e gryazevogo kol'ca.
v) Razmytie gryazevogo kol'ca.

Kogda galaktika prohodit kriticheskuyu massu u ee
zvezd nachinaetsya lopan'e zvezd s obrazovaniem
vokrug galaktiki gryazevoi peleny,


Smoke Without Fire: a Different View of the Cigar Galaxy

Spectacular Hubble view of Centaurus A

posle chego
eta pelena koncentriruetsya v gryazevoe kol'co.

Flocculent spiral NGC 2841


Kogda vidimyi razmer galaktiki men'she gryazevogo
kol'ca - govorit o tom chto galaktika vstupila
v svoyu samuyu
dinamichnuyu fazu, i u nee nachinayut izmenyatsya vse
zvezdy vnutri kol'ca.
Galaxy Playing Twister


Povyshaetsya temperatura v svyazi s chem snizhaetsya plotnost'
efira, v svyazi s bol'shimi rasstoyaniyami efir s periferii
ne mozhet popolnitsya, zvezdy nachinayut bystro
samo-sblizhat'sya, chto privodit k eshe bol'shemu snizheniyu
plotnosti efira i uvelicheniyu temperatury,
chto privodit k potere balansa dlya formirovaniya
"zvezdy efira" vnutri zvezd, i v svyazi s chem prakticheski
vse zvezdy odnovremenno nachinayut vydelyat' efir.
Hubble Mosaic of the Majestic Sombrero Galaxy
Kogda zvezdy vnutri gryazevogo kol'ca - to proishodit ili process
bystrogo samo-sblizheniya zvezd po prichine togo chto efir s periferii
ne mozhet popolnit' snizhenie plotnosti tak kak efir tozhe
obladaet vyazkost'yu i massoi, i na takih bol'shih
rasstoyaniyah popolnenie efira iz vne gorazdo men'she
chem nuzhno dlya zvezd, i oni samo-sblizhayutsya, tem samym eshe bol'she
snizhaetsya plotnost' efira i povyshaetsya temperatura, posle
chego "zvezdy efira" teryayut balans vo vtoroi raz, v pervyi raz
oni poteryali balans pri formirovanii gryazevoi peleny,
kotoraya prevratilas' v gryazevoe kol'co. Teryaya balans po vsasyvaniyu
efira, zvezda efira nachinaet vosstanavlivat' efir i sbrasyvat' ego
v prostranstvo, chto proishodit prakticheski odnovremenno so vsemi
zvezdami, i galaktika nachinaet razletat'sya.
Poluchaetsya chto kogda galaktika men'she gryazevogo kol'ca,
to v nei zvezdy samo-sblizhayutsya, ili rastalkivayutsya efirom.
ACS Image of NGC 5866

Dramatically backlit dust lanes in NGC 7049

Ground-based image   
of Andromeda Galaxy, M31




Kogda zvezdy prakticheski odnovremenno teryayut balans i vybrasyvayut
efir v prostranstvo sozdaetsya izbytochnoe davlenie efira,
i zvezdy bystro razletayutsya vo vse storony,
sperva zaletayut za gryazevoe kol'co, a potom
HST PHAT detail of M31

i polnost'yu gryazevoe kol'co pogloshayut
kak budto ego i ne bylo.

The gargantuan galaxy NGC 1132

----------------------------------------------

Re: Svet i prostranstvo i o skorosti sveta. 12.03.20121:16

Zametil ocherednuyu zakonomernost'.

Rukava.

Esli galaktika sostoit iz yavno vidimyh dvuh rukavov,
to eto rukava ot sliyaniya dvuh galaktik.

Galaktiki sblizhayutsya.
--------------------
http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0206b/
Hubble's   
newest camera takes a deep look at two merging galaxies

------------------
http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0810ae/

Arp 148
-----------------
http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/opo9734d/
Colliding Galaxies NGC 4038 and NGC 4039
------------------
http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0615a/
Colliding galaxies make love, not war


Formiruyut obshee yadro.
------------------------
http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/opo0014a/
Galactic Silhouettes

Yadra galaktik slivayutsya.
---------------------------------
http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic1107a/

A rose made of   
galaxies

http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0912a/
Hubble views results of NGC 2623 merger
--------


Yadra dvuh galaktik slity.
----------------------------------
http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/potw1125a/
Spiral   
Spins Both Ways
---------------------------
http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/opo1103c/

Hubble ACS visible image of M51

---------------------------------------

Naverh
[Citirovat'][Otvetit'][Novoe soobshenie]
A.P. Vasi
Re: Chernaya dyra 31.03.2013 19:54

Moi variant, prodolzhenie

---------------------------------------
Galaktika s rassloeniem.

