The R.A.P. Project (Reviews of Astro-Ph)
Novye obzory (s iyulya 2002, nesortirovannyi hronologicheskii spisok)
Author: Matthias Bartelmann
Comments: 7 pages, no figures
Korotkii, no ponyatnyi obzor po problemam linzirovaniya na skopleniyah
galaktik. Takzhe perechislyayutsya osnovnye rezul'taty, poluchennye dannym
metodom.
Author: Laura Ferrarese
Daetsya obzor sovremennogo sostoyaniya del v issledovanii sverhmassivnyh chernyh
dyr. Osoboe vnimanie udelyaetsya dannym, poluchennym na Kosmichekom teleskope.
Author: Fridolin Weber
Comments: 52 pages, 43 figures
Rassmatrivaetsya povedenie veshestva pri vysokih plotnostyah,
obsuzhdayutsya kvarkovye zvezdy.
Authors: Bruce G. Elmegreen
Comments: accepted for ApJ, 42 pages, Dannie Heineman prize lecture
Odin iz luchshih specialistov v svoei oblasti daet obzor sovremennogo
sostoyaniya nashego znaniya ob obrazovanii zvezd.
Author: Bertil Dorch
Comments: Invited review, IAU coll. 188: Magnetic coupling of the solar atmosphere
V obzore rassmatrivaetsya trehmernoe modelirovanie magnitnyh trubok na
Solnce. Obsuzhdayutsya razlichnye neustoichivosti v trubkah, a takzhe nereshennye
problemy.
Author: J. Patrick Henry
Comments: 16 pages, 11 figures, invited review at the conference Matter and Energy in Clusters of Galaxies
Seichas blagodarya sputnikovym nablyudeniyam v rentgenovskom diapazone my imeem bol'shoe kolichestvo informacii o skopleniyah galaktik. V obzore rassmatrivaetsya evolyuciya svetimosti skoplenii galaktik v rentgenovskom diapazone, a takzhe evolyuciya temperatury gaza v skoplenii (sm. takzhe segodnyashnyuyu stat'yu W. Forman et al. "Galaxy Clusters with Chandra" astro-ph/0207165).
Author: T. Bloecker
Comments: 8 pages, 4 postscript figures, also available from http://www.mpifr-bonn.mpg.de/div/ir-interferometry; invited review at IAU Symp. 209 "Planetary Nebulae", ASP, in press
Rassmatrivaetsya struktura i evolyuciya central'nyh zvezd planetarnyh
tumannostei. Eti zvezdy prohodyat korotkuyu stadiyu evolyucii mezhdu
asimptoticheskoi vetv'yu gigantov i belymi karlikami. Perehod k stadii
belogo karlika opredelyaetsya vnutrennei strukturoi zvezdy, kotoraya v svoyu
ochered' opredelyaetsya predydushei istoriei zvezdy, v pervuyu ochered'
evolyuciei na asimptoticheskoi vetvi gigantov, a takzhe posleduyushei poterei
massy.
Author: Jon Loveday, for the SDSS collaboration
Comments: 20 pages, review to appear in Contemporary Physics
Report-no: CP 02.5/13
Podrobno opisan Sloanovskii Cifrovoi Obzor Neba. Sut' proekta - postroenie mnogocvetnoi trehmernoi karty raspredeleniya galaktik. Nablyudeniya provodilis' v pyati cvetah: ot blizhnego UF do blizhnego IK. Baza dannyh budet soderzhat' okolo 50 millionov galaktik do 23 zvezdnoi velichiny (predel razlichen v raznyh cvetah). Zatem budut polucheny spektry 1 milliona galaktik i 100 000 kvazarov. Proekt rabotaet uzhe dva goda, sootvetstvenno v obzore obsuzhdayutsya rezul'taty, poluchennye za eto vremya.
Author: Max Tegmark
Comments: Invited review for Science, 4 figs. Slightly abbreviated published version available at http://www.hep.upenn.edu/~max/spacetime.html
Populyarnyi obzor sovremennoi kosmologii.
Opisyvaetsya standartnaya na segodnyashnii den' model'
(65 procentov temnoi energii, 30 procentov holodnogo temnogo veshestva).
Author: T. Di Salvo, L. Stella
Comments: 11 pages, including 4 figures. To appear in the proceedings of the XXII Moriond Astrophysics Meeting "The Gamma-Ray Universe" (Les Arcs, March 9-16, 2002), eds. A. Goldwurm, D. Neumann, and J. Tran Thanh Van, The Gioi Publishers (Vietnam)
Daetsya obzor sovremennogo sostoyaniya del v izuchenii zhestkogo rentgenovskogo
izlucheniya ot malomassivnyh rentgenovskih
dvoinyh
sistem.
Provoditsya sravnenie sistem s neitronnymi zvezdami i chernymi dyrami.
Obsuzhdayutsya perspektivy, svyazannye s zapuskom sputnika INTEGRAL
(napomnim, chto 25 procentov nablyudatel'nogo vremeni na etom apparate
prinadlezhit Rossii).
Author: G.G.Raffelt
Comments: Contribution to Dennis Sciama Memorial Volume of NAR
Nesmotrya na otkrytie neitrinnyh oscillyacii sobstvenno massy neitrino ostayutsya neizvestnymi. V stat'e obsuzhdayutsya kosmologicheskie predely na massy neitrino (naibolee sil'nyi seichas sleduet iz obzora krasnyh smeshenii galaktik 2dF vkupe s teoriei obrazovaniya krupnomasshtabnoi struktury). Takzhe obsuzhdaetsya vozmozhnaya rol' neitrino v obrazovanii kosmicheskih luchei vysokih energii.
Author: Sultana N. Nahar
Comments: 15 pgs., 5 color figs., Invited Review, Proceedings of the Workshop on Stellar Atmosphere Modeling, Tuebingen, Germany, April 8-12, 2002
12 iyulya v astro-ph poyavilos' srazu tri raboty etogo avtora, posvyashennye atomnoi fizike. V dannom obzore avtor opisyvaet poslednie dostizheniya v vychislenii neprozrachnostei, chto yavlyaetsya chrezvychaino aktual'nym dlya astrofiziki (zvezdnye atmosfery, tumannosti, aktivnye yadra galaktik i t.d.).
Krome osnovnyh fizicheskih processov, sushestvennyh dlya dannyh vychislenii,
i prochei "kuhni" avtor opisyvaet onlainovye bazy dannyh i dostupnye kody
dlya sootvetstvuyushih vychislenii.
Author: Lawrence M. Widrow
Comments: 67 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in Reviews of Modern Physics
My znaem kak mozhno usilit' magnitnoe pole (dinamo). No dlya etogo nuzhno chtoby bylo chto usilivat'. V obzore obsuzhdaetsya kak teoriya dinamo v galaktikah, tak i proishozhdenie zachatochnogo (seed) polya v rannei Vselennoi.
Detal'no opisyvayutsya sovremennye nablyudeniya.
Author: R.Fusco-Femiano et al.
Comments: 15 pages, 9 figures, Invited Review : "Matter and Energy in Clusters of Galaxies", 23-27 April 2002, Taiwan, ASP, Conf. Ser., eds: S.Bowyer & C-Y.Hwang
Sputnik BeppoSAX - horoshii primer nedorogogo i ochen' uspeshnogo proekta.
V obzore opisyvayutsya nablyudeniya skoplenii galaktik na etom apparate.
Author: L. Guzzo
Comments: 13 pages LateX, style files included, 4 PS figures. Review to appear in "DARK2002", 4th Heidelberg Int. Conference on Dark Matter in Astro- Particle Physics, (Cape Town, February 2002), H.-V. Klapdor-Kleingrothaus & R. Viollier eds., Springer
Obsuzhdayutsya noveishie dannye po krupnomasshtabnoi strukture, poluchennye
v obzorah galaktik i ih skoplenii (2dF, REFLEX).
Rezul'taty horosho opisyvayutsya v ramkah modeli s nizkoi plotnost'yu
materii ($\Omega_M\simeq 0.3$).
Author: David Langlois
Comments: Invited review talk given at the 11th Workshop on General Relativity and Gravitation, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan (Jan 2002); 14 pages; Latex; one figure
V obzore opisyvayutsya rezul'taty issledovanii v oblasti brannoi kosmologii
(sm. takzhe stat'yu "Transdimensional physics and inflation"
hep-ph/0207145).
Author: S.E. Deustua et al.
Comments: Invited review for the Symposiumhe Future of Particle Physics'', Snowmass 2001. 16 pages, 4 jpeg figures, 3 postscript figures, uses revtex4
Daetsya obzor sovremennyh dannyh po osnovnym kosmologicheskim parametram,
temnoi energii i krupnomasshtabnoi strukture. V nachale obsuzhdayutsya
kosmologicheskie parametry: chto eto takoe i kak oni izmeryayutsya. Zatem
obsuzhdaetsya temnaya energiya: pochemu my uvereny v ee sushestvovanii,
kakova vozmozhnaya priroda etoi energii i t.d. Nakonec obsuzhdaetsya
krupnomasshtabnaya struktura: kak ona obrazuetsya, i kak sovremennye nablyudeniya
krupnomasshtabnoi struktury mogut nakladyvat' ogranicheniya na kosmologicheskie
parametry.
Author: Michael S. Turner
Comments: 10 pages LaTeX (newpasp.sty). To appear in "Hubble's Science Legacy: Future Optical-Ultraviolet Astronomy from Space", eds. K.R. Sembach, J.C. Blades, G.D. Illingworth, & R.C. Kennicutt, ASP Conference Series
Seichas pochti ustoyalas' standartnaya kartina temnoi materii i energii vo Vselennoi (3.5% +/- 1% barionov, 29% +/- 4% holodnoi temnoi materii, 66% +/- 6% temnoi energii i nemnogo neitrino). Teper', polagaet avtor stat'i, nado skoncentrirovat'sya na sleduyushih voprosah: (1) V kakoi forme nahodyatsya temnye bariony? (2) Iz chego (iz kakih chastic) sostoit holodnaya temnaya materiya? (3) Kakova priroda temnoi energii?
Otvetov na eti voprosy net, chto i obsuzhdaetsya v obzore.
Author: Martin Loidl
Comments: 9 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Proceedings of the XXXVIIth Rencontres de Moriond
Krome izvestnogo protivorechiya mezhdu fizikami i lirikami, est' zametnaya raznica mezhdu astrofizikami i fizikami. Naprimer, esli astrofiziki uvereny v sushestvovanii temnoi materii i issleduyut ee global'nye svoistva i sledstviya iz etih svoistv vytekayushie, to fizikam interesno "poimat' neitrino za borodu": obnaruzhit' chasticy temnoi materii v laboratorii.
V stat'e avtor opisyvaet popytki zaregistrirovat' slabovzaimodeistvuyushie
massivnye chasticy (WIMP). Poka polozhitel'nogo rezul'tata net, sootvetstvenno
predstavleny verhnie predely.
Author: P. J. E. Peebles, Bharat Ratra
Comments:
Temnaya energiya ... V obzore podrobno izlagayutsya osnovnye fizicheskie ponyatiya i
astronomicheskie dannye, svyazannye s etim fenomenom; daetsya istoricheskii
ocherk razvitiya sootvetstvuyushih idei; opisyvayutsya sovremennye nablyudeniyai
obsuzhdayutsya budushie. Avtory privodyat svoi kriticheskie kommentarii po povodu
fundamental'nyh teoreticheskih voprosov, svyazannyh s temnoi energiei.
Author: Pasquale Blasi
Comments: 15 pages, Invited Review Talk, to appear in the Proc. of "Matter and Energy in Clusters of Galaxies", April 23-27 2002, Taiwan
Interesnyi obzor, nachinayushiisya s samyh azov. Gamma-izluchenie ot soplenii galaktik poka ne zaregistrirovano. Odnako, est' vse osnovaniya polagat', chto budushie kosmicheskie i/ili nazemnye teleskopy smogut ego otkryt'. Osnovaniya sleduyut iz nablyudenii v rentgenovskom, UF i radio diapazonah. Vse eti dannye govoryat o nalichie neteplovyh chastic v skopleniyah galaktik.
V obzore podrobno obsuzhdaetsya vozmozhnoe proishozhdenie neteplovyh chatsic,
metody uskoreniya i t.p.
Author: G. Fiorentini, B. Ricci
Comments: 9 pages with 3 ps figures included, to appear on the Proc. of ESO-CERN-ESA Symposium on Astronomy, Cosmology and Fundamental Physics, Garching bei Munchen, Germany March 4-7, 2002
Daetsya obzor nablyudenii po proverke postoyannosti postoyannoi tonkoi struktury. Obsuzhdayutsya novye vozmozhnye istochniki dannyh.
Napomnyu, chto u nas v strane etoi tematikoi davno i uspeshno
zanimaetsya
gruppa
Varshalovicha v FTI im. Ioffe v Peterburge.
Author: Axel Brandenburg, Wolfgang Dobler
Comments: 6 pages, 4 figures, Astron Nachr (accepted; proceedings of "1st Potsdam Thinkshop on Sunspots and Starspots", Potsdam, Germany, May 2002)
19 iyulya poyavilos' srazu tri stat'i Aleksa Brandenburga, posvyashennye problemam dinamo mehanizmov na Sonce i zvezdah (astro-ph/0207392-4). V obsuzhdaemoi rabote na 6 stranicah daetsya korotkii obzor nedavnih dostizhenii v etoi oblasti.
Authors: J. Christensen-Dalsgaard
Comments: 60 pages, 27 figures. Scheduled for publication in Rev. Mod. Phys., Oct. 2002. A larger gzipped postscript version, with higher-quality figures, is available at http://astro.ifa.au.dk/~jcd/papers/rmp01/text-13.ps.gz
Vot i dolgozhdannyi obzor po gelioseismologii!
Imenno nablyudeniya kolebanii solnechnoi poverhnosti dayut unikal'nuyu vozmozhnost' zaglyanut' v solnechnye nedra (neitrinnaya astronomiya vse-taki poka ne dostigla uglovogo razresheniya, pozvolyayushego vpryamuyu smotret' vnutr' Solnca v detalyah). V obzore daetsya podrobnoe opisanie vsego, dostignutogo gelioseismologiei na nastoyashie moment. Nu a na russkom rekomenduyu privedennuyu vyshe ssylku.
Authors: A.D. Dolgov
Comments: 18 pages, 2 figures; invited talks presented at Rencontres of La Thuile, 2002 and at SpacePart 2002, to be oublished in the Proceedings
Obsuzhdayutsya novye modeli formirovaniya antiveshestva vo vselennoi, v chastnosti opisyvayutsya scenarii s obrazovaniem znachitel'nogo kolichestva antielementov tyazhelee geliya. Rassmatrivaetsya svyaz' takih modelei s novymi nablyudeniyami (naprimer s otkrytiem kvazara, obogashennogo zhelezom).
Authors: M. Gasperini, G. Veneziano
Comments: 250 pages, latex, 34 figures included using epsfig
Ogromnaya teoreticheskaya rabota po tomu "chto bylo, kogda nichego ne bylo", t.e. po fizike do Bol'shogo Vzryva. V rabote daetsya obzor nereshennyh problem v dannoi oblasti (t.k. vidimo reshennyh problem fakticheski net).
Authors: T. Montaruli (for the ANTARES Collaboration)
Comments: Submitted to ICHEP02 Conference, 31st Int. Conf. on High Energy Physics, 24-31 July 2002, Amsterdam. LaTeX, 10 pages, 9 figures
Proekt ANTARES eto morskoi neitrinnyi teleskop. On dolzhen byt' postroen v Sredizemnom more na glubine 2.4 km. Predpolagaemaya data okonchaniya stroitel'stva 2004 g. Ustanovka budet samoi bol'shoi v Evrope (est' eshe Antarktida i Yaponiya). ANTARES eto pervyi shag na puti k kilometrovomu (kubicheskii kilometr) detektoru v more.
Authors: Joachim Wambsganss
Comments: 10 pages, 4 figures, 1 Latex style file - To appear in Where's the Matter? Tracing Bright and Dark Matter with the New Generation of Large Scale Surveys', Eds. M. Treyer & L. Tresse (Frontier Group, 2002)
Daetsya obzor po linzirovaniyu: ot planetnyh mass do skoplenii galaktik. Osobenno obsuzhdaetsya vozmozhnost' registracii temnogo veshestva (kak barionnogo tak i nebarionnogo).
Authors: G.S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan, R.V.E. Lovelace
Comments: 143 pages, 25 figures New Astronomy Reviews 45 (2001) 663-742
V stat'e daetsya podrobnyi obzor advekcionno-dominirovannyh diskov, a takzhe obsuzhdaetsya rol' magnitnyh polei v diskovoi akkrecii.
Rabota napisana okolo 2 let nazad. Nekotoruyu novuyu diskussiyu mozhno naiti v svezhei korotkoi zametke Novaka (astro-ph/0207624).
Authors: P.J.E. Peebles
Comments: Eight pages; for the proceedings of the Moriond Conference on the Cosmological Model, Les Arcs, March 2002
"Posle togo, kak tochno izmereny kosmologicheskie parametry nado perehodit' k postroeniyu akkuratnyh modelei". Primerno tak mozhno kratko opisat' sut' predlagaemogo obzora.
Authors: G. Brunetti
Comments: 15 pages, 5 figures, Invited Review Talk, to appear in the Proc. of "Matter and Energy in Clusters of Galaxies", April 23-27 2002, Taiwan S.Bowyer and C.-Y. Hwang, Eds
Obsuzhdaetsya otkuda berut'sya relyativistskie elektrony v mezhgalakticheskoi srede, i chto s etimi elektronami proishodit. Obsuzhdayutsya parametry magnitnyh polei v skopleniyah galaktik.
Authors: Shiv S. Kumar
Comments: 9 pages, invited review paper presented at IAU211 Symposium at Waikoloa, Hawaii (May 2002), to appear in the proceedings
Daetsya istoricheskii obzor teoreticheskih i nablyudatel'nyh issledovanii malomassivnyh ob'ektov, massy kotoryh men'she predela zagoraniya vodoroda (0.08 mass Solnca dlya chisto vodorodnogo sostava). Obsuzhdaetsya teoriya fragmentacii molekulyarnyh oblakov. Krome staryh (60-e gg.) rassmatrivayutsya i novye rezul'taty, v chastnosti rassmatrivayutsya razlichiya v obrazovanii zvezd i planet.
Authors: F. Combes
Comments: 27 pages, 10 figures, review article in 7th cosmology colloquium, High Energy Astrophysics, for and from Space, Paris, 11-15 Juin 2002 N. Sanchez and H. de Vega, Editors
Obsuzhdayutsya sverhmassivnye chernye dyry: kak ih sdelat', chem ih "kormit'" i chto pri etom proishodit.
Authors: R. Battiston
Comments: 18 pages, 12 figures, Invited Talk at the ESO-CERN-ESA Symposium on Astronomy, Cosmology and Fundamental Physics, March 4-7 2002, Garching, Germany
Obsuzhdayutsya planiruemye kosmicheskie proekty v oblasti kosmomikrofiziki, a takzhe nereshennye problemy, radi kotoryh eti sputniki i sozdayutsya. Osoboe vnimanie udeleno kosmicheskim lucham. Sootvetstvenno obsuzhdayutsya eksperimenty AMS, PAMELA, Polar BESS. Eti eksperimenty svyazany s Mezhdunarodnoi kosmicheskoi stanciei, chto interesno v svyazi s voprosom "zachem nam nuzhna MKS?", kotoryi inogda vsplyvaet na forumah...
Authors: Jason X. Prochaska
Comments: pages, 4 figures. To appear in "Hubble's Science Legacy: Future Optical-Ultraviolet Astronomy from Space", APS Conf. Series
V samom nedalekom budushem my budem ochen' mnogo znat' o zvezdnoi sostavlyayushei galaktik na z<2 (sm. takzhe sleduyushuyu stat'yu). Odnako, po mneniyu avtora, informacii o gazovoi sostavlyayushei galaktik budet nedostatochno, i pomoch' zdes' mozhet tol'ko ul'trafioletovyi Kosmicheskii teleskop novogo pokoleniya (Next Generation Space Telescope). Na bol'shih krasnyh smesheniyah diagnostika gaza provoditsya po nablyudeniyam t.n. "laiman-al'fa lesa". Dlya z<2 etot metod ploho rabotaet.
