Astronet > Izbrannye obzory astro-ph za 10-17 yanvarya 2003 goda (vypusk 27)

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19.01.10. astro-ph za 10 - 17 yanvarya 2002 goda: izbrannye stat'i

astro-ph/0301243 Massa neitronnoi zvezdy v Vela X-1 (The mass of the neutron star in Vela X-1 and tidally induced non-radial oscillations in GP Vel)
Authors:H. Quaintrell et al.

astro-ph/0301263 Uskorenie chastic putem mnogokratnogo perehoda iz zaryazhennogo sostoyaniya v neitral'noe i obratno (Particle Acceleration through Multiple Conversions from Charged into Neutral State and Back)
Authors: E.V. Derishev et al.

astro-ph/0301282 LSR0602+3910 - samyi yarkii korichnevyi karlik? (LSR0602+3910 - The Brightest Brown Dwarf in the Sky?)
Authors: Samir Salim et al.

gr-qc/0212121 Postn'yutonovskaya interpretaciya VLBI eksperimenta 8 sentyabrya 2002 goda
Authors: S.M.Kopeikin

astro-ph/0301328 Stroboskopicheskie opticheskie nablyudeniya pul'sara v Krabe (Stroboscopic optical observations of the Crab pulsar)
Authors: Simon Vidrih et al.

sputnik astro-ph/0301158 Sputnik MAP - Microwave Anisotropy Probe (The Microwave Anisotropy Probe (MAP) Mission)
Authors: C. L. Bennett et al.
Commets: ApJ in press; 22 pages with 10 low-resolution figures; version with better quality figures is available at http://map.gsfc.nasa.gov/m_mm/tp_links.html
Seriya statei pro sputnik MAP (astro-ph/0301159, astro-ph/0301160, astro-ph/0301164).
Opisyvayutsya razlichnye detali ustroistva sputnika, ego naznachenie i t.d. i t.p. Naibolee obshaya i dostupnaya stat'ya - astro-ph/0301158. V svyazi so skorym opublikovaniem pervyh dannyh s etogo sputnika stat'ya budet nebezinteresna vsem interesuyushimsya sovremennoi kosmologiei.

astro-ph/0301161 Rentgenovskaya spektroskopiya odinochnoi neitronnoi zvezdy 1E1207.4-5209: sostav atmosfery i uravnenie sostoyaniya (X-ray spectroscopy of the isolated neutron star 1E1207.4-5209: Atmospheric composition and equation of state)
Authors: Kaya Mori, Charles J. Hailey
Commets: 26 pages, 8 figures, submitted to ApJ
U neitronnoi zvezdy 1E1207.4-5209 po dannym Chandry obnaruzheno dve shirokie spektral'nye detali. Avtory stat'i dayut interpretaciyu etim nablyudeniyam. Po ih raschetam za detali otvetstvenny geliepodobnye atomy kisloroda v magnitnom pole 10¹² Gs (tipichnom dlya neitronnyh zvezd). Esli schitat', chto massa neitronnoi zvezdy primerno 1.4 massy Solnca, to mozhno sdelat' ogranicheniya na uravneniya sostoyaniya: ono okazyvaetsya dostatochno zhestkim.

astro-ph/0301162 Yarkie sverhmyagkie rentgenovskie istochniki vo vneshnih galaktikah (Luminous Supersoft X-Ray Sources in External Galaxies)
Authors: R. Di Stefano and A.K.H. Kong (CfA)
Commets: 14 pages, 6 figures, ApJ submitted
Kolichestvo sverhmyagkih rentgenovskih istochnikov so svetimost'yu L > 10³⁷ erg/s v sosednih galaktikah sostavlyaet po krainei mere neskol'ko soten, no mozhet byt' i sushestvenno bol'she. Krome togo:

sredi istochnikov est' gruppa so svetimostyami L > 10³⁷ erg/s;
v spiral'nyh galaktikah M101, M83 i M51 sverhmyagkie istochniki associiruyutsya u spiral'nyh vetvei, chto ukazyvaet na ih nebol'shoi (<10⁸ let) vozrast.

astro-ph/0301174 Sboi pul'sara v Krabe: individual'nye sobytiya i kumulyativnyi effekt (The Crab glitches: incidence and cumulative effect)
Authors: F.Graham Smith, C. Jordan
Commets: 6 pages 5 figures, to appear in "Radio Pulsars" (ASP Conf. Ser.), eds. M. Bailes, D. Nice, & S. Thorsett
Za 33 goda nablyudenii pul'sara v Krabe nablyudalos' 14 glitchei (sboev perioda vrasheniya), za kotorymi shli periody relaksacii. No vse eti sboi mozhno predstavit' kak 3 "gigantskih" sobytiya razdelennyh primerno 12 godami. Takaya gipoteza pozvolyaet snyat' nekotorye problemy s zakonami tormozheniya.

astro-ph/0301184 The phase coherence of light from extragalactic sources - direct evidence against first order quantum gravity fluctuations in time and space
Authors: Richard Lieu, Lloyd W. Hillman
Commets: 9 pages, Accepted for publication by the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Vse bolee-menee uvereny, chto na ochen' malen'kih masshtabah (poryadka plankovskogo) svoistva prostranstva-vremeni dolzhny byt' otlichny ot privychnyh nam. Odnako, net nikakih eksperimental'nyh dannyh na etot schet (krome dovol'no plohih verhnih predelov). V stat'e rassmatrivaetsya, kak mozhno takie dannye poluchit' i kakie predely dayut sovremennye nablyudeniya. Avtory predlagayut ispol'zovat' nablyudeniya fazovoi kogerentnosti izlucheniya ot vnegalakticheskih istochnikov dlya polucheniya sootvetstvuyushei informacii (otmetim, chto vnegalakticheskie nablyudeniya v gamma-diapazone uzhe aktivno ispol'zuyutsya dlya poiska masshtaba kvantovoi gravitacii, no poka - predely, predely, predely...). V kachestve illyustracii rassmatrivayutsya nablyudeniya kolec Eiri ot odnoi aktivnoi galaktiki. Razumeetsya, opyat'-taki poka prosto mozhno dat' nekotorye verhnie predely, no metodika interesnaya.

miniobzor astro-ph/0301186 Laiman-al'fa les kak kosmologicheskii instrument (The Lyman-alpha Forest as a Cosmological Tool)
Authors: David H. Weinberg, Romeel Dav'e, Neal Katz, Juna A. Kollmeier
Commets: 13 pages, to appear in "The Emergence of Cosmic Structure," Proceedings of the 13th Annual Astrophysics Conference in Maryland, eds. S. Holt and C. Reynolds, AIP Press, 2003
Laiman-al'fa les - eto nabor spektral'nyh linii (pogloshenie) v spektre dalekogo vnegalakticheskogo ob'ekta, poyavlyayushiisya za schet veshestva na luche zreniya. Kvazar (ili galaktika) "prosvechivaet" vselennuyu, i my mozhem poluchat' vazhnuyu informaciyu o raspredelenii veshestva, kotorye drugimi metodami chasto neobnaruzhimo. V stat'e opisyvaetsya dannyi metod kosmologicheskih issledovanii. Avtory privodyat bol'shoi (dlya korotkogo obzora) spisok literatury. Tak chto zhelayushie mogut prodolzhit' chtenie, ispol'zuya uzhe original'nye stat'i.

obzor astro-ph/0301196 Astrofizika kosmicheskih luchei i vzaimodeistvie adronov (Cosmic Ray Astrophysics and Hadronic Interactions)
Authors: Paolo Lipari
Commets: Summary talk at the XII ISVHECRI (Inernational Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions). 16 pages, 9 figures
Istoriya izucheniya kosmicheskih luchei dlitsya uzhe vek, pri etom nekotorye ochen' vazhnye voprosy ne imeyut otvetov. Perspektivy blizhaishego desyatiletiya vpechatlyayut. Krome sovremennyh i planiruemyh eksperimentov v obzore rassmatrivaetsya vklad v astrofiziku kosmicheskih luchei, kotoryi mogut dat' pryamye izmereniya na uskoritele LHC v Cerne.

astro-ph/0301197 Izmenenie rasstoyaniya mezhdu izobrazheniyami v gravitacionnoi linze PKS 1830-211 (Changes in the measured image separation of the gravitational lens system, PKS 1830-211)
Authors: C.Jin, M.A. Garrett, S. Nair, R.W. Porcas, A.R. Patnaik, R. Nan
Commets: 8 pages, 5 figures
V techenie 14 nedel' s pomosh'yu VLBA na chastote 43 GGc stroilis' karty gravitacionnoi linzy PKS 1830-211. Za eto vremya rasstoyanie mezhdu centrami izobrazhenii izmenilos' na 87 mikro uglovyh sekundy.

miniobzor astro-ph/0301199 Vremya ot nachala (Time Since the Beginning)
Author: Alan H. Guth
Commets: 13 pages, including 4 figures, LaTeX 2.09, attached style file AATS2.sty required. Review talk given at "Astrophysical Ages and Time Scales," Hilo, Hawaii, 5-9 February 2001. The paper has already been published
Journal-ref: Astrophysical Ages and Time Scales," Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 245, pp. 3-17 (2001)
Odin iz osnovopolozhnikov teorii inflyacii dovol'no populyarno pishet o svoei tematike. V principe nichego novogo, no pochitat' priyatno. Krome togo, postroeny nekotorye prostye grafiki, kotorye polezno imet' pered glazami, razmyshlyaya o raznyh modelyah.