Picture Album: Barred Spiral Galaxy NGC 1512 in Many Wavelengths (Gallery)

Picture Album: Wide view of Barred Spiral Galaxy NGC 1512 (Gallery)
---------------------
NGC 4314

Close-Up  
View of Galaxy NGC   
4314 Galaxy NGC 4314


---------------------------------------------------

Re: Svet i prostranstvo i o skorosti sveta. 24.03.201217:59

http://infuture.ru/article/5880
Astronomy obnaruzhili kvazary, deistvuyushie kak gravitacionnye linzy
Astronomy obnaruzhili kvazary, deistvuyushie kak gravitacionnye linzy Kandidaty v gravitacionnye linzy imeyut neocenimoe znachenie dlya ocenki massy galaktik kvazarov.

Astronomy, ispol'zuyushie kosmicheskii teleskop Habbl, nashli neskol'ko primerov galaktik, soderzhashih kvazary, kotorye deistvuyut kak gravitacionnye linzy, usilivaya i iskazhaya izobrazheniya galaktik.

---------------------------

Astronomers Using NASA's Hubble Discover Quasars Acting  
as Gravitational LensesGo to image download page
----------------

Dannaya galaktika samaya interesnaya iz vseh, u etoi galaktiki proizoshlo sliyanie dvuh
galaktik, chto povleklo za soboi rezkoe rassloenie zvezd, i u centra galaktiki zvezdy
nachali bystro samo-sblizhat'sya i rezko uvelichilas' temperatura v centre, i estestvenno
rezko snizilas' plotnost' efira, i zvezdy v centre ne mogut obespechit' nuzhnogo
davleniya vnutri sebya chtoby uderzhat' zvezdu efira ot togo chtoby chasticy Aleksandra,
ne nachali prevrashat'sya v chasticy efira. Pri vosstanovlenii chastic Aleksandra, k etim chasticam
prisoedinyaetsya energiya, i chastica uvelichivaet ob'em v milliard i bolee raz, i prevrashaetsya
v chasticu efira (chastica efira v milliard raz men'she chasticy (uslovnoi chasticy) vozduha),
pri etom process na nekotoroe vremya stanovitsya neobratimym. Pri blizko raspolozhennyh sosednih
zvezdah, rezko vosstanovivshiisya efir u sosednih zvezd delaet bokovoi rezkii gidravlicheskii udar pri etom
mozhet sdut' vneshnyuyu obolochku, i zvezda efira ostanetsya pozadi a obolochka iz materii sletit.
I pervonachal'noe vosstanovlenie efira nabiraet lavinoobraznyi vid, chto v rezul'tate tak daleko
davleniem efira razbrosaet zvezdy, chto bol'shinstvo zvezd nikogda ne soberutsya v odnu galaktiku,
oni pri ostyvanii sformiruyut mnogo nebol'shih galaktik na bol'shom udalenii drug ot druga.

Osnovnaya dostoprimechatel'nost' etoi galaktiki - eto samaya dinamichnaya chast' zhizni galaktiki.

To chto hotyat sdelat' katalog - to eto konechno gde-to logichno, no ne sovsem pravil'no, pravil'no u analogichnyh
galaktik vesti nepreryvnuyu videozapis' v teleskop.

No uchityvaya v kakom kamennom veke zhivem chto opredelyaetsya kolichestvom teleskopov v kosmose na million ,
etot vopros budet vryad-li kogda reshen v obozrimom budushem.

---------------------------------------------------


Naverh
[Citirovat'][Otvetit'][Novoe soobshenie]
A.P. Vasi
Re: Chernaya dyra 3.04.2013 22:59

Rassmeshil menya etot specialist po opytam Tomasa Yunga.

Vozmozhno nedalekii podrazumevaet opyt na elektronno
lopuhonnyh strunno shelyah, gde sobstvenno udalos'
rasshepit' elektron.