Authors: Sidney van den Bergh
Comments: 8 pages. No figures
Korotkii ponyatnyi obzor po evolyucii galaktik razlichnyh tipov (k sozhaleniyu, bez kartinok). Progress v dannoi oblasti svyazan v pervuyu ochered' s glubokimi habblovskimi nablyudeniyami, pozvolyayushimi poluchat' kachestvennye izobrazheniya dalekih galaktik.
Na z<1 osnovnoe zvezdoobrazovanie idet v diskah, a na z>2 - v haoticheskih strukturah, "blobah" i t.p., chto otchasti svyazano so stolknoveniyami (sliyaniyami) galaktik na bol'shih krasnyh smesheniyah. Galaktiki rannih (ellipticheskie i Sa-Sab) i pozdnih (Sbc-Sc) tipov evolyucioniruyut po-raznomu. Na bol'shih krasnyh smesheniyah bol'she ob'ektov, kotorye ne popadayut na Habblovskuyu diagrammu. Krome togo, tam men'she galaktik s barami (a vokrug nas ih kolichestvo nezavisit ot galakticheskogo okruzheniya).
Authors: S.G. Djorgovski
Comments: PDF file, 10 pages including 2 figures. An invited paper, to appear in: "The Future of Small Telescopes", ed. T. Oswalt, Kluwer, in press
Chto mogut delat' malen'kie teleskopy v epohu bol'shih teleskopov? Eto, kstati skazat', dovol'no aktual'nyi vopros dlya nashei strany. V stat'e daetsya obzor celei i metodov togo, chto nazyvaetsya Virtual'noi observatoriei. Sovremennye informacionnye tehnologii pozvolyayut ochen' effektivno ispol'zovat' set' iz mnozhestva nebol'shih teleskopov, razbrosannyh po vsemu miru. V pervuyu ochered' rech' idet ob obzorah i nepreryvnyh nablyudeniyah (ponyatno, chto dnem-to smotret' nel'zya, a 5-6 teleskopov na raznyh dolgotah mogut pozvolit' provodit' monitoring 24 chasa v sutki, konechno na sluchai plohoi pogody neobhodimo dublirovat' instrumenty, raznosya ih i po shirote i t.d.).
Zamechu, chto eto pravil'no provodit' special'nye konferencii, posvyashennye ispol'zovaniya malen'kih teleskopov.
Authors: G.A. Tammann, B. Reindl
Comments: 15 pages (2 figures). To appear in the proceedings of the XXXVIIth Moriond Astrophysics Meeting "The Cosmological Model", Les Arcs, France, March 16-23, 2002
Daetsya istoricheskii obzor metodov izmereniya kosmologicheskih rasstoyanii (i, sootvetstvenno, opredeleniya postoyannoi Habbla). Takzhe obsuzhdayutsya problemy, sushestvuyushie po sei den', v pervuyu ochered' - kalibrovka cefeid (sm. takzhe stat'yu teh zhe avtorov, posvyashennuyu budushemu vkladu sputnika GAIA v izmereniya vnegalakticheskih rasstoyanii).
Authors: Aurelien Barrau
Comments: proceedings of the XIVth Rencontres de Blois : Matter-Antimatter Asymmetry
Pervichnye chernye dyry poka ne otkryty. Samyi izvestnyi predel na ih prostranstvennuyu plotnost' stavitsya po gamma-nablyudeniyam. Odnako, pri isparenii takzhe izluchayutsya antiprotony i voobshe antiyadra. Sootvetstvenno, nablyudeniya teh zhe antiprotonov mogut svidetel'stvovat' o sushestvovanii pervichnyh chernyh dyr (i naoborot). V obzore obsuzhdayutsya poslednie rezul'taty po issledovaniyam antiprotonov i antideitronov v svyazi s izucheniem pervichnyh chernyh dyr.
Authors: Gary Steigman
Comments: Course of lectures at the XIII Canary Islands Winter School of Astrophysics, osmochemistry: The Melting Pot of Elements (November 19 - 30, 2001; Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain). 32 pages; 16 figures
Nablyudayushiesya seichas D, 3He, 4He, i 7Li yavlyayutsya (v osnovnom) reliktami molodoi Vselennoi. Pervichnyi nukleosintez (naryadu s habblovskim potokom, reliktovym izlucheniem i krupnomasshtabnoi strukturoi) odin iz glavnyh kosmologicheskih testov: sravnivaya predskazaniya s nablyudeniyami mozhno ochen' mnogo uznat' o "pervyh treh minutah" v zhizni Vselennoi. Pro vse eto i rasskazyvaet v svoih lekciyah Garri Shteigman.
Authors: John E. Carlstrom et al.
Comments: submitted to ARAA Oct 2001, to appear ARAA, 2002, V40
Daetsya obzor effekta Syunyaeva-Zel'dovicha i ego kosmologicheskih prilozhenii. Effekt pozvolyaet izuchat' skopleniya galaktik na bol'shih krasnyh smesheniyah; po nablyudeniyam effekta mozhno opredelyat' postoyannuyu Habbla, plotnost' veshestva vo Vselennoi.
Authors: Carlos S. Frenk
Comments: 19 pages, 8 figs. Invited paper at Royal Society Discussion Meeting on ew Science from High Performance Computing.'' High resolution figures at http://star-www.dur.ac.uk:80/~csf/roysoc
Journal-ref: Phil. Tran. Roy. Soc., 2002, 300, 1277
Segodnya krupnomasshtabnaya struktura eto odin iz glavnyh kosmologicheskih testov (sm. vyshe). Krome nablyudenii zdes' bol'shuyu (ogromnuyu!) rol' igraet komp'yuternoe modelirovanie. V stat'e daetsya obzor sovremennogo modelirovaniya krupnomasshtabnoi struktury. Obsuzhdayutsya novye rezul'taty i ih sravnenie s nablyudeniyami.
Authors: Daniel Schaerer
Comments: Invited review, to appear in IAU Symp 212, Eds. K. van der Hucht, A. Herrero, C. Esteban. Related preprints and models available at http://webast.ast.obs-mip.fr/people/schaerer/
Rabota soderzhit obzor sovremennogo sostoyaniya del v izuchenii funkcii mass massivnyh zvezd. Poskol'ku vremya zhizni takih ob'ektov ochen' malo (neskol'ko millionov let), to nablyudayut ih v osnovnom v oblastyah nedavnego burnogo zvezdoobrazovaniya. Issledovanie takih oblastei delo slozhnoe, poetomu avtor takzhe podrobno obsuzhdaet razlichnye nablyudatel'nye metodiki, pozvolyayushie ocenit' parametry funkcii mass.
Authors: Syksy Rasanen
Comments: 69 pages, LaTeX2e. Based on a Ph.D. thesis
Na osnove svoei dissertacii avtor daet vvedenie v t.n. ekpyrotic scenario. Eto kosmologicheskaya model', yavlyayushayasya al'ternativoi inflyacii. Scenarii ne raz kritikovalsya Linde. Nadeyus', chto vskore Sergei Pavlyuchenko nachnet obzory gr-qc, i togda Vy smozhete bol'she uznat' o vseh etih kosmologicheskih scenariyah.
Authors: Ofer Lahav
Comments: 4 pages; to appear in the proceedings of the XXXVIIth Moriond Astrophysics Meeting "The Cosmological Model", Les Arcs, France, March 2002
Daetsya kratkii obzor konferencii. Otmechaetsya, chto seichas net ser'eznyh nablyudatel'nyh svidetel'stv protiv stndartnoi (v dannyi moment) modeli: holodnaya temnaya materiya + lyambda-chlen. Odnako, imeyushiesya v dannyh neopredelennosti ostavlyayut dostatochno prostora dlya somnenii.
Authors: Chang-Hwan Lee, Gerald E. Brown
Comments: 59 pages, 12 figures, review article
V obzore rassmatrivayutsya evolyuciya tesnyh dvoinyh sistem s chernymi dyrami, sverhyarkie rentgenovskie istochniki (ultraluminous X-ray sources), gipernovye i gamma-vspleski. Avtory pytayutsya naiti geneticheskuyu svyaz' mezhdu vsemi etimi tipami ob'ektov.
Authors: Daniel Schaudel et al.
Comments: 4 pages, 1 figures, appears in "Neutron Stars in Supernova Remnants" (ASP Conference Proceedings), eds P. O. Slane and B. M. Gaensler, 200
Daetsya korotkii obzor nablyudenii ostatkov sverhnovyh na sputnike ROSAT. Osoboe vnimanie udelyaetsya poisku novyh ostatkov po rentgenovskim dannym (poka osnovnaya dolya ostatkov otkryta po radionablyudeniyam). Vydeleno 14 kandidatov, issledovaniya kotoryh prodolzhayutsya.
Authors: W.Becker , G.G.Pavlov
Comments: 45 pages, 19 figures, Review on high energy observations of isolated Neutron Stars. To appear in "The Century of Space Science", eds. J.Bleeker, J.Geiss, M.Huber, Kluwer Academic Publishers, in press.; Original from January 2001, revised refereed version from December 2001. The paper with high resolution images can be obtained from ftp://ftp.xray.mpe.mpg.de/people/web/Becker_Pavlov.pdf
Zamechatel'nyi obzor po nablyudeniyam odinochnyh neitronnyh zvezd (kak radiopul'sarov, tak i radiotihih) v zhestkom diapazone. Dannye po rentgenovskim nablyudeniyam sushestvenno bolee polnye, chem v nashem obzore (isklyuchaya radiotihie neitronnye zvezdy). Ochen' rekomenduyu.
Authors: Vincent Tatischeff
Comments: 46 pages including 16 figures, uses eas.cls, to appear in the proceedings of the Aussois 2001 summer school "Stades Ultimes de l'Evolution Stellaire", EAS Pub. Series
V lekciyah opisyvayutsya razlichnye mehanizmy izlucheniya v liniyah v zhestkom diapazone (izluchenie goryachei plazmy, radioaktiyni raspad, annigilyaciya). Svoistva izlucheniya zatem obsuzhdayutsya v svete registracii na sovremennyh sputnikah. Navernoe seichas eto osobenno aktual'no v svyazi s gryadushim zapuskom sputnika Integral, 25 procentov nablyudatel'nogo vremeni kotorogo prinadlezhit Rossii.
Authors: Ronald A. Remillard et al.
Comments: 11 pages, 5 figs.; Procs. of the 4th Microquasar Workshop, 2002, eds. Durouchoux, Fuchs, & Rodriguez, (Center for Physics: Kolkata)
V rentgenovskom diapazone (da i ne tol'ko v nem) sushestvuyut slozhnosti s opredeleniem parametrov istochnikov. Banal'nyi primer. Na Zemle my izmeryaem potok, no chotby poluchit' svetimost' neobhodimo tochno znat' rasstoyanie, a ono chasto izvestno ploho ili ochen' ploho. Est' problemu so spektrami, osobenno s osobennostyami (liniyami). Spektry chasto okazyvayutsya model'nozavisimymi. I lish' vremennye harakteristiki izmeryayutsya tochno. Poetomu ih vse tak lyubyat. Samye prostye istochniki v etom smysle - rentgenovskie pul'sary. Period pul'sacii - period vrasheniya neitronnoi zvezdy. No est' i vsyakie drugie "zveri", naprimer istochniki s t.n. kvaziperiodicheskimi oscillyaciyami (KPO).
KPO proyavlyayut sebya na t.n. spektrah moshnosti. Na takih grafikah (sm.
risunok) po gorizontal'noi osi chastota, po vertikal'noi - "moshnost'"
(ne budet vdavat'sya v detali). Pokazany spektry dlya treh ob'ektov.
Vidno, chto gde-to est' yavnye "pichki", gde-to menee yavnye.
Tak ili inache, no oni svidetel'stvuyut o nalichii nekotoryh harakternyh
chastot. Vot po etim dannym i pytayutsya ponyat' chto zhe proishodit v istochnike.
Est' mnozhestvo modelei KPO. Delo v tom, chto eto yavlenie nablyudaetsya i dlya neitronnyh zvezd i dlya chernyh dyr akkreciruyushih v dvoinyh sistemah. No kakaya raznica! U neitronnyh zvezd i vam poverhnost', i vam magnitnoe pole. A dyra - ona i est' dyra. Odnako, hotelos' by postroit' edinuyu model' KPO. V obzore rech' idet o KPO v dvoinyh sistemah s chernymi dyrami. V osnovnom o nablyudeniyah. |
Authors: Alice K. Harding
Comments: 10 pages, invited paper at XXXVIIth Rencontres de Moriond "The Gamma-Ray Universe", March 9-16, 2002, Les Arcs, France
My znaem o neitronnyh zvezdah ochen' mnogo - my znaem o neitronnyh zvezdah ochen' malo. V nastoyashii moment bOl'shaya chast' nablyudaemyh neitronnyh zvezd - radiopul'sary. Odnako, etim vse ne ischerpyvaetsya. Est' samye raznye tipy neitronnyh zvezd. I daleko ne vse iz nih horosho izucheny. Est' nebol'shaya gruppa ob'ektov (7+4 kandidata): neitronnye zvezdy nablyudayushiesya v gamma-diapazone. O nih i rasskazyvaetsya v obsuzhdaemom obzore.
Vse sem' istochnikov i chetyre kandidata, obsuzhdaemye v stat'e, yavlyayutsya bolee-menee obychnymi radiopul'sarami. Avtor rassmatrivaet razlichnye mehanizmy izlucheniya, kotorye mogut byt' otvetstvennymi za gamma-izluchenie neitronnyh zvezd. Krome togo rassmatrivayutsya radiotihie neitronnye zvezdy, a takzhe neotozhdestvlennye gamma-istochniki.
Ozhidaetsya, chto novye sputniki (GLAST i dr.) smogut uvidet' v gamma-diapazone neskol'ko desyatkov radiopul'sarov.
Authors: Janusz Zi\'o{\l}kowski
Comments: 6 pages, 1 figure; review presented at Vulcano Workshop: "Multifrequency Behaviour of High Energy Cosmic Sources" (Vulcano, May 21-26, 2001). To be published in Memorie della Societa Astronomica Italiana, 2
Daetsya obzor tesnyh dvoinyh sistem s Be-zvezdami. Eto massivnye zvezdy s emissionnymi liniyami, chto svyazano s ih bystrym vrasheniem vokrug svoei osi. Pri etom obrauetsya istekayushii disk. Vtorym kompan'onom kak pravilo yavlyaetsya neitronnaya zvezda. Sistemy nablyudayutsya v rentgenovskom diapazone kak tranzientnye istochniki.
Authors: W. Becker, B. Aschenbach
Comments: 23 pages, 22 figures, 4 tables. To appear in the Proceedings of the 270.WE-Heraeus Seminar on Neutron Stars, Pulsars and Supernova Remnants, Jan 21-25, Physikzentrum Bad Honnef, eds W. Becker, H. Lesch & J. Truemper. Proceedings available as MPE-Report 278. The paper with high resolution images can be obtained from ftp://ftp.xray.mpe.mpg.de/people/web/Becker_Aschenbach.pdf
Dan obzor nablyudenii neitronnyh zvezd i pul'sarov na sputnike HMM-N'yuton.
Authors: B. Aschenbach
Comments: 13 pages, 18 figures. To appear in the Proceedings of the 270. WE-Heraeus Seminar on Neutron Stars, Pulsars and Supernova Remnants, Jan. 21-25, 2002, Physikzentrum Bad Honnef, eds W. Becker, H. Lesch & J. Truemper. Proceedings are available as MPE-Report 278
astro-ph/0208498 Radio Observations of Supernova Remnants
Authors: W. Reich (MPIfR)
Comments: 12 pages, 15 figures. To appear in the Proceedings of the 270. WE-Heraeus Seminar on Neutron Stars, Pulsars and Supernova Remnants, Jan. 21-25, 2002, Physikzentrum Bad Honnef, eds W. Becker, H. Lesch & J. Truemper. Proceedings are available as MPE-Report 278
Dva obzora, posvyashennye nablyudeniyam ostatkov sverhnovyh. Kak ya uzhe pisal, v issledovaniyah etih ob'ektov imenno radio i rentgenovskie nablyudeniya naibolee polno dopolnyayut drug druga. BOl'shaya chast' ostatkov otkryvaetsya v radio, no seichas nachinayut otkryvat' ostatki i v rentgene. Na segodnyashnii den' izvestno 230 ostatkov (plyus kandidaty) v radiodiapazone. V rentgenovskom nablyudaetsya neskol'ko desyatkov. Obzory interesno chitat' imenno vmeste (vozmozhno s dopolneniem o neitronnyh zvezdah v ostatkah, sm. vyshe).
Authors: F.W. Stecker
Comments: Text of Lectures for the D. Chalonge International School of Astrophysics - 9th Course of Astrofundamental Physics, Palermo, Sept. 2002, to be published in the proceedings, 49 pages with 17 ps figures
Daetsya obzor nedavnih dostizhenii v astrofizike kosmicheskih luchei vysokih energii. Osoboe vnimanie udelyaetsya vysokoenergichnym neitrino.
Authors: Massimo Stiavelli
Comments: 14 pages, 10 figures. To appear in the proceedings of the SPIE conference 4835 "Future research directions and visions for astronomy" held in Waikaloa, HI on August 25-26, 2002, A. Dressler Ed. Needs spie.cls (included)
Daetsya obzor po reionizacii Vselennoi, osobenno na vklade pervyh massivnyh zvezd maloi metallichnosti. Obsuzhdayutsya nablyudatel'nye perspektivy v etoi oblasti.
Authors: Steen Hannestad
Comments: 7 pages, 3 figures, Invited talk at the XXth Internat. Conf. on Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics (Neutrino 2002), Munich, Germany, May 25-30, 2002
Daetsya obzor sovremennogo sostoyaniya t.n. neitrinnoi kosmologii.
Authors: H.J. de Vega
Comments: LaTex, 29 pages, 7 .ps figures, Lectures at the 8th. Erice Chalonge School, p. 45-80 in the Proceedings, edited by H.J. de Vega, I.M. Khalatnikov and N.G. Sanchez, Kluwer 2001
Lekciya po inflyacionnoi kosmologii. Osoboe vnimanie udeleno kvantovoi storone dela.
Authors: Stefanie Komossa
Comments: Ludwig-Biermann Award Lecture, to appear in: Reviews in Modern Astronomy 15, R. Schielicke (ed.), Springer-Verlag, p. 27-56 (2002); preprint incl. full-size figures is available at http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/~skomossa/
Daetsya korotkii obzor rentgenovskih nablyudenii galaktik s aktivnymi yadrami, a takzhe opticheski-neaktivnyh galaktik, na sputnikah Chandra i XMM-Newton.
Authors: Piero Rosati, Stefano Borgani, Colin Norman
Comments: 40 pages, 15 figures. Full resolution figures can be downloaded from http://www.eso.org/~prosati/ARAA/ Journal-ref: Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2002, vol. 40, p. 539-577
V obzore privodyatsya rezul'taty issledovanii v rentgenovskom diapazone, provedennye na sputnikah ROSAT, ASCA, Beppo-SAX, Chandra i Newton-XMM. Obsuzhdaetsya evolyuciya skoplenii galaktik.
Authors: Jerome A. Orosz
Comments: nvited talk at IAU Symp. 212, "A Massive Star Odyssey, from Main Sequence to Supernova", to appear in the proceedings (K. A. van der Hucht, A. Herraro, & C. Esteban eds., San Francisco: ASP), 7 pages, 1 figure, 1 sideways table
Obsuzhdayutsya dvoinye sistemy s chernymi dyrami. Seichas est' uzhe 17 par, gde massa kompaktnogo ob'ekta slishkom velika dlya neitronnoi zvezdy. Osoboe vnimanie avtor udelyaet opticheskim nablyudeniyam kandidatov v chernye dyry.