astro-ph/0301229 Obnaruzhenie temnoi materii s pomosh'yu centrifugi (Detecting dark matter using centrifuging techniques)
Authors: S. Mitra and R. Foot
Commets: About 9 pages
Avtory obrashayut vnimanie na to, chto poka nedostatochno proverena odna iz gipotez. Ona zaklyuchaetsya v tom, chto krome togo, chto chasticy temnoi materii mogut dostatochno sil'no vzaimodeistvovat' drug s drugom, chtoby obrazovyvat' "granuly" (grains), oni mogut dostatochno sil'no vzaimodeistvovat' s obychnym veshestvom, chtoby nahodit'sya vokrug nas. Takie chasticy poluchayutsya v nekotoryh teoriyah s t.n. "zerkal'noi simmetriei". Po mneniyu avtorov obnaruzhit' takie chasticy (tochnee granuly) mozhno s pomosh'yu centrifugi, ispol'zuya obychnoe veshestvo v kachestve fil'tra. Sovremennye centrifugi mogut davat' uskorenie do 10⁶ g. Pri upomyanutoi vyshe sile svyazi granuly iz chastic temnoi materii prosto "vyletyat" iz issleduemogo obrazca pri rabote centrifugi, esli ih razmer bol'she 100 mikron. Sootvetstvenno massa umen'shitsya, chto mozhno budet zaregistrirovat'. Po mneniyu Mitry i Futa etogo mozhet byt' dostatochno dlya obnaruzheniya chastic, esli oni sostavlyayut bolee millionoi doli (po masse) v issleduemom obrazce (otricatel'nyi rezul'tat eksperimenta pozvolit nalozhit' vazhnye verhnie predely na parametry chastic temnoi materii, v chastnosti mozhet pokazat', chto svyaz' dolzhna byt' slabee 10 ^-10 ot obychnoi kulonovskoi ).

astro-ph/0301232 Rentgenovskie AGN na ochen' vysokih krasnyh smesheniyah v severnom glubokom pole Chandra (Very High Redshift X-ray Selected AGN in the Chandra Deep Field-North)
Authors: A.J.Barger et al.
Commets: 5 pages, accepted by The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Pohozhe, chto Chandra pozvolyaet obnaruzhivat' aktivnye yadra galaktik na vysokih krasnyh smesheniyah po ih rentgenovskomu izlucheniyu, dazhe esli opticheskaya svetimost' nizka. Iz 423 dostatochno yarkih rentgenovskih istochnikov bol'shinstvo okazalis' lezhashimi v intervale z=5-6, a nekotorye na z>6 (z opredelyalos' po sravneniyu potokov v sosednih rentgenovskih intervalah). Iz etih istochnikov tol'ko primerno polovina vidna v optike.

astro-ph/0301238 Spektroskopiya vysokogo razresheniya zheltogo sverhgiganta Rho Kassiopei s 1993 vklyuchaya vspyshku 2000-2001 goda (High-Resolution Spectroscopy of the Yellow Hypergiant Rho Cassiopeiae from 1993 Through the Outburst of 2000-2001)
Authors: A.Lobel et al.
Commets: 86 pages, 15 figures, ApJ accepted for 2003, Feb. 1 issue. Press release, illustrations, and movies are available at http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~alobel
V 2000-2001 godu na zheltom sverhgigante proizoshla vspyshka, podobnaya nablyudavsheisya v 1945-47 i 1985-86 godah, no izuchenie ee bylo provedeno sovremennymi metodami. Vo vspyshke klass zvezdy izmenilsya ot A do M. Temp poteri massy dostig Mdot ~= 5.4h10^-2M_o/god. Pohozhe eto eshe odna zvezda tipa, Ets Kariny, kotoraya zavershila svoyu Yadernuyu evolyuciyu i v blizhaishee vremya vzorvetsya kak Sverhnovaya (pod blizhaishim vremenem podrazumevayutsya neskol'ko soten tysyach let).

astro-ph/0301239 Novyi podhod k morfologii galaktik: analiz pervogo reliza Sloanovskogo cifrovogo obzora neba ( A New Approach to Galaxy Morphology: I. Analysis of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Early Data Release)
Authors: Roberto Abraham et al.
Commets: ApJ in press
Seichas v astronomii nachinayut dominirovat' proekty, v kotoryh poluchaetsya ogromnoe kolichestvo dostatochno odnorodnoi informacii (avtomatizirovanye obzory neba i dr.). Potomu voznikaet neobhodimost' v novyh metodah obrabotki dannyh (vspomnim, naprimer, pro primenenie neironnyh setei (Belokurov i dr. 2002)). V etoi stat'e avtory opisyvayut novyi podhod k opredeleniyu morfologii galaktik. Krome astronomov sootvetstvuyushih special'nostei stat'ya mozhet byt' interesna specialistam po obrabotke dannyh.

astro-ph/0301240 Razdelenie fotonov i adronov po fluktuaciyam Cherenkovskogo izlucheniya (Gamma-Hadron Separation using Cerenkov Photon Density Fluctuations)
Authors: V.R.Chitnis, P.N.Bhat
Commets: 26 pages, 9 ps figures, 1 eps figure, To appear in Experimental Astronomy
Cherenkovskie teleskopy registriruyut kak fotony sverhvysokih energii, tak i zaryazhennye chasticy (adrony). Obychno ih razdelyayut po forme poluchayushegosya izobrazheniya. No eto vozmozhno tol'ko v teleskopah stroyashih izobrazhenie. V stat'e predlozhen metod vydeleniya adronnyh sobytii po fluktuaciyam Cherenkovskogo izlucheniya. Eta stat'ya mozhet byt' interesna ne tol'ko astronomam.

astro-ph/0301243 Massa neitronnoi zvezdy v Vela X-1 (The mass of the neutron star in Vela X-1 and tidally induced non-radial oscillations in GP Vel)
Authors: H. Quaintrell et al.
Commets: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, 12 pages
Opredelenie mass neitronnyh zvezd - ochen' vazhnaya zadacha, t.k. ona napryamuyu svyazana s fizikoi povedeniya veshestva pri ekstremal'nyh plotnostyah. Poka horosho opredeleny massy u neskol'kih radiopul'sarov. Voobshe, massy v astronomii proshe opredelyat' v dvoinyh sistemah. Poetomu, krome dvoinyh radiopul'sarov, bol'shoe vnimanie privlekayut rentgenovskie pul'sary. Ih izvestno neskol'ko desyatkov. No v formulu dlya opredeleniya massy vhodyat parametry orientacii orbity, kotorye obychno neizvestny. Krome sluchaev zatmennyh sistem. Nalichie zatmenii oznachaet, chto my nahodimsya pochti p ploskosti orbity. Dlya takih sistem, esli est' dannye po spektroskopii normal'noi zvezdy, mozhno dovol'no tochno opredelit' massu neitronnoi. Izvestno 7 rentgenovskih pul'sarov s zatmeniyami. Vela X-1 - odin iz nih.
Dolgoe vremya massa neitronnoi zvezdy v Vela X-1 byla samoi vysokoi (1.9 mass Solnca, Barziv i dr. 2001) i potomu s etim rezul'tatom sporili. I vot nezavisimaya gruppa podtverzhdaet vysokuyu massu neitronnoi zvezdy! Uchityvaya vse neopredelennosti massa sostavlyaet ot 1. 75 massy Solnca do 2. 44.
O drugih, menee tochnyh, sposobah ocenki massy i ogranicheniyah na uravnenie sostoyaniya sm. svezhuyu rabotu "X-ray Studies of Two Neutron Stars in 47 Tucanae: Toward Constraints on the Equation of State" astro-ph/0301235 i vyshe astro-ph/0301161. Proizvedeny, takzhe, izmereniya v sisteme J1740-5340, gde millimekundnyi pul'sar isparyaet malomassivnogo soseda (astro-ph/0301244). Polucheno horoshee znacheniya dlya otnosheniya mass komponentov, no sami massy oceneny s bol'shoi oshibkoi.

obzor astro-ph/0301248 Obrazovanie i evolyuciya ellipticheskih galaktik (Formation and Cosmic Evolution of Elliptical Galaxies)
Authors: J.A. de Freitas Pacheco et al.
Commets: 59 pages, 9 figures, Recent Research Developments in Astronomy and Astrophysics, in press, ps and pdf versions with higher resolution figures are also available at: http://www.obs-nice.fr/peirani/elliptical.html
Bol'shoi obzor po ellipticheskim galaktikam. Dannaya tema imeet otnoshenie kak (estestvenno) k fizike galaktik, tak i k zvezdnoi kinematike, kosmologii (obrazovanie struktur vo Vselennoi), astrofizike sverhmassivnyh chernyh dyr i t.d. Avtory privodyat mnogo fakticheskih dannyh.

astro-ph/0301250 Tomografiya akkrecionnyh potokov vblizi chernyh dyr (Echo Tomography of Black Hole Accretion Flows)
Authors: Keith Horne
Commets: To appear in: Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation, Future EUV, UV, and Visible Space Astrophysics Missions and Instrumentation, 22-28 Aug 2002, Waikoloa, HI, SPIE Proc 4856
Keit Horn (Keith Horne) yavlyaetsya izvestnym specialistom po tomografii akkrecionnyh diskov. Takoi vid issledovaniya vozmozhen, naprimer, v zatmennyh dvoinyh sistemah. V etoi stat'e rech' idet ob issledovanie akkrecionnyh potokov v aktivnyh yadrah galaktik, gde vtorogo ob'ekta net! Zdes' tehnologiya sovsem drugaya. Issleduetsya "eho" - pereizluchennyi svet. Izmeryayutsya vremennye zaderzhki, doplerovskii sdvig i t.d. Poka metodika nahoditsya v stadii stanovleniya. Avtor nadeetsya, chto v skorom budushem ona pomozhet uznat' mnogo novogo o processah v aktivnyh yadrah galaktik.

astro-ph/0301252 Evolyuciya rezonansnyh par planet (Evolution of Migrating Planet Pairs in Resonance)
Authors: S.Ferraz-Mello, C.Beauge and T.A.Michtchenko
Commets: submitted to Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy
V rabote dano chislennoe modelirovanie evolyucii pary planet (ili massivnyh sputnikov) nahodyashihsya v rezonanse 2/1 ili 3/1, pod vozdeistviem prilivnyh sil (bez dissipacii).

astro-ph/0301257 Odinochnye i dvoinye chernye dyry i ih vliyanie na strukturu yader (Single and Binary Black Holes and their Influence on Nuclear Structure)
Authors: David Merritt
Commets: 10 pages, 4 figures
Na strukturu raspredeleniya zvezd vblizi centra galaktiki ochen' sil'no vliyaet Raspolozhennaya v centre chernaya dyra. Avtor delaet vyvod, chto v yadrah galaktik S absolyutnoi vidimoi velichinoi M^v>-20 ob'yasnyayutsya odinochnymi chernymi dyrami, a v bolee yarkih - chernye dyre dvoinye.