---
Na samom dele opyt Tomasa Yunga ne predstavlyaet iz
sebya nichego zauryadnogo, v avtorskom variante eto opyt
na dvuh shelyah diametrom odnu desyatuyu millimetra
raspolozhennye na rasstoyanii odnogo millimetra
drug ot druga, i sobstvenno v rezul'tate dannogo
opyta proishodit nalozhenie dvuh shelevyh kartinok
solnca.
V rezul'tate nalozhenii dvuh solnechnyh shelevyh
izobrazhenii poluchilis' polosy na izobrazhenii, chto sobstvenno
v ocherednoi raz slivaet fotony.
Nedalekie fiziki interpretiruyut elektronnye opyty
na dvuh shelyah kotorye byli sdelany bolee sta let spustya
- kak im hochetsya, i pripisyvayut etot golimyi
porozhnyak avtorstvu Tomasa Yunga.

----------------------

Re: Novye vidy elementarnyh chastic
Otvet #19 : Segodnya v 21:16:57
Mihail Surin, smotrya na Vashi kartinki, tak i ne ponyal, kak elektron prohodit cherez dve dve sheli v opyte Yunga. A molekula fullerena s protonami, neitronami i elektronami? Vse gorazdo slozhnee, ne nahodite?
Dlya bileta v novuyu fiziku, otkryvat' novye chasticy ne obyazatel'no, soglasen s Vami
Naverh
[Citirovat'][Otvetit'][Novoe soobshenie]
A.P. Vasi
Re: Chernaya dyra 3.04.2013 23:03

Opyty Tomasa Yunga v srednem 1800 god,
a elektron pridumali v 1924-1926godu.

Sobstvenno elektron na dvuh shelyah i opyty Tomasa Yunga
eto raznye epohi.

Intellekt na zemle - konstanta odnako.
Naverh
[Citirovat'][Otvetit'][Novoe soobshenie]
A.P. Vasi
Re: Chernaya dyra 6.04.2013 12:19


Re: Znaem li my fiziku?
Otvet #91 - Vchera :: 17:32:49
 
romik pisal(a) Vchera :: 16:34:56:
Alow pisal(a) Vchera :: 15:09:48:
Kogda provod peremeshaetsya v magnitnom pole, to elektrony, pod deistvie magnitnogo polya, nachinayut dvigat'sya, sozdavaya vokrug provodnika magnitnoe pole

Nu a do magnitnogo polya elektrony pokoino lezhat v provodnike?

U elektronov net silovogo napravlennogo dvizheniya.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Vot chto menya udivlyaet ya bolee chem uveren chto prakticheski
nikto ne znaet o tom fizicheskom opyte v rezul'tate kotorogo
byli pridumany elektrony, po toi prichine chto esli by znali
to posle nebol'shogo analiza opyta poslali by elektrony
v peshee eroticheskoe puteshestvie, po toi prichine chto
bazovyi opyt ne pravil'nyi, po toi prichine chto v nem
idet ne o elektronah a o kolichestve zaryada na mikro-kaplyah masla,
sobstvenno kto ne ponyal - elektron s nositelem zaryada,
a ne elektron, i konyu ponyatno chto elektrona bez nositelya
zaryada ne sushestvuet.

U menya takoe vpechatlenie chto vse dumayut chto v proshlom uzhe vse
pridumali za nih, tak vot dokladyvayu, tam polnaya erunda i bardak,
i v rezul'tate gospodstvovaniya paradigmy bylo tak skazat'
samovoshvalenie bez kriticheskih analizov, tak skazat' vse doveryali,
ibo byli nedalekimi v dannyh voprosah, seichas eto nazyvaetsya -
korporativnaya etika.

Tak vot eta korporativnaya etika - iz fiziki i kosmologii
sdelala skazku dlya umstvenno nepolnocennyh.
I vsyacheski pooshryayut idiotizm v etih naukah.
Naverh
[Citirovat'][Otvetit'][Novoe soobshenie]
A.P. Vasi
Re: Chernaya dyra 6.04.2013 13:17

Iz Vikipedii.