Authors: Ken'ichi Nomoto, Keiichi Maeda, Hideyuki Umeda, Takuya Ohkubo, Jingsong Deng, Paolo Mazzali
Comments: Invited talk at IAU Symposium 212, "A Massive Star Odyssey, from Main Sequence to Supernova", to be published in the Proceedings (San Francisco: ASP) eds. K.A. van der Hucht, A. Herrero, & C. Esteban, 9 pages
Daetsya obzor po nukleosintezu v gipernovyh. Oni ochen' populyarny v poslednee vremya v svyazi s nekotorymi modelyami gamma-vspleskov. Odnako, poka net odnoznachnyh vyvodov v pol'zu samogo sushestvovaniya gipernovyh. Issledovaniya v oblasti nukleosinteza mogut pomoch' v reshenii voprosa o real'nosti takih supervzryvov.
Authors: D. Vanbeveren and E. De Donder
Comments: 12 pages, 3 figures, Pacific Rim Conference, Xi'an, China, 11-17 July 2002
Obzor po himicheskoi evolyucii galaktik. osoboe vnimanie udelyaetsya massivnym zvezdam (v pervuyu ochered' vetram), a takzhe dvoinym sistemam. Obsuzhdaetsya rol' vrasheniya zvezd v raschetah him. evolyucii.
Authors: John N. Bahcall
Comments: Invited talk, Neutrino 2002, Munich, May 2002
Daetsya istoricheskii obzor 40-letnih issledovanii v oblasti sozdaniya solnechnyh modelei v neitrinnoi astrofizike.
Authors: J. L. Han, R. Wielebinski
Comments: Invited Review (ChJA&A); 32 pages. Sorry if your significant contributions in this area were not mentioned. Published pdf & ps files (with high quality figures) now availble at http://www.chjaa.org/2002_2_4.htm
Journal-ref: ChJA&A Vol.2, pp.293-324 (2002)
Daetsya obzor po nablyudatel'nym proyavleniyam kosmicheskih magnitnyh polei. Osoboe vnimanie udelyaetsya polyu Galaktiki, a takzhe vnegalakticheskim ob'ektam. Izlagayutsya osnovy nablyudatel'nyh metodov (polyarizaciya sveta zvezd, effekt Zeemana, mera vrasheniya i dr.).
O mezhgalakticheskii magnitnyh polyah sm. takzhe astro-ph/0209091. A o modelirovanii mezhgalakticheskoi sredy - astro-ph/0209094.
Authors: A. Bhardwaj, et al.
Comments: 7 pages including 4 figures; Proc.36th ESLAB Symposium "Earth-Like Planets and Moons", June 3-8, 2002, ESTEC, The Netherlands, ESA SP-514, Ed. Bruce Battrick
Rentgenovskie luchi ispuskayut samye raznye ob'ekty. Konechno, akkreciruyushie neitronnye zvezdy svetyat v rentgene intensivnee, chem Luna. No....
V stat'e daetsya obzor po rentgenovskomu izlucheniyu ot ob'ektov Solnechnoi sistemy: planet, ih sputnikov, komet i t.d.
Authors: Duncan A. Forbes
Comments: 8 pages, Latex, 3 figures, To appear in the proceedings of New Horizons in Globular Cluster Astronomy ed. G. Piotto, G. Meylan, G. Djorgovski, M. Riello, ASP Conference series
Kosmicheskii teleskop pozvolyaet izuchat' sharovye skopleniya v drugih galaktikah (voobshe, eti ob'ekty yavlyayutsya samymi mnogochislennymi sredi vseh, dostupnyh dannomu instrumentu). V obzore privedeny dannye takih nablyudenii, a takzhe rezul'taty sravnenii parametrov sharovyh skoplenii v drugih galaktikah s nashimi.
Authors: A. Del Popolo
Comments: 34 pages. Invited review, Research Signpost
Ocherednoi obzor po temnoi materii i blizkim voprosam. Obsuzhdaetsya rol' temnoi materii razlichnogo tipa v formirovanii i evolyucii krupnomasshtabnoi struktury.
Authors: V. Luridiana
Comments: 8 pages, 1 figure. Moriond Latex style. To be published in the proceedings of the XXXVIIth Moriond Astrophysics Meeting "The Cosmological Model", Les Arcs, France, March 16-23, 2002
Obilie pervichnogo geliya - vazhneishii parametr v sovremennoi astrofizike. Opredelyaetsya eta velichina ploho: raznye gruppy dayut ochen' raznye rezul'taty. Hotya v poslednee vremya nametilsya progress. V obzore obsuzhdayutsya razlichnye metody opredeleniya obiliya pervichnogo geliya. Privodyatsya novye rezul'taty i rassmatrivayutsya prichiny razlichiya rezul'tatov raznyh grupp.
Authors: Vicent J. Martinez, Enn Saar
Comments: 15 pages, 7 figures, uses spie.cls (included). This paper will be published in SPIE Proceedings Vol. 4847, 2002, "Astronomical Data Analysis II," J.-L. Stark and F. Murtagh, eds., and is made available as an electronic preprint with permission of SPIE
Poskol'ku odnim iz vazhneishih kosmologicheskih testov yavlyayutsya dannye po krupnomasshtabnoi strukture, to ochen' polezno predstavlyat' kak zhe poluchayutsya kolichestvennye dannye v etoi oblasti. V obzore opisyvayutsya osnovnye metodiki, primenyaemye v kosmologii dlya opisaniya statistiki galaktik i ih skoplenii.
Authors: M. Bersanelli, D. Maino, A. Mennella
Comments: 81 pages, 16 figures. Submitted to "La Rivista del Nuovo Cimento"
Dan obzor sovremennogo sostoyaniya del v issledovanii anizotropii reliktovogo izlucheniya. Opisyvayutsya budushie programmy (sputniki, ballonnye eksperimenty i t.d.).
Authors: Aake Nordlund, Paolo Padoan
Comments: 28 pages, 13 figures, invited tutorial for the workshop "Simulations of Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence in Astrophysics: Recent Achievements and Perspectives", Paris, July 2-6, 2001, Eds. Edith Falgarone & Thierry Passot
Kak formiruetsya nachal'naya funkciya mass zvezd? Po vsei vidimosti ona neposredstvennym obrazom svyazana so svoistvami turbulentnosti v mezhzvezdnoi srede. Avtory rassmatrivayut vsyu cepochku: ot parametrov turbulentnosti do parametrov zvezd.
Authors: Tommy Wiklind, Danielle Alloin
Comments: 69 pages, Review on quasar lensing. Part of a LNP Topical Volume on "Dark matter and gravitational lensing", eds. F. Courbin, D. Minniti. To be published by Springer-Verlag 2002. Paper with full resolution figures can be found at ftp://oden.oso.chalmers.se/pub/tommy/mmviews.ps.gz
Daetsya detal'nyi obzor sovremennogo sostoyaniya izucheniya vnegalakticheskih gravitacionnyh linz v mililmetrovom i submillimetrovom diapazonah. Obsuzhdayutsya vozmozhnosti budushih proektov (ALMA).
Authors: Sabine Moehler
Comments: 8 pages, 2 figures, uses newpasp.sty (included), Invited Review to appear in "New Horizons in Globular Cluster Astronomy", eds. G. Piotto, G. Meylan, G. Djorgovski, & M. Riello, ASP Conf. Ser. (2003)
Belyh karlikov voobshe mnogo, a v sharovyh skopleniyah - osobenno. Eti zvezdnye ostatki vazhny, v chastnosti, potomu, chto pozvolyayut poluchat' nezavisimye ocenki rasstoyaniya do sharovyh skoplenii, a takzhe dayut vozmozhnost' uznat' vozrast skopleniya. Avtor obsuzhdaet v svoem obzore evolyucionnyi put' belyh karlikov v sharovyh skopleniyah. Osoboe vnimanie udelyaetsya puti do stadii belogo karlika.
Authors: L. Foschini et al.
Comments: 4 pages, no figures. Presented at AGN05: Inflows, Outflows and Reprocessing around black holes, Como (Italy), 11-14 June 2002. To appear in the Proceedings
Daetsya obzor po t.n. sverhyarkim (ultraluminous) rentgenovskim istochnikam. Prichina ih naimenovaniya kroetsya v tom, chto svetimost' istochnikov prevoshodit eddingtonovskuyu dlya zvezdnyh mass. Rassmatrivayutsya razlichnye gipotezy, ob'yasnyayushie prirodu etih ob'ektov.
Ob obnaruzhenii odnogo ochen' interesnogo ob'ekta dannogo tipa sm. astro-ph/0209292.
Authors: Steven R. Cranmer
Comments: 6-page review paper (single PDF file), 4 figures, published in the proceedings of the SOHO-11 Symposium: From Solar Minimum to Solar Maximum, 11-15 March 2002, Davos, Switzerland, ESA SP-508, pp. 361--366
Daetsya obzor sovremennogo sostoyaniya del v izuchenii vysokoskorostnyh vybrosov, kotorye uskoryayutsya v koronal'nyh dyrah. Dannye sputnika SOHO, a takzhe dannye s drugih apparatov dayut vazhnye ogranicheniya na vozmozhnye ob'yasneniya togo, kak chasticy uskoryayutsya do nablyudayushihsya bol'shih energii. Avtor obsuzhdaet kak nablyudatel'nye novosti, tak i novosti v teoreticheskih issledovaniyah, a takzhe perspektivy, svyazannye s novymi proektami.
Authors: Nikos Prantzos
Comments: Invited review talk in The Gamma-Ray Universe (XXII Moriond Astrophysics meeting), 14 pages, 5 figs. Proceedings edited by A. Goldwurm et al. (in press)
V stat'e dan obzor "zvezdnoi radioaktivnosti". Rech' idet o sinteze radioaktivnyh elementov massivnymi zvezdami (v tom chisle i pri vzryvah sverhnovyh). Dan interesnyi istoricheskii obzor.
Authors: Nino Panagia
Comments: 14 pages, 10 figures; Invited Review, to appear in the Proceedings of the Conference "Origins 2002: The Heavy Element Trail from Galaxies to Habitable Worlds", 26-29 May, 2002, Eds. C.E. Woodward & E.P. Smith, to be published by ASP
Obsuzhdayutsya svoistva samyh pervyh zvezd. Rassmatrivaetsya vopros o tom, kak mozhno nablyudatel'no otlichit' eti ob'ekty ot sformirovavshihsya chut' pozdnee, kogda sreda byla uzhe obogashena tyazhelymi elementami. V zaklyuchenie avtor rassuzhdaet, kak NGST (teper' ego prinyato nazyvat' JWST) smozhet pomoch' v vyyavlenii "samyh pervyh".
Authors: Edward W. Thommes, Jack J. Lissauer
Comments: 14 pages, 1 figure. To appear in proceedings of STSci Astrophysics of Life symposium (May 6-9, 2002)
Est' dovol'no ustoyavsheesya mnenie, chto planety mogut sushestvenno izmenyat' svoi orbity na ranniyah stadiyah sushestvovaniya sistemy vsledstvie kakih-libo vneshnih vozdeistvii ili vzaimodeistviya drug s drugom. Avtory dayut obzor osnovnyh mehanizmov migracii planet i obsuzhdayut primenimost' etih mehanizmov kak ko mnozhestvu izvestnyh ekzoplanetnyh sistem, tak i k nashei Solnechnoi sisteme.
Authors: E. Athanassoula
Comments: 12 pages, 8 figures, includes gh2001-asp.sty, invited review paper for the 4th Guillermo Haro conference on "Disks of Galaxies: Kinematics, Dynamics and Perturbations" at Puebla, Mexico, ASP Conf. Series 275, eds. E. Athanassoula, A. Bosma & R. Mujica
Authors: M. T. Murphy et al.
Comments: Invited review at the XXII Physics in Collision Conference (PIC02), Stanford, CA, USA, June 2002, 11 pages, LaTeX, 7 eps figures. PSN FRA
Daetsya obzor sovremennyh dannyh po izmereniyu variacii fundametal'nyh konstant po nablyudeniyam linii v spektrah kvazarov. Avtory polagayut, chto est' sil'nye ukazaniya (5 sigma) na nalichie variacii, no rezul'tat nuzhdaetsya, po ih mneniyu, v podtverzhenii. V svyazi s etim obsuzhdayutsya budushie nablyudeniya.
Authors: David D. Reid et al.
Comments: pedagogical review, 37 pages
Horoshii obzor po sovremennoi kosmologii.
Authors: J. Craig Wheeler
Comments: AAPT/AJP Resource Letter, American Journal of Physics, in press, 19 pages, 208 references
Bibliograficheskii obzor po sverhnovym. Ssylki razbity na neskol'ko tem: nablyudeniya spektrov, spektropolyarimetriya, krivye bleska, teoriya termoyadernyh vzryvov, kollaps yadra, radioaktivnyi raspad, kosmologicheskie prilozheniya, svyaz' s gamma-vspleskami.
Authors: Diego F. Torres, Gustavo E. Romero, Thomas M. Dame, Jorge A. Combi, Yousaf M. Butt
Comments: 82 pages + 23 JPEG figures
Obychno govoryat o vzaimosvyazi gamma-vspleskov so vzryvami sverhnovyh. Zdes' rech' idet o drugom. V kataloge gamma-istochnikov pribora EGRET bol'shaya chast' yavlyaetsya neotozhdestvlennoi. Eto mogut byt' vnegalakticheskie istochniki, neitronnye zvezdy, chernye dyry. Vozmozhno, eti istochniki svyazany s ostatkami sverhnovyh. O poslednei gipoteze i idet rech' v obzore.
Avtory obsuzhdayut rol' uskoreniya chastic kosmicheskih luchei v ostatkah sverhnovyh. Otmechu, odnako, chto nalichie korrelyacii s ostatkami sverhnovyh v chastnosti mozhet oznachat' svyaz' neotozhdestvlennyh istochnikov s molodymi neitronnymi zvezdami i chernymi dyrami, kotorye poyavilis' posle vzryvov, porodivshih i ostatki.
Authors: David Langlois
Comments: 32 pages; 3 figures; Latex (PTPTeX); to appear in the Proceedings of the YITP workshop on "Braneworld - Dynamics of spacetime boundary"
Obzor po brannoi kosmologii. Navernoe, podrobnee o nem napishet Sergei Pavlyuchenko.
Authors: Guenter Sigl
Comments: 31 latex pages, 7 ps figures; draft of a review for Annals of Physics, Comments, suggestions for improvements are highly appreciated
Obzor po kosmicheskim lucham. Ob'yat' neob'yatnoe nel'zya, a potomu avtor koncentriruetsya na neskol'kih naibolee interesnyh dlya nego voprosah, kotorye v pervuyu ochered' svyazany s budushimi nablyudeniyami.
Authors: Frank Verbunt
Comments: 10 pages, three figures, to appear in New Horizons in Globular Cluster Astronomy, Eds. Piotto et al., ASP Conf. Ser
Sharovye skopleniya stali odnoi iz osnovnyh mishenei sputnikov Chandra i N'yuton. Eto privelo k sushestvennomu uvelicheniyu kolichestva izvestnyh rentgenovskih istochnikov. Frank Verbunt, odin iz vedushih issledovatelei v etoi oblasti, daet nebol'shoi, no ischerpyvayushii obzor obrazovaniya i evolyucii tesnyh dvoinyh sistem s neitronnymi zvezdami v sharovyh skopleniyah. Takzhe kratko obsuzhdayutsya sistemy s belymi karlikami i chernymi dyrami.
Authors: M.Tosi
Comments: Summary of a general discussion held at the EuroConference "The evolution of galaxies. III: From simple approaches to self-consistent models", A&SS (Kluwer) in press. 10 pages, 4 eps figs
Sobstvenno, vse o soderzhanii stat'i skazano v zagolovke i kommentarii. Avtor vynuzhden kratko kosnut'sya shirokogo spektra voprosov, svyazannyh s karlikovymi galaktikami. Po obzoru mozhno sostavit' horoshee vpechatlenie o sovremennom sostoyanii del v etoi oblasti astrofiziki.
Authors: Adam Burrows, Todd A. Thompson
Comments: 10 pages, LaTeX, 4 JPEGs included. To be published in the proceedings to the ESO/MPA/MPE Workshop (an ESO Astrophysics Symposium) entitled "From Twilight to Highlight: The Physics of Supernovae," held in Garching bei M\"unchen, Germany, July 29-31, 2002, eds. Bruno Leibundgut and Wolfgang Hillebrandt (Springer-Verlag)
Obsuzhdaetsya sovremennyi status neitrinnyh modelei vzryvov sverhnovyh. Eto samaya standartnaya i naibolee prodvinutaya model' vzryva v rezul'tate kollapsa yadra massivnoi zvezdy. Rassmatrivayutsya problemy modeli i avtorskie popytki ih preodoleniya.
Authors: F. Combes
Comments: 8 pages, 4 figures, in "Active Galactic Nuclei: from Central Engine to Host Galaxy" ASP Conf. Ser., 2003, ed. S. Collin, F. Combes and I. Shlosman
Daetsya obzor mnogovolnovyh nablyudenii aktivnyh galaktik s cel'yu issledovaniya ih "dvigatelei": kak okoloyadernyh vspyshek zvezdoobrazovaniya tak i sverhmassivnyh chernyh dyr.
Authors: Bianca M. Poggianti
Comments: Invited review at the JENAM 2002 Workshop on "Galaxy Evolution in Groups and Clusters", Porto, Sep 5-7 2002, eds. Lobo, Serote-Roos and Biviano, Kluwer in press
O tom kak "sreda zaedaet" galaktiki. Galaktiki v skopleniyah ispytyvayut vliyanie sosedei. Avtor daet obzor "prevrashenii" galakti v skopleniyah, udelyaya osoboe vnimanie ne tol'ko morfologii, no i spektral'nym harateristikam.
Authors: A. Merloni
Comments: 10 pages, 1 colour figure. Latex macro sprocl.sty. Invited review, to be published in the proceedings of the 5th Italian AGN Meeting "Inflows, Outflows and Reprocessing around black holes" (2002)
Daetsya obzor po akkrecii na chernye dyry. V korotkoi zametke prakticheski bez formul dayutsya vse osnovnye idei. Odnako, po toi zhe prichine dlya specialistov stat'ya malo interesna. Ochen' polezna dlya studentov-aspirantov, i, kak govoritsya, dlya "specialisto smezhnyh special'nostei".
Authors: Piero Madau
Comments: 11 pages. Invited talk at the ESO-CERN-ESA Symposium on Astronomy, Cosmology, and Fundamental Physics, March 4-7 2002, Garching, Germany
Daetsya obzor po reionizacii (vtorichnoi ionizacii) Vselennoi. Sut' etogo yavleniya primerno takova: posle togo kak na krasnom smeshenii z=10 obrazuyutsya pervye zvezdy, kvazary i t.d. eti istochniki svoim moshnym ul'trafioletovym izlucheniem ionizuyut znachitel'nuyu dolyu mezhgalakticheskogo gaza (a napomnim, chto otnositel'no nezadolgo do etogo kak raz proshla epoha rekombinacii). Nalichie vtorichnoi ionizacii sushestvennym obrazom skazyvaetsya na dal'neishei evolyucii Vselennoi.
Authors: Heinrich J. V\"olk
Comments: 3 pages, 11 figures. To appear in "Astronomy, Cosmology and Fundamental Physics", ed. P. A. Shaver, L. Di Lella, and A. Gimenez, Proc. ESA-CERN-ESO Symposium, Garching, March 2002. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, series "ESO Astrophysics Symposia"
Opisyvayutsya poslednie rezul'taty i blizhaishie perspektivy v gamma-astronomii vysokih energii.