miniobzor astro-ph/0301259 Evolyuciya massivnyh zvezd s vrasheniem i poterei massy (Evolution of massive stars with rotation and mass loss)
Author: Andre Maeder, Georges Meynet
Commets: 10 pages, 13 figures, IAU Symp. 215 `Stellar Rotation'', A. Maeder and P. Eenens eds., ASP Conf Ser. in press
Lidery zhenevskoi gruppy po izucheniyu zvezdnoi evolyucii dayut korotkii obzor vliyaniya effektov vrasheniya na zhiznennyi put' massivnyh zvezd. Oni okazyvayutsya dovol'no sushestvennymi. Prichem, chem nizhe metallichnost', tem vazhnee vrashenie. Eto okazyvaetsya vazhnym seichas v svyazi s vozrosshim interesom k zvezdam PopIII - samym pervym zvezdam, kotorye voznikli iz veshestva, pochti svobodnogo ot tyazhelyh elementov, a zatem, vzorvavshis' kak sverhnovye, obogatili nash mir elementami ot ugleroda do zheleza (i dal'she do urana).
Sm. takzhe stat'yu "The effects of rotation on Wolf--Rayet stars and on the production of primary nitrogen by intermediate mass stars" astro-ph/0301287.

astro-ph/0301263 Uskorenie chastic putem mnogokratnogo perehoda iz zaryazhennogo sostoyaniya v neitral'noe i obratno (Particle Acceleration through Multiple Conversions from Charged into Neutral State and Back)
Authors: E.V. Derishev et al.
Commets: 18 pages, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Avtory predlagayut novyi metod uskoreniya kosmicheskih luchei. Osnovnaya ideya sostoit v tom, chto chasticy mogut ispytyvat' mnogokratnye perehody i zaryazhennogo sostoyaniya v neitral'noe i obratno (naprimer: proton<->neitron, elektron/pozitron<->foton).
Dannyi metod pozvolyaet uskoryat' chasticy do 10²⁰ eV i vyshe, esli rech' idet o gamma-vspleskah i aktivnyh yadrah galaktik. Na men'shem masshtabe metod rabotaet v mikrokvazarah.
"Pobochnym effektom" dannogo processa yavlyaetsya izluchenie elektromagnitnyh voln i neitrino. Po mneniyu avtorov imenno eto yavlenie mozhet byt' otvetstvenno za gamma-izluchenie kosmicheskih vspleskov (dannyi vopros takzhe rassmatrivaetsya B. Shternom).

astro-ph/0301265 Novoe ob'yasnenie krivyh vrasheniya v spiral'nyh galaktikah bez galo temnoi materii s pomosh'yu akkrecii mezhgalakticheskogo veshestva (A new hypothesis to explain rotation curves in spiral galaxies without dark matter haloes by means of the accretion of the intergalactic medium)
Authors: M. Lopez-Corredoira
Commets: 25 pages, 6 figures, submitted to RevMexAA
Medlennoe ubyvanie skorosti vrasheniya vneshnih chastei galaktik (tak nazyvaemye "ploskie krivye vrasheniya") do sih por ob'yasnyalis' libo nalichiem nevidimogo galo, libo modificirovannym zakonom gravitacii. V dannoi stat'e predlozheno eshe odno ob'yasnenie - akkreciya mezhgalakticheskogo veshestva. Eta zhe gipoteza ob'yasnyaet U-obraznoe iskrivlenie ploskosti diska nekotoryh galaktik.

astro-ph/0301268 Standartnyi rezervuar kineticheskoi energii v poslesvecheniyah gamma-vspleskov (A Standard Kinetic Energy Reservoir in Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows)
Authors: E.Berger, S.R.Kulkarni and D.A.Frail
Commets: Submitted to ApJL; 17 pages; 2 tables; 2 figures
V stat'e dan analiz 41 rentgenovskogo poslesvecheniya gamma-vspleskov: rentgenovskie potoki, rasschitannaya izotropnaya svetimost', ugly kollimacii. Byla obnaruzhena korrelyaciya uglov kollimacii i izotropnoi svetimosti, chto oznachaet razbros istinnoi svetimosti poslesvechenii ne bolee chem v 2 raza. Eta gipoteza o standartnoi energii poslesvechenii interesno vyglyadit na fone vyskazannoi ranee gipotezy o standartnoi energii samih gamma-vspleskov (astro-ph/9908136).
Tablicy mozhno posmotret' tut.

obzor astro-ph/0301279 Opredelenie rasstoyanii po planetarnym tumannostyam (Distances from Planetary Nebulae)
Authors: Robin Ciardullo
Commets: 21 pages, Invited review at the International Workshop on "Stellar Candles for the Extragalactic Distance Scale", held in Concepcion, Chile
Izvestna problema "standartnyh svechei". Pro cefeidy (o nih sm. svezhayushuyu rabotu "Calibration of the Distance Scale from Cepheids" astro-ph/0301291) i sverhnovye Ia znayut vse, a vot pro planetarnye tumannosti navernyaka net. Potomu budet nebezinteresno prosmotret' podrobnyi obzor po opredeleniyu rasstoyanii do vnegalakticheskih ob'ektov po nablyudeniyam planetarnyh tumannostei.
Sm. takzhe stat'yu "The Latest Version of the Standardized Candle Method for Type II Supernovae" astro-ph/0301281 po opredeleniyu rasstoyanii po sverhnovym II tipa.

astro-ph/0301282 LSR0602+3910 - samyi yarkii korichnevyi karlik? (LSR0602+3910 - The Brightest Brown Dwarf in the Sky?)
Authors: Samir Salim, Sebastien Lepine, R. Michael Rich, Michael M. Shara
Commets: submitted to ApJL
Vse my lyubim iskat' tam, gde svetlee i proshe. Astronomy ochen' chasto izbegayut oblasti ploskosti Galaktiki, t.k. tam ochen' mnogo ob'ektov, i vybrat' sredi nih nuzhnye neprosto. No trudy teh, kto ne boitsya trudnostei, chasto byvayut voznagrazhdeny. Avtory stat'i obnaruzhili samyi yarkii korichnevyi karlik na nebe. Kstati, oni ocenili, chto do 40 procentov ob'ektov etogo tipa "prosmotreli", potomu chto ne iskali v ploskosti Mlechnogo Puti.

astro-ph/0301292 Verhnie predely na rentgenovskoe izluchenie "uranovyh" zvezd (Upper Limits on the X-ray Emission of "Uranium" Stars)
Authors: Eric M. Schlegel
Commets: accepted AJ, scheduled March
"Uranovymi" nazyvayut ochen' bednye metallom zvezdy ([Fe/H]<-3) v spektrah kotoryh nablyudayutsya linii urana. Uran ne mog vozniknut' v etih zvezdah v hode termoyadernyh reakcii. Ob'yasnenie etogo fenomena - zasorenie zvezdy pri vspyshke sverhnovoi v dvoinoi sisteme. Esli pri etom vzryve dvoinaya ne raspalas' (chto maloveroyatno, tak kak "uranovye" zvezdy imeyut maluyu massu), to v sisteme mozhet prisutstvovat' kompaktnyi ob'ekt, a na nego idti akkreciya. V stat'e dany ogranicheniya na rentgenovskie potoki ot etih zvezd.

gr-qc/0212121 Postn'yutonovskaya interpretaciya VLBI eksperimenta 8 sentyabrya 2002 goda (Post-Newtonian Treatment of the VLBI Experiment on September 8, 2002)
Authors: Sergei M. Kopeikin (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia, USA)
Commets: 13 pages, small modifications made after the AAS annual meeting in Seattle
Otvet Kopeikina na vozrazheniya po povodu eksperimenta po izmereniyu skorosti rasprostraneniya gravitacii, kotoryi byl vypolnen 8 sentyabrya 2002 goda pri prohozhdenii Yupitera vblizi kvazara J0842+1835.

astro-ph/0301310 Ogranicheniya na parametry temnoi materii po izmereniyam reliktovogo izlucheniya (Limits on the Dark Energy Parameters from Cosmic Microwave Background experiments)
Authors: D. Pogosyan, J.R. Bond, C.R. Contaldi
Commets: 4 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of the XVIII IAP Colloquium `On the nature of dark energy', Paris, 1-5 July 2002
Srazu vyvody:

Dannye po reliktu podtverzhdayut vyvody po sverhnovym (SN1a).
Tol'ko po reliktu poluchaetsya w < -0.4 (95% dostovernosti), po reliktu+SN1a w < -0.8.

astro-ph/0301318 Rannie rentgenovskie poslesvecheniya korotkih gamma-vspleskov Po dannym eksperimenta Konus (Early Hard X-ray Afterglows of Short GRBs with Konus Experiments)
Authors: D.D.Frederiks, R.L.Aptekar, S.V.Golenetskii et al.
Commets: 4 pages, 5 figures, talk at Rome 2002 GRB Conference
Priroda gamma-vspleskov - bol'shaya zagadka, no korotkie (<2 sek) vspleski - eto polnaya t'ma. I vot problesk, odin iz pervyh.
Dlya 10 iz 125 korotkih gamma-vspleskov, nablyudavshihsya v eksperimentah Konus-Wind i Konus-A, zaregistrirovano zhestkoe rentgenovskoe izluchenie Nachinayusheesya odnovremenno so vspleskom i dlyasheesya ot desyatkov do soten sekund. Veroyatno takie poslesvecheniya - ochen' obshee svoistvo korotkih gamma vspleskov. Bolee podrobnye dannye - v stat'e.

miniobzor astro-ph/0301327 Nedavnie otkrytiya molodyh radiopul'sarov (Recent discoveries of energetic young radio pulsars)
Authors: D.R. Lorimer
Commets: 10 pages, 5 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the workshop "Pulsars, AXPs and SGRs observed with BeppoSAX and other Observatories" held in Marsala, Sicily, September 2001
Daetsya ponyatnyi obzor po svoistvam molodyh radiopul'sarov i po nedavnim otkrytiyam v etoi oblasti. Rassmatrivayutsya associacii pul'sarov s ostatkami sverhnovyh, a takzhe vozmozhnye otozhdestvleniya s gamma-istochnikami sputnika EGRET.