\\\
Opisanie opyta

Principial'naya shema opytnoi ustanovki

V prostranstvo mezhdu dvumya plastinami pod napryazheniem (v kondensator) Milliken vvodil mel'chaishie zaryazhennye kapli masla, kotorye mogli nahodit'sya v nepodvizhnom sostoyanii v opredelennom elektricheskom pole. Ravnovesie nastupalo pri uslovii  F_r = eE , gde\\\

----------------------------------------------------------------

\\\V 1913 professor chikagskogo universiteta R. Milliken v soavtorstve[2] s H. Fletcherom opublikovali proekt svoego opyta.[3]

V dannom eksperimente izmeryalas' sila elektricheskogo polya, kotoroe mozhet uderzhivat' zaryazhennuyu kapel'ku masla mezhdu dvumya elektrodami. Po znacheniyu etogo polya izmeryalsya zaryad kapli. Sami kapli elektrizovalis' vo vremya razbryzgivaniya. Vo vremena opyta ne bylo ochevidnym sushestvovanie subatomnyh chastic, i bol'shinstvo fizicheskih yavlenii[kakih?] mozhno bylo ob'yasnit', prinyav zaryad nepreryvno izmenyayusheisya velichinoi.

Tak nazyvaemyi elementarnyi zaryad e yavlyaetsya odnoi iz fundamental'nyh fizicheskih konstant i znat' ego tochnoe znachenie ochen' vazhno. V 1923g. Milliken poluchil Nobelevskuyu premiyu po fizike otchasti i za etot eksperiment.\\\

-------------------------------------------------------------------------

\\\V 1911 godu A.F.Ioffe opredelil zaryad elektrona, ispol'zovav tu zhe ideyu, chto i R. Milliken: v elektricheskom i gravitacionnom polyah uravnoveshivalis' zaryazhennye chasticy metalla (v opyte Millikena kapel'ki masla). Odnako etu rabotu Ioffe opublikoval v 1913 godu (Milliken opublikoval svoi rezul'tat neskol'ko ran'she, poetomu v mirovoi literature eksperiment poluchil ego imya).[2][3]\\\

---------------------------------------------------------------

\\\Zaryad elektrona nedelim i raven −1,602176565(35)10−19Kl[1] (ili −4,80320427(13)10−10 ed. zaryada SGSE v sisteme SGSE ili −1,602176565(35)10−20 ed. SGSM v sisteme SGSM); on byl vpervye neposredstvenno izmeren v eksperimentah A.F.Ioffe (1911) i R. Millikena (1912).\\\

--------------------------------------------------------


--------------------------------------------------------

\\\Opyt Millikena opyt po izmereniyu elementarnogo elektricheskogo zaryada (zaryada elektrona), provedennyi Robertom Millikenom i Harvi Fletcherom(angl.)russk. v 1909 godu [1].

Ideya eksperimenta sostoit v nahozhdenii balansa mezhdu siloi tyazhesti, siloi Stoksa i elektricheskim ottalkivaniem. Upravlyaya moshnost'yu elektricheskogo polya, Milliken i Fletcher uderzhivali melkie kapel'ki masla v mehanicheskom ravnovesii. Povtoriv eksperiment dlya neskol'kih kapel', uchenye podtverdili, chto obshii zaryad kapli skladyvaetsya iz neskol'kih elementarnyh. Znachenie zaryada elektrona v opyte 1911 goda poluchilos' ravnym 1,5924(17) \times 10^{-19} Kl, chto na 1% otlichaetsya ot sovremennogo znacheniya v 1,602176487(40) \times 10^{-19} Kl.\\\

----------------------------------------------------------------------------




Naverh
[Citirovat'][Otvetit'][Novoe soobshenie]
A.P. Vasi
Re: Chernaya dyra 6.04.2013 13:33

Dlya teh kto ne ponyal nyuansa,
na kartinke - ravnomernoe elektricheskoe pole
ot kuda vzyalos', - gde ego bazovye opredeleniya i
gde ego fizicheskaya sushnost'.
------------------------------
Principial'naya shema opytnoi ustanovki

---------------------------------------------

To na samom dele - staticheskaya utechka zaryada, i yasen kon'

na risunke napravlenie silovogo deistviya utechki zaryada

pokazano v protivopolozhnom napravlenii, ibo i konyu ponyatno

chto kaplya stremitsya upast' a silovoe deistvie po prichine

utechki staticheskogo zaryada uderzhivaet kaplyu.

