Devyat' planet

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Dopolnenie 2: Chempiony Solnechnoi sistemy

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Zdes' predstavlen spisok samyh bol'shih, samyh malen'kih, samyh yarkih i samyh plotnyh iz bol'shih tel solnechnoi sistemy i nailuchshih dlya zhizni.

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Samye bol'shie

V Solnechnoi sisteme est' 17 tel radius kotoryh prevyshaet 1000 km.

Etot kollazh pokazyvaet Solnce i 5 samyh bol'shih planet v masshtabe 3200 km/piksel. (Zemlya - krohotnoe pyatnyshko po sravneniyu s Yupiterom i Solncem).

A etot kollazh pokazyvaet Zemlyu i 11 naibol'shih ob'ektov Solnechnoi sistemy v masshtabe 100 km/piksel.

      
          Orbita Rasstoyanie  Radius  Massa
Nazvanie  vokrug (1000 km)    (km)    (kg)
--------  ------- --------  -------  -------
Solnce                       697000  1.99e30
Yupiter    Solnce    778000    71492  1.90e27
Saturn    Solnce   1429000    60268  5.69e26
Uran      Solnce   2870990    25559  8.69e25 *
Neptun    Solnce   4504300    24764  1.02e26 *
Zemlya     Solnce    149600     6378  5.98e24
Venera    Solnce    108200     6052  4.87e24
Mars      Solnce    227940     3398  6.42e23
Ganimed   Yupiter      1070     2631  1.48e23 +
Titan     Saturn      1222     2575  1.35e23 +
Merkurii  Solnce     57910     2439  3.30e23 +
Kallisto  Yupiter      1883     2400  1.08e23
Io        Yupiter       422     1815  8.93e22
Luna      Zemlya        384     1738  7.35e22
Evropa    Yupiter       671     1569  4.80e22
Triton    Neptun       355     1353  2.14e22
Pluton    Solnce   5913520     1160  1.32e22

Zamechaniya:
* Neptun menee plotnyi, chem Uran.
+ Merkurii bolee plotnyi, chem Ganimed i Titan.

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Samye Malen'kie

V Solnechnoi sisteme u 13 sputnikov radius men'she 20 km:

          Orbita Rasstoyanie  Radius  Massa
Nazvanie  vokrug (1000 km)    (km)    (kg)
--------  ------- --------  -------  -------
Deimos     Mars          23        6  2.00e15
Leda       Yupiter     11094        8  5.68e15
Adrasteya   Yupiter       129       10  1.91e16 *
Pan        Saturn       134       10     ?   
Fobos      Mars           9       11  1.08e16 *
Kalipso    Saturn       295       13     ?   
Kordeliya   Uran          50       13     ?   
Ananke     Yupiter     21200       15  3.82e16
Atlas      Saturn       138       15     ?   
Telesto    Saturn       295       15     ?   
Elena      Saturn       377       16     ?   
Ofeliya     Uran          54       16     ?   
Sinopa     Yupiter     23700       18  7.77e16

*Zamechanie: Adrasteya plotnee Fobosa.

Bezuslovno, est' eshe tysyachi eshe men'shih asteroidov i komet.

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Samye Yarkie

V Solnechnoi sisteme est' 12 tel yarkost' kotoryh prevoshodit 6 zvezdnuyu velichinu (esli smotret' s Zemli). Vse ih mozhno uvidet' nevooruzhennym glazom ili v nebol'shoi binokl'.

      
          Orbita Rasstoyanie  Radius Zv.vel.
Nazvanie  vokrug (1000 km)    (km)    V0 *
--------  ------- --------- ------- -------
Solnce      -            0   697000 -26.8
Luna      Zemlya        384     1738 -12.7
Venera    Solnce    108200     6052  -4.4 
Yupiter    Solnce    778000    71492  -2.7 
Mars      Solnce    227940     3398  -2.0 
Merkurii  Solnce     57910     2439  -1.9 
Saturn    Solnce   1429000    60268   0.7 
Ganimed   Yupiter      1070     2631   4.6 
Io        Yupiter       422     1815   5.0 
Evropa    Yupiter       671     1569   5.3 
Uran      Solnce   2870990    25559   5.5 
Kallisto  Yupiter      1883     2400   5.6 


* Zamechanie: V0 - Vidimaya zvezdnaya velichina v  
   protivostoyanii.

Zamechanie: Komety mogut byt' bolee yarkimi pri svoem priblizhenii k Solncu.

Vnimanie!  NE smotrite na Solnce nezashishennymi glazami. 
Eto mozhet stat' prichinoi chastichnoi ili polnoi poteri zreniya.
Pri nablyudeniyah Solnca cherez binokl' ili teleskop ispol'zuite 
special'nye solnechnye otrazhatel'nye fil'try.


Samye Plotnye
11 tel solnechnoi sistemy imeyut plotnost' bolee 3 g/sm3:

             Radius   Massa  Plotnost' *
Nazvanie       (km)    (kg)  (g/sm3)
---------- --------- ------- -------
Zemlya          6378  5.97e24  5.52
Merkurii       2439  3.30e23  5.42
Venera         6052  4.87e24  5.26
Adrasteya         10  1.91e16  4.5 
Mars           3398  6.42e23  3.94
Io             1815  8.93e22  3.53
Luna           1738  7.35e22  3.34
Elara            38  7.77e17  3.3 
Sinopa           18  7.77e16  3.1 
Liziteya          18  7.77e16  3.1 
Evropa         1569  4.80e22  3.01


*Zamechanie: Plotnost' dana v grammah na kubicheskii santimetr.

Zamechanie: Dlya malen'kih sputnikov tochnost' dannyh nizhe.

Konechno, est' eshe plotnye asteroidy, osobenno
M-tipa.


Nailuchshie Kandidaty Dlya Poiska Zhizni
Nazvanie   Pochemu
---------  -------
Zemlya      :)
Mars       Ochen' napominaet Zemlyu, osobenno v proshlom; ALH84001
Evropa     Est' usloviya dlya sushestvovaniya vody v zhidkom sostoyanii 
Encelad    Est' usloviya dlya sushestvovaniya vody v zhidkom sostoyanii
Titan      Slozhnyi himicheskii sostav i, veroyatno, nalichie zhidkosti.
Io         Slozhnyi himicheskii sostav, teplee ostal'nyh
Yupiter     Bol'shaya veroyatnost': teplo, mnogo organicheskogo materiala


Posle issledovaniya Marsianskogo meteorita 
vse ostavshiesya versii kazhutsya
ochen' spekulyativnymi.
Ni odin iz etih kandidatov ne kazhetsya na samom dele horoshim.  
Mozhno naiti veskie argumenty, chto by dokazat' pochemu zhizn' 
(po krainei takaya zhizn', kakuyu my znaem) ne mozhet sushestvovat' 
na kakom-nibud' iz etih tel.
(Drugie predpolozheniya
o sushestvovanii
zhizni na Evrope i Encelade
mozhno posmotret'
zdes'.)



 ... Dopolneniya
 ... Dannye
 ... "Chempiony"
 ... Hronologiya
 ... 




Original'nyi sait Devyat' Planet;
  avtor Vil'yam A. Arnett; poslednee obnovlenie:
30 dekabrya 2000 goda

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