Authors: Massimo Della Valle
Comments: Invited Review (14 pag.). To appear in the Proceedings of the Conference lassical Nova Explosions'', M. Hernanz and J. Jose eds., American Inst. of Physics, 2002
Novye zvezdy - eto tesnye dvoinye sistemy s belymi karlikami. Karlik akkreciruet veshestvo zvezdy-sosedki, a zatem proishodit termoyadernyi vzryv. Posle process povtoryaetsya.
Seichas o novyh zvezdah izvestno uzhe ochen' mnogo. V stat'e avtor daet obzor sovremennogo sostoyaniya del. V chastnosti, opisyvayutsya dva tipa novyh: yarkie bystrye i slabye medlennye. Pervye iz nih svyazany s massivnymi belymi karlikami v tonkom diske galaktiki i spiral'nyh rukavah (tam raspolozheny bolee massivnye zvezdy). Vtorye - s tostym diskom i baldzhem.
Authors: Joseph Silk
Comments: To appear in the procedings of: The Evolution of Galaxies. III: From simple approaches to self-consistent models (Kiel, Gemany, July 2002)
Obzor po obrazovaniyu diskovyh galaktik. Kazalos' by, chto mozhet byt' proshe chem diskovaya galaktika. An net. Tut eshe mnogo belyh pyaten (pol'zuyas' sluchaem, rekomenduyu stat'yu I.I. Pashi v Istoriko-Astronomicheskih issledovaniyah za 2002 g. o stanovlenii teorii obrazovaniya spiral'noi struktury, nadeyus', chto ona poyavitsya v HTML vide na Astronete).
Authors: Eline Tolstoy
Comments: 10 pages, 4 figures, Invited talk in "Galaxy Evolution III: From Simple Approaches to Self-Consistent Models" (Kiel, Germany, July 16-20, 2002) eds. G. Hensler et al., in press
Malen'kie galaktiki ne menee vazhny chem bol'shie, a po mneniyu nekotoryh specialistov oni dazhe bolee vazhny dlya ponimaniya evolyucii vnegalakticheskih ob'ektov. Obzor posvyashen imenno etomu: roli karlikovyh galaktik v nashem ponimanii evolyucii galaktik vcelom.
Authors: Z. Fodor, S.D. Katz, A. Ringwald
Commets: 20 pages, 17 figures, talk given at Beyond the Desert 2002, Oulu, Finland, June 2-8, 2002
Priroda kosmicheskih luchei samyh vysokih energii neizvestna. Tak nazyvaemyi "scenarii Z-vspyshek" polagaet, chto sushestvennaya chast' takih luchei obrazuetsya pri raspade Z-bozonov, voznikayushih pri stolknoveniyah neitrino ul'travysokih energii s reliktovymi kosmologicheskimi neitrino. V rabote priveden obzor teoreticheskih i vozmozhnyh nablyudatel'nyh sledstvii dannogo scenariya.
Authors: D.R. Lorimer (JBO), F. Camilo (Columbia), P. Freire (NAIC), M. Kramer (JBO), A.G. Lyne (JBO), R.N. Manchester (ATNF) and N.D'Amico (Cagliari Observatory)
Commets: 4 pages, 1 figure, to appear in proceedings of the conference "Radio Pulsars" held in Chania, Crete, Sept 2002
Segodnya v sharovom skoplenii 47 Tukana izvestny 22 millisekundnyh radiopul'sara.
V stat'e priveden kratkii obzor ih svoistv. Opisana istoriya nablyudenii skopleniya.
Periody: vse pul'sary imeyut periody ot 2 do 8 ms. Otsutstvie pul'sarov s bOl'shimi
periodami - real'nyi effekt. Pul'sarov s periodami 1-2 ms tozhe malo i eto
ne effekt selekcii.
Dvoinye pul'sary: 68% (15 iz 22) pul'sarov vhodyat v
dvoinye sistemy. Bol'shinstvo sistem otnositsya k odnoi iz dvuh grupp -
s orbital'nym periodom 0.4-2.3d i kompan'onami s massoi ~0.4Mo
i s orbital'nymi periodami 1.5-5.5h i menee massivnym kompan'onom
(~0.2Mo).
Astrometriya: Horosho izvestny polozheniya 15 pul'sarov. Vse oni
raspolozheny ne dalee, chem v 1.2" ot centra skopleniya (eto 4 radiusa ego yadra).
Takaya koncentraciya govorit, chto pul'sary dostigli teplovogo ravnovesiya
otnositel'no dvizhenii v skoplenii.
Tablic net, no dany ssylki na original'nye raboty.
Authors: C. Vignali (1), W.N. Brandt (1), D.P. Schneider (1), G.P. Garmire (1), S. Kaspi (2) ((1) Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA; (2) School of Physics and Astronomy, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Israel)
Commets: 16 pages, 7 figures included, LaTeX emulateapj5.sty, accepted for publication by the Astronomical Journal (Feb. 2003)
Rentgenovskaya observatoriya Chandra pronablyudala 9 yarkih v optike kvazarov s (z=4.1-4.5). Kvazary byli vzyaty iz cifrovogo opticheskogo palomarskogo obzora neba (DPOSS), eto vse izvestnye kvazary s z>4 i MB ot -28.4 do -30.2. Kazhdyi iz nih nablyudalsya Chandroi 5-6 Ks. Podtverzhdena sil'naya korrelyaciya mezhdu potokom ul'trafioletovogo izlucheniya i svetimost'yu kvazara v myagkom rentgene. Net kakih-libo ukazanii na dopolnitel'noe pogloshenie (NH<8.8x1021 sm-2). at 90% confidence). In general, our results show
v obzore takzhe privedeny ROSATovskie verhnie predely (3\sigma) rentgenovskogo izlucheniya ot 45 kvazarov s z>4.
Authors: N. Padmanabhan, U. Seljak, U.L. Pen
Commets: Submitted to New Astronomy. High resolution version available at http://feynman.princeton.edu/~paddy
Kakie kosmologicheskie rezul'taty mozhno budet poluchit' na osnove eksperimentov po slabomu linzirovaniyu sleduyushego pokoleniya, v kotoryh budet izmereno poryadka 105 galaktik? Etomu voprosu posvyashen dannyi obzor. Osobyi upor delaetsya na algoritmy obrabotki kart iskazhenii i sravnenie s chislennymi (N-body) modelyami.
Authors: Joanna Mikolajewska
Commets: 15 pages, 6 figures. Invited talk presented at Euroconference "Symbiotic stars probing stellar evolution"
Obzor togo, chto my segodnya znaem o simbioticheskih zvezdah. Osobyi upor sdelan na rezul'taty, poluchennye pri odnovremennyh nablyudeniyah v neskol'kih diapazonah, i na fundamental'nye harakteristiki etih sistem. V nachale obzora rassmotrena peremennost' simbioticheskih zvezd, zatem opisany dostizheniya v izmereniyah parametrov orbit i zvezd. Rassmatrivayutsya otlichiya gigantov v simbioticheskih dvoinyh ot podobnyh odinochnyh gigantov. Drugie zatragivaemye voprosy: priroda goryachego komponenta i mehanizmy vspyshek. V obzore mnogo tablic.
Authors: Peter D. Edmonds (CfA)
Commets: 8 pages, 2 figures. To appear in New Horizons in Globular Cluster Astronomy, eds. G. Piotto, G. Meylan, G. Djorgovski, & M. Riello, ASP Conference Series
Nablyudeniya sharovyh skoplenii s Habblovskogo kosmicheskogo teleskopa i s rentgenovskogo sputnika Chandra privelo k tomu, chto v otdel'nyh skopleniyah bylo otkryto bolee 10, a v otdel'nyh sluchayah i bolee 100, rentgenovskih dvoinyh istochnikov s neitronnymi zvezdami. V etom obzore osnovnoe vnimanie udeleno obnaruzheniyu etih istochnikov, ih opticheskoi identifikacii, poisku millisekundnyh pul'sarov i malomassivnyh rentgenovskih dvoinyh v spokoinom sostoyanii.
Authors: Kailash C. Sahu (Space Telescope Science Institute) and Ronald L. Gilliland (Space Telescope Science Institute)
Commets: 34 pages, including 15 figures, Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal
Osnovnaya cel' kosmicheskogo eksperimenta "Kepler" - poisk planet u blizhaishih zvezd po izmeneniyu ih bleska v hode prohozhdeniya planety po disku zvezdy. NASA predpolagaet issledovat' bolee 100,000 zvezd spektral'nyh klassov F, G i K za 4 goda nablyudenii. Kepler smozhet poluchat' fotometriyu zvezd s tochnost'yu 90 mikro-zvezdnyh velichin (9x10-5zv.velichiny) pri 15 minutnoi ekspozicii.
Effekt mikrolinzirovaniya deistvuet v storonu protivopolozhnuyu zatmeniyu (prohozhdeniyu), t.e. ne oslablyaet, a usilivaet blesk zvezdy. No obychno dlya planet etim effektom mozhno prenebrech' - iz-za togo, chto razmer zvezdy velik i usilivaetsya (linziruetsya) izluchenie tol'ko ot nebol'shoi chasti ee poverhnosti. Drugoi prichinoi yavlyaetsya to, chto sami planety perekryvayut chast' potoka usilivaemogo izlucheniya, esli oni raspolozheny blizko k zvezde. Odnako, esli zvezda v sisteme kompaktna (v pervuyu ochered' ei mozhet byt' goryachii belyi karlik) i/ili planeta raspolozhena dostatochno daleko, to effekt mikrolinzirovaniya mozhet okazat'sya sushestvennym i dazhe perekryt' ospablenie iz-za prohozhdeniya.
Eti i blizkie k nim voprosy dostatochno podrobno i neslozhno rassmotreny v dannom obzore.
Authors: Michihiro Takami, Jeremy Bailey, Antonio Chrysostomou
Commets: 18 pages including 10 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
V stat'e predstavleny dannye nablyudeniya 28 zvezd ne dostigshih glavnoi posledovatel'nosti yuzhnogo polushariya. Podrobno rassmotreny spektral'nye svoistva etih zvezd, a takzhe okolozvezdnye struktury s razresheniem do 1-2 astronomicheskih edinic. Ochen' bogatyi fakticheskii material.
Author: John Ellis (CERN)
Commets: 12 pages, 16 eps figures, uses espcrc2.sty. Talk presented at the XIIth International Symposium on Very-High-Energy Cosmic-Ray Interactions, CERN, July 2002 Report-no: CERN-TH/2002-300
Obzor ochen' neglubokii, zato nebol'shoi po ob'emu i ohvatyvayushii bol'shoe chislo tem: spektr kosmicheskih luchei i luchi sverhvysokih energii, pervichnyi nukleosintez, anizotropiya relikta, massy i oscillyacii neitrino, supersimmetrichnye chasticy i temnaya materiya, kvantovaya gravitaciya na pankovskih masshtabah i prostranstvenno-vremennaya pena. Dlya vseh etih tem zatronuty kak teoreticheskie aspekty, tak i eksperimental'naya proverka.
Authors: Hy Trac, Ue-Li Pen
Commets: 19 pages, 9 figures; includes sample 3-D hydro code; submitted to PASP
Dostatochno podrobno razobran primer chislennogo resheniya uravnenii Eilera (uravnenii gidrodinamiki) s pomosh'yu shemy TVD (nelineinaya, 2-go poryadka). V kachestve primere rassmatrivaetsya zadacha o sil'nom vzryve (zadacha Sedova-Teilora) s izvestnym analiticheskim resheniem. Obzor budet polezen tem, kto nachinaet zanimat'sya gidrodinamicheskimi raschetami (ne tol'ko v astrofizike).
Authors: J. Sanz-Forcada (1 and 2), N. S. Brickhouse (1), and A. K. Dupree (1) ((1) Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge-MA (USA), (2) INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo, Palermo (Italy))
Commets: 45 pages, 9 figures (with 20 eps files). Accepted for its publication in ApJS
Dlya 28 zvezd (22 aktivnye dvoinye i 6 odinochnyh zvezd ili ochen' shirokih par) ustanovlena struktura koron po nablyudeniyam v predel'nom ul'trafiolete s borta observatorii EUVE. Priveden ochen' bol'shoi i podrobnyi fakticheskii material.
Authors: Marc Kamionkowski (Caltech)
Commets: Invited talk at Secrets of the B meson, XXX SLAC Summer Institute, August 2002 (SSI02), 37 pages, 13 figures. Also to appear in proceedings of ICHEP02, 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics, Amsterdam, July 2002
Pohozhe, chto dlya ob'yasneniya astrofizicheskih i kosmologicheskih rezul'tatov poslednih neskol'kih let neobhodimo privlekat' novuyu fiziku. V obzore neskol'ko razdelov. V mikrofizicheskom podrobno rassmotreny razlichnye vidy chastic, iz kotoryh mozhet sostoyat' temnaya materiya (WIMPs, supersimmetrichnye chasticy, aksiony), a takzhe registraciya etih chastic napryamuyu i po produktam raspada. V kosmologicheskom razdele opisany poslednie rezul'taty izmereniya anizotropii mikrovolnovogo fona (relikta) vklyuchaya eksperimenty BOOMERANG i ARCHEOPs. Rassmotren ryad effektov, svyazannyh s inflyaciei. Poslednii razdel posvyashen temnoi energii, kotoraya vyzyvaet uskorenie rasshireniya nashei Vselennoi.
Authors: Wayne Hu (CfCP, U Chicago)
Commets: 16 pages, 6 figures, invited review for Annals of Physics, Jan 2003; higher resolution figures at http://background.uchicago.edu/~whu/pub.html
Planiruemye na blizhaishie gody eksperimenty po issledovaniyu anizotropii kosmicheskogo mikrovolnovogo fonovogo izlucheniya budut izmeryat' ne tol'ko ego temperaturu, no i polyarizaciyu. Kakie novye rezul'taty mozhno ozhidat' ot etih eksperimentov? Kakaya novaya fizika mozhet proyavit'sya pri izmerenii polyarizacii? Kak eto svyazano s temnoi energiei i kosmologicheskim fonom gravitacionnyh voln?
Dlya chteniya obzora trebuetsya opredelennaya matematicheskaya podgotovka.
Authors: F. Quevedo
Commets: 75 pages, 29 figures, lectures delivered in January 2002 at the th RTN school on `The Quantum Structure of Spacetime and the Geometric Nature of Fundamental Interactions'', Utrecht Report-no: DAMTP-2002-128
Polnocennyi kurs lekcii (75 stranic) otrazhayushii sovremennoe sostoyanie strunnoi/brannoi kosmologii. Sudya po prostym formulam eto dostatochno populyarnyi vvodnyi kurs. No voprosy, svyazannye s inflyaciei, s D-branami i okolo 10 razlichnyh scenariev v nem rassmotreny.
Authors: A. Lazarian, Jungyeon Cho, Huirong Yan
Commets: 27 pages, 7 figures, to be published in "Recent Reaserch Developments in Astrophyics" (Research Signpost)
Po mneniyu avtorov v poslednie godu byl dostignut znachitel'nyi progress v ponimanii svoistv MGD turbulentnosti. Avtory dayut obzor etih dostizhenii i obsuzhdayut nekotorye astrofizicheskie prilozheniya.
Authors: Elena Pian
Commets: 10 pages, 8 Postscript figures, Invited Talk at the International Workshop "High Energy Blazar Astronomy"
Blazary - eto vid aktivnyh galakticheskih yader. Oni ochen' aktivny v zhestkih diapazonah (rentgen, gamma). Vremennaya i spektral'naya chuvstvitel'nost' sputnikov novogo pokoleniya ochen' vysoka, chto pozvolilo poluchit' mnogo interesnyh rezul'tatov po blazaram, o chem i idet rech' v dannom obzore.
Authors: N. Andersson
Commets: invited review article for Class Quantum Grav., 47 pages, 16 ps figures
V obzore rech' idet o neustoichivostyah v neitronnyh zvezdah (v pervuyu ochererd' v molodyh), privodyashih k izlucheniyu gravitacionnyh voln. V principe takie volny (esli povezet) mozhno zaregistrirovat' s pomosh'yu stroyashihsya interferometrov.
Authors: A. Heger et al.
Commets: 10 pages, 5 figues, to appear in Proc. "From Twilight to Highlight - The Physics of Supernovae" ESO/MPA/MPE Workshop Garching July 29 - 31, 2002
Opisyvaetsya evolyuciya massivnyh zvezd na raznyh stadiyah zhizni Vselennoi. V tom chisle t.n. zvezdy populyacii III (Pop III). Eto samye pervye zvezdy, sostoyashie iz vodoroda i geliya (pervichnyi himsostav). Obsuzhdayutsya vzryvy razlichnyh massivnyh zvezd i ostatki etih vzryvov dlya razlichnyh metallichnostei.
Authors: S. E. Woosley et al.
Commets: 10 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Proc. "From Twilight to Highlight - The Physics of Supernovae" ESO/MPA/MPE Workshop, Garching July 29 - 31
Daetsya obzor sovremennogo sostoyaniya del v izuchenii svyazi gamma-vspleskov so sverhnovymi zvezdami, a takzhe rol' dzhetov (strui) v etih processah. Rassmatrivayutsya samye raznye modeli, gde glavnuyu rol' igraet vrashenie, akkerciya na chernuyu dyru ili sverhsil'noe magnitnoe pole. Po mneniyu avtorov 99% sverhnovyh s gamma-vspleskami nikak ne svyazany, t.k. dlya gamma-vspleskov neobhodimy dovol'no ekzoticheskie usloviya.
Authors: Roger W. Romani
Commets: 7 pages, 3 figures, to appear in proceedings of the conference "Radio Pulsars" held in Chania, Crete, Sept 2002
V zametke rech' v pervuyu ochered' idet ne o teplovom, a o magnitosfernom izluchenii molodyh pul'sarov. Eto pul'siruyushee, t.e. napravlennoe izluchenie - sushestvuet puchok. Avtor pytaetsya skonstruirovat' nekuyu "edinuyu" model' (podobno opisaniyu aktivnyh yader galaktik), gde v zavisimosti ot orientacii osei pul'sara otnositel'no lucha zreniya poluchalis' by raznye spektry i krivye bleska.
Authors: I.F. Mirabel
Commets: 10 pages, 2 figures. Invited review at the IAU Symposium No.214: High Energy Processes and Phenomena in Astrophysics
Mikrokvazary - eto tesnye dvoinye sistemy s akkreciruyushimi kompaktnymi ob'ektami (po vsei vidimosti s chernymi dyrami), gde krome obychnoi v takih sluchayah aktivnosti takzhe nablyudayutsya struinye vybrosy (dzhety). Avtor (kstati, termin "mikrokvazar" prinadlezhit emu) posledovatel'no provodit analogii mezhdu mikrokvazarami i razlichnymi istochnikami vysokoenergichnogo izlucheniya. Obzor ochen' dostupen (ni odnoi formuly), i ego vsyacheski mozhno rekomendovat' vsem, vladeyushim angliiskim yazykom i interesuyushimsya sovremennoi astronomiei.
Authors: Yoshiaki Taniguchi
Commets: 10 pages, 1 figure, Invited Review Paper, To appear in The Proceedings of the IAU 8th Asian-Pacific Regional Meeting
Daetsya podrobnyi obzor vozmozhnoi svyazi mezhdu vspyshkami obrazovaniya i AYaG. Posle istoricheskogo vvedeniya avtor podrobno razbiraet korrelyaciyu mezhdu massoi chernoi dyry i massoi baldzha, obnaruzhennuyu na ochen' bol'shom nablyudatel'nom materiale. Avtor polagaet, chto svermassivnye chernye dyry mogli obrazovat'sya v rezul'tate sliyaniya kompaktnyh ob'ektov (neitronnyh zvezd i chernyh dyr), obrazovavshihsya vskore posle moshnoi vspyshki zvezdoobrazovaniya. Zatem obsuzhdaetsya vozmozhnost' obrazovaniya aktivnyh yader (kvazarov) na ochen' bol'shih krasnyh smesheniyah.