I chto-to mne podskazyvaet chto i pri izmenenii

polyarnosti - kaplya to-zhe zavisnet no pri drugom

napryazhenii, - kak-by eto skazat' - mozhet tak

logichno i napravlenie dvizheniya efira obnaruzhivat',

kamennyi vek krugom.


Naverh
[Citirovat'][Otvetit'][Novoe soobshenie]
A.P. Vasi
Re: Chernaya dyra 6.04.2013 14:29

Nadeyus' chto dogadalis' chto na samom dele s etim opytom
larchik prosto otkryvalsya, - elektronov net nikakih,
est' zaryazhennye chasticy, i staticheskii elektro silovoi
potok po prichine utechki, - na risunke eto ravnomernoe elektro pole,
iz opyta i konyu ponyatno chto ravnomernoe elektro
pole ili utechka staticheskaya = mozhet byt' tol'ko v odnom
napravlenii ot minusa k plyusu.

Naverh
[Citirovat'][Otvetit'][Novoe soobshenie]
A.P. Vasi
Re: Chernaya dyra 8.04.2013 22:23

Offlain Sergei PopovAvtor temy

  • Obozrevatel'
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  • "..why the good God had opened up so many choices"
    • Personal'naya stranica
Re: Astronomiya na TV! Seichas...
Otvet #2083 : Vchera v 18:43:00
Shodil na razvedku.
Efir v sredu http://mirtv.ru/premiere/6808952

tret' byli otkrovennye al'ty (tipa: chlen Mezhdunarodnogo astronomicheskogo obshestva Lyudmila Konstantinovskaya i kandidat biologicheskih nauk, professor Evgenii Faidysh). No byl i normal'nyi interesnyi narod. Vedushii, vrode by, tozhe byl na storone zdravogo smysla.
Posmotrim, chto ostanetsya v itogovom variante :)


Osmelyus' zayavit', chto ni v koem sluchae ne sleduet uhodit' ot dialoga s al'ternativshikami, dazhe esli on grozit vylit'sya v ser'eznuyu konfrontaciyu na povyshennyh tonah. Sozhaleyu, chto ne smogu uvidet' prem'ernyi pokaz. Nado posmotret' programmu, mozhet, budet povtorenie?
U menya net takogo kanala. Budu iskat' na Yutyube.

Voobshe, naiti mozhno pryamo po vydannoi ssylke.
On-lain translyaciya u nih tozhe est'.

------------------------------------------------

Da ya azh rassmeyalsya.

---------------------------------------------------

Rasskazhu po prostomu - chego net u relyativistov - v pervuyu ochered'
po prichine ih tusovaniya v paradigme oni obrechenny na dostizheniya
stoletnei davnosti, i ne imeyut vozmozhnosti nichego izmenit'.

-------------------------------
U nih net stroeniya zvezd i planet.
Net fotonov.
Net elektronov.
Net chernyh dyr.
Net bol'shogo vzryva.
po toi prichine chto etomu net adekvatnogo fizicheskogo
ob'yasneniya net izmeritel'nyh priborov i metodik
izmerenii.
I ostaetsya tol'ko tancy vokrug mikrofona o chernyh
dyrah tancevat'.
-----------------------------

U al'tov est' vse i eshe zapasnaya telega idei,
no po toi prichine chto al'ty ne obyazany vytaskivat'
iz bolota relyativizma relyativistov kotorye v etom
bolote vyrashivayut sebe svoyu relyativistskuyu smenu,
kotorye tozhe v rezul'tate obucheniya zavyaznut v etom
bolote.

U al'tov svoya doroga kotoraya prohodit ryadom i mimo
relyativistskogo bolota.

------------
Vot lichno u menya delema napisat' fantasticheskii rasskaz
i zablokirovat' na sem'desyat let avtorskie prava na
moi idei v fizike i kosmologii, - s odnoi tochki
zreniya relyativisty ostanutsya pri svoih interesah,
a fizika i kosmologiya budet vynuzhdena idti
putem paradigmy v tom-zhe sostave i s temi-zhe ideyami.

Eto ne korrektno po otnosheniyu k molodezhi, po etomu
ya dumayu chto-to primitivnoe vse taki oficial'no opublikovat'.