astro-ph/0301328 Stroboskopicheskie opticheskie nablyudeniya pul'sara v Krabe (Stroboscopic optical observations of the Crab pulsar)
Authors: Simon Vidrih et al.
Commets: 4 pages, 3 figures.
Osnovoi etoi stat'i posluzhili 8 let stroboskopicheskih (s periodom 0.033 c) nablyudenii pul'sara v Krabovidnoi tumannosti. Fur'e analiz pokazal znachimoe prisutstvie 60-sekundnoi modulyacii signala, kotoruyu avtory interpretiruyut kak svobodnuyu precessiyu pul'sara.

astro-ph/0301331 Sootnoshenie mezhdu rentgenovskoi svetimost'yu i tempom zvezdoobrazovaniya v galaktikah (Lx-SFR relation in star forming galaxies)
Authors: M.Gilfanov et al.
Commets: 4 pages, submitted to MNRAS Letters
Rassmatrivaetsya korrelyaciya rentgenovskoi svetimosti i tempa zvezdoobrazovaniya v galaktikah s burnym formirovaniem zvezd. Iz teoreticheskih raschetov bylo yasno, chto kolichestvo (ili svetimost') massivnyh rentgenovskih dvoinyh yavlyaetsya horoshim indikatorom tempa zvezdoobrazovaniya (a otnoshenie sistem s chernymi dyrami i neitronnymi zvezdami yavlyaetsya horoshim indikatorom vozrasta). V serii rabot Gil'fanov, Grimm i Syunyaev (a takzhe Ranalli i dr.) privodyat obshirnyi nablyudatel'nyi material po korrelyacii svetimosti i tempa zvezdoobrazovaniya (otmetim takzhe stat'yu Postnova, posvyashennuyu interpretacii poluchennoi zavisimosti).

obzor astro-ph/0301334 Fizika sverhnovyh Ia i kosmologiya (Physics of SNeIa and Cosmology)
Author: P. Hoeflich, C. Gerardy, E. Linder & H. Marion
Commets: 25 pages, to be published in "Stellar Candles", eds. Gieren et al. Lecture Notes in Physics ( http://link.springer.de/series/lnpp)
Obzor po sverhnovym tipa Ia i ih kosmologicheskim prilozheniyam.

hep-ph/0301042 KamLAND, terrestrial heat sources and neutrino oscillations
Authors: G. Fiorentini, T. Lasserre, M. Lissia, B.Ricci, S.Schonert
Commets: 12 pages, RevTeX file, 3 ps figures included in the correct order
KamLAND - teper' izvestneishii eksperiment (sm. bol'shoi svezhii obzor "Neutrino Properties Before and After KamLAND" hep-ph/0301061). Pohozhe, chto v etom eksperimente byli vpervye zaregistrirovany neitrino obrazovavshiesya pri raspade radioaktivnyh elementov (urana i toriya) v nedrah Zemli ( $\approx$ 9 geo-neitrino). Vozmozhno eto edinstvennyi put' napryamuyu uznat' chto proishodit u nas pod nogami.

Arhiv statei, voshedshih v predydushie vypuski.
Razdely arhiva (s iyulya 2002 g.):
obzory, kosmologiya, neitrino, kosmicheskie luchi i gamma-astronomiya, galaktiki, AYaG, kvazary, nasha Galaktika, mezhzvezdnaya sreda, zvezdy, sverhnovye, ostatki sverhnovyh, chernye dyry, neitronnye zvezdy, linzirovanie, Solnce, ekzoplanety, Solnechnaya sistema, akkreciya, tesnye dvoinye sistemy, gamma-vspleski, gravitacionnye volny, mehanizmy izlucheniya, chislennoe modelirovanie, dinamika, mehanika metody obrabotki dannyh, MGD, metody nablyudenii, budushie nablyudatel'nye proekty, prochee.
Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki.
Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph s 2001 g.

Sergei Popov
Mihail Prohorov
astro-ph/0301263 Uskorenie chastic putem mnogokratnogo perehoda iz zaryazhennogo sostoyaniya v neitral'noe i obratno (Particle Acceleration through Multiple Conversions from Charged into Neutral State and Back)
Authors: E.V. Derishev et al.

astro-ph/0301282 LSR0602+3910 - samyi yarkii korichnevyi karlik? (LSR0602+3910 - The Brightest Brown Dwarf in the Sky?)
Authors: Samir Salim et al.

gr-qc/0212121 Postn'yutonovskaya interpretaciya VLBI eksperimenta 8 sentyabrya 2002 goda
Authors: S.M.Kopeikin

astro-ph/0301328 Stroboskopicheskie opticheskie nablyudeniya pul'sara v Krabe (Stroboscopic optical observations of the Crab pulsar)
Authors: Simon Vidrih et al.

sputnik astro-ph/0301158 Sputnik MAP - Microwave Anisotropy Probe (The Microwave Anisotropy Probe (MAP) Mission)
Authors: C. L. Bennett et al.
Commets: ApJ in press; 22 pages with 10 low-resolution figures; version with better quality figures is available at http://map.gsfc.nasa.gov/m_mm/tp_links.html
Seriya statei pro sputnik MAP (astro-ph/0301159, astro-ph/0301160, astro-ph/0301164).
Opisyvayutsya razlichnye detali ustroistva sputnika, ego naznachenie i t.d. i t.p. Naibolee obshaya i dostupnaya stat'ya - astro-ph/0301158. V svyazi so skorym opublikovaniem pervyh dannyh s etogo sputnika stat'ya budet nebezinteresna vsem interesuyushimsya sovremennoi kosmologiei.

astro-ph/0301161 Rentgenovskaya spektroskopiya odinochnoi neitronnoi zvezdy 1E1207.4-5209: sostav atmosfery i uravnenie sostoyaniya (X-ray spectroscopy of the isolated neutron star 1E1207.4-5209: Atmospheric composition and equation of state)
Authors: Kaya Mori, Charles J. Hailey
Commets: 26 pages, 8 figures, submitted to ApJ
U neitronnoi zvezdy 1E1207.4-5209 po dannym Chandry obnaruzheno dve shirokie spektral'nye detali. Avtory stat'i dayut interpretaciyu etim nablyudeniyam. Po ih raschetam za detali otvetstvenny geliepodobnye atomy kisloroda v magnitnom pole 10¹² Gs (tipichnom dlya neitronnyh zvezd). Esli schitat', chto massa neitronnoi zvezdy primerno 1.4 massy Solnca, to mozhno sdelat' ogranicheniya na uravneniya sostoyaniya: ono okazyvaetsya dostatochno zhestkim.

astro-ph/0301162 Yarkie sverhmyagkie rentgenovskie istochniki vo vneshnih galaktikah (Luminous Supersoft X-Ray Sources in External Galaxies)
Authors: R. Di Stefano and A.K.H. Kong (CfA)
Commets: 14 pages, 6 figures, ApJ submitted
Kolichestvo sverhmyagkih rentgenovskih istochnikov so svetimost'yu L > 10³⁷ erg/s v sosednih galaktikah sostavlyaet po krainei mere neskol'ko soten, no mozhet byt' i sushestvenno bol'she. Krome togo:

sredi istochnikov est' gruppa so svetimostyami L > 10³⁷ erg/s;
v spiral'nyh galaktikah M101, M83 i M51 sverhmyagkie istochniki associiruyutsya u spiral'nyh vetvei, chto ukazyvaet na ih nebol'shoi (<10⁸ let) vozrast.

astro-ph/0301174 Sboi pul'sara v Krabe: individual'nye sobytiya i kumulyativnyi effekt (The Crab glitches: incidence and cumulative effect)
Authors: F.Graham Smith, C. Jordan
Commets: 6 pages 5 figures, to appear in "Radio Pulsars" (ASP Conf. Ser.), eds. M. Bailes, D. Nice, & S. Thorsett
Za 33 goda nablyudenii pul'sara v Krabe nablyudalos' 14 glitchei (sboev perioda vrasheniya), za kotorymi shli periody relaksacii. No vse eti sboi mozhno predstavit' kak 3 "gigantskih" sobytiya razdelennyh primerno 12 godami. Takaya gipoteza pozvolyaet snyat' nekotorye problemy s zakonami tormozheniya.

astro-ph/0301184 The phase coherence of light from extragalactic sources - direct evidence against first order quantum gravity fluctuations in time and space
Authors: Richard Lieu, Lloyd W. Hillman
Commets: 9 pages, Accepted for publication by the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Vse bolee-menee uvereny, chto na ochen' malen'kih masshtabah (poryadka plankovskogo) svoistva prostranstva-vremeni dolzhny byt' otlichny ot privychnyh nam. Odnako, net nikakih eksperimental'nyh dannyh na etot schet (krome dovol'no plohih verhnih predelov). V stat'e rassmatrivaetsya, kak mozhno takie dannye poluchit' i kakie predely dayut sovremennye nablyudeniya. Avtory predlagayut ispol'zovat' nablyudeniya fazovoi kogerentnosti izlucheniya ot vnegalakticheskih istochnikov dlya polucheniya sootvetstvuyushei informacii (otmetim, chto vnegalakticheskie nablyudeniya v gamma-diapazone uzhe aktivno ispol'zuyutsya dlya poiska masshtaba kvantovoi gravitacii, no poka - predely, predely, predely...). V kachestve illyustracii rassmatrivayutsya nablyudeniya kolec Eiri ot odnoi aktivnoi galaktiki. Razumeetsya, opyat'-taki poka prosto mozhno dat' nekotorye verhnie predely, no metodika interesnaya.