Authors: M.Turatto, S.Benetti, E.Cappellaro
Commets: 10 pages, 4 figues, to appear in Proc. "From Twilight to Highlight - The Physics of Supernovae" ESO/MPA/MPE Workshop Garching July 29 - 31, 2002
V nachale kazhetsya, chto zhenshiny delyatsya na blondinok i bryunetok. Potom zamechaesh', chto est' shatenki i voobshe ottenki. Potom vydelyaesh' krashenyh blondinok, bryunetok, shatenok i t.d. T.e. "ponimanie prihodit s opytom" .... Tak zhe i so sverhnovymi.
Do 80-h godov vydelyali dva tipa sverhnovyh. No chem bol'she nablyudali, tem bol'she ponimali, chto etogo nedostatochno. V svoem korotkom obzore avtory rasskazyvayut o mnogoobrazii sverhnovyh. Formul net, est' grafiki, krivye bleska i t.p. Nu i, konechno zhe, ssylki na original'nye raboty.
Authors: Sylvain Veilleu
Commets: 12 pages and 1 jpg-style figure; Invited introductory review, Meudon conference on Active Galactic Nuclei: from Central Engine to Host Galaxy
Szhatyi obzor bez formul, no s bol'shim kolichestvom ssylok (za poslednie 5 let po AYaG opublikovano bolee 5000 statei!!!). Rassmatrivayutsya novye nablyudatel'nye dannye (v osnovnom sputnikovye, i poluchennye v bol'shih obzorah). Obsuzhdayutsya korrelyacii vsego so vsem.
Authors: N.W. Evans
Commets: 15 pages, Invited Review for "IDM 2002: The 4th International Workshop on the Identification of Dark Matter ", eds N. Spooner, V. Kudryavtsev (World Scientific)
Obsuzhdayutsya: temnoe veshestvo v galo Galaktiki (v pervuyu ochered' barionnoe), mikrolinzirovanie, nu i v svyazi so vsem etim - belye karliki v galo. Lishnii raz mozhno ubedit'sya, chto barionnoe veshestvo ne mozhet ob'yasnit' ves' "temnyi" vklad v galo.
Authors: R.X. Xu
Commets: 8 page and no figure, IAU Symposium No.214, or at http://vega.bac.pku.edu.cn/~rxxu/publications/index_P.htm
Prostoi obzor po kvarkovym zvezdam, gde vse dovol'nl ponyatno razlozheno po polochkam.
Authors: S. T. Holland (Notre Dame)
Commets: 12 pages, 7 figures, uses econfmacros.tex, to appear in the NBSI conference proceedings for Beaming and Jets in Gamma-Ray Bursts
V stat'e dan korotkii obzor opticheskih poslesvechenii gamma-vspleskov. Rassmotrena kak klassicheskaya model' faerbola, tak i ryad al'ternativnyh modelei ("pushechnogo yadra", zaderzhannogo vzryva).
Authors: Michael F. Bode
Commets: 12 pages, 8 figures. Invited review in the Proceedings of the Conference "Classical Nova Explosions" (Sitges, May 2002), M. Hernanz and J. Jose eds., published by the American Institute of Physics Journal-ref: AIP Conference Proceedings, Volume 637, Issue 1, pp. 497-508 (2002)
Novye ne tak grandiozny kak Sverhnovye. No oni tozhe vspyhivayut, pri etih vspyshkah tozhe vybrasyvaetsya veshestvo. A kak potom evolyucioniruyut ostatki novyh? Ob etom - o teorii i o nablyudeniyah - dannyi obzor.
Authors: A. Morales
Commets: 19 pages, 6 figures, Invited Review Talk given at the XXX International Meeting on Fundamental Physics, IMFP2002, February 2002, Jaca, Spain. To appear in Nucl. Phys. B (Proc. Suppl.)
Dovol'no emkii obzor po eksperimentam, prizvannym obnaruzhit' chasticy temnoi materii. Rassmatrivayutsya detektory vseh tipov, krome kriogennyh. Poka polozhitel'nyh rezul'tatov net, krome 3-sigma signala v eksperimente DAMA (no tut eshe nado vse proveryat' pereproveryat').
Authors: C.L. Carilli
Commets: 9 pages, Elsevier Science format: 'Radio galaxies past, present future', ed. Jarvis
Posle korotkogo vvedeniya, posvyashennogo rentgenovskim nablyudeniyam blizkih radiogalaktik (Lebed' A i dr.) avtor perehodit k rezul'tatam issledovanii chetyreh dalekih ob'ektov, nablyudavshihsya na sputnike Chandra. Istochniki na bol'shih krasnyh smesheniyah okazyvayutsya nemnogo nepohozhimi na blizkie, chto svyazyvayut s bol'shim vozrastom poslednih. Obsuzhdayutsya razlichnye svoistva rentgenovskogo izlucheniya v dalekih radiogalaktikah, a takzhe ih korrelyacii s radiosvoistvami i prichiny vozniknoveniya takih svyazei.
Authors: Almudena Alonso-Herrero
Commets: 4 pages, in `AGN: from Central Engine to Host Galaxy'', ASP Conference Series, in press (Edited by S. Collin, F. Combes and I. Shlosman)
Daetsya korotkii obzor poslednih dannyh po IK nablyudeniyam blizkih
seifertovskih galaktik. Bol'shaya chast' iz nih pokazyvaet tochechnyi istochnik
v yadre. Izluchenie ot etogo istochnika peremenno v 9 sluchayah
iz 14, dlya kotoryh est' povtornye nablyudeniya. Eto govorit o nezvezdnoi
prirode izlucheniya (yasno, chto skoplenie zvezd ne mozhet dat' zametnoi
peremennosti). Avtory takzhe provodyat sravnenie IK svoistv seifertovskih
galaktik s parametrami ih zhestkogo rentgenovskogo izlucheniya i nahodyat vazhnye
korrelyacii, pozvolyayushie ispol'zovat' IK dannye dlya opredeleniya polnoi
svetimosti yadra. Veroyatno, IK svetimost' neposredstvenno svyazana s massoi
central'noi chernoi dyry.
Authors: P.L.Biermann et al
Commets: 17 pages, 10 figures
Kakie mehanizmy vyzyvayut aktivnost' chernyh dyr (BH) i kak ona mozhet proyavlyat'sya? Avtory obrashayut vnimanie, chto bol'shaya chast' elektromagnitnogo izlucheniya BH ishodit ili svyazana s dzhetami. Vtoroe, na chto oni obrashayut vnimanie - utverzhdenie, chto sliyanie galaktik privodit k sliyaniyu ih central'nyh BH. Snachala oni sblizhayutsya iz-za dinamicheskogo reniya "o zvezdy", na poslednem etape vstupayut v deistvie sily gravitacii i tut ochen' vazhnym okazyvaetsya orientaciya momentov vrasheniya BH. Ocenivaetsya effektivnost' etih processov, kak istochnikov gravitacionnyh voln. Obzor horosho illyustrirovan.
Authors: O.Czoske, J.-P. Kneib, S.Bardeau
Commets: 10 pages, 7 figures; to be published in the Proceedings of the Conference on "Matter and Energy in Clusters of Galaxies" held on April 23th-27th 2002 in Chung-Li, Taiwan; ASP Conf. Series, eds. S. Bowyer & C.-Y. Hwang
Zamechatel'nyi, prostoi i ponyatnyi malen'kii obzor, posvyashennyi tomu kak mozhno (i kak nuzhno) izuchat' skopleniya galaktik - vsemi dostupnymi na segodnya metodami. Tam zhe rassmatrivaetsya kakuyu informaciyu o skopleniyah mozhno izvlech' iz uzhe sdelannyh rentgenovskih obzorov vsego neba: XBACs, BCS i MACS. Kraine rekomenduyu.
Authors: R.X. Xu (PKU)
Commets: 9 page and no figure, The 6th pacific rim conference on steller astrophysics -- a tribute to Helmut A. Abt, or at http://vega.bac.pku.edu.cn/~rxxu/publications/index_C.htm
"Golye" strannye zvezdy - odin teoreticheski vozmozhnyh iz variantov takih zvezd, kotorye ne obladayut koroi iz obychnogo veshestva. Magnitosfera takih zvezd zapolnena elektron-pozitronnoi plazmoi. Neposredstvenno na poverhnosti zvezdy sushestvuet ochen' sil'noe elektricheskoe pole. Nikakih spektral'nyh osobennostei v ee spektre izlucheniya ne budet (t.k. otsutstvuyut iony na poverhnosti).
Authors: G.V. Domogatskii (for the Baikal collaboration)
Commets: 8 pages, 5 figures. Invited talk at the XXth International Conference on Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics (Neutrino 2002), Munich, Germany, May 25-30,2002
Eksperiment Baikal - eto podvodnyi cherenkovskii teleskop na kotorom registriruyut neitrino sverhvysokih energii i nekotorye drugie ekzoticheskie chasticy. Eksperiment dlitsya uzhe bolee 10 let. Ego sovremennomu sostoyaniyu i poluchennym rezul'tatam posvyashen dannyi obzor.
Authors: Chris L. Fryer, Daniel E. Holz, Scott A. Hughes, and Michael S. Warren
Commets: 31 pages, 9 figures, to appear in "Stellar Collapse" (Astrophysics and Space Science), edited by C. L. Fryer Report-no: NSF-KITP-02-174, LAUR-02-6960
Vse blizhe i blizhe moment, kogda s nazemnyh gravitacionnyh antenn nachnut postupat' eksperimental'nye dannye (oni uzhe est', tol'ko v nebol'shom kolichestve). I nado uspet' predskazat', chto mozhno v nih uvidet'. V etom obzore osnovnoe vnimanie obrasheno na gravitacionnye volny ot kollapsov yader sverhnovyh.
Authors: K. Hurley, R. Sari, and S. G. Djorgovski
Commets: 47 pages, 11 figures
Eto obzornaya stat'ya dlya knigi "Kompaktnye zvezdnye rentgenovskie istochniki", kotoraya vyidet v 2003 g. v izdatel'stve Kembridzhskogo universiteta. V nei opisana fenomenologiya gamma-vspleskov, teoriya ih poslesvechenii, nablyudeniya domashnih galaktik i ih interpretaciya. Kraine rekomenduyu.
Authors: Q. Daniel Wang
Commets: Based on an overview talk presented at the IAU Symposium No.214: High Energy Processes and Phenomena in Astrophysics (in press).
Samye interesnye rezul'taty, poluchennye s observatorii Chandra, pri nablyudenii blizhaishih galaktik, vklyuchaya Mlechnyi Put'. Eti nablyudeniya otvergli mnogo sushestvovavshih gipotez i otkryli celyi ryad novyh faktov. Polnuyu versiyu stat'i (postscript) s vysokokachestvennymi fotografiyami mozhno vzyat' s http://www.astro.umass.edu/~wqd/papers/talk_IAU214.ps.
Authors: A.F. Zakharov
Commets: 8 pages, 2 figures, invited talk at the XIII National Conference of Yugoslav Astronomers, October 17, 2002, Belgrade
V nachale polezno prochest' kratkoe vvedenie v mikrolinzirovanie,
predstavlennoe v stat'e A.F. Zaharova. Zdes' opisyvayutsya teoreticheskie
osnovy yavleniya, a takzhe privodyatsya osnovnye dostignutye na nastoyashii moment
rezul'taty.
Authors: Bing Zhang, Peter Meszaros, Junfeng Wang
Commets: 10 pages, Review talk at IAU Symposium 214 `High energy processes and phenomena in astrophysics'', 6-10 August, 2002, Suzhou. To appear in the proceedings (eds. X.-D. Li, Z.-R. Wang & V. Trimble)
Nazvanie govorit samo za sebya. Obzornyi doklad na 214 simpoziume MAS posvyashen poslednim rezul'tatam v issledovanii gamma-vspleskov. Osoboe vnimanie udeleno budushim proektam po nablyudeniyu poslesvecheniya v ochen' zhestkom diapazone. Rassmatrivayutsya razlichnye modeli vspleskov.
Authors: Bing Zhang
Commets: 8 pages, Invited talk at the Sixth Pacific Rim Conference on Stellar Astrophysics, a tribute to Helmut A. Abt, July 11-17, 2002, Xi'an. To appear in the proceedings (eds. K. S. Cheng, K. C. Leung & T. P. Li)
Nedostayushim zvenom avtor schitaet otsutstvie pryamyh nablyudatel'nym svidetel'stv v pol'zu togo, chto chast' energetiki magnitarov ob'yasnyaetsya zamedleniem. Avtor podrobno razbiraet vozmozhnye istochniki energii magnitarov (istochnikov myagkih povtoryayushihsya gamma-vspleskov i anomamal'nyh rentgenovskih pul'sarov).
Stat'ya takzhe prosto yavlyaetsya horoshim kratkim opisanie togo, chto takoe istochniki myagkih povtoryayushihsya gamma-vspleskov i anomamal'nye rentgenovskie pul'sary.
Authors: P. Kahabka
Commets: 12 pages, To appear in Compact Stellar X-Ray Sources, eds. W.H.G. Lewin and M. van der Klis, Cambridge University Press
Obzor po sverhmyagkim istochnikam. Eto rentgenovskie istochniki s temperaturoi okolo 100 000 - 1 000 000 K, i svetimost'yu 1036-1038 erg/s. Oni byli otkryty v 80-e gg. Eto tesnye dvoinye sistemy, gde akkreciruyushim ob'ektom po vsei vidimosti yavlyayutsya belye karliki. Opisyvayutsya nablyudatel'nye dannye po izvestnym sistemam dannogo tipa, a takzhe rassmatrivayutsya fizicheskie processy, proishodyashie v nih.
Authors: M. S. Oey
Commets: 10 pp., uses kluwer.cls. Invited Review to appear in "From Observations to Self-Consistent Modelling of the ISM in Galaxies, eds. M. A. de Avillez & D. Breitschwerdt, JENAM 2002 WS-ISM, (Kluwer) Ap&SS, in press
Veter ot molodyh zvezd i chastye vspyshki sverhnovyh, soprovozhdayushie burnoe zvezdoobrazovanie, okazyvayut sil'noe vliyanie na dinamiku i strukturu mezhzvezdnoi sredy. Avtor rassmatrivaet model', opisyvayushuyu eto vliyanie, a takzhe daet kratkii obzor po dannoi teme.
Sm. takzhe astro-ph/0212052
Authors: Christopher S.Reynolds, Michael A.Nowak
Commets: 103 pages, 21 figures. Review article, accepted for publication in Physics Reports
Fakticheski eto kniga.Avtory podrobneishim obrazom razbirayut, kak po nablyudeniyam fluorescentnyh linii mozhno provodit' detal'nuyu diagnostiku akkreciruyushih chernyh dyr v tesnyh dvoinyh sistemah i v yadrah galaktik.
Authors: W.N. Brandt et al.
Commets: 10 pages; in New X-ray Results from Clusters of Galaxies and Black Holes (Oct 2002; Houston, TX), eds. C. Done, E.M. Puchnarewicz, M.J. Ward, Advances in Space Research, submitted; list of z > 4 X-ray detections available from http://www.astro.psu.edu/users/niel/papers/papers.html
Daetsya obzor rentgenovskih nablyudenii sverhmassivnyh chernyh dyr v yadrah galaktik na bol'shih krasnyh smesheniyah (z > 4).
Authors: Bryan Gaensler
Commets: 10 pages, 3 embedded EPS figures, 3 JPG figures, uses cospar.sty. Invited review to appear in "High Energy Studies of Supernova Remnants and Neutron Stars" (COSPAR 2002), Advances in Space Research, in press. PS version with all figures embedded available at http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~bgaensler/preprints/0212086.ps
Anomal'nye rentgenovskie pul'sary (ARP) i istochniki myagkih povtoryayushihsya gamma-vspleskov (MPG) po vsei vidimosti yavlyayutsya molodymi odinochnymi sil'nozamagnichennymi neitronnymi zvezdami. Znachit, mozhno ozhidat', chto oni budut nahodit'sya vnutri ili v neposredstvennoi blizosti ostatkov sverhnovyh. Odnako, tut ne vse tak prosto. Rasstoyaniya izmeryayutsya ne ochen' horosho, vozrasta - eshe huzhe. My vse vidim v proekcii na nebesnuyu sferu. A potomu v kazhdom konkretnom sluchae vopros o real'nosti svyazi mezhdu neitronnoi zvezdoi i ostatkom sverhnovoi trebuet podrobnogo razbiratel'stva (i vse ravno zachastuyu ostayutsya somneniya). V nebol'shom obzore avtor detal'no razbiraet etu problemu. Po vsei vidimosti ARP yavno pokazyvayut svyaz' s ostatkami, a vot MPG - net. Avtor vyskazyvaet gipotezu, chto eto mozhet byt' svyazano s tem, chto poslednie obrazovalis' v rezul'tate vzryvov bolee massivnyh zvezd.
Authors: David Maurin et al.
Commets: 53 pages, review paper. to appear in Research Signposts, "Recent Research Developments in Astrophysics"
Bol'shoi obzor po kosmicheskim lucham, tochnee po ih yadernoi sostavlyayushei. Obsuzhdaetsya problema antimaterii (antiprotony i t.d.) v kosmicheskih luchah.
Sm. takzhe dve bol'shie vzaimosvyazannye raboty teh zhe avtorov po galakticheskim kosmicheskim lucham astro-ph/0212112 i astro-ph/0212113.
Authors: Dong Lai
Commets: Conference proceedings; to be published in "Radio Pulsars" (ASP Conf. Ser.), ed. M. Bailes, D. Nice, & S. Thorsett. 7 pages
My ploho znaem: kak vzryvayutsya sverhnovye. Sootvetstvenno, my ploho predstavlyaem svoistva novorozhdennyh kompaktnyh ob'ektov, naprimer, neitronnyh zvezd. Avtor daet spisok nereshennyh problem, osobenno podrobno obsuzhdaya problemu skorostei otdachi (kick velocity) neitronnyh zvezd. Prostoi ponyatnyi obzorchik.
Authors: G. Boudoul & A. Barrau
Commets: Proceedings of the International Conference on Theoretical Physics (TH2002), to appear in Annales Henri Poincare
Malen'kie chernye dyry obrazuyutsya na rannih etapah evolyucii Vselennoi, esli perepady plotnosti togda byli dostatochno veliki. V etoi stat'e priveden obzor poslednih dostizhenii v etoi oblasti. Rassmotreny voprosy poiska takih chernyh dyr (cherez kosmicheskie i gamma-luchi), ispol'zovaniya pervichnyh chernyh dyr dlya izucheniya Vselennoi na ochen' malyh kosmologicheskih shkalah (v ochen' rannem vozraste). V konce rassmotreny nekotorye effekty "novoi fiziki" - vliyanie vysshih izmerenii na obrazovanie pervichnyh chernyh dyr.
Author: Joseph Katz (The Racah Institute of Physics, Jerusalem, Israel.)
Commets: 35 pages,6 figures
"Nulevym" zakonom termodinamiki yavlyaetsya utverzhdenie, chto termodinamicheskii podhod mozhet primenyat'sya tol'ko k sistemam u kotoryh est' sostoyanie ravnovesiya. A u samogravitiruyushih (gravitacionno-svyazannyh) sistem ego net - v gravitacionnuyu potencial'nuyu yamu (kak i v dolgovuyu) mozhno padat' beskonechno dolgo. Odnako nablyudayushiesya galaktiki i sharovye skopleniya vyglyadyat dostatochno ravnovesnymi. Poetomu postoyanno delayutsya popytki tak modificirovat' klassicheskuyu termodinamiku, chtoby ona mogla primenyat'sya i k zvezdnym skopleniyam. Etomu i posvyashen dannyi obzor ili, skoree, uchebnyi kurs.
