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Ciklotronnaya chastota (girochastota, giromagnitnaya chastota)

- chastota vrasheniya nerelyativistskoi zaryazhennoi chasticy vokrug silovyh linii magn. polya B pod deistviem Lorenca sily. C.ch. ravna (v ed. SGS) $\nu_B=|q|B/(2\pi mc)$ , q i m - zaryad i massa chasticy; upotreblyaetsya takzhe krugovaya C.ch. $\omega_B=2\pi\nu_B$ . Dlya relyativistskoi chasticy chastota vrasheniya men'she:
$\nu^{rel}_B=\nu_B(mc^2/E)=\nu_B\sqrt{1-(v/c)^2}$ ,
gde v i E - skorost' i energiya chasticy. V kvantovoi teorii C.ch. opredelyaet urovni energii zaryazhennoi chasticy v magn. pole (urovni Landau):
$E=\sqrt{m^2c^4+c^2p_z^2+2nmc^2h\nu_B}$ ,
gde p_z - proekciya impul'sa chasticy na napravlenie B, n=0, 1, 2, ... - nomer urovnya Landau. V nerelyativistskom predele $E=mc^2+p_z^2/2m+nh\nu_B$ . Vrashayas' v magn. pole, chastica ispuskaet magnitotormoznoe izluchenie na garmonikah C.ch., t.e. na chastotah $\nu=s\nu_B^{rel}$ (s=1, 2, ... - nomer garmoniki). Nerelyativistskaya chastica izluchaet v osnovnom na chastote $\nu_B$ (Ciklotronnoe izluchenie; v kvantovoi teorii - eto perehod mezhdu sosednimi urovnyami Landau).

(G.G. Pavlov)

G. G. Pavlov, "Fizika Kosmosa", 1986
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