miniobzor astro-ph/0301186 Laiman-al'fa les kak kosmologicheskii instrument (The Lyman-alpha Forest as a Cosmological Tool)
Authors: David H. Weinberg, Romeel Dav'e, Neal Katz, Juna A. Kollmeier
Commets: 13 pages, to appear in "The Emergence of Cosmic Structure," Proceedings of the 13th Annual Astrophysics Conference in Maryland, eds. S. Holt and C. Reynolds, AIP Press, 2003
Laiman-al'fa les - eto nabor spektral'nyh linii (pogloshenie) v spektre dalekogo vnegalakticheskogo ob'ekta, poyavlyayushiisya za schet veshestva na luche zreniya. Kvazar (ili galaktika) "prosvechivaet" vselennuyu, i my mozhem poluchat' vazhnuyu informaciyu o raspredelenii veshestva, kotorye drugimi metodami chasto neobnaruzhimo. V stat'e opisyvaetsya dannyi metod kosmologicheskih issledovanii. Avtory privodyat bol'shoi (dlya korotkogo obzora) spisok literatury. Tak chto zhelayushie mogut prodolzhit' chtenie, ispol'zuya uzhe original'nye stat'i.

obzor astro-ph/0301196 Astrofizika kosmicheskih luchei i vzaimodeistvie adronov (Cosmic Ray Astrophysics and Hadronic Interactions)
Authors: Paolo Lipari
Commets: Summary talk at the XII ISVHECRI (Inernational Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions). 16 pages, 9 figures
Istoriya izucheniya kosmicheskih luchei dlitsya uzhe vek, pri etom nekotorye ochen' vazhnye voprosy ne imeyut otvetov. Perspektivy blizhaishego desyatiletiya vpechatlyayut. Krome sovremennyh i planiruemyh eksperimentov v obzore rassmatrivaetsya vklad v astrofiziku kosmicheskih luchei, kotoryi mogut dat' pryamye izmereniya na uskoritele LHC v Cerne.

astro-ph/0301197 Izmenenie rasstoyaniya mezhdu izobrazheniyami v gravitacionnoi linze PKS 1830-211 (Changes in the measured image separation of the gravitational lens system, PKS 1830-211)
Authors: C.Jin, M.A. Garrett, S. Nair, R.W. Porcas, A.R. Patnaik, R. Nan
Commets: 8 pages, 5 figures
V techenie 14 nedel' s pomosh'yu VLBA na chastote 43 GGc stroilis' karty gravitacionnoi linzy PKS 1830-211. Za eto vremya rasstoyanie mezhdu centrami izobrazhenii izmenilos' na 87 mikro uglovyh sekundy.

miniobzor astro-ph/0301199 Vremya ot nachala (Time Since the Beginning)
Author: Alan H. Guth
Commets: 13 pages, including 4 figures, LaTeX 2.09, attached style file AATS2.sty required. Review talk given at "Astrophysical Ages and Time Scales," Hilo, Hawaii, 5-9 February 2001. The paper has already been published
Journal-ref: Astrophysical Ages and Time Scales," Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 245, pp. 3-17 (2001)
Odin iz osnovopolozhnikov teorii inflyacii dovol'no populyarno pishet o svoei tematike. V principe nichego novogo, no pochitat' priyatno. Krome togo, postroeny nekotorye prostye grafiki, kotorye polezno imet' pered glazami, razmyshlyaya o raznyh modelyah.

astro-ph/0301229 Obnaruzhenie temnoi materii s pomosh'yu centrifugi (Detecting dark matter using centrifuging techniques)
Authors: S. Mitra and R. Foot
Commets: About 9 pages
Avtory obrashayut vnimanie na to, chto poka nedostatochno proverena odna iz gipotez. Ona zaklyuchaetsya v tom, chto krome togo, chto chasticy temnoi materii mogut dostatochno sil'no vzaimodeistvovat' drug s drugom, chtoby obrazovyvat' "granuly" (grains), oni mogut dostatochno sil'no vzaimodeistvovat' s obychnym veshestvom, chtoby nahodit'sya vokrug nas. Takie chasticy poluchayutsya v nekotoryh teoriyah s t.n. "zerkal'noi simmetriei". Po mneniyu avtorov obnaruzhit' takie chasticy (tochnee granuly) mozhno s pomosh'yu centrifugi, ispol'zuya obychnoe veshestvo v kachestve fil'tra. Sovremennye centrifugi mogut davat' uskorenie do 10⁶ g. Pri upomyanutoi vyshe sile svyazi granuly iz chastic temnoi materii prosto "vyletyat" iz issleduemogo obrazca pri rabote centrifugi, esli ih razmer bol'she 100 mikron. Sootvetstvenno massa umen'shitsya, chto mozhno budet zaregistrirovat'. Po mneniyu Mitry i Futa etogo mozhet byt' dostatochno dlya obnaruzheniya chastic, esli oni sostavlyayut bolee millionoi doli (po masse) v issleduemom obrazce (otricatel'nyi rezul'tat eksperimenta pozvolit nalozhit' vazhnye verhnie predely na parametry chastic temnoi materii, v chastnosti mozhet pokazat', chto svyaz' dolzhna byt' slabee 10 ^-10 ot obychnoi kulonovskoi ).

astro-ph/0301232 Rentgenovskie AGN na ochen' vysokih krasnyh smesheniyah v severnom glubokom pole Chandra (Very High Redshift X-ray Selected AGN in the Chandra Deep Field-North)
Authors: A.J.Barger et al.
Commets: 5 pages, accepted by The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Pohozhe, chto Chandra pozvolyaet obnaruzhivat' aktivnye yadra galaktik na vysokih krasnyh smesheniyah po ih rentgenovskomu izlucheniyu, dazhe esli opticheskaya svetimost' nizka. Iz 423 dostatochno yarkih rentgenovskih istochnikov bol'shinstvo okazalis' lezhashimi v intervale z=5-6, a nekotorye na z>6 (z opredelyalos' po sravneniyu potokov v sosednih rentgenovskih intervalah). Iz etih istochnikov tol'ko primerno polovina vidna v optike.

astro-ph/0301238 Spektroskopiya vysokogo razresheniya zheltogo sverhgiganta Rho Kassiopei s 1993 vklyuchaya vspyshku 2000-2001 goda (High-Resolution Spectroscopy of the Yellow Hypergiant Rho Cassiopeiae from 1993 Through the Outburst of 2000-2001)
Authors: A.Lobel et al.
Commets: 86 pages, 15 figures, ApJ accepted for 2003, Feb. 1 issue. Press release, illustrations, and movies are available at http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~alobel
V 2000-2001 godu na zheltom sverhgigante proizoshla vspyshka, podobnaya nablyudavsheisya v 1945-47 i 1985-86 godah, no izuchenie ee bylo provedeno sovremennymi metodami. Vo vspyshke klass zvezdy izmenilsya ot A do M. Temp poteri massy dostig Mdot ~= 5.4h10^-2M_o/god. Pohozhe eto eshe odna zvezda tipa, Ets Kariny, kotoraya zavershila svoyu Yadernuyu evolyuciyu i v blizhaishee vremya vzorvetsya kak Sverhnovaya (pod blizhaishim vremenem podrazumevayutsya neskol'ko soten tysyach let).

astro-ph/0301239 Novyi podhod k morfologii galaktik: analiz pervogo reliza Sloanovskogo cifrovogo obzora neba ( A New Approach to Galaxy Morphology: I. Analysis of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Early Data Release)
Authors: Roberto Abraham et al.
Commets: ApJ in press
Seichas v astronomii nachinayut dominirovat' proekty, v kotoryh poluchaetsya ogromnoe kolichestvo dostatochno odnorodnoi informacii (avtomatizirovanye obzory neba i dr.). Potomu voznikaet neobhodimost' v novyh metodah obrabotki dannyh (vspomnim, naprimer, pro primenenie neironnyh setei (Belokurov i dr. 2002)). V etoi stat'e avtory opisyvayut novyi podhod k opredeleniyu morfologii galaktik. Krome astronomov sootvetstvuyushih special'nostei stat'ya mozhet byt' interesna specialistam po obrabotke dannyh.

astro-ph/0301240 Razdelenie fotonov i adronov po fluktuaciyam Cherenkovskogo izlucheniya (Gamma-Hadron Separation using Cerenkov Photon Density Fluctuations)
Authors: V.R.Chitnis, P.N.Bhat
Commets: 26 pages, 9 ps figures, 1 eps figure, To appear in Experimental Astronomy
Cherenkovskie teleskopy registriruyut kak fotony sverhvysokih energii, tak i zaryazhennye chasticy (adrony). Obychno ih razdelyayut po forme poluchayushegosya izobrazheniya. No eto vozmozhno tol'ko v teleskopah stroyashih izobrazhenie. V stat'e predlozhen metod vydeleniya adronnyh sobytii po fluktuaciyam Cherenkovskogo izlucheniya. Eta stat'ya mozhet byt' interesna ne tol'ko astronomam.

astro-ph/0301243 Massa neitronnoi zvezdy v Vela X-1 (The mass of the neutron star in Vela X-1 and tidally induced non-radial oscillations in GP Vel)
Authors: H. Quaintrell et al.
Commets: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, 12 pages
Opredelenie mass neitronnyh zvezd - ochen' vazhnaya zadacha, t.k. ona napryamuyu svyazana s fizikoi povedeniya veshestva pri ekstremal'nyh plotnostyah. Poka horosho opredeleny massy u neskol'kih radiopul'sarov. Voobshe, massy v astronomii proshe opredelyat' v dvoinyh sistemah. Poetomu, krome dvoinyh radiopul'sarov, bol'shoe vnimanie privlekayut rentgenovskie pul'sary. Ih izvestno neskol'ko desyatkov. No v formulu dlya opredeleniya massy vhodyat parametry orientacii orbity, kotorye obychno neizvestny. Krome sluchaev zatmennyh sistem. Nalichie zatmenii oznachaet, chto my nahodimsya pochti p ploskosti orbity. Dlya takih sistem, esli est' dannye po spektroskopii normal'noi zvezdy, mozhno dovol'no tochno opredelit' massu neitronnoi. Izvestno 7 rentgenovskih pul'sarov s zatmeniyami. Vela X-1 - odin iz nih.
Dolgoe vremya massa neitronnoi zvezdy v Vela X-1 byla samoi vysokoi (1.9 mass Solnca, Barziv i dr. 2001) i potomu s etim rezul'tatom sporili. I vot nezavisimaya gruppa podtverzhdaet vysokuyu massu neitronnoi zvezdy! Uchityvaya vse neopredelennosti massa sostavlyaet ot 1. 75 massy Solnca do 2. 44.
O drugih, menee tochnyh, sposobah ocenki massy i ogranicheniyah na uravnenie sostoyaniya sm. svezhuyu rabotu "X-ray Studies of Two Neutron Stars in 47 Tucanae: Toward Constraints on the Equation of State" astro-ph/0301235 i vyshe astro-ph/0301161. Proizvedeny, takzhe, izmereniya v sisteme J1740-5340, gde millimekundnyi pul'sar isparyaet malomassivnogo soseda (astro-ph/0301244). Polucheno horoshee znacheniya dlya otnosheniya mass komponentov, no sami massy oceneny s bol'shoi oshibkoi.

