Na dannoi nedele 26 iyulya Luna (F= 0,05-) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora bliz apogeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 406273 km ot centra Zemli. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,04-) proidet severnee Venery. 29 iyulya Yupiter dostignet stoyaniya s perehodom k popyatnomu dvizheniyu, a takzhe nastupit maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Yuzhnye del'ta-Akvaridy (ZHR= 25). V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,01+) proidet severnee Merkuriya, a 30 iyulya pri faze 0,04+ - severnee Regula. Krome etogo, na sumerechnom nebe srednih shirot strany vozmozhno poyavlenie serebristyh oblakov.

Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya ot 53 do 52 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 16 chasov 00 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya ot 31,49 do 31,51 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Raka. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.

Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 28 iyulya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Tel'ca, Bliznecov, Raka i L'va, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,12- do 0,1+ i uvelichivaya (s 26 iyulya - umen'shaya) sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Tel'ca. 25 iyulya tonkii staryi mesyac (F= 0,08-) vstupit v sozvezdie Bliznecov, gde 26 iyulya proidet severnee Venery pri faze 0,04-. 28 iyulya Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Raka i primet zdes' v etot den' fazu novoluniya. 29 iyulya molodoi mesyac pereidet v sozvezdie L'va i proidet zdes' yuzhnee Merkuriya pri faze 0,01+. 30 iyulya Luna (F= 0,04+) vtoroi raz za mesyac proidet severnee Regula i zakonchit svoi put' po iyul'skomu nebu v sozvezdii L'va pri faze 0,1+. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.

Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii nahoditsya na vechernem nebe, Venera vidna na utrennem nebe, a Mars, Yupiter, Saturn, Uran i Neptun nablyudayutsya na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1769488 . Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.

Iz komet (naibolee dostupnyh dlya lyubitelei astronomii) hvostataya strannica PANSTARRS (C/2017 K2) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca pri raschetnom bleske okolo 7m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na iyul', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .

Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (6,2m) v sozvezdii Vodoleya (vidimost' nevooruzhennym glazom).

Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .

Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!

Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!

Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .

Planety

Merkurii. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Raka, 28 iyulya perehodya v sozvezdie L'va. Merkurii nahoditsya na vechernem nebe, no luchshe vsego viden v yuzhnyh shirotah. Blesk planety umen'shaetsya ot -1,1m do -0,6m, uglovye razmery sostavlyayut okolo 5 sekund dugi, a faza okolo 0,9. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,32 do 1,26 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2022 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2022.html

Venera. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov. Venera vidna na fone utrennei zari v vide yarkoi zvezdy pri zapadnoi elongacii, umen'shayusheisya ot 24 do 22 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet okolo 11 uglovyh sekund, a blesk priderzhivaetsya znacheniya -4m pri faze okolo 0,9. V teleskop nablyudaetsya yarkii oval bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,53 do 1,56 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2022.html

Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna bliz Urana. Mars viden na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,2m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 8 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk s krupnymi detalyami. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,17 do 1,13 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2022.html

Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem (29 iyulya perehodya k popyatnomu dvizheniyu) po sozvezdiyu Kita. Yupiter mozhno nablyudat' na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 45 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,5m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,46 - 4,37 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na iyul'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2022.html

Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Saturn nablyudaetsya na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,3m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 19 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 8,92 do 8,89 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2022.html

Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna bliz Marsa. Uran nahoditsya na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya ot 19,95 do 19,84 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2022.html

Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb levee zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun mozhno naiti v binokl' na nochnom i utrennem nebe, a luchshe vsego ego nablyudat' v yuzhnyh shirotah strany. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 29,29 do 29,21 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2022.html

Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty

Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.

Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)

Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)

 
Data          a(2000.0)      d(2000.0)     r      delta   m  elon.   V      PA  son. 
Cerera (1) 
26 Jul 2022  08h16m19.02s  +24 45' 37.8"  2.580   3.590  8.4   5.3  67.02  99.5 Cnc 
31 Jul 2022  08h25m58.45s  +24 22' 19.2"  2.578   3.583  8.5   6.8  67.08 100.3 Cnc 
Pallada (2) 
26 Jul 2022  04h46m24.27s  -02 55' 54.4"  2.444   2.843  9.4  57.0  68.74 101.3 Ori 
31 Jul 2022  04h55m23.85s  -03 24' 45.9"  2.432   2.788  9.4  59.3  68.63 103.0 Ori 
Yunona (3) 
26 Jul 2022  23h18m46.23s  +01 43' 22.9"  2.440   1.648  9.1 131.3   7.19 169.2 Psc 
31 Jul 2022  23h18m45.53s  +01 26' 15.0"  2.427   1.590  9.0 136.1  10.61 197.4 Psc 
Vesta (4) 
26 Jul 2022  22h39m38.64s  -16 23' 54.1"  2.263   1.345  6.3 146.7  24.79 219.8 Aqr 
31 Jul 2022  22h37m13.07s  -17 03' 39.4"  2.268   1.321  6.2 152.0  29.08 225.6 Aqr 
Metida (9) 
26 Jul 2022  19h58m44.53s  -27 47' 56.3"  2.579   1.571  9.7 170.4  36.84 255.0 Sgr 
31 Jul 2022  19h53m30.20s  -28 06' 11.3"  2.574   1.578  9.8 165.6  35.20 257.0 Sgr 
Irena (14) 
26 Jul 2022  18h45m13.97s  -28 35' 55.2"  2.628   1.664 10.1 156.6  27.23 255.8 Sgr 
31 Jul 2022  18h41m31.63s  -28 48' 44.4"  2.636   1.701 10.2 151.1  22.99 256.5 Sgr 
Nausikaa (192) 
26 Jul 2022  20h11m01.40s  -29 06' 07.4"  2.109   1.101  9.4 170.2  38.72 270.1 Sgr 
31 Jul 2022  20h05m13.27s  -29 04' 53.5"  2.096   1.094  9.5 166.7  38.20 273.4 Sgr 
 
a  pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0,  d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0,   
r -  rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.),  delta -  rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.),   
m -  zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V -  uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas),  
RA -  pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. -  sozvezdie   

Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli

Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2022 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii iyulya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na iyul', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .

25 iyulya i vsyu nedelyu, sumerki - Vozmozhnost' poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov v srednih shirotah strany.

26 iyulya, 10 chasov 22 minuty - Luna (F= 0,05-) v apogee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 406273 km ot centra Zemli.

27 iyulya, utro - Luna (F= 0,02-) bliz Venery.

28 iyulya, 17 chasov 54 minuty - Novolunie.

29 iyulya, 11 chasov 47 minut - Yupiter v stoyanii s perehodom k popyatnomu dvizheniyu.

30 iyulya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,04+) bliz Regula.

31 iyulya i vsyu nedelyu, utro - Mars bliz Urana.

Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.

Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):

Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 28 iyulya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.

Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 28 iyulya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.

Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 28 iyulya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.

Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 07 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).