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The R.A.P. Project (Reviews of Astro-Ph)

Kosmicheskie luchi i gamma-astronomiya


astro-ph/0207184 Discovery of Spectral Variability of Markarian 421 at TeV Energies
Author: F. Krennrich et al.
Comments: 24 pages, 3 figures, submitted May 20 2002, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters

Otkryta spektral'naya peremennost' gamma-blazara Mrk 421 v TeVnom diapazone. Nablyudeniya provodilis' na 10-metrovom teleskope observatorii Whipple.

Etot istochnik sil'no peremenen (faktor 30). Spektr izuchalsya v diapazone ot 380 GeV do 8.2 TeV. Spektry horosho opisyvayutsya stepennym zakonom s eksponencial'nym zavalom. Polozhenie zavala ne menyalos', zato izmenyalsya spektral'nyi indeks ot 1.89 do 2.72. Est' korrelyaciya mezhdu izmeneniyami spektra i svetimosti.


astro-ph/0207226 Detecting Radio Emission from Cosmic Ray Air Showers and Neutrinos with a Digital Radio Telescope
Author: Heino Falcke, Peter Gorham
Comments: Astropart. Phys., in press, LaTex (elsart.cls included), 29 pages, 4 figures, also available at http://www.mpifr-bonn.mpg.de/staff/hfalcke/publications.html#lofarpaper

Oh uzh eti kosmicheskie luchi sverhvysokih energii! Vse hotyat ih registrirovat'. Pri etom metodiki mogut byt' raznymi. Naprimer, mozhno pytat'sya nablyudat' radioizluchenie.

Ideya v izluchenii, sozdavaemom elektron-pozitronnymi parami, dvizhushimisya v zemnom magnitnom pole.

Dlya takih nablyudenii nuzhny novye instrumenty. Takim budet teleskop LOFAR (Low-Frequency Array), rabotayushii na 10-200 MHz. Uzhe sushestvuet prototip: LOPES. V otdalennom budushem poyavit'sya kilometrovaya reshetka (Square-Kilometer-Array SKA). Eto eshe bolee moshnyi instrument. LOFAR budet videt' livni ot kosmicheskih luchei s energiei ot 2*10^14 eV do ~10^20 eV.



obzor! astro-ph/0207361 Gamma rays from clusters of galaxies
Author: Pasquale Blasi
Comments: 15 pages, Invited Review Talk, to appear in the Proc. of "Matter and Energy in Clusters of Galaxies", April 23-27 2002, Taiwan

Interesnyi obzor, nachinayushiisya s samyh azov. Gamma-izluchenie ot soplenii galaktik poka ne zaregistrirovano. Odnako, est' vse osnovaniya polagat', chto budushie kosmicheskie i/ili nazemnye teleskopy smogut ego otkryt'. Osnovaniya sleduyut iz nablyudenii v rentgenovskom, UF i radio diapazonah. Vse eti dannye govoryat o nalichie neteplovyh chastic v skopleniyah galaktik.

V obzore podrobno obsuzhdaetsya vozmozhnoe proishozhdenie neteplovyh chatsic, metody uskoreniya i t.p.


astro-ph/0207411 A statistical detection of gamma-ray emission from galaxy clusters: implications for the gamma-ray background and structure formation
Authors: Caleb A. Scharf, Reshmi Mukherjee
Comments: Accepted ApJ, 26 pages, 9 figures, figures 1,2, and 3 are bitmapped

Na proshloi nedele uzhe byla stat'ya, posvyashennaya gamma-izlucheniyu ot skoplenii galaktik. I vot eshe odna.

V etoi rabote avtory ishut korrelyacii mezhdu dannymi EGRET i Abelevskimi skopleniyami. Rezul'taty govoryat o nalichii takovyh na urovne bol'shem treh standartnyh otklonenii. Takzhe avtory vyskazyvayut uverennost', chto budushie missii (GLAST) smogut vpryamuyu registrirovat' izluchenie ot skoplenii.



astro-ph/0207569 Trans-Planckian Particle Creation in Cosmology and Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays
Authors: A.A. Starobinsky, I.I. Tkachev
Comments: 5 pages, LaTeX

Obsuzhdayutsya nablyudatel'nye ogranicheniya (po nablyudeniyam diffuznogo gamma-izlucheniya na pribore EGRET) na rozhdenie chastic za schet gipoteticheskih trans-Plankovskih effektov na sovremennoi stadii evolyucii Vselennoi. V chastnosti, pokazana nevozmozhnost' obnaruzheniya kakih-libo effektov pri nablyudeniyah anizotropii reliktovogo izlucheniya. Odnako, pishut avtory, vse-taki sushestvuet veroyatnost' togo, chto chast' iz komicheskih luchei sverhvysokih energii generiruetsya v takih trans-Plankovskih processah.



astro-ph/0207618 Detection of the BL Lac object 1ES1426+428 in the Very High Energy gamma-ray band by the CAT Telescope from 1998-2000
Authors: A. Djannati-Atai et al.
Comments: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in A&A Letters

Sredi nazemnyh astronomicheskih nablyudenii osobnyakom (i dovol'no krasivym osobnyakom) stoyat issledovaniya na t.n. Cherenkovskih teleskopah. Eti instrumenty kosvenno registriruyut gamma izluchenie v oblasti poryadka 0.1-1 TeV. Seichas v raznyh tochkah zemnogo shara rabotayut (ili sovsem nedavno rabotali) neskol'ko takih instrumentov: HEGRA, Whipple, CAT i dr.