Authors: Joseph Silk
Commets: 22 pages, Plenary talk at TH-2002, UNESCO, Paris, July 22-26, 2002, to be published in Annales Henri Poincar\'e
Dovol'no podrobno (naskol'ko eto vozmozhno v 20-ti stranichnom obzore) so mnozhestvom ssylok opisyvaetsya otkrytie reliktovogo izlucheniya, sootvetstvuyushaya teoriya, a takzhe obsuzhdaetsya razvitie etoi oblasti. Seichas issledovaniya relikta - ochen' goryachaya tema. No nado toropit'sya, na 21-m tehasskom simpoziume (Florenciya, 9-13 dekabrya) bylo vyskazano rezonnoe mnenie, chto posle sputnika Plank potok dannyh po fonovomu izlucheniyu mozhet byt' nadolgo ischerpan....
O polyarizacii reliktovogo izlucheniya sm. stat'i "The large-scale polarization of the microwave background and foreground" astro-ph/0212419, "CMB Polarization at Large Angular Scales: Data Analysis of the POLAR Experiment" astro-ph/0212425.
Authors: H.-Th. Janka et al.
Commets: 34 pages; 11 figures. Review for ore Collapse of Massive Stars'', Ed. C.L. Fryer, Kluwer, Dordrecht
Podrobnyi kriticheskii obzor po mehanizmam vspyshek sverhnovyh. Rassmatrivayutsya vzryvy massivnyh zvezd. Zdes' sushestvuet eshe mnozhestvo nereshennyh problem (hotya, est' i drugie mneniya, Virdzhiniya Trimbl v svoem doklade na tehasskom simpoziume skazala, chto na ee vzglyad v celom problema reshena - ostalos' utochnit' detali). Tem ne menee, sformirovalas' "standartnaya kartina", kotoraya, pravda, mozhet eshe ochen' sil'no izmenit'sya. Avtory opisyvayut detal'nye dvumernye raschety i dayut sootvetstvuyushii background.
Sm. takzhe bolee korotkie obzory teh zhe avtorov: astro-ph/0212316 i astro-ph/0212317, i stat'yu "The Status of Core-collapse Supernova Simulations" astro-ph/0212438.
Authors: Ofer Lahav
Commets: Invited review at the XVIIIth IAP meeting the Nature of Dark Energy'; Paris 2002; 10 pages (2 figures included)
V poslednie gody vozros potok nablyudatel'nyh dannyh v kosmologii. Sredi prochego prisutstvuyut bol'shie obzory krasnyh smeshenii (Sloanovskii obzor, 2dF - dvuhgradusnyi obzor i dr.). V obzore Lahav rassmatrivaet vopros ob opredelenii parametrov temnoi energii po etim dannym. Suhoi ostatok takov: sami po sebe dannye obzorov ne dayut vozmozhnosti opredeleniya uravneniya sostoyaniya temnoi energii, no vmeste s drugimi dannymi (relikt i dr.) uzhe seichas dayut vazhnye verhnie predely, kotorye v budushem mogut byt' sushestvenno uluchsheny.
Authors: V.S.Beskin
Commets: full version, in "Accretion Disks, Jets, and High Energy Phenomena Astrophysics", Proceedings of Session LXXVIII of Les Houches Summer School, Chamonix, France, August 2002, F.Menard, G. Pelletier, G.Henri, V. Beskin, and J. Dalibard eds. (EDP Science: Paris and Springer: Berlin), in preparation
Uravnenie Greda-Shafranova (Grad-Shafranov) pozvolyayut reshat' ochen' mnogie stacionarye osesimmetrichnye zadachi. Odno iz polei ih prilozhenii - gidrodinamika, v tom chisle i v ramkah obshei teorii otnositel'nosti, t.e. vblizi kompaktnyh zvezd i chernyh dyr. Etomu i posvyashen dannyi kurs lekcii (eto deistvitel'no kurs - bolee 50 stranic). Vsem zhelayushim razobrat'sya posvyashaetsya.
Authors: Xiaomin Wang et al.
Commets: Combined CMB data, window and covariance matrix for January "MAP vs World" contest at http://www.hep.upenn.edu/~max/cmblsslens.html or from xiaomin@hep.upenn.edu
Sputnik MAP uzhe letaet i sobiraet dannye. V sleduyushem godu poyavyatsya pervye rezul'taty, a potomu narod podvodit itogi. V obzore daetsya svodka opredelenii osnovnyh kosmologicheskih parametrov po dannym razlichnyh nablyudenii, a takzhe perechislyayutsya osnovnye problemy, sushestvuyushie v nablyudatel'noi kosmologii (kak-to "problema sigma-8").
Authors:Christopher J. Conselice
Commets: Invited Review, 10 pages, to appear in "Galactic Dynamics", JENAM 2002
Bylo i est' mnogo teorii obrazovaniya galaktik. Odnako, yasno, chto poslednee slovo za nablyudatelyami. V obzore summiruetsya nashe znanie ob obrazovanii massivnyh galaktik s tochki zreniya sovremennyh nablyudenii. Seichas est' dannye ob obrazovanii galaktik na z > 2. Na osnovanii etih rezul'tatov avtor delaet vyvod o tom, chto tol'ko ierarhicheskaya model' mozhet v nastoyashii moment ob'yasnit' vsyu sovokupnost' dannyh.
Authors: A. Goldwurm
Commets: 9 pages, including 8 figures, submitted 15 July 2002, to appear in the proceedings of the XXII Moriond Astrophysics Meeting "The Gamma-Ray Universe" (March 9-16, 2002, Les Arcs, France), eds. A. Goldwurm, D. Neumann, and J. Tran Thanh Van, World Publisher (The Gioi), Hanoi (Vietnam)
Daetsya obzor nablyudenii chernyh dyr v dvoinyh sistemah s pomosh'yu sputnikov SIGMA/GRANAT, Compton-GRO, Beppo-SAX i Rossi-XTE. Obsuzhdaetsya, chto smogut uvidet' ot etih ob'ektov takie proekty kak INTEGRAL, SWIFT, AGILE i GLAST.
Authors: Edward Witten
Commets: 10 pp, lecture at Sackler Colloquium on Challenges to the Standard Paradigm
"Papa teorii strun" rasskazyvaet o teorii strun. Uzhe poetomu stoit pochitat'. Stat'ya korotkaya i populyarnaya. Poetomu pereskazyvat' ne budem. Chitaite!
Authors: Simon P. Driver, Roberto De Propris
Commets: 10 pages, Invited Review for the JENAM2002 Galaxy Evolution Workshop (Publ: Kluwer)
Daetsya nebol'shoi obzor nablyudenii funkcii svetimosti galaktik: ot Mestnoi gruppy do bol'shih odnorodnyh vyborok. Pokazano, chto vcelom v skopleniyah funkciya svetimosti ne otlichaetsya ot srednei. Lish' v samyh central'nyh oblastyah est' otkloneniya.
Authors: Mario Hamuy (OCIW)
Commets: 26 pages, 15 figures, Review for `Core Collapse of Massive Stars'', Ed. C.L. Fryer, Kluwer, Dordrecht
Daetsya podrobnyi i ponyatnyi obzor svoistv sverhnovyh, gde, kak polagayut, imel mesto kollaps yadra massivnoi zvezdy (tipy II, Ib,c). Avtor obrashaet osoboe vnimanie na to, chto pri vsem raznoobrazii nablyudatel'nyh proyavlenii svoistva etogo fenomena menyayutsya nepreryvno i, sledovatel'no, mehanizm vzryva u vseh sverhnovyh etogo klassa dolzhen byt' odinakov. Sm. takzhe nizhe astro-ph/0301107.
Authors: Lawrence M. Krauss
Commets: 20 pages, To appear in Proceedings, ESO-CERN-ESA Symposium on Astronomy, Cosmology and Fundamental Physics, March 2002
Nazvanie govorit samo za sebya. Obzor sovremennyh nablyudenii kosmologicheskih parametrov, a takzhe sledstvii, kotorye iz etogo vytekayut. Formul malo, i oni prostye.
Sm. takzhe stat'yu " Cosmological Parameters: Fashion and Facts" astro-ph/0301137.
Authors: Mairi Sakellariadou
Commets: Invited lectures in the NATO ASI / COSLAB (ESF) School `Patterns of symmetry breaking'', September 2002 (Cracow). 28 pages
Sovremennye nablyudeniya isklyuchayut vozmozhnost' dominirovaniya topologicheskih defektov (kosmicheskih strun) v ob'yasnenii ryada problem kosmologii. Odnako, teriya razvita, a zakryt' effekt na 100 procentov trudno. Avtor (posle horoshego vvedeniya) rassuzhdaet, gde eshe v kosmologii mozhno primenit' kosmicheskie struny tak, chtoby eto ne protivorechilo sovremennym nablyudatel'nym dannym.
Author: David Langlois (GReCO/IAP, Paris)
Commets: 8 pages; Review talk in the XXXVIIth Rencontres de Moriond, "The Cosmological Model", Les Arcs, France, March 2002
Kosmologiya vo Vselennoi-na-Brane (Cosmology in a brane-universe)
Author: David Langlois (GReCO/IAP, Paris)
Commets: 12 pages; Invited review talk at the JENAM 2002 workshop on "The cosmology of extra dimensions and varying fundamental constants", Porto, Portugal, September 2002
Dve pohozhie obzornye zametki molodogo (i ochen' citiruemogo) francuzskogo teoretika o roli "lishnih" izmerenii v sovremennoi kosmologii. Nesmotrya na kratkost' i obzornyi harakter stat'i ne yavlyayutsya legkimi dlya chteniya (dlya nespecialista kosmologa ili fizika-teoretika). Avtor rassmatrivaet kosmologicheskii scenarii dlya Vselennoi na brane v 5-mernom prostranstve i pokazyvaet kakie osobennosti pri etom voznikayut.
Otmetim otsutstvie (naskol'ko nam izvestno) horoshego populyarnogo izlozheniya brannoi kosmologii na russkom yazyke (est' tol'ko dovol'no slozhnaya stat'ya Rubakova v UFN).
Authors: H. J. de Vega, N. Sanchez
Commets: LaTex, 15 pages, 2 .ps figures. Based on lectures at the Fourth International Workshop on ew Worlds in Astroparticle Physics' in Faro, Portugal and at the SOWG EUSO meeting, Roma, Italia
Top-down eto kogda kosmicheskie luchi sverhvysokih energii ob'yasnyayut ne s pomosh'yu kakogo-to mehanizma uskoreniya (v aktivnyh yadrah galaktik, pri sliyaniyah neitronnyh zvezd, pri gamma-vspleskah i t.p. - eto kak raz Bottom-up), a s pomosh'yu raspada ekzoticheskih elementarnyh chastic. Avtory sravnivayut dva podhoda i golosuyut za Bottom-up.
Authors: Guenther Hasinger
Commets: 13 pages, 6 figures, review to appear in "High Energy Processes and Phenomena in Astrophysics, IAU Symposium 214, X. Li, Z. Wang, V. Trimble (eds)
Rech' idet o nablyudeniyah dalekih vnegalakticheskih ob'ektov (vnosyashih osnovnoi vklad v rentgenovskii fon) i mezhgalakticheskoi plazmy na novyh rentgenovskih observatoriyah. Teplyi i goryachii mezhgalakticheskii gaz v skopleniyah galaktik, parametry veshestva v centrah galaktik i ih skoplenii, linzirovannye rentgenovskie izobrazheniya, spektry i himicheskih sostav kvazarov, zhestkii fon, kotoryi bolee vsego pohozh na izluchenie nerazreshennyh akkreciruyushih chernyh dyr i koe-chto eshe, i vse eto na vsego lish' na 13 stranicah. Krome opisaniya novyh rezul'tatov (i togo, pochemu oni vazhny i interesny) avtor daet kratkie opisaniya kazhdogo sputnika.
Authors: P. Haensel
Commets: 35 pages, 11 figures, uses eas.cls, to be published in `Final Stages of Stellar Evolution'', edts. J.-M. Hameury and C. Motch, EAS Publications Series (EDP Sciences, 2003)
Teoretikov mnogo, a priroda odna.... Uravnenie sostoyaniya dolzhno byt' edinstvennym, no poka net dostatochno detal'nyh nablyudatel'nyh dannyh. A potomu sushestvuet mnozhestvo modelei, o kotoryh i rasskazyvaetsya v stat'e.
Authors: S. Pustilnik, A.Kniazev, A. Pramskij, A. Ugryumov
Commets: 4 pages, 3 figures. To appear in the proceedings of Euroconference "The evolution of galaxies. III. From simple approaches to self-consistent models" Kiel, Germany, July 2002
Rossiiskie nablyudateli dayut korotkii obzor issledovanii (v osnovnom sobstvennyh) galaktik s ekstremal'no nizkim soderzhaniem metallov.
Authors: F.P. Gavriil, V.M. Kaspi, P.M. Woods
Commets: 10 pages, 7 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the 34th Cospar Scientific Assembly
Avtory dayut obzor svoih nablyudenii i obrabotki arhivnyh dannyh po anomal'nym rentgenovskim pul'saram. Osoboe vnimanie udeleno povedeniyu proizvodnoi perioda na bol'shih vremennyh otrezkah, a takzhe vspyshkam v rentgenovskom diapazone (kotorye rodnyat ARP s MPG).
Authors: Mordecai-Mark Mac Low, Ralf S. Klessen
Commets: Invited review for "Reviews of Modern Physics", 86 pages, 33 figures. This is the first draft. Comments and suggestions are very welcome, please contact mordecai@amnh.org or rklessen@aip.de
Klassicheskoe (Dzhinsovskoe) uslovie nachala kollapsa protozvezdnogo oblaka vyvoditsya iz balansa energii. No sreda iz kotoroi obrazuyutsya zvezdy ochen' sil'no turbulizovana. I avtory predlagayut "novuyu paradigmu" soprovozhdaya ee etoi knigoi. Rabota mne kazhetsya ochen' interesnoi i poleznoi, no ona, bezuslovno, prednaznachena dlya specialistov - astronomov, fizikov, gidrodinamikov.
Authors: Massimo Turatto
Commets: 16 Pages, 4 figures, to be published in "Supernovae and Gamma-Ray Bursters," ed. Kurt W. Weiler
Opisyvaetsya sovremennaya klassifikaciya sverhnovyh.
Vo mnogom stat'ya pereklikaetsya s
astro-ph/0301006,
potomu luchshe chitat' ih vmeste (vozmozhno takzhe budet interesno posmotret'
nedavnii obzor po mehanizmam vzryvov massivnyh zvezd
astro-ph/0212314 i sverhnovyh tipa Ia
astro-ph/0212530).
miniobzor
astro-ph/0301125
Processy rentgenovskogo izlucheniya v dzhetah, "ushah" i goryachih pyatnah
(X-ray Emission Processes in Extragalactic Jets, Lobes and Hot Spots)
Authors: Andrew S. Wilson
Commets: 6 pages, To be published in the proceedings of the Bologna
conference `The
Physics of Relativistic Jets in the Chandra and XMM Era'', New Astronomy
Review
Obzor fizicheskih processov, otvetstvennyh za rentgenovskoe izluchenie radiodzhetov i soputstvuyushih yavlenii.
Authors: Arthur Kosowsky
Commets: 11 pages, to appear in "The Emergence of Cosmic Structure," Proceedings of the 13th Annual Astrophysics Conference in Maryland, eds. S. Holt and C. Reynolds, AIP Press, 2003
Nablyudeniya reliktovogo izlucheniya uzhe seichas yavlyayutsya odnim iz vazhneishih (samym vazhnym?) istochnikom nashih kosmologicheskih znanii. A v nedalekom budushem ozhidaetsya novyi vitok progressa v etoi oblasti. Avtor rassuzhdaet ob etom nedalekom budushem i opisyvaet planiruemyi eksperiment ACT.
Sm. takzhe "What can we learn on the thermal history of the Universe from future CMB spectrum measures at long wavelengths?" astro-ph/0301133.
Authors: F. Halzen
Commets: Latex2.09, uses crckapb.sty (included), 31 pages, 13 postscript figures placed with epsfig.sty. Talk presented at the 9th Course of Astrofundamental Physics, International School of Astrophysics D. Chalonge, Palermo, Sicily, Sept. 2002
Obzor po sovremennoi astronomii neitrino vysokih energii s sootvetstvuyushim istoricheskim vvedeniem. Mnogo vnimaniya udelyaetsya sovremennym eksperimentam - AMANDA, DUMAND, IceCube. Obzor horosho proillyustrirovan, naprimer, tak vyglyadit spektr zhestogo fona fotonov na energiyah vyshe 1 GeV.
Authors: M. Kramer (Manchester University, Jodrell Bank), O. Loehmer, A. Karastergiou (MPIfR Bonn)
Commets: 4 pages,to appear in "Radio Pulsars" (ASP Conf. Ser.), eds. M. Bailes, D. Nice, & S. Thorsett
V ochen' korotkoi stat'e sobrany sovremennye dannye po geodezicheskoi precessii neitronnoi zvezdy (precessii v iskrivlennom tyagoteniem prostranstve-vremeni) v Hals-Teilorovskom dvoinom pul'sare (eta sistema byla otkryta pervoi i nablyudaetsya dol'she vseh ostal'nyh).
Authors: David H. Weinberg, Romeel Dav'e, Neal Katz, Juna A. Kollmeier
Commets: 13 pages, to appear in "The Emergence of Cosmic Structure," Proceedings of the 13th Annual Astrophysics Conference in Maryland, eds. S. Holt and C. Reynolds, AIP Press, 2003
Laiman-al'fa les - eto nabor spektral'nyh linii (pogloshenie) v spektre dalekogo vnegalakticheskogo ob'ekta, poyavlyayushiisya za schet veshestva na luche zreniya. Kvazar (ili galaktika) "prosvechivaet" vselennuyu, i my mozhem poluchat' vazhnuyu informaciyu o raspredelenii veshestva, kotorye drugimi metodami chasto neobnaruzhimo. V stat'e opisyvaetsya dannyi metod kosmologicheskih issledovanii. Avtory privodyat bol'shoi (dlya korotkogo obzora) spisok literatury. Tak chto zhelayushie mogut prodolzhit' chtenie, ispol'zuya uzhe original'nye stat'i.
Authors: Paolo Lipari
Commets: Summary talk at the XII ISVHECRI (Inernational Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions). 16 pages, 9 figures
Istoriya izucheniya kosmicheskih luchei dlitsya uzhe vek, pri etom nekotorye ochen' vazhnye voprosy ne imeyut otvetov. Perspektivy blizhaishego desyatiletiya vpechatlyayut. Krome sovremennyh i planiruemyh eksperimentov v obzore rassmatrivaetsya vklad v astrofiziku kosmicheskih luchei, kotoryi mogut dat' pryamye izmereniya na uskoritele LHC v Cerne.
Author: Alan H. Guth
Commets: 13 pages, including 4 figures, LaTeX 2.09, attached style file AATS2.sty required. Review talk given at "Astrophysical Ages and Time Scales," Hilo, Hawaii, 5-9 February 2001. The paper has already been published
Journal-ref: Astrophysical Ages and Time Scales," Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 245, pp. 3-17 (2001)
Odin iz osnovopolozhnikov teorii inflyacii dovol'no populyarno pishet o svoei tematike. V principe nichego novogo, no pochitat' priyatno. Krome togo, postroeny nekotorye prostye grafiki, kotorye polezno imet' pered glazami, razmyshlyaya o raznyh modelyah.
Authors: J.A. de Freitas Pacheco et al.
Commets: 59 pages, 9 figures, Recent Research Developments in Astronomy and Astrophysics, in press, ps and pdf versions with higher resolution figures are also available at: http://www.obs-nice.fr/peirani/elliptical.html
Bol'shoi obzor po ellipticheskim galaktikam. Dannaya tema imeet otnoshenie kak (estestvenno) k fizike galaktik, tak i k zvezdnoi kinematike, kosmologii (obrazovanie struktur vo Vselennoi), astrofizike sverhmassivnyh chernyh dyr i t.d. Avtory privodyat mnogo fakticheskih dannyh.