 
Naverh
[Citirovat'][Otvetit'][Novoe soobshenie]
A.P. Vasi
Re: Chernaya dyra 9.05.2013 22:46

Vysshee obrazovanie - "Astronom"

Avtor cadian 1 2 3 4 Vse

-----------------------------------

Prochital i kak pravil'no bylo zamecheno v odnom iz postov chto vymyto pokolenie sorokaletnih, kto uehal za rubezh a kto ushel v biznes.

V principe net teh kto sposoben prinimat' resheniya v rezul'tate kotoryh budet luchshe.

Tak kak ya iz etogo pokoleniya to ya v meru svoego viden'ya rasskazhu chto nado delat'.

V principe astronomy so svoei naukoi ne vidyat neskol'kih glavnyh situacii - pervaya situaciya v tom chto vsya eta nauka po bol'shomu schetu ne nuzhna, hot' s malymi teleskopami hot' s samymi bol'shimi.

Ibo ne imeet prakticheskogo smysla dlya proizvodstva.

Vtoraya storona medali astronomiyu tekushuyu bol'shinstvo naseleniya schitayut zaputannoi slozhnoi v obshem neadekvatnoi.

Tret'ya storona - astronomy ne ponimayut chto ne lyudi dolzhny byt' dlya astronomii a astronomiya dolzhna byt' dlya lyudei.

Vsem ved' po barabanu v kakoi teleskop smotret' esli nikto ne smotrel ni razu v teleskop bol'she 300mm.

Iz etogo prostoi vyhod mozhno i nuzhno zarabatyvat' den'gi na lyubyh teleskopah - organizuetsya mikro gostinica, v kotoroi lyudi dolzhny razmestit'sya,i lech' pospat', posle chego v devyat' vechera ih razbudyat provedut instruktazh, kak teleskopom upravlyat' kak ego navodit' na zvezdu i kakie rychagi i pedali nado dlya etogo dergat' i nazhimat'. Posle lekcii v desyat' vechera legkii uzhin, posle chego s teleskopom do dvuh nochi, i nochnoi uzhin.

Legkii uzhin i nochnoi uzhin, v moem ponimanii racion odinakovyi, - tridcat' grammov masla slivochnogo, dva kusochka belogo hleba, tri kusochka sahara, dva kusochka kolbasy narezannoi, stolovaya lozhka kabachkovoi ikry, i pol litra chaya.

Po logike dolzhno byt' minimum dve bol'shie komnaty, krovati mozhno kak na sluzhbe s pruzhinnym karkasom, i vozmozhnost' razmestit' ne menee 60 chelovek, dolzhno byt' tri dushevyh, pyat' sanuzlov, desyat' umyval'nikov, vse udobstva dolzhny byt' v pomeshenii a ne na ulice, shkafchiki metallicheskie zakryvayushiesya na klyuch kak v supermarketah, dva holodil'nika, pyat' elektroplit, vahtersha i tele-nablyudenie.

Ideya v tom chto-by provodit' ekskursii v vide kul'turnyh pohodov, v astronomicheskie gostinicy, v kotoryh osnovnaya zadacha chtoby gruppy turistov ili prosto razlichnye kollektivy ne imeyushie otnosheniya k astronomii znakomit' s teleskopami, nauchit i rasskazat' kak imi upravlyat' i predostavit' vozmozhnost' posmotret' na zvezdy.

Tol'ko ne nado ustraivat' toi klounady kogda kto-to smotrit a drugie zhdut, dolzhen byt' okulyar s zerkal'nym otvetvleniem dlya videokamery, i na bol'shom ekrane chtoby pokazyval rezul'tat navedeniya vsem.

Estestvenno chto komu nadoelo nablyudat' smogut slushat' lekciyu, ili ih budut obuchat' pol'zovat'sya programmami dlya astronomov.

A esli sovsem nadoest to kosmicheskaya diskoteka dolzhna razveyat'.

I s moei tochki zreniya u astronomii ne obyazatel'no dolzhen byt' nauchnyi uklon v rabote, ibo lyudi hotyat zrelish, razvlechenii, i novyh neobychnyh znanii i umenii - i vot za eto oni mogut i hotyat platit' den'gi.

Naverh
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