Odna iz problem v etoi oblasti nablyudatel'noi astronomii eto maloe kolichestvo istochnikov. Pul'sar v Krabe, nekotorye dvoinye sistemy i shepotka vnegalakticheskih istochnikov. Sredi poslednih nablyudayutsya v osnovnom lacertidy (istochniki tipa BL Lac), naprimer Mkn 421, Mkn 501. Eti istochniki nahodyatsya na z poryadka 0.03, t.e. sravnitel'no blizko. Odnako, sredi istochnikov sputnika EGRET vydelyayut 66 lacertid. Bylo by interesno uvidet' ih i s Zemli (pri etom diapazon tozhe neskol'ko drugoi: bolee zhestkii). Po vsem etim prichinam otkrytie kazhdogo novogo istochnika, ili poluchenie novoi informacii ob uzhe izvestnyh - sobytie.

V obsuzhdaemoi stat'e opisyvayutsya rezul'taty nablyudenii ob'ekta 1ES1426+428. O nablyudeniyah etogo istochnika uzhe dokladyvali Whipple i HEGRA. Zdes' zhe vpervye daetsya ocenka spektra ob'ekta v diapazone ot 0.25 do 1 TeV. Chitatel', kotoryi vpervye stalkivaetsya s dannoi tematikoi, mozhet poluchit' horoshee predstavlenie o slozhnostyah v etoi oblasti astronomii.


astro-ph/0207637 Cosmic Ray Diffusion from the Galactic Spiral Arms, Iron Meteorites, and a possible climatic connection?
Authors: Nir J. Shaviv
Comments: 4 Journal pages, 2 figures, revtex4. Report-no: CITA-2001-76; Phys Rev Lett 89, 051102 (2002)

Nir Shaviv (eto Shaviv-syn, v astrofizike ochen' izvestny i raboty ego otca) opublikoval lyubopytnuyu rabotu (sam ya slyshal doklad dva mesyaca nazad v Eriche). Osnovnaya ideya takova: kosmicheskie luchi uskoryayutsya (a mozhet i inzhektiruyutsya) v ostatkah sverhnovyh, ostatki v osnovnom nahodyatsya v spiral'nyh rukavah Galaktiki, stalo byt' tam vyshe potok kosmicheskih luchei; Solnce periodicheski prohodit cherez rukava, znachit periodicheski my popadaem v oblast' povyshennoi plotnosti kosmicheskih luchei; kak pokazyvayut poslednie issledovaniya (ob etom byli doklady na Evropeiskoi konferencii v Moskve v iyune), kosmicheskie luchi samym neposredstvennym obrazom vliyayut na pogodu. Znachit, zaklyuchaet Nir, mogut byt' periodicheskie kolebaniya v klimate Zemli. Dalee na raznom materiale on podtverzhdaet svoyu tochku zreniya.

Ot sebya zamechu, chto ne vse tut tak prosto: effektov mnogo, i vydelit' sredi nih odin (kosmicheskie luchi) ne prosto, a Nir rassmatrivaet etot effekt v otsutstvii ostal'nyh (naprimer, prohozhdenie plotnyh oblaste mezhzvezdnoi sredy).


obzor! astro-ph/0208113 Formation and Evolution of Galactic Black Holes
Authors: F. Combes
Comments: 27 pages, 10 figures, review article in 7th cosmology colloquium, High Energy Astrophysics, for and from Space, Paris, 11-15 Juin 2002 N. Sanchez and H. de Vega, Editors

Obsuzhdayutsya sverhmassivnye chernye dyry: kak ih sdelat', chem ih "kormit'" i chto pri etom proishodit.


astro-ph/0208228 Sensitivity of the Auger Observatory to ultra high energy photon composition through inclined showers
Authors: M. Ave et al.
Comments: 20 pages, 8 figures

Proekt Ozhe - odin iz samyh krupnyh nablyudatel'nyh proektov blizhaishego budushego. Polagayut, chto on pozvolit kachestvenno uluchshit' nablyudatel'nuyu situaciyu v izuchenii kosmicheskih luchei, v chastnosti kosmicheskih luchei sverhvysokih energii.