obzor astro-ph/0301248 Obrazovanie i evolyuciya ellipticheskih galaktik (Formation and Cosmic Evolution of Elliptical Galaxies)
Authors: J.A. de Freitas Pacheco et al.
Commets: 59 pages, 9 figures, Recent Research Developments in Astronomy and Astrophysics, in press, ps and pdf versions with higher resolution figures are also available at: http://www.obs-nice.fr/peirani/elliptical.html
Bol'shoi obzor po ellipticheskim galaktikam. Dannaya tema imeet otnoshenie kak (estestvenno) k fizike galaktik, tak i k zvezdnoi kinematike, kosmologii (obrazovanie struktur vo Vselennoi), astrofizike sverhmassivnyh chernyh dyr i t.d. Avtory privodyat mnogo fakticheskih dannyh.

astro-ph/0301250 Tomografiya akkrecionnyh potokov vblizi chernyh dyr (Echo Tomography of Black Hole Accretion Flows)
Authors: Keith Horne
Commets: To appear in: Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation, Future EUV, UV, and Visible Space Astrophysics Missions and Instrumentation, 22-28 Aug 2002, Waikoloa, HI, SPIE Proc 4856
Keit Horn (Keith Horne) yavlyaetsya izvestnym specialistom po tomografii akkrecionnyh diskov. Takoi vid issledovaniya vozmozhen, naprimer, v zatmennyh dvoinyh sistemah. V etoi stat'e rech' idet ob issledovanie akkrecionnyh potokov v aktivnyh yadrah galaktik, gde vtorogo ob'ekta net! Zdes' tehnologiya sovsem drugaya. Issleduetsya "eho" - pereizluchennyi svet. Izmeryayutsya vremennye zaderzhki, doplerovskii sdvig i t.d. Poka metodika nahoditsya v stadii stanovleniya. Avtor nadeetsya, chto v skorom budushem ona pomozhet uznat' mnogo novogo o processah v aktivnyh yadrah galaktik.

astro-ph/0301252 Evolyuciya rezonansnyh par planet (Evolution of Migrating Planet Pairs in Resonance)
Authors: S.Ferraz-Mello, C.Beauge and T.A.Michtchenko
Commets: submitted to Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy
V rabote dano chislennoe modelirovanie evolyucii pary planet (ili massivnyh sputnikov) nahodyashihsya v rezonanse 2/1 ili 3/1, pod vozdeistviem prilivnyh sil (bez dissipacii).

astro-ph/0301257 Odinochnye i dvoinye chernye dyry i ih vliyanie na strukturu yader (Single and Binary Black Holes and their Influence on Nuclear Structure)
Authors: David Merritt
Commets: 10 pages, 4 figures
Na strukturu raspredeleniya zvezd vblizi centra galaktiki ochen' sil'no vliyaet Raspolozhennaya v centre chernaya dyra. Avtor delaet vyvod, chto v yadrah galaktik S absolyutnoi vidimoi velichinoi M^v>-20 ob'yasnyayutsya odinochnymi chernymi dyrami, a v bolee yarkih - chernye dyre dvoinye.

miniobzor astro-ph/0301259 Evolyuciya massivnyh zvezd s vrasheniem i poterei massy (Evolution of massive stars with rotation and mass loss)
Author: Andre Maeder, Georges Meynet
Commets: 10 pages, 13 figures, IAU Symp. 215 `Stellar Rotation'', A. Maeder and P. Eenens eds., ASP Conf Ser. in press
Lidery zhenevskoi gruppy po izucheniyu zvezdnoi evolyucii dayut korotkii obzor vliyaniya effektov vrasheniya na zhiznennyi put' massivnyh zvezd. Oni okazyvayutsya dovol'no sushestvennymi. Prichem, chem nizhe metallichnost', tem vazhnee vrashenie. Eto okazyvaetsya vazhnym seichas v svyazi s vozrosshim interesom k zvezdam PopIII - samym pervym zvezdam, kotorye voznikli iz veshestva, pochti svobodnogo ot tyazhelyh elementov, a zatem, vzorvavshis' kak sverhnovye, obogatili nash mir elementami ot ugleroda do zheleza (i dal'she do urana).
Sm. takzhe stat'yu "The effects of rotation on Wolf--Rayet stars and on the production of primary nitrogen by intermediate mass stars" astro-ph/0301287.

astro-ph/0301263 Uskorenie chastic putem mnogokratnogo perehoda iz zaryazhennogo sostoyaniya v neitral'noe i obratno (Particle Acceleration through Multiple Conversions from Charged into Neutral State and Back)
Authors: E.V. Derishev et al.
Commets: 18 pages, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Avtory predlagayut novyi metod uskoreniya kosmicheskih luchei. Osnovnaya ideya sostoit v tom, chto chasticy mogut ispytyvat' mnogokratnye perehody i zaryazhennogo sostoyaniya v neitral'noe i obratno (naprimer: proton<->neitron, elektron/pozitron<->foton).
Dannyi metod pozvolyaet uskoryat' chasticy do 10²⁰ eV i vyshe, esli rech' idet o gamma-vspleskah i aktivnyh yadrah galaktik. Na men'shem masshtabe metod rabotaet v mikrokvazarah.
"Pobochnym effektom" dannogo processa yavlyaetsya izluchenie elektromagnitnyh voln i neitrino. Po mneniyu avtorov imenno eto yavlenie mozhet byt' otvetstvenno za gamma-izluchenie kosmicheskih vspleskov (dannyi vopros takzhe rassmatrivaetsya B. Shternom).

astro-ph/0301265 Novoe ob'yasnenie krivyh vrasheniya v spiral'nyh galaktikah bez galo temnoi materii s pomosh'yu akkrecii mezhgalakticheskogo veshestva (A new hypothesis to explain rotation curves in spiral galaxies without dark matter haloes by means of the accretion of the intergalactic medium)
Authors: M. Lopez-Corredoira
Commets: 25 pages, 6 figures, submitted to RevMexAA
Medlennoe ubyvanie skorosti vrasheniya vneshnih chastei galaktik (tak nazyvaemye "ploskie krivye vrasheniya") do sih por ob'yasnyalis' libo nalichiem nevidimogo galo, libo modificirovannym zakonom gravitacii. V dannoi stat'e predlozheno eshe odno ob'yasnenie - akkreciya mezhgalakticheskogo veshestva. Eta zhe gipoteza ob'yasnyaet U-obraznoe iskrivlenie ploskosti diska nekotoryh galaktik.

astro-ph/0301268 Standartnyi rezervuar kineticheskoi energii v poslesvecheniyah gamma-vspleskov (A Standard Kinetic Energy Reservoir in Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows)
Authors: E.Berger, S.R.Kulkarni and D.A.Frail
Commets: Submitted to ApJL; 17 pages; 2 tables; 2 figures
V stat'e dan analiz 41 rentgenovskogo poslesvecheniya gamma-vspleskov: rentgenovskie potoki, rasschitannaya izotropnaya svetimost', ugly kollimacii. Byla obnaruzhena korrelyaciya uglov kollimacii i izotropnoi svetimosti, chto oznachaet razbros istinnoi svetimosti poslesvechenii ne bolee chem v 2 raza. Eta gipoteza o standartnoi energii poslesvechenii interesno vyglyadit na fone vyskazannoi ranee gipotezy o standartnoi energii samih gamma-vspleskov (astro-ph/9908136).
Tablicy mozhno posmotret' tut.

obzor astro-ph/0301279 Opredelenie rasstoyanii po planetarnym tumannostyam (Distances from Planetary Nebulae)
Authors: Robin Ciardullo
Commets: 21 pages, Invited review at the International Workshop on "Stellar Candles for the Extragalactic Distance Scale", held in Concepcion, Chile
Izvestna problema "standartnyh svechei". Pro cefeidy (o nih sm. svezhayushuyu rabotu "Calibration of the Distance Scale from Cepheids" astro-ph/0301291) i sverhnovye Ia znayut vse, a vot pro planetarnye tumannosti navernyaka net. Potomu budet nebezinteresno prosmotret' podrobnyi obzor po opredeleniyu rasstoyanii do vnegalakticheskih ob'ektov po nablyudeniyam planetarnyh tumannostei.
Sm. takzhe stat'yu "The Latest Version of the Standardized Candle Method for Type II Supernovae" astro-ph/0301281 po opredeleniyu rasstoyanii po sverhnovym II tipa.

astro-ph/0301282 LSR0602+3910 - samyi yarkii korichnevyi karlik? (LSR0602+3910 - The Brightest Brown Dwarf in the Sky?)
Authors: Samir Salim, Sebastien Lepine, R. Michael Rich, Michael M. Shara
Commets: submitted to ApJL
Vse my lyubim iskat' tam, gde svetlee i proshe. Astronomy ochen' chasto izbegayut oblasti ploskosti Galaktiki, t.k. tam ochen' mnogo ob'ektov, i vybrat' sredi nih nuzhnye neprosto. No trudy teh, kto ne boitsya trudnostei, chasto byvayut voznagrazhdeny. Avtory stat'i obnaruzhili samyi yarkii korichnevyi karlik na nebe. Kstati, oni ocenili, chto do 40 procentov ob'ektov etogo tipa "prosmotreli", potomu chto ne iskali v ploskosti Mlechnogo Puti.