Author: Andre Maeder, Georges Meynet
Commets: 10 pages, 13 figures, IAU Symp. 215 `Stellar Rotation'', A. Maeder and P. Eenens eds., ASP Conf Ser. in press
Lidery zhenevskoi gruppy po izucheniyu zvezdnoi evolyucii dayut korotkii obzor vliyaniya effektov vrasheniya na zhiznennyi put' massivnyh zvezd. Oni okazyvayutsya dovol'no sushestvennymi. Prichem, chem nizhe metallichnost', tem vazhnee vrashenie. Eto okazyvaetsya vazhnym seichas v svyazi s vozrosshim interesom k zvezdam PopIII - samym pervym zvezdam, kotorye voznikli iz veshestva, pochti svobodnogo ot tyazhelyh elementov, a zatem, vzorvavshis' kak sverhnovye, obogatili nash mir elementami ot ugleroda do zheleza (i dal'she do urana).
Sm. takzhe stat'yu "The effects of rotation on Wolf--Rayet stars and on the production of primary nitrogen by intermediate mass stars" astro-ph/0301287.
Authors: Robin Ciardullo
Commets: 21 pages, Invited review at the International Workshop on "Stellar Candles for the Extragalactic Distance Scale", held in Concepcion, Chile
Izvestna problema "standartnyh svechei". Pro cefeidy (o nih sm. svezhayushuyu rabotu "Calibration of the Distance Scale from Cepheids" astro-ph/0301291) i sverhnovye Ia znayut vse, a vot pro planetarnye tumannosti navernyaka net. Potomu budet nebezinteresno prosmotret' podrobnyi obzor po opredeleniyu rasstoyanii do vnegalakticheskih ob'ektov po nablyudeniyam planetarnyh tumannostei.
Sm. takzhe stat'yu "The Latest Version of the Standardized Candle Method for Type II Supernovae" astro-ph/0301281 po opredeleniyu rasstoyanii po sverhnovym II tipa.
Author: P. Hoeflich, C. Gerardy, E. Linder & H. Marion
Commets: 25 pages, to be published in "Stellar Candles", eds. Gieren et al. Lecture Notes in Physics ( http://link.springer.de/series/lnpp)
Obzor po sverhnovym tipa Ia i ih kosmologicheskim prilozheniyam.
Tri stat'i po sverhnovym i vzaimodeistviyu sverhnovyh s okruzhayushei sredoi
Authors: A. Jorissen, M. Dedecker, B. Plez, D. Gillet, A. Fokin
Commets: 8 pages, 6 figures. To appear in 'Journees Miras 2002', edited by M.O. Mennessier et al., Universite de Montpellier-II (2003). Also available at http://www-astro.ulb.ac.be/Html/ps.html#Tomo
Korrelyaciya spektra zvezdy s cifrovoi maskoi sinteticheskogo spektra pozvolyaet vydelit' v ee atmosfere sloi s povyshennoi svetimost'yu i/ili plotnost'yu. Metod pozvolyaet obnaruzhivat' udarnye fronty v atmosfere. Obsuzhdayutsya rezul'taty poluchennye dlya peremennyh zvezd RT Cyg i RY Cep otnosyashihsya k Miridam.
Authors: Roger A. Chevalier
Commets: 10 pages, to appear in Proc. "From Twilight to Highlight - The Physics of Supernovae" ESO/MPA/MPE Workshop, Garching July 2002
Sverhnovye vzryvayutsya ne v pustote. Vo-pervyh est' mezhzvezdnoe veshestvo, a
vo-vtoryh massivnaya zvezda imeet moshnyi veter.
T.o. dlya togo, chtoby ponyat', kak formiruyutsya ostatki sverhnovyh, neobhodimo
uchityvat' "blizhaishee okruzhenie" vzryvayusheisya zvezdy.
V nebol'shom obzore avtor rassmatrivaet razlichnye tipy sverhnovyh, svyazannye
s massivnymi zvezdami s tochki zreniya ih vzaimodeistviya s okolozvezdnym
veshestvom.
Authors: S. E. Woosley, A. Heger
Commets: 12 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Proc. IAU 215 "Stellar Rotation"
Raschety sverhnovyh stanovyatsya vse bolee i bolee prodvinutymi.
Teper' v standartnoi modeli vzryva nauchilis' uchityvat' vrashenie.
Ob etom i idet rech' v dannom korotkom obzore. Takzhe rassmatrivaetsya svyaz'
sverhnovyh s gamma-vspleskami.
Authors: Volker Bromm, Abraham Loeb
Commets: 11 pages, invited contribution to Proc. of 13th Annual October Astrophysics Conference in Maryland, "The Emergence of Cosmic Structure", College Park, October 2002, version with full resolution Figs. at http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~vbromm/REVIEW/
Nebol'shoi obzor po obrazovaniyu pervyh zvezd i kvazarov vo Vselennoi. Nikakih pryamyh nablyudatel'nyh dannyh o samyh pervyh ob'ektah net, poetomu rassuzhdeniya ob otlichiyah nachal'noi funkcii mass zvezd "togda" i "teper'", a takzhe mnogie drugie voprosy nosyat teoreticheskii harakter. Odnako, mozhno skazat', chto v poslednee vremya issledovaniya v etoi oblasti prodvinulis' vpered. Poetomu obzor dovol'no aktualen.
Authors: A. Ringwald (DESY)
Commets: 8 pages, 4 figures, ws-procs9x6.cls; talk presented at the Workshop on Strong and Electroweak Matter (SEWM 2002), October 2-5, 2002, Heidelberg, Germany Report-no: DESY 03-005
Obnaruzhenie takih neitrino - nedostizhimaya mechta celogo pokoleniya astrofizikov (i fizikov). Odin iz putei - Z-rezonans - vzaimodeistvie (annigilyaciya) neitrino sverhvysokih energii (~1022 eV) s sootvetstvuyushimi reliktovymi antichasticami. Sushestvovanie takogo processa mozhet byt' obnaruzheno po "linii poglosheniya" v spektre neitrino na samyh vysokih energiyah (vblizi GZK-zavala).
Authors: Claudia Maraston
Commets: Invited review at the ESO workshop `Extra-galactic globular cluster systems", August 2002, eds. M. Kissler-Patig, 12 pages
Ochen' chasto zvezdnye sistemy (galaktiki, skopleniya) izuchayut po ih integral'nym harakteristikam. V takoi situacii nezamenimym okazyvaetsya populyacionnyi sintez. Sut' metoda zaklyuchaetsya v modelirovanii populyacii zvezd. Parametry otdel'nyh ob'ektov detal'no ne rasschityvayutsya (oni i ne proyavlyayutsya v nablyudeniyah), zato udaetsya bolee-menee horosho opisat' parametry sistemy v celom. V korotkom obzore privoditsya istoriya razvitiya metoda, a takzhe rassmatrivayutsya nekotorye naibolee prostye modeli.
Authors: Yong-Zhong Qian
Commets: 47 pages including 11 figures, invited review to appear in Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics
Odna iz samyh vazhnyh problem, rassmatrivaemyh v shkol'nom kurse astronomii - eto proishozhdenie elementov. Otnyud' ne dlya vseh yavlyaetsya ochevidnym tot fakt, chto fakticheski kazhdyi atom nashego tela (krome, mozhet byt', vodoroda) kogda-to pobyval v nedrah zvezdy. Raznye elementy obrazuyutsya v razlichnyh processah. V obzore rassmatrivaetsya t.n. r-process - process bystrogo (rapid) neitronnogo zahvata (est' eshe medlennyi - slow - s-process). Obzor dovol'no bol'shoi i podrobnyi. Privoditsya massa ssylok na original'nye i obzornye raboty.
Sm. takzhe "Stellar Sources for Heavy r-Process Nuclei" astro-ph/0301461.
Authors: S. Esposito, G. Mangano, G. Miele, I. Picardi, and O. Pisanti
Commets: 41 pages, 11 eps figures
Bol'shoi obzor v duhe "neitrinnaya fizika dlya astronomov". Na pozdnih stadiyah evolyucii zvezd dlya teplovogo balansa ochen' vazhnymi okazyvayutsya neitrinnye poteri. V obzore avtory podrobno rassmatrivayut temp neitrinnyh poter' (t.e. ohlazhdeniya) pri usloviyah, sootvetstvuyushih nedram zvezd. Stat'ya slozhnaya (s astronomicheskoi tochki zreniya): mnogo formul i t.d. Dazhe ispol'zovanie rezul'tatov stat'i ne budet dlya astronoma legkim delom, no "komu seichas legko?"
Authors: Jean A. Eilek
Commets: 12 pages, 6 figures, 3 in color. Invited review, to appear in Physics of Plasmas, May 2003. After publication it can be found at http://ojps.aip.org/pop
V svyazi s rostom kolichestva nablyudatel'nyh dannyh po mezhgalakticheskoi srede v skopleniyah galaktik voznikaet nuzhda v poluteoreticheskih/polunablyudatel'nyh obzorah po fizike plazmy s uchetom astrofizicheskih osobennostei galakticheskih skoplenii. Obzor prostoi i ponyatnyi, v osnovnom privoditsya fenomenologiya (s nebol'shimi vkrapleniyami prostyh formul). Rassmatrivayutsya nereshennye problemy. Tak chto obzor budet interesnym dlya fizikov-plazmenshikov, kotorye do etogo "redko smotreli na nebo".
Authors: William H. Kinney
Commets: Lectures given at the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Techniques and Concepts of High Energy Physics, St. Croix, USVI (2002). 60pp, 20 color figs. Version w/ high-res figs is available at http://www.astro.columbia.edu/~kinney/cv/papers/kinney_asi_2002.ps.gz
Bol'shoi tekst lekcii. V spiske literatury, kak eto seichas prinyato (osobenno na shkolah), mnogo ssylok na setevye resursy i stat'i Arhiva elektronnyh preprintov. Tak chto tem, komu 60 stranic lekcii pokazhetsya nedostatochnym, budet legko naiti materialy, gde bolee podrobno rassmotrena ta ili inaya problema, upomyanutaya v obzore.
Authors: W. Forman et al.
Commets: Contribution to IAU Symposium 214 "High Energy Processes and Phenomena in Astrophysics" (6-10 August, 2002; Suzhou, China)
Opisyvayutsya rezul'taty nedavnih nablyudenii goryachego vnegalakticheskogo gaza na rentgenovskih sputnikah Chandra i HMM. Novye tehnologii pozvolili uvidet' yavleniya, kotorye do etogo ne nablyudalis'. Dayutsya popytki ih teoreticheskogo opisaniya.
Authors: Keith A. Olive
Commets: 54 pages, latex, 22 eps figures, Summary of lectures given at the Theoretical Advanced Study Institute in Elementary Particle Physics at the University of Colorado at Boulder - June 2-28, 2002
Neskol'ko lekcii po temnoi materii: teoriya, nablyudeniya .... Soderzhanie rasschitano na podgotovlennogo chitatelya (no ne na uzkogo specialista). Privoditsya bol'shoi spisok literatury. Mnogo poleznyh illyustracii.
Authors: Steven D. Kawaler
Commets: 10 pages, 3 figures; invited review from IAU Symposium #215 - Stellar Rotation (November 2002)
Nebol'shoi obzor po belym karlikam. Kak i dlya drugih zvezd, dlya belyh
karlikov vazhen takoi parametr kak vrashenie (period, uglovoi moment).
Ot etogo mogut zavisit' ih nablyudatel'nye proyavleniya.
Avtor rassmatrivaet sovremennye nablyudatel'nye dannye i popytki ih
teoreticheskogo osmysleniya.
Obzor prostoi i interesnyi.
Authors: Charles J. Lada, Elizabeth A. Lada
Commets: To appear in Annual Reviews of Astronomy and Astrophysics v41. Manuscript consists of 73 pages with 14 figures. Due to space limitations 5 figures are included as separate low quality jpeg figures. A complete manuscript with full resolution figures can be downloaded from http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~clada/preprints.html
Bol'shoi obzor, posvyashennyi molodym (novorozhdennym) zvezdnym skopleniyam v molekulyarnyh oblakah. Iz-za moshnogo poglosheniya takie skopleniya chasto nablyudayutsya tol'ko v IK oblasti. Poetomu lish' otnositel'no nedavno nachali nakaplivat'sya bol'shie ob'emy dannyh po etim ob'ektam. Obzor osobenno aktualen v svyazi s blizyashimisya zapuskami novyh IK sputnikov (Gershel', SIRTF, i vozmozhno NGST).
Authors: Tod Strohmayer, Lars Bildsten
Commets: 45 pages, 17 figures. To appear in Compact Stellar X-Ray Sources, eds. W.H.G. Lewin and M. van der Klis, Cambridge University Press
Termoyadernye vspyshki na neitronnyh zvezdah i belyh karlikah izvestny dovol'no davno (po merkam razvitiya nauki). Odnako, zapusk vse novyh i novyh rentgenovsih sputnikov prinosit vse novye i novye dannye. V tom chisle otkryvayutsya dosele neizvestnye yavleniya. Imenno teoreticheskomu osmysleniyu etih novyh otkrytii i posvyashen obzor.
Authors: Carla Cacciari, Gisella Clementini
Commets: 19 pages, 2 Postscript figures, Latex, uses svmult.cls. To be published in tellar Candles'', Lecture Notes in Physics ( http://link.springer.de/series/lnpp)
Podrobno opisyvaetsya metodika opredeleniya rasstoyanii do sharovyh zvezdnyh skoplenii po nablyudeniyam zvezd tipa RR Liry. Hotya sama metodika sushestvkt davno, odnako uchenye stremyatsya uluchshit' tochnost', i zdes' "mnogoe sdelano, no mnogoe eshe predstoit".
Sm. takzhe stat'yu "Blue Supergiants as a Tool for Extragalactic Distances - Theoretical Concepts" astro-ph/0301621, posvyashennuyu opredeleniyu rasstoyanii po nablyudeniyam golubyh sverhgigantov.
Authors: Luigina Feretti
Commets: 14 pags,8 figs,Invited review at "Matter and Energy in Clusters of Galaxies", Taiwan, 2002 April 23-27; to appear in ASP Conf. Series, eds. S. Bowyer & C.-Y. Hwang
Nebol'shoi obzor po radionablyudeniyam skoplenii galaktik. Osoboe vnimanie udelyaetsya izlucheniyu mezhgalakticheskoi sredy i galo. Svetimost' radiogalo horosho korreliruet s rentgenovskoi svetimost'yu i massoi.
Authors: D. A. Green, F. R. Stephenson
Commets: 12 pages, 4 figures, to be published in "Supernovae and Gamma Ray Bursters", ed. K. W. Weiler, Lecture Notes in Physics, Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York
Opisyvayutsya dannye po izvestnym istoricheskim (t.e. nablyudavshimsya nevooruzhennym glazom) sverhnovym: sverhnovaya Keplera, sverhnovaya Tiho, sverhnovye 1181, 1054 i 1006 gg. Sovetuem prochest' vsem. Chtenie legkoe i priyatnoe.
Authors: Daniel Eisenstein
Commets: Proceedings from Wide-Field Multi-Object Spectroscopy conference at NOAO in October 2001, to be published by the ASP Conference Series. 8 pages, LaTex, 1 figure
Zakanchivaetsya obrabotka dannyh obzorov 2dF i SDSS (sm. ogromnyi potok publikaciya v Arhive). Chto zhe dal'she? Imenno etim voprosom zadaetsya avtor stat'i.
Authors: N. Masetti
Commets: 6 pages, 2 figures, solicited talk at the Rome 2002 GRB workshop
Daetsya korotkii obzor poslednih dvuh let issledovanii opticheskih poslesvechenii kosmicheskih gamma-vspleskov.
Authors: S.G. Djorgovski et al.
Commets: An invited review, to appear in: "Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Afterglow Era: 3rd Workshop", ASPCS, in press; LaTeX file, 8 pages, 1 eps figure, style files included
V chem narodno-hozyaistvennoe znachenie gamma-vspleskov? Ne znaem.... A vot dlya kosmologii eti istochniki mogut byt' ochen' polezny! Buduchi ochen' yarkimi, oni pozvolyayut poluchat' vazhnuyu informaciyu s bol'shih krasnyh smeshenii. Razlichnye prilozheniya gamma-vspleskov k izucheniyu "Bol'shoi Vselennoi" i yavlyayutsya predmetom dannogo korotkogo obzora.
Authors: S.M. Bilenky, C. Giunti, J.A. Grifols, E. Masso
Commets: 92 pages. Revised version, including KamLAND results
Bol'shoi obzor, posvyashennyi massam neitrino (vklyuchaya samye poslednie rezul'taty).
Authors: Roeland P. van der Marel
Commets: 16 pages, LaTeX, no figures. Carnegie Observatories Astrophysics Series, Vol. 1: Coevolution of Black Holes and Galaxies, ed. L. C. Ho (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press), 2003, submitted (invited review)
Kak my uzhe neodnokratno pisali, v poslednee vremya poyavilis' nablyudatel'nye ukazaniya na vozmozhnost' sushestvovaniya chernyh dyr promezhutochnyh mass (v promezhutke mezhdu "zvezdnymi" i sverhmassivnymi - t.e. poryadka tysyach-desyatkov tysyach mass Solnca). V stat'e daetsya obzor sovremennogo sostoyaniya del v etoi oblasti.
Sm. takzhe "Evidence for an intermediate mass black hole and a multi-zone warm absorber in NGC 4395" astro-ph/0302108.
Authors: Arieh Koenigl
Commets: 8 pages, invited review, to appear in Active Galactic Nuclei: From Central Engine to Host Galaxy (Meudon, July 2002), ASP Conference Series, Vol. 290
Korotkii obzor po istecheniyam ot diskov v aktivnyh yadrah galaktik.
Authors: Arieh Koenigl
Commets: 8 pages, invited review, to appear in Gamma Ray Bursts in the Afterglow Era -- Third Workshop (Rome, September 2002), ASP Conference Series
Kratko opisyvaetsya model' supranovoi. V etoi modeli posle vzryva obrazuetsya massivnaya zamagnichennaya neitronnaya zvezda, kotoraya podderzhivaetsya bystrym vrasheniem. Zamedlenie privodit k kollapsu v chernuyu dyru. Model' primenyatesya dlya ob'yasneniya svoistv gamma-vspleskov. Esli eshe ne slyshali o takoi modeli - sovetuyu prochitat'.
Authors: Max Tegmark
Commets: 18 pages, 8 figs. A less technical adaptation is scheduled for the May 2003 issue of Scientific American. Version with full-resolution figs at http://www.hep.upenn.edu/~max/multiverse.html
Journal-ref: In "Science and Ultimate Reality: From Quantum to Cosmos", honoring John Wheeler's 90th birthday. J. D. Barrow, P.C.W. Davies, & C.L. Harper eds. Cambridge University Press (2003)
Populyarnaya stat'ya na ochen' interesnuyu temu. Sovetuem prochest'!
Authors: Dany Vanbeveren
Commets: 21 pages, 6 figures, to appear in "Massive Stars: Formation, Evolution, Internal Structure and Environnement", eds. M. Heydari-Malayeri and J.-P. Zahn
Obsuzhdayutsya razlichnye aspekty evolyucii massivnyh tesnyh dvoinyh sistem.
Sm. takzhe stat'yu "Binary evolution models with rotation"
astro-ph/0302232,
gde vpervye rassmotreny modeli evolyucii s uchetom effektov vrasheniya zvezd.
Authors: Peter L. Biermann et al.
Commets: 28 pages, 4 figures. Invited review at the 9th course of the Chalonge School on Astrofundamental Physics: "The Early Universe and The Cosmic Microwave Background: Theory and Observations"; the review will be published in the proceedings of this course, Ed. Norma Sanchez
V obzore (tochnee eto lekciya - svoya specifika) uvyazyvayutsya vmeste kosmicheskie luchi, sverhnovye i gamma-vspleski. Osnovoi yavlyaetsya scenarii vzryva sverhnovoi, predlozhennyi bolee 30 let nazad G.S. Bisnovatym-Koganom - t.n. magnitorotacionnyi mehanizm. Na moi vzglyad, dovol'no interesnoe chtenie: mnogo fiziki (vklyuchaya dannye), no malo formul.