Odna iz osobennostei proekta - vozmozhnost' nablyudeniya sobytii s ochen' bol'shimi zenitnymi uglami. V stat'e daetsya raschet effektivnosti Observatorii pri registracii takih sobytii v zavisimosti ot sostava kosmicheskih luchei (protony, bolee tyazhelye yadra, fotony). Obsuzhdaetsya vozmozhnost' vydelit' sobftiya, svyazannye s fotonami sverhvysokih energii.



astro-ph/0208301 Measurement of the Spectrum of UHE Cosmic Rays by the FADC Detector of the HiRes Experiment
Authors: The High Resolution Fly's Eye Collaboration
Comments: 25 pages, 14 figures. Submitted to Astroparticle Physics
V stat'e predstavleny rezul'taty po kosmicheskim lucham sverhvysokih energii, poluchennye na detektore HiRes-II. Napomnim, chto dannye HiRes pozvolyayut usomnit'sya v otsutstvii GZK-zavala v spektre kosmicheskih luchei. Avtory detal'no opisyvayut metodiku eksperimenta i obrabotki dannyh. Sravnivaya svoi rezul'taty s dannymi AGASA, uchastniki eksperimenta HiRes po-prezhnemu vidyat MEN'ShE kosmicheskih luchei ochen' bol'shih energii.



astro-ph/0208444 Magnetars in the Metagalaxy: An Origin for Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays in the Nearby Universe
Authors: Jonathan Arons
Comments: 38 pages, 1 Figure, LaTeX (aastex, epsfig, graphicx, float), submitted to ApJ

Avtor pokazyvaet, chto relyativistskii veter ot molodyh magnitarov (trebuetsya pole bol'she 1014 Gauss i period vrasheniya poryadka millisekundy) mozhet uskoryat' chasticy do 1021 eV. Poluchaemyi spektr nahoditsya v grubom sootvetstvii s nablyudaemym u kosmicheskih luchei sverhvysokih energii. Dlya menya ostalos' ne ochen' ponyatnym, kak avtor reshaet problemu otsutstviya korrelyacii kosmicheskih luchei sverhvysokih energii s blizkimi galaktikami.


lekciya astro-ph/0208507 Astrophysics at the Highest Energy Frontiers
Authors: F.W. Stecker
Comments: Text of Lectures for the D. Chalonge International School of Astrophysics - 9th Course of Astrofundamental Physics, Palermo, Sept. 2002, to be published in the proceedings, 49 pages with 17 ps figures

Daetsya obzor nedavnih dostizhenii v astrofizike kosmicheskih luchei vysokih energii. Osoboe vnimanie udelyaetsya vysokoenergichnym neitrino.


obzor astro-ph/0208526 Auger : A Large Air Shower Array and Neutrino Telescope
Authors: Antoine Letessier-Selvon
Comments: 6 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. Talk given at the neutrino 2002 conference. To be published in Nuclear Physics B (Proceedings Supplement)

Ozhidanie lyubogo krupnogo nablyudatel'nogo proekta soprovozhdaetsya mnozhestvom statei na temu "chto zhe my uvidim, i kak eto budet zdorovo!". Proekt Ozhe (Auger) zdes' ne isklyuchenie.

V svoei stat'e avtor rassuzhdaet o vozmozhnostyah registracii neitrino sverhvysokih energii (1018 eV). Predskazyvaetsya, chto v blizhaishie 5 let takie chasticy budut zaregistrirovany. p>

astro-ph/0209252 The Spiral Structure of the Milky Way, Cosmic Rays, and Ice Age Epochs on Earth
Authors: Nir J. Shaviv
Comments: 33 pages, 11 figures. To Appear in New Astronomy

Ranee my uzhe pisali ob etoi rabote. Togda poyavilis' tol'ko materialy konferencii, teper' zhe - polnaya zhurnal'naya stat'ya. Napomnim sut' issledovaniya. Izvestno, chto kosmicheskie luchi v principe mogut vliyat' na zemnoi klimat. Periodicheski Zemlya (vmeste s Solncem) peresekaet spiral'nye rukava Galaktiki. Imenno v rukavah v ostatkah sverhnovyh uskoryayutsya kosmicheskie luchi. Stalo byt' ih potok na Zemle budet povyshennym. Eto mozhet privesti k periodicheskim klimaticheskim anomaliyam. Avtor nahodit svidetel'stva v pol'zu togo, chto takoe deistvitel'no imelo mesto v istorii nashei planety.


astro-ph/0209422 Energy determination in the Akeno Giant Air Shower Array experiment
Authors: M. Takeda et al.
Comments: submitted to Astroparticle Physics, 28pages, 16 figures, elsart.cls

AGASA opravdyvaetsya. Gruppa pereschitala energii chastic, i po-prezhnemu nastaivaet na svoih rezul'tatah. T.e. govoryat, chto vse u nih pravil'no, i oni ne vidyat GZK-zavala. Budem zhdat' rezul'tatov Ozhe ...