astro-ph/0301292 Verhnie predely na rentgenovskoe izluchenie "uranovyh" zvezd (Upper Limits on the X-ray Emission of "Uranium" Stars)
Authors: Eric M. Schlegel
Commets: accepted AJ, scheduled March
"Uranovymi" nazyvayut ochen' bednye metallom zvezdy ([Fe/H]<-3) v spektrah kotoryh nablyudayutsya linii urana. Uran ne mog vozniknut' v etih zvezdah v hode termoyadernyh reakcii. Ob'yasnenie etogo fenomena - zasorenie zvezdy pri vspyshke sverhnovoi v dvoinoi sisteme. Esli pri etom vzryve dvoinaya ne raspalas' (chto maloveroyatno, tak kak "uranovye" zvezdy imeyut maluyu massu), to v sisteme mozhet prisutstvovat' kompaktnyi ob'ekt, a na nego idti akkreciya. V stat'e dany ogranicheniya na rentgenovskie potoki ot etih zvezd.

gr-qc/0212121 Postn'yutonovskaya interpretaciya VLBI eksperimenta 8 sentyabrya 2002 goda (Post-Newtonian Treatment of the VLBI Experiment on September 8, 2002)
Authors: Sergei M. Kopeikin (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia, USA)
Commets: 13 pages, small modifications made after the AAS annual meeting in Seattle
Otvet Kopeikina na vozrazheniya po povodu eksperimenta po izmereniyu skorosti rasprostraneniya gravitacii, kotoryi byl vypolnen 8 sentyabrya 2002 goda pri prohozhdenii Yupitera vblizi kvazara J0842+1835.

astro-ph/0301310 Ogranicheniya na parametry temnoi materii po izmereniyam reliktovogo izlucheniya (Limits on the Dark Energy Parameters from Cosmic Microwave Background experiments)
Authors: D. Pogosyan, J.R. Bond, C.R. Contaldi
Commets: 4 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of the XVIII IAP Colloquium `On the nature of dark energy', Paris, 1-5 July 2002
Srazu vyvody:

Dannye po reliktu podtverzhdayut vyvody po sverhnovym (SN1a).
Tol'ko po reliktu poluchaetsya w < -0.4 (95% dostovernosti), po reliktu+SN1a w < -0.8.

astro-ph/0301318 Rannie rentgenovskie poslesvecheniya korotkih gamma-vspleskov Po dannym eksperimenta Konus (Early Hard X-ray Afterglows of Short GRBs with Konus Experiments)
Authors: D.D.Frederiks, R.L.Aptekar, S.V.Golenetskii et al.
Commets: 4 pages, 5 figures, talk at Rome 2002 GRB Conference
Priroda gamma-vspleskov - bol'shaya zagadka, no korotkie (<2 sek) vspleski - eto polnaya t'ma. I vot problesk, odin iz pervyh.
Dlya 10 iz 125 korotkih gamma-vspleskov, nablyudavshihsya v eksperimentah Konus-Wind i Konus-A, zaregistrirovano zhestkoe rentgenovskoe izluchenie Nachinayusheesya odnovremenno so vspleskom i dlyasheesya ot desyatkov do soten sekund. Veroyatno takie poslesvecheniya - ochen' obshee svoistvo korotkih gamma vspleskov. Bolee podrobnye dannye - v stat'e.

miniobzor astro-ph/0301327 Nedavnie otkrytiya molodyh radiopul'sarov (Recent discoveries of energetic young radio pulsars)
Authors: D.R. Lorimer
Commets: 10 pages, 5 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the workshop "Pulsars, AXPs and SGRs observed with BeppoSAX and other Observatories" held in Marsala, Sicily, September 2001
Daetsya ponyatnyi obzor po svoistvam molodyh radiopul'sarov i po nedavnim otkrytiyam v etoi oblasti. Rassmatrivayutsya associacii pul'sarov s ostatkami sverhnovyh, a takzhe vozmozhnye otozhdestvleniya s gamma-istochnikami sputnika EGRET.

astro-ph/0301328 Stroboskopicheskie opticheskie nablyudeniya pul'sara v Krabe (Stroboscopic optical observations of the Crab pulsar)
Authors: Simon Vidrih et al.
Commets: 4 pages, 3 figures.
Osnovoi etoi stat'i posluzhili 8 let stroboskopicheskih (s periodom 0.033 c) nablyudenii pul'sara v Krabovidnoi tumannosti. Fur'e analiz pokazal znachimoe prisutstvie 60-sekundnoi modulyacii signala, kotoruyu avtory interpretiruyut kak svobodnuyu precessiyu pul'sara.

astro-ph/0301331 Sootnoshenie mezhdu rentgenovskoi svetimost'yu i tempom zvezdoobrazovaniya v galaktikah (Lx-SFR relation in star forming galaxies)
Authors: M.Gilfanov et al.
Commets: 4 pages, submitted to MNRAS Letters
Rassmatrivaetsya korrelyaciya rentgenovskoi svetimosti i tempa zvezdoobrazovaniya v galaktikah s burnym formirovaniem zvezd. Iz teoreticheskih raschetov bylo yasno, chto kolichestvo (ili svetimost') massivnyh rentgenovskih dvoinyh yavlyaetsya horoshim indikatorom tempa zvezdoobrazovaniya (a otnoshenie sistem s chernymi dyrami i neitronnymi zvezdami yavlyaetsya horoshim indikatorom vozrasta). V serii rabot Gil'fanov, Grimm i Syunyaev (a takzhe Ranalli i dr.) privodyat obshirnyi nablyudatel'nyi material po korrelyacii svetimosti i tempa zvezdoobrazovaniya (otmetim takzhe stat'yu Postnova, posvyashennuyu interpretacii poluchennoi zavisimosti).

obzor astro-ph/0301334 Fizika sverhnovyh Ia i kosmologiya (Physics of SNeIa and Cosmology)
Author: P. Hoeflich, C. Gerardy, E. Linder & H. Marion
Commets: 25 pages, to be published in "Stellar Candles", eds. Gieren et al. Lecture Notes in Physics ( http://link.springer.de/series/lnpp)
Obzor po sverhnovym tipa Ia i ih kosmologicheskim prilozheniyam.

hep-ph/0301042 KamLAND, terrestrial heat sources and neutrino oscillations
Authors: G. Fiorentini, T. Lasserre, M. Lissia, B.Ricci, S.Schonert
Commets: 12 pages, RevTeX file, 3 ps figures included in the correct order
KamLAND - teper' izvestneishii eksperiment (sm. bol'shoi svezhii obzor "Neutrino Properties Before and After KamLAND" hep-ph/0301061). Pohozhe, chto v etom eksperimente byli vpervye zaregistrirovany neitrino obrazovavshiesya pri raspade radioaktivnyh elementov (urana i toriya) v nedrah Zemli ( $\approx$ 9 geo-neitrino). Vozmozhno eto edinstvennyi put' napryamuyu uznat' chto proishodit u nas pod nogami.

Arhiv statei, voshedshih v predydushie vypuski.
Razdely arhiva (s iyulya 2002 g.):
obzory, kosmologiya, neitrino, kosmicheskie luchi i gamma-astronomiya, galaktiki, AYaG, kvazary, nasha Galaktika, mezhzvezdnaya sreda, zvezdy, sverhnovye, ostatki sverhnovyh, chernye dyry, neitronnye zvezdy, linzirovanie, Solnce, ekzoplanety, Solnechnaya sistema, akkreciya, tesnye dvoinye sistemy, gamma-vspleski, gravitacionnye volny, mehanizmy izlucheniya, chislennoe modelirovanie, dinamika, mehanika metody obrabotki dannyh, MGD, metody nablyudenii, budushie nablyudatel'nye proekty, prochee.
Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki.
Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph s 2001 g.

Sergei Popov
Mihail Prohorov
astro-ph/0301282 LSR0602+3910 - samyi yarkii korichnevyi karlik? (LSR0602+3910 - The Brightest Brown Dwarf in the Sky?)
Authors: Samir Salim et al.

gr-qc/0212121 Postn'yutonovskaya interpretaciya VLBI eksperimenta 8 sentyabrya 2002 goda
Authors: S.M.Kopeikin

astro-ph/0301328 Stroboskopicheskie opticheskie nablyudeniya pul'sara v Krabe (Stroboscopic optical observations of the Crab pulsar)
Authors: Simon Vidrih et al.

sputnik astro-ph/0301158 Sputnik MAP - Microwave Anisotropy Probe (The Microwave Anisotropy Probe (MAP) Mission)
Authors: C. L. Bennett et al.
Commets: ApJ in press; 22 pages with 10 low-resolution figures; version with better quality figures is available at http://map.gsfc.nasa.gov/m_mm/tp_links.html
Seriya statei pro sputnik MAP (astro-ph/0301159, astro-ph/0301160, astro-ph/0301164).
Opisyvayutsya razlichnye detali ustroistva sputnika, ego naznachenie i t.d. i t.p. Naibolee obshaya i dostupnaya stat'ya - astro-ph/0301158. V svyazi so skorym opublikovaniem pervyh dannyh s etogo sputnika stat'ya budet nebezinteresna vsem interesuyushimsya sovremennoi kosmologiei.

astro-ph/0301161 Rentgenovskaya spektroskopiya odinochnoi neitronnoi zvezdy 1E1207.4-5209: sostav atmosfery i uravnenie sostoyaniya (X-ray spectroscopy of the isolated neutron star 1E1207.4-5209: Atmospheric composition and equation of state)
Authors: Kaya Mori, Charles J. Hailey
Commets: 26 pages, 8 figures, submitted to ApJ
U neitronnoi zvezdy 1E1207.4-5209 po dannym Chandry obnaruzheno dve shirokie spektral'nye detali. Avtory stat'i dayut interpretaciyu etim nablyudeniyam. Po ih raschetam za detali otvetstvenny geliepodobnye atomy kisloroda v magnitnom pole 10¹² Gs (tipichnom dlya neitronnyh zvezd). Esli schitat', chto massa neitronnoi zvezdy primerno 1.4 massy Solnca, to mozhno sdelat' ogranicheniya na uravneniya sostoyaniya: ono okazyvaetsya dostatochno zhestkim.

