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Leptony

- obshee nazvanie klassa elementarnyh chastic, ne obladayushih sil'nym vzaimodeistviem, t.e. uchastvuyushih lish' v el.-magn., slabom i gra-vitac. vzaimodeistviyah. L. imeyut spin 1/2. Razlichayut zaryazhennye L. - elektron, myuon ( $\mu$ ), $\tau$ -lepton, i neitral'nye L. - neitrino. Zaryazhennye L. uchastvuyut kak v slabom, tak i v el.-magn. vzaimodeistviyah elementarnyh chastic. Neitral'nye L. uchastvuyut v slabom vzaimodeistvii. Zaryazhennye L. obladayut magnitnym momentom, ravnym, s tochnost'yu do vysshih popravok po el.-magn. vzaimodeistviyu, $e\hbar /2mc$ . S toi zhe tochnost'yu magn. moment neitral'nyh L. raven nulyu. Neitral'nye L., vozmozhno, obladayut otlichnoi ot nulya maloi massoi pokoya. Massy zaryazhennyh L. sil'no razlichayutsya mezhdu soboi: massa elektrona m_e=0,511 MeV, massa myuona $m_\mu$ 105 MeV, massa $\tau$ -leptona $m_\tau$ = 1762 MeV. Dlya kazhdogo tipa zaryazhennyh L. - elektrona, myuona, $\tau$ -leptona i dlya sootvetstvuyushih im neitrino sushestvuet svoe sohranyayusheesya leptonnoe chislo (sm. Zaryad).

Elektron, pozitron i neitrino stabil'ny. Myuon v vakuume imeet vremya zhizni $\approx 2\cdot 10^{-6}$ c otnositel'no raspada $\mu^+\to {\rm e}^+ + \nu_e + \tilde{\nu}_\mu (\mu^-\to {\rm e}^- + \tilde{\nu}_e + \nu_\mu)$ . $\tau$ -lepton raspadaetsya po kanalam: $\tau^+\to\tilde{\nu}_\tau$ +mezony ( $\tau^-\to\nu_\tau$ +mezony) i $\tau^+\to\mu^+({\rm e}^+)+\tilde{\nu}_\tau+\nu_\mu(\nu_e) [\tau^-\to\mu^-+\nu_\tau]+ \tilde{\nu}_\mu(\tilde{\nu}_e)$ c vremenem zhizni ~ 10^-13 s.

(M.Yu. Hlopov)

M. Yu. Hlopov, "Fizika Kosmosa", 1986
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