astro-ph/0209506 Properties of the Interstellar Medium and the Propagation of Cosmic Rays in the Galaxy
Authors: A.D.Erlykin, A.A.Lagutin, A.W.Wolfendale
Comments: 18 pages, 5 figures, accepted by Astropartoicle Physics

Krome togo, chto neizvestno otkuda berutsya kosmicheskie luchi sverhvysokih energii (i est' li oni voobshe), my ne ochen' horosho ponimaem proishozhdenie obychnyh kosmicheskih luchei: neyasno chto inzhektiruet chasticy, neyasno kak oni uskoryayutsya. Hotya s poslednim voprosom situaciya poluchshe: vrode by luchi uchkoryayutsya v ostatkah sverhnovyh. Vdobavok ko vsemu etomu sushestvuet problema rasprostraneniya kosmicheskih luchei v Galaktike, osobenno v svyazi s neizvestnoi (v neobhodimyh melkih detalyah) strukturoi mezhzvezdnoi sredy i magnitnogo polya. Vot etomu-to voprosu i posvyashena rassmatrivaemaya stat'ya.

Avtory zadayut fraktal'nuyu strukturu sredy i polya. Eto pomogaet reshit' nektorye problemy, naprimer problemu anomal'noi diffuzii, kotoraya neobhodima dlya sozdaniya galo kosmicheskih luchei (v etoi nauke termin galo imeet znachenie otlichnoe ot prinyatogo v zvezdnoi astronomii ili kosmologii - masshtaby drugie).


obzor astro-ph/0210049 The Enigma of the Highest Energy Particles of Nature
Authors: Guenter Sigl
Comments: 31 latex pages, 7 ps figures; draft of a review for Annals of Physics, Comments, suggestions for improvements are highly appreciated

Obzor po kosmicheskim lucham. Ob'yat' neob'yatnoe nel'zya, a potomu avtor koncentriruetsya na neskol'kih naibolee interesnyh dlya nego voprosah, kotorye v pervuyu ochered' svyazany s budushimi nablyudeniyami.


astro-ph/0210095 Signatures of AGN model for UHECR
Authors: V.Berezinsky, A.Z.Gazizov, S.I.Grigorieva
Comments: 4 pages, 1 figure

Avtory utverzhdayut, chto est' kosvennye osnovaniya govorit', chto kosmicheskie luchi s energiyami vyshe 1020eV rozhdayutsya v aktivnyh yadrah galaktik. Dannye o korelyaciyah plohie, i osnovnoi vyvod v dannoi stat'e delaetsya na analize spektra kosmicheskih luchei i ego sravnenii s model'nymi spektrami. Konechno, vse ponimayut, chto poka dannyh dlya okonchatel'nyh vyvodov malo, i nam pridetsya zhdat' rezul'tatov eksperimenta Ozhe.

obzor astro-ph/0210297 Astrophysics with High Energy Gamma Rays
Authors: Heinrich J. V\"olk
Comments: 3 pages, 11 figures. To appear in "Astronomy, Cosmology and Fundamental Physics", ed. P. A. Shaver, L. Di Lella, and A. Gimenez, Proc. ESA-CERN-ESO Symposium, Garching, March 2002. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, series "ESO Astrophysics Symposia"

Opisyvayutsya poslednie rezul'taty i blizhaishie perspektivy v gamma-astronomii vysokih energii.


obzor hep-ph/0210123 Scenarii Z-vspyshek dlya kosmicheskih luchei naivysshih energii (Z-Burst Scenario for the Highest Energy Cosmic Rays)
Authors: Z. Fodor, S.D. Katz, A. Ringwald
Commets: 20 pages, 17 figures, talk given at Beyond the Desert 2002, Oulu, Finland, June 2-8, 2002

Priroda kosmicheskih luchei samyh vysokih energii neizvestna. Tak nazyvaemyi "scenarii Z-vspyshek" polagaet, chto sushestvennaya chast' takih luchei obrazuetsya pri raspade Z-bozonov, voznikayushih pri stolknoveniyah neitrino ul'travysokih energii s reliktovymi kosmologicheskimi neitrino. V rabote priveden obzor teoreticheskih i vozmozhnyh nablyudatel'nyh sledstvii dannogo scenariya.


astro-ph/0211286 Poiski antiveshestva v kosmose (Antimatter research in Space)
Authors: Piergiorgio Picozza and Aldo Morselli
Commets: 10 pages, 7 figures, Invited talk at the 18th European Cosmic Ray Symposium, Moscow, July 2002, submitted to Journal of Physics G