Authors: Nikolaos Stergioulas
Commets: 101 pages, 18 figures. The full online-readable version of this article, including several animations, will be published in Living Reviews in Relativity at http://www.livingreviews.org/
Struktura ravnovesnyh vrashayushihsya zvezd, osesimmetrichnye i neosesimmetrichnye vozmusheniya, vrashenie zvezd v astrofizicheskih ob'ektah - vot nekotorye iz tem rassmotrennye v dannom obzore.
Authors: Hiroyasu Tajima (SLAC)
Commets: 6 pages, 9 figures. Contributed to International Workshop on Vertex Detectors, Kailua-Kona, Hawaii USA, November 3-8, 2002
Opisyvayutsya dvuh-storonnie kremnievye strip-detektory i proektiruemyi s ih ispol'zovaniem nauchnyi sputnik SMCT (Semiconductor Multiple-Compton Telescope), Kotoryi budet rabotat' v diapazone energii 0.1-20 MeV.
Authors: R. D. Blandford
Commets: 18 pages, To appear in "High Energy Processes and Phenomena in Astrophysics, IAU Symposium 214", X. Li, Z. Wang, V. Trimble (eds)
Obzor posvyashen osnovnym dostizheniyam astrofiziki vysokih energii. Dostupnyi tekst obshego soderzhaniya. Rekomenduetsya nespecialistam.
Authors: Roger Blandford
Commets: 12 pages
Journal-ref: Phil.Trans.Roy.Soc.Lond. A360 (2002) 2091-2103
Korotkii populyarnyi obzor sovremennoi rentgenovskoi astronomii. Estestvenno, stat'ya sil'no pereklikaetsya s predydushei. Tem ne menee, nekotorye voprosy rassmotreny bolee podrobno. Poetomu, esli pervaya stat'ya zainteresovala, to stoit prochest' i vtoruyu.
Authors: P. C. Frisch
Commets: 10 pages, 4 figures; Proceedings Houston 2002 COSPAR Outer Heliosphere meeting
Avtor vydelyaet takie prichiny:
1. Mezhzvezdnaya sreda zadaet usloviya na geliosfere.
2. Neizvestno mnogo vazhnyh detalei o himii mezhzvezdnoi sredy, kotorye
mozhno uznat', nablyudaya nashi blizhaishie okrestnosti.
3. Issledovanie nashih blizhaishih okrestnostei pozvolyaet uznat' mnogo
novogo o turbulentnosti v mezhzvezdnoi srede.
Ob ostal'nom - v stat'e.
Authors: P.D. Barthel, I.M. van Bemmel
Commets: 9 pages, no figures, in Proceedings Radio Galaxy Workshop, Leiden, 11-15 November 2002
Obsuzhdaetsya status edinyh modelei vnegalakticheskih radioistochnikov. Osoboe vnimanie udelyaetsya svoistvam pyli.
V edinyh modelyah razlichnye tipy AYaG ob'yasnyayutsya v ramkah akkrecii na sverhmassivnuyu chernuyu dyry. Razlichie proyavlenii opredelyaetsya raznoi massoi dyry, raznym tempom akkrecii, raznoi orientaciei dzheta po otnosheniyu k nablyudatelyu i raznymi svoistvami sredy vblizi dyry i dzheta (otsyuda vazhnost' ucheta pyli).
Obzor korotkii, no privodyatsya ssylki na bol'shie obzornye stat'i po raznym aspektam edinoi modeli.
Authors: Erik Kuulkers, Andrew Norton, Axel Schwope, Brian Warner
Commets: 40 pages, 10 figures. To appear in Compact Stellar X-Ray Sources, eds. W.H.G. Lewin and M. van der Klis, Cambridge University Press
Kataklizmicheskie peremennye - eto tesnye dvoinye sistemy, gde kompaktnym
ob'ektom yavlyaetsya belyi karlik. V obzore rassmatrivaetsya rentgenovskoe
izluchenie etih istochnikov.
Authors: G. K. Skinner
Commets: To be published in Proceedings of the 22nd Moriond Astrophysics Meeting "The Gamma-Ray Universe", May 2002 Eds. A. Goldwurm, D. Neumann and J. Tran Thanh Van, The Gioi Publishers (Vietnam)
Eto obzor po teorii postroeniya izobrazhenii instrumentami (teleskopami) s kodiruyushimi maskami, kotorye shiroko ispol'zuyutsya v zhestkom rentgenovskom i gamma-diapazonah. Avtor utverzhdaet, chto eta teoriya ochen' prosta, slozhnosti poyavlyayutsya tol'ko pri rabote s real'nymi instrumentami. Rassmotreny instrumenty, ustanovlennye na observatorii INTEGRAL.
Authors: G.S.Bisnovatyi-Kogan
Commets: 14 pages, 9 figures
Journal-ref: Space Science Review, v.102, pp. 9-22 (2002)
Rasskazyvaetsya o razlichnyh stohasticheskih yavleniyah v astrofizike. Opisyvaetsya 7 tipov yavlenii: dvizheniya zvezd, aktivnye yadra galaktik, oscillyacii zvezd, istochniki zhestkogo izlucheniya (rentgenovskie barstery, gamma-vspleski, stacionarnye rentgenovskie istochniki v tesnyh dvoinyh), sverhnovye (detonacionnyi front v sverhnovyh pervogo tipa), magnitnoe dinamo, dvizhenie komet v Solnechnoi sisteme. Konechno, est' i drugie yavleniya (upomyanem, naprimer, akkreciyu turbulizovannoi sredy), no nel'zya ob'yat' neob'yatnoe, i vybrannyi nabor ochen' i ochen' interesen.
Authors: Subir Sarkar (Oxford)
Commets: Invited contribution to a special issue of the Proceedings of the Indian National Academy of Sciences, 20 pages, 5 figures (includes new WMAP results)
Obzor posvyashen reliktovym neitrino, ih roli v obrazovanii krupnomasshtabnoi struktury, kosmologicheskie ogranicheniyam chisla tipov neitrino.
Authors: R.J. McLure
Commets: 8 pages, 4 figures, To appear in "Radio galaxies: past, present & future". eds. M. Jarvis et al., Leiden, Nov 2002
Rassmatrivayutsya korrelyacii mezhdu parametrami chernoi dyry i hozyaiskoi galaktiki. Opisyvayutsya novye dostizheniya v izmerenii mass chernyh dyr.
Sm. takzhe "The Black Hole Masses of High-Redshift Quasars" astro-ph/0302457.
Authors: Donald P. Cox
Commets: To be published in "From Observations to Self-Consistent Modelling of the ISM in Galaxies", eds. M. Avillez & D. Breitschwerdt, Kluwer Astrophys. & Space Sci. Series
"Metry rasskazyvayut..." Neprostoe eto delo modelirovat' mezhzvezdnuyu sredu.
Authors: F. Halzen
Commets: 26 pages, Latex2e with ws-procs9x6.cls (included), 13 postscript illustrations
Kosmicheskie luchi otkryty sto let nazad, no problema ih uskoreniya do sih por ne reshena. Mozhet byt' v etom pomogut planiruemye ochen' krupnye proekty: detektor atmosfernyh livnei ploshad'yu 10000 km2, massiv cherenkovskih teleskopov i kilometrovyi detektor neitrino. V obzore rassmoterny sleduyushie voprosy:
- chasticy naivysshih energii i GZK zaval;
- poisk "kosmicheskii uskoritelei" chastic;
- mehanizm uskoreniya "sverhu-vniz";
- TeV-nye gamma-kvanty ot blazarov;
- vzaimodeistve ul'traenergichnyh fotonov s infrakrasnym diffuznym foton i s molekulyarnymi oblakakmi;
- kilometrovaya naitrinnaya observatoriya.
Authors: S. M. Faber
Commets: 8 pages, no figures. To appear as: Faber, S. M. 2003, in Carnegie Observatories Astrophysics Series, Vol. 2: Measuring and Modeling the Universe, ed. W. L. Freedman (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press)
Daetsya rezyume nablyudatel'noi chasti kosmologicheskoi konferencii. Rekomenduetsya kak korotkaya ponyatnaya svodka rezul'tatov.
Authors: F. Haberl
Commets: COSPAR Symposium on High Energy Studies of Supernova Remnants and Neutron Stars, Houston, Oct. 2002
Obzor rezul'tatov s Chandry i HMM-N'yutona po odinochnym neitronnym zvezdam: ob'ektam "velikolepnoi semerki" i anomal'nym rentgenovskim pul'saram.
Authors: Fabio Favata, Giuseppina Micela
Commets: Space Science Reviews, in press, 132 pages (full paper available at ftp://astro.esa.int/pub/ffavata/Papers/ssr-preprint.pdf)
Korony zvezd izuchayut v osnovnom po ih zhestkomu izlucheniyu. Okolo chetverti veka nazad udalos' otnablyudat' koronu Kapelly (al'fa Voznichego). Odnako zh, novye sputniki (Chandra, N'yuton i dr.) dayut novye vozmozhnosti. V bol'shom obzre avtory obsuzhdayut sovremennoe sostoyanie del i perspektivy.
Authors: G.G.Raffelt
Commets: 12 pages, Proceedings Texas in Tuscany, Dec. 2002
Korotkii obzor po prilozheniyam poslednih neitrinnyh rezul'tatov v astrofizike. Osnovnye temy: temnaya materiya, nukleosintez i sverhnovye.
Authors: Allan Sacha Brun
Commets: 10 pages, 5 figures (low resolution), Talk given in Workshop Magnetism and Activity of the Sun and Stars, held in Toulouse, Sept 2002, to appear in EDP Science/EAS Publications Series, Contact: sacha.brun@cea.fr
Nebol'shoi obzor po zvezdnomu dinamo. Opisyvayutsya kak teoriya, tak i nablyudeniya. V zaklyuchenie avtor opisyvaet svoi 3-mernye raschety zvezdnogo dinamo
Sm. takzhe lekciyu Bertrand C. Barrois "Secrets of Magnetohydrodynamic Hell: The Solar Circulation Paradox and the Geodynamo" astro-ph/0303038.
Authors: Alistair R. Walker
Commets: 15 pages, no figures, to appear in "Stellar Candles for the Extragalactic Distance Scale", Lecture Notes in Physics (Springer), ed. D. Alloin and W. Gieren
Po obychnym ponyatiyam rasstoyaniya v astronomii izvestny ploho. Esli vy chitaete, chto "...rasstoyanie do etoi galaktiki sostavlyaet 150 Mpk", to neopredelennost' tut mozhet byt' poryadka dvoiki, dazhe esli krasnoe smeshenie pomereno s vysokoi tochnost'yu. Pohozhaya situaciya i so zvezdami (dazhe Gipparkos na 1 kpk uzhe ochen' sil'no "vret"). Poetomu vse prodvizheniya v opredelenii rasstoyanii predstavlyayut bol'shoi interes.
V dannom obzore avtor rasskazyvaet o "poslednem slove" v izmerenii rasstoyanii do galaktik Mestnoi gruppy. Tuda vhodyat Magellanovy oblaka, Tumannost' Andromedy, izvestnaya galaktika v Treugol'nike (M33) i mnogo vsyakoi melochi.
Authors: A. Cimatti (INAF - Arcetri)
Commets: 17 pages, invited review to appear in the proceedings of the JENAM 2002 Plenary Sessions - "The Unsolved Universe: Challenges for the Future"
Svoistva i, veroyatno, evolyuciya odinochnyh galaktik i galaktik vhodyashih v skopleniya otlichayutsya.
Authors: Luis C. Ho (Carnegie Observatories)
Commets: To appear in Active Galactic Nuclei: from Central Engine to Host Galaxy, ed. S. Collin, F. Combes, & I. Shlosman (San Francisco: ASP)
Opisyvayutsya harakteristiki blizhaishih AYaG i daetsya "opisanie" ih central'noi mashiny.
Authors: Christian Spiering
Commets: 11 pages, 15 figures. Talk given at the 18th European Cosmic Ray Conference, Moscow 2002, and the 8th Topical Seminar on Innovative Particle and Radiation Detectors, Siena 2002
Nebol'shoi obzor rezul'tatov poslednego desyatiletiya po TeV'nym i PeV'nym neitrino: metody registracii, sovremennoe sostoyanie i perspektivy detektorov.
Author: Banibrata Mukhopadhyay
Commets: 36 pages including 12 figures; aaspp4 style; To appear as an invited article in a collected volume "Progress in Astrophysics", Nova Science Publishers, Inc.; The resolution of Figs. 1-6 is made very poor (to fit all those in 4Mb limit of archive), contact the Author if you want the figures with perfect resolution
Reshat' zadachi akkrecii neposredstvenno v ramkah OTO dostatochno tyazhelo. Poetomu vmesto iskrivlennogo prostranstva mozhno popytat'sya vvesti psevdo-N'yutonovskii potencial v kotorom dvizhenie chastic opisyvaetsya pravil'no. Eto udaetsya sdelat' dlya Shvarcshil'dovskogo gravitacionnogo polya, kotoroe sushestvuet vokrug nevrashayushihsya neitronnyh zvezd i chernyh dyr. Dlya vrashayushihsya ob'ektov oboitis' odnim potencialom ne udaetsya. Avtor podrobno rassmatrivaet kak edinym obrazom mozhno vvesti takie potencialy i v kakih sluchayah dannyh podhod rabotaet.
Authors: J. G. Kirk and O. Skjaeraasen
Commets: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Vnutri svetovogo cilindra energiya vrasheniya pul'sara perenositsya prakticheski polnost'yu elektromagnitnym potokom (potokom Pointinga), eto vyvod vseh sovremenny teorii i modelei. A uzhe nedaleko za svetovym cilindrom eta energiya prakticheski polnost'yu okazyvaetsya zaklyuchennoi v potoke relyativistskih chastic (vzaimodeistvie kotoryh s veshestvom nablyudaetsya). Raspredelenie unosimoi energii mezhdu elektromagnitnym potokom i chasticami opisyvaetsya parametrom sigma. Polnoi modeli dannogo processa na segodnyashnii den' net.
Authors: Robert D. Mathieu
Commets: 10 pages, 5 figures, conference proceedings
V stat'e dan obzor nablyudatel'nyh rezul'tatov poslednih 10 let o vrashenii malomassivnyh zvezd eshe ne dostigshih glavnoi posledovatel'nosti. Obsuzhdayutsya vozmozhnye mehanizmy ih tormozheniya.
Authors: Max Pettini
Commets: Lectures given at the XIII Canary Islands Winter School of Astrophysics, osmochemistry: The Melting Pot of Elements'. To be published by Cambridge University Press; 42 pages, 33 figures
Bol'shoi material, gde v "pedagogicheskoi" forme izlozheny sovremennye dannye po nablyudeniyu obiliya elementov ot nashim okrestnostei do bol'shih krasnyh smeshenii. Konechno zhe, opisyvaetsya i teoretieskoe ponimanie etoi problemy.
Authors: D. Eichler, Y. Lyubarsky, C. Thompson, P.Woods
Commets: 8 pages, 1 fig. To appear in Proc. Marsala workshop "Pulsars, AXPs and SGRs observed with BeppoSAX and other observatories"
"V mire skazok tozhe est' bulochki". U istochnikov myagkih povtoryayushihsya gamma-vspleskov tozhe est' rentgenovskie poslesvecheniya. Avtory pokazyvayut, kak etot fenomen nahodit svoe ob'yasnenie v ramkah naibolee populyarnyi na segodnyashnii den' magnitarnoi gipotezy.
Authors: Philippe Brax, Carsten van de Bruck
Commets: 37 pages; invited topical review for Classical and Quantum Gravity; to appear
Bol'shoi obzor s polutorasotnei ssylok. Bez formul v etom dele ne oboitis', no beglyi prosmotr pokazyvaet, chto mozhno prorvat'sya!
Authors: Steinn Sigurdsson
Commets: 16 pages. See http://www.ociw.edu/ociw/symposia/series/symposium1/proceedings.html
V obzore rassmatrivayutsya voprosy izmeneniya nevozmushennogo polya skorostei besstolknovitel'nyh zvezd pod deistviem central'noi sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyry galaktiki i skorost' ee rosta za schet zahvata zvezd polya.
Authors: Rob Fender
Commets: 41-page review. To appear in 'Compact Stellar X-Ray Sources', eds. W.H.G. Lewin and M. van der Klis, Cambridge University Press
Obzor po struinym istecheniyam ot tesnyh dvoinyh sistem s akkreciruyushimi kompaktnymi ob'ektami.
Authors: Norbert Bartel
Commets: Latex, 6 pages, 8 figures; Invited Review Talk at the `ADeLA2002 - Astrometry in Latin America'' Conference, Araraquara - Sao Paulo, 2 - 5 September 2002, to be published in ADeLA Publications Series, Vol. 1, 2003
Sovsem korotkaya zametka, kotoruyu vsem rekomenduem prochitat'. Rech' idet o vysokotochnyh nablyudeniyah s pomosh'yu interferometrov so sverhdlinnoi bazoi. Otnositel'nye koordinaty istochnikov pri takih nablyudeniyah opredelyayutsya s tochnost'yu poryadka desyatka mikrosekund dugi!!!
Authors: Mark Lacy
Commets: 10 pages, in, "Carnegie Observatories Astrophysics Series, Vol. 1: Coevolution of Black Holes and Galaxies", ed. L. C. Ho (Pasadena: Carnegie Observatories, http://www.ociw.edu/ociw/symposia/series/symposium1/proceedings.html)
Dlya teh, kto lyubit sledit' za poslednimi dannymi - novyi obzor po sverhmassivnym chernym dyram. Privodyatsya nekotorye novye dannye, formuliruyutsya imeyushiesya problemy...
Authors: T. Ott et al.
Commets: 19 pages, 7 figures Journal-ref: The Messenger, No 111, p. 1-8 (March 2003)
Pervoe detal'noe opisanie rezul'tatov opticheskih (blizhnii infrakrasnyi diapazon) issledovanii centra Mlechnogo Puti s pomosh'yu adaptivnoi optiki. Avtoram udalos' dostignut' ochen' vysokogo uglovogo razresheniya, a potomu vy imeete udovol'stvie rassmatrivat' eti ochen' krasivye kartinki!
Authors: Bryan M. Gaensler
Commets: 8 pages, 4 embedded EPS figures, uses ws-procs9x6.cls. To appear in proceddings of "Texas in Tuscany" (XXI Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics)
Korotkii obzor svezhih dannyh i idei po pul'saram i pul'sarnym vetram. Vozmozhno imenno pul'sarnye tumannosti smogut prolit' svet na vazhnye detali mehanizma raboty pul'sara. Po-krainei mere vo vsei etoi nauke poyavlyayutsya principial'no novye dannye, t.o. posle nekotorogo zastoya/zatish'ya pul'sarnaya mashina snova na perednem krayu astrofiziki.
Authors: Saul Perlmutter, Brian P. Schmidt
Commets: In Supernovae & Gamma Ray Bursts, K. Weiler, Ed., Springer, Lecture Notes in Physics (in press), 24 pages, 7 figs
Dovol'no polnoe izlozhenie togo, kak po sverhnovym opredelyayut kosmologicheskie
parametry. Razbirayutsya (kratko) vse vozmozhnye istochniki neopredelennostei.
Mnogo (bolee 100) ssylok.
Authors: Thomas M. Tauri, Ed van den Heuvel
Commets:46 pages, 17 figures. Review to appear in the book 'Compact Stellar X-Ray Sources', eds. W.H.G. Lewin and M. van der Klis, Cambridge University Press
Glava iz sbornika, posvyashennaya tesnym dvoinym sistemam s akkreciruyushim kompaktnym ob'ektom (neitronnoi zvezdoi ili chernoi dyroi). Rassmatrivayutsya vse osnovnye processy, otvechayushie za evolyuciyu i astrofizicheskie proyavleniya takih sistem.
Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astrofizika - obzory - ekzoplaneta - Planety u drugih zvezd
Publikacii so slovami: astrofizika - obzory - ekzoplaneta - Planety u drugih zvezd | |
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