Esli my budem tochno znat' kolichestvo antichastic (pozitronov, antiprotonov, yader antigeliya) v kosmicheskih luchah, to smozhem otvetit' na celyi ryad voprosov svyazannyh s prirodoi temnogo veshestva i barionnoi asimmetriei Vselennoi. V stat'e rassmotreny rezul'taty eksperimentov vtorogo pokoleniya po poisku antichastic: MASS89, MASS91, TS93, CAPRICE94, CAPRICE98 i poluchennym v nih ogranicheniyam. Vtoraya polovina stat'i posvyashena planiruemomu eksperimentu PAMELLA i sledstviyam ego ozhidaemyh rezul'tatov.


astro-ph/0211530 Obnaruzhenie diffuznogo TeVnogo gamma-izlucheniya ot blizkoi galaktiki so vspyshkoi zvezdoobrazovaniya NGC 253 (Detection of diffuse TeV gamma-ray emission from the nearby starburst galaxy NGC 253)
Authors: C. Itoh et al.
Commets: 4 pages, double colomn, 3 figures, A&A 396(2002)L1-4

NGC 253 odna iz blizhaishih k nam galaktik s ochen' burnym zvezdoobrazovaniem (tak nazyvaemoi "vspyshkoi zvezdoobrazovaniya"). Rasstoyanie do etoi spiral'noi galaktiki - primerno 2.5 Mpk. Blizost' i moshnoe zvezdoobrazovanie delali ee odnim iz kandidatov na poisk izlucheniya sverhvysokih energii. Takie nablyudeniya byli provedeny v 2000 i 2001 gg. na 10-m atmosfernom cherenkovskom teleskope CANGAROO-II. Ot galaktiki byl zaregistrirovan potok izlucheniya na energiyah >0.6 TeV ravnyi (7.8+/-2.5)x10-12 sm-2 c-1.


obzor astro-ph/0212111 Yadernaya sostavlyayushaya galakticheskih kosmicheskih luchei kak instrument kosmomikrofiziki (Galactic Cosmic Ray Nuclei as a Tool for Astroparticle Physics)
Authors: David Maurin et al.
Commets: 53 pages, review paper. to appear in Research Signposts, "Recent Research Developments in Astrophysics"

Bol'shoi obzor po kosmicheskim lucham, tochnee po ih yadernoi sostavlyayushei. Obsuzhdaetsya problema antimaterii (antiprotony i t.d.) v kosmicheskih luchah.

Sm. takzhe dve bol'shie vzaimosvyazannye raboty teh zhe avtorov po galakticheskim kosmicheskim lucham astro-ph/0212112 i astro-ph/0212113.


astro-ph/0212347 Sostoyanie eksperimenta KASCADE-Grande (Status of the KASCADE-Grande Experiment)
Authors: K.-H. Kampert et al.
Commets: Proceedings to "XII International Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions", CERN, Geneva, Switzerland 15-20 July 2002, (5 pages, 4 figures)

Kosmicheskie luchi sverhvysokih energii yavlyayutsya seichas odnoi iz samyh goryachih tem v astrofizike (naprimer, oni aktivno obsuzhdalis' na proshedshem Tehasskom simpoziume). Sredi posterov byl i ochen' interesnyi doklad ob eksperimente KASCADE. Stat'ya soderzhit kratkoe opisanie eksperimenta, osnovnoi zadachei kotorogo yavlyaetsya izmerenie t.n. "zheleznogo kolena" na energiyah ~ 10^17 eV (o himicheskom sostave kosmicheskih luchei i imeyushihsya v etoi oblasti problemah sm. svezhaishii obzor "The Chemical Composition of Cosmic Rays" astro-ph/0212348 togo zhe avtora).


miniobzor astro-ph/0212348 Himicheskii sostav kosmicheskih luchei (The Chemical Composition of Cosmic Rays)
Authors: K.-H. Kampert
Commets: Invited paper presented at Vulcano Workshop 2002 "Frontier Objects Astrophysics and Particle Physics", 20.-25. May, Vulcano (Italy) (8 pages, 2 figures)

V etom korotkom obzore rassmotren himicheskii sostav kosmicheskih luchei v intervale energii ot 1015 do 1020 eV. Obsuzhdayutsya dannye eksperimentov BLANCA, DICE, Fly's Eye, HEGRA, HiRes i TUNKA. Pohozhe, chto pri priblizhenii k verhnei granice etogo diapazona dolya tyazhelyh yader v kosmicheskih luchah vozrastaet.


hep-ph/0212223 Istochniki sub-GZK kosmicheskih luchei (Sources of sub-GZK cosmic rays)
Authors: P. Tinyakov, I. Tkachev
Commets: 10 pages, Talk at the International Workshop on Extremely High Energy Cosmic Rays, November 5-6, 2002, RIKEN, Japan

Dannye po kosmicheskim lucham sverhvysokih energii (v raione GZK-zavala) vozmozhno ukazyvayut na ih "skuchivanie": nablyudayutsya triplety i duplety, t.e. sobytiya, prishedshie (v predelah oshibok) s odnogo napravleniya. Esli eto tak, to eto dolzhno ukazyvat' na istochniki chastic. Avtory obsuzhdayut lacertidy (istochniki tipa BL Lacertae) kak vozmozhnye istochniki kosmicheskih luchei. Sm., odnako, "The clustering of ultra-high energy cosmic rays and their sources" astro-ph/0212533, gde avtory takzhe detal'no rassmatrivayut "skuchivanie" v rezul'tatah AGASA, no pokazyvayut, chto poka nel'zya govorit' o tom, chto istochnikami dostoverno yavlyayutsya lacertidy.


astro-ph/0212533 Skuchivanie kosmicheskih luchei sverhvysokih energii i ih istochniki (The clustering of ultra-high energy cosmic rays and their sources)
Authors: Wyn Evans, Francesc Ferrer, Subir Sarkar
Commets: 14 pages, 10 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D

Stat'ya ochen' pohoda na hep-ph/0212223, no avtory eshe rassmatrivayut raspad tyazhelyh gipoteticheskih chastic, kak istochniki kosmicheskih luchei sverhvysokih energii.


miniobzor astro-ph/0301039 Kosmicheskie luchi ekstremal'nyh energii: Bottom-up vs. Top-down (Extreme Energy Cosmic Rays: Bottom-up vs. Top-down scenarii)
Authors: H. J. de Vega, N. Sanchez
Commets: LaTex, 15 pages, 2 .ps figures. Based on lectures at the Fourth International Workshop on ew Worlds in Astroparticle Physics' in Faro, Portugal and at the SOWG EUSO meeting, Roma, Italia

Top-down eto kogda kosmicheskie luchi sverhvysokih energii ob'yasnyayut ne s pomosh'yu kakogo-to mehanizma uskoreniya (v aktivnyh yadrah galaktik, pri sliyaniyah neitronnyh zvezd, pri gamma-vspleskah i t.p. - eto kak raz Bottom-up), a s pomosh'yu raspada ekzoticheskih elementarnyh chastic. Avtory sravnivayut dva podhoda i golosuyut za Bottom-up.


obzor astro-ph/0301196 Astrofizika kosmicheskih luchei i vzaimodeistvie adronov (Cosmic Ray Astrophysics and Hadronic Interactions)
Authors: Paolo Lipari
Commets: Summary talk at the XII ISVHECRI (Inernational Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions). 16 pages, 9 figures

Istoriya izucheniya kosmicheskih luchei dlitsya uzhe vek, pri etom nekotorye ochen' vazhnye voprosy ne imeyut otvetov. Perspektivy blizhaishego desyatiletiya vpechatlyayut. Krome sovremennyh i planiruemyh eksperimentov v obzore rassmatrivaetsya vklad v astrofiziku kosmicheskih luchei, kotoryi mogut dat' pryamye izmereniya na uskoritele LHC v Cerne.


astro-ph/0301240 Razdelenie fotonov i adronov po fluktuaciyam Cherenkovskogo izlucheniya (Gamma-Hadron Separation using Cerenkov Photon Density Fluctuations)
Authors: V.R.Chitnis, P.N.Bhat
Commets: 26 pages, 9 ps figures, 1 eps figure, To appear in Experimental Astronomy

Cherenkovskie teleskopy registriruyut kak fotony sverhvysokih energii, tak i zaryazhennye chasticy (adrony). Obychno ih razdelyayut po forme poluchayushegosya izobrazheniya. No eto vozmozhno tol'ko v teleskopah stroyashih izobrazhenie. V stat'e predlozhen metod vydeleniya adronnyh sobytii po fluktuaciyam Cherenkovskogo izlucheniya. Eta stat'ya mozhet byt' interesna ne tol'ko astronomam.


astro-ph/0301263 Uskorenie chastic putem mnogokratnogo perehoda iz zaryazhennogo sostoyaniya v neitral'noe i obratno (Particle Acceleration through Multiple Conversions from Charged into Neutral State and Back)
Authors: E.V. Derishev et al.
Commets: 18 pages, submitted to Phys. Rev. D

Avtory predlagayut novyi metod uskoreniya kosmicheskih luchei. Osnovnaya ideya sostoit v tom, chto chasticy mogut ispytyvat' mnogokratnye perehody i zaryazhennogo sostoyaniya v neitral'noe i obratno (naprimer: proton<->neitron, elektron/pozitron<->foton).

Dannyi metod pozvolyaet uskoryat' chasticy do 1020 eV i vyshe, esli rech' idet o gamma-vspleskah i aktivnyh yadrah galaktik. Na men'shem masshtabe metod rabotaet v mikrokvazarah.

"Pobochnym effektom" dannogo processa yavlyaetsya izluchenie elektromagnitnyh voln i neitrino. Po mneniyu avtorov imenno eto yavlenie mozhet byt' otvetstvenno za gamma-izluchenie kosmicheskih vspleskov (dannyi vopros takzhe rassmatrivaetsya B. Shternom).



astro-ph/0301497 O statisticheskoi znachimosti GZK-osobennosti v spektre kosmicheskih luchei sverhvysokih energii (On the statistical significance of the GZK feature in the spectrum of ultra high energy cosmic rays)
Authors: Daniel De Marco et al.
Commets: 18 pages, submitted to Astrop. Phys

Kak mnogie znayut, idut debaty po povodu protivorechiya v dannyh dvuh eksperimentov (AGASA i HiRes) po izucheniyu spektra kosmicheskih luch energii. Sut' spora svoditsya k voprosu o nalichii "zavala" v spektre, obuslovlennogo vzaimodeistviem chastic kosmicheskih luchei s reliktovym izlucheniem. Avtory stat'i pokazyvayut, chto sporit' ne o chem: statisticheskaya znachimost' rashozhdeniya dvuh rezul'tatov ochen' mala. Vse-taki nado zhdat' rezul'tatov proekta Ozhe!


astro-ph/0302144 K voprosu o generacii kosmicheskih luchei sverhvysokih energii v gamma-vspleskah (On the generation of UHECRs in GRBs: a reappraisal)
Authors: Mario Vietri, Daniel De Marco, Dafne Guetta
Commets: 26 pages, Submitted to ApJ

Avtory pokazyvayut, chto sovremennyi uroven' dannyh ne pozvolyaet otbrosit' gipotezu ob obrazovanii kosmicheskih luchei sverhvysokih energii v istochnikah kosmicheskih gamma-vspleskov.


obzor astro-ph/0302201 Kosmicheskie luchi ot PeV do ZeV, zvezdnaya evolyuciya, fizika sverhnovyh i gamma-vspleski (Cosmic Rays from PeV to ZeV, Stellar Evolution, Supernova Physics and Gamma Ray Bursts)
Authors: Peter L. Biermann et al.
Commets: 28 pages, 4 figures. Invited review at the 9th course of the Chalonge School on Astrofundamental Physics: "The Early Universe and The Cosmic Microwave Background: Theory and Observations"; the review will be published in the proceedings of this course, Ed. Norma Sanchez

V obzore (tochnee eto lekciya - svoya specifika) uvyazyvayutsya vmeste kosmicheskie luchi, sverhnovye i gamma-vspleski. Osnovoi yavlyaetsya scenarii vzryva sverhnovoi, predlozhennyi bolee 30 let nazad G.S. Bisnovatym-Koganom - t.n. magnitorotacionnyi mehanizm. Na moi vzglyad, dovol'no interesnoe chtenie: mnogo fiziki (vklyuchaya dannye), no malo formul.


obzor hep-ex/0302008 Gamma-polyarimetriya (Gamma-ray Polarimetry)
Authors: Hiroyasu Tajima (SLAC)
Commets: 6 pages, 9 figures. Contributed to International Workshop on Vertex Detectors, Kailua-Kona, Hawaii USA, November 3-8, 2002

Opisyvayutsya dvuh-storonnie kremnievye strip-detektory i proektiruemyi s ih ispol'zovaniem nauchnyi sputnik SMCT (Semiconductor Multiple-Compton Telescope), Kotoryi budet rabotat' v diapazone energii 0.1-20 MeV.


astro-ph/0302342 CHANDRA/VLA nablyudeniya J2032+4131, edinstvennogo neotozhdestvlennogo TeVnogo gamma-istochnika (CHANDRA/VLA Follow-up of TeV J2032+4131, the Only Unidentified TeV Gamma-ray Source)
Authors: Yousaf Butt et al.
Commets: 40 pages

Schitaetsya, chto osnovnaya dolya galakticheskih kosmicheskih luchei uskoryaetsya v ostatkah sverhnovyh. Odnako, uskoritelyami takzhe mogut yavlyat'sya i obolochki (i sverhobolochki), obrazuemye associaciyami molodyh zvezd. Otnositel'no nedaleko ot nas raspolagaetsya krupneishaya iz izvestnyh v Galaktike associacii - Cyg OB2. Razumeetsya, eto pervyi kandidat v "uskoriteli". Gamma-teleskop HEGRA soobshil ob otkrytii Tevnogo istochnika, sovpadayushego s etoi gruppoi molodyh zvezd. V stat'e opisyvayutsya rentgenovskie i radio nablyudeniya istochnika. Rezul'taty nablyudenii podtverzhdayut gipotezu o svyazi istochnika gamma-izlucheniya s massivnymi zvezdami (tochnee s vzaimodeistviem ih vetrov). V rabote privoditsya ochen' horoshee vvedenie, kotorye my vsem rekomenduem prochest'.



astro-ph/0302380 Kosmicheskie luchi vysokih energii ot "Edinstvennogo istochnika" (High-energy cosmic gamma rays from the ingle Source')
Authors: A.D. Erlykin, A.W. Wolfendale
Commets: 11 pages, 4 figures, accepted by J.Phys.G: Nucl.Part.Phys

V fizike kosmicheskih luchei odnoi iz zagadok yavlyaetsya priroda t.n. "kolena" - izloma v spektre, otkrytogo v 50-e gg. Kulikovym i Hristiansenom. Avtory dannoi stat'i v svoe vremya predlozhili interesnuyu model', gde spektral'naya detal' svyazyvaetsya s prisutstviem "edinstvennogo istochnika" - blizkogo ostatka sverhnovoi. V novoi stat'e avtory prodolzhayut razvivat' svoyu model'.

obzor astro-ph/0302489 Astronomiya kosmicheskieh luchei, gamma-izlucheniya i neitrino (Multi-Messenger Astronomy: Cosmic Rays, Gamma-Rays, and Neutrinos)
Authors: F. Halzen
Commets: 26 pages, Latex2e with ws-procs9x6.cls (included), 13 postscript illustrations

Kosmicheskie luchi otkryty sto let nazad, no problema ih uskoreniya do sih por ne reshena. Mozhet byt' v etom pomogut planiruemye ochen' krupnye proekty: detektor atmosfernyh livnei ploshad'yu 10000 km2, massiv cherenkovskih teleskopov i kilometrovyi detektor neitrino. V obzore rassmoterny sleduyushie voprosy:

  • chasticy naivysshih energii i GZK zaval;
  • poisk "kosmicheskii uskoritelei" chastic;
  • mehanizm uskoreniya "sverhu-vniz";
  • TeV-nye gamma-kvanty ot blazarov;
  • vzaimodeistve ul'traenergichnyh fotonov s infrakrasnym diffuznym foton i s molekulyarnymi oblakakmi;
  • kilometrovaya naitrinnaya observatoriya.



astro-ph/0302602 Monte-Karlo atmosfernyh livnei vyzvannyh neitrino s pomosh'yu Corsika+Herwig (Corsika+Herwig Monte Carlo Simulation of Neutrino Induced Atmospheric Air Showers)
Authors: M. Ambrosio et al.
Commets: 29 pages, 15 eps figures Report-no: Auger-GAP-2003-013

Osnovnaya tema stat'i - chislennoe modelirovanie atmosfernyh livnei. Corsika - programma Monte-Karlo modelirovaniya livnya, a Herwin - vysokoenergichnyh sobytii (mozhe Monte-Karlo).


astro-ph/0302610 Proekt Veritas (The Veritas Project)
Authors: Rene A. Ong, for the VERITAS Collaboration
Commets: International Symposium: The Universe Viewed in Gamma Rays (6 pages, 2 figures)

Opisyvaetsya novaya nazemnaya gamma-observatoriya. Ona sostoit iz semi 12-metrovyh teleskopov. Pervaya chast' proekta fakticheski postroena (4 teleskopa).



miniobzor astro-ph/0303068 Astronomiya vysokoenergichnyh neitrino: put' eksperimenta (High Energy Neutrino Astronomy: The Experimental Road)
Authors: Christian Spiering
Commets: 11 pages, 15 figures. Talk given at the 18th European Cosmic Ray Conference, Moscow 2002, and the 8th Topical Seminar on Innovative Particle and Radiation Detectors, Siena 2002

Nebol'shoi obzor rezul'tatov poslednego desyatiletiya po TeV'nym i PeV'nym neitrino: metody registracii, sovremennoe sostoyanie i perspektivy detektorov.


astro-ph/0303123 O svetimosti kosmicheskih luchei sverhvysokih energii (On the Luminosity of the Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays Sources)
Authors: Todor Stanev
Commets: 10 pages, 5 postscript figures, uses high.sty

Horoshaya poluobzornaya stat'ya po kosmicheskim lucham sverhvysokih energii. Po nei vpolne mozhno sostavit' vpechatlenie o proishodyashem, hotya eto vsego 10 stranic v formate materialov konferencii.


astro-ph/0303177 Nizkaya statistika kosmicheskih luchei sverhvysokih energii (Low Statistics of EHECRs)
Authors: Angela V. Olinto et al.
Commets: Proceedings of the International Workshopon Extremely High Energy Cosmic Rays, RIKEN, Japan

Esli kto-to propustil... Dannye dvuh eksperimentov po kosmicheskim lucham sverhvysokih energii - AGASA i HiRes - ne sovpadayut drug s drugom. Komandy uspeli obmenyat'sya rezkimi stat'yami, posvyashennymi poisku problem v eksperimente-sopernike i ob'yasneniyu svoei pravoty. Na samom dele rashozhdenie ne stol' kritichno. Po vsei vidimosti prosto mala statistika. Etomu i posvyashena stat'ya.


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