astro-ph/0301162 Yarkie sverhmyagkie rentgenovskie istochniki vo vneshnih galaktikah (Luminous Supersoft X-Ray Sources in External Galaxies)
Authors: R. Di Stefano and A.K.H. Kong (CfA)
Commets: 14 pages, 6 figures, ApJ submitted
Kolichestvo sverhmyagkih rentgenovskih istochnikov so svetimost'yu L > 10³⁷ erg/s v sosednih galaktikah sostavlyaet po krainei mere neskol'ko soten, no mozhet byt' i sushestvenno bol'she. Krome togo:

sredi istochnikov est' gruppa so svetimostyami L > 10³⁷ erg/s;
v spiral'nyh galaktikah M101, M83 i M51 sverhmyagkie istochniki associiruyutsya u spiral'nyh vetvei, chto ukazyvaet na ih nebol'shoi (<10⁸ let) vozrast.

astro-ph/0301174 Sboi pul'sara v Krabe: individual'nye sobytiya i kumulyativnyi effekt (The Crab glitches: incidence and cumulative effect)
Authors: F.Graham Smith, C. Jordan
Commets: 6 pages 5 figures, to appear in "Radio Pulsars" (ASP Conf. Ser.), eds. M. Bailes, D. Nice, & S. Thorsett
Za 33 goda nablyudenii pul'sara v Krabe nablyudalos' 14 glitchei (sboev perioda vrasheniya), za kotorymi shli periody relaksacii. No vse eti sboi mozhno predstavit' kak 3 "gigantskih" sobytiya razdelennyh primerno 12 godami. Takaya gipoteza pozvolyaet snyat' nekotorye problemy s zakonami tormozheniya.

astro-ph/0301184 The phase coherence of light from extragalactic sources - direct evidence against first order quantum gravity fluctuations in time and space
Authors: Richard Lieu, Lloyd W. Hillman
Commets: 9 pages, Accepted for publication by the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Vse bolee-menee uvereny, chto na ochen' malen'kih masshtabah (poryadka plankovskogo) svoistva prostranstva-vremeni dolzhny byt' otlichny ot privychnyh nam. Odnako, net nikakih eksperimental'nyh dannyh na etot schet (krome dovol'no plohih verhnih predelov). V stat'e rassmatrivaetsya, kak mozhno takie dannye poluchit' i kakie predely dayut sovremennye nablyudeniya. Avtory predlagayut ispol'zovat' nablyudeniya fazovoi kogerentnosti izlucheniya ot vnegalakticheskih istochnikov dlya polucheniya sootvetstvuyushei informacii (otmetim, chto vnegalakticheskie nablyudeniya v gamma-diapazone uzhe aktivno ispol'zuyutsya dlya poiska masshtaba kvantovoi gravitacii, no poka - predely, predely, predely...). V kachestve illyustracii rassmatrivayutsya nablyudeniya kolec Eiri ot odnoi aktivnoi galaktiki. Razumeetsya, opyat'-taki poka prosto mozhno dat' nekotorye verhnie predely, no metodika interesnaya.

miniobzor astro-ph/0301186 Laiman-al'fa les kak kosmologicheskii instrument (The Lyman-alpha Forest as a Cosmological Tool)
Authors: David H. Weinberg, Romeel Dav'e, Neal Katz, Juna A. Kollmeier
Commets: 13 pages, to appear in "The Emergence of Cosmic Structure," Proceedings of the 13th Annual Astrophysics Conference in Maryland, eds. S. Holt and C. Reynolds, AIP Press, 2003
Laiman-al'fa les - eto nabor spektral'nyh linii (pogloshenie) v spektre dalekogo vnegalakticheskogo ob'ekta, poyavlyayushiisya za schet veshestva na luche zreniya. Kvazar (ili galaktika) "prosvechivaet" vselennuyu, i my mozhem poluchat' vazhnuyu informaciyu o raspredelenii veshestva, kotorye drugimi metodami chasto neobnaruzhimo. V stat'e opisyvaetsya dannyi metod kosmologicheskih issledovanii. Avtory privodyat bol'shoi (dlya korotkogo obzora) spisok literatury. Tak chto zhelayushie mogut prodolzhit' chtenie, ispol'zuya uzhe original'nye stat'i.

obzor astro-ph/0301196 Astrofizika kosmicheskih luchei i vzaimodeistvie adronov (Cosmic Ray Astrophysics and Hadronic Interactions)
Authors: Paolo Lipari
Commets: Summary talk at the XII ISVHECRI (Inernational Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions). 16 pages, 9 figures
Istoriya izucheniya kosmicheskih luchei dlitsya uzhe vek, pri etom nekotorye ochen' vazhnye voprosy ne imeyut otvetov. Perspektivy blizhaishego desyatiletiya vpechatlyayut. Krome sovremennyh i planiruemyh eksperimentov v obzore rassmatrivaetsya vklad v astrofiziku kosmicheskih luchei, kotoryi mogut dat' pryamye izmereniya na uskoritele LHC v Cerne.

astro-ph/0301197 Izmenenie rasstoyaniya mezhdu izobrazheniyami v gravitacionnoi linze PKS 1830-211 (Changes in the measured image separation of the gravitational lens system, PKS 1830-211)
Authors: C.Jin, M.A. Garrett, S. Nair, R.W. Porcas, A.R. Patnaik, R. Nan
Commets: 8 pages, 5 figures
V techenie 14 nedel' s pomosh'yu VLBA na chastote 43 GGc stroilis' karty gravitacionnoi linzy PKS 1830-211. Za eto vremya rasstoyanie mezhdu centrami izobrazhenii izmenilos' na 87 mikro uglovyh sekundy.

miniobzor astro-ph/0301199 Vremya ot nachala (Time Since the Beginning)
Author: Alan H. Guth
Commets: 13 pages, including 4 figures, LaTeX 2.09, attached style file AATS2.sty required. Review talk given at "Astrophysical Ages and Time Scales," Hilo, Hawaii, 5-9 February 2001. The paper has already been published
Journal-ref: Astrophysical Ages and Time Scales," Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 245, pp. 3-17 (2001)
Odin iz osnovopolozhnikov teorii inflyacii dovol'no populyarno pishet o svoei tematike. V principe nichego novogo, no pochitat' priyatno. Krome togo, postroeny nekotorye prostye grafiki, kotorye polezno imet' pered glazami, razmyshlyaya o raznyh modelyah.

astro-ph/0301229 Obnaruzhenie temnoi materii s pomosh'yu centrifugi (Detecting dark matter using centrifuging techniques)
Authors: S. Mitra and R. Foot
Commets: About 9 pages
Avtory obrashayut vnimanie na to, chto poka nedostatochno proverena odna iz gipotez. Ona zaklyuchaetsya v tom, chto krome togo, chto chasticy temnoi materii mogut dostatochno sil'no vzaimodeistvovat' drug s drugom, chtoby obrazovyvat' "granuly" (grains), oni mogut dostatochno sil'no vzaimodeistvovat' s obychnym veshestvom, chtoby nahodit'sya vokrug nas. Takie chasticy poluchayutsya v nekotoryh teoriyah s t.n. "zerkal'noi simmetriei". Po mneniyu avtorov obnaruzhit' takie chasticy (tochnee granuly) mozhno s pomosh'yu centrifugi, ispol'zuya obychnoe veshestvo v kachestve fil'tra. Sovremennye centrifugi mogut davat' uskorenie do 10⁶ g. Pri upomyanutoi vyshe sile svyazi granuly iz chastic temnoi materii prosto "vyletyat" iz issleduemogo obrazca pri rabote centrifugi, esli ih razmer bol'she 100 mikron. Sootvetstvenno massa umen'shitsya, chto mozhno budet zaregistrirovat'. Po mneniyu Mitry i Futa etogo mozhet byt' dostatochno dlya obnaruzheniya chastic, esli oni sostavlyayut bolee millionoi doli (po masse) v issleduemom obrazce (otricatel'nyi rezul'tat eksperimenta pozvolit nalozhit' vazhnye verhnie predely na parametry chastic temnoi materii, v chastnosti mozhet pokazat', chto svyaz' dolzhna byt' slabee 10 ^-10 ot obychnoi kulonovskoi ).

astro-ph/0301232 Rentgenovskie AGN na ochen' vysokih krasnyh smesheniyah v severnom glubokom pole Chandra (Very High Redshift X-ray Selected AGN in the Chandra Deep Field-North)
Authors: A.J.Barger et al.
Commets: 5 pages, accepted by The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Pohozhe, chto Chandra pozvolyaet obnaruzhivat' aktivnye yadra galaktik na vysokih krasnyh smesheniyah po ih rentgenovskomu izlucheniyu, dazhe esli opticheskaya svetimost' nizka. Iz 423 dostatochno yarkih rentgenovskih istochnikov bol'shinstvo okazalis' lezhashimi v intervale z=5-6, a nekotorye na z>6 (z opredelyalos' po sravneniyu potokov v sosednih rentgenovskih intervalah). Iz etih istochnikov tol'ko primerno polovina vidna v optike.

astro-ph/0301238 Spektroskopiya vysokogo razresheniya zheltogo sverhgiganta Rho Kassiopei s 1993 vklyuchaya vspyshku 2000-2001 goda (High-Resolution Spectroscopy of the Yellow Hypergiant Rho Cassiopeiae from 1993 Through the Outburst of 2000-2001)
Authors: A.Lobel et al.
Commets: 86 pages, 15 figures, ApJ accepted for 2003, Feb. 1 issue. Press release, illustrations, and movies are available at http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~alobel
V 2000-2001 godu na zheltom sverhgigante proizoshla vspyshka, podobnaya nablyudavsheisya v 1945-47 i 1985-86 godah, no izuchenie ee bylo provedeno sovremennymi metodami. Vo vspyshke klass zvezdy izmenilsya ot A do M. Temp poteri massy dostig Mdot ~= 5.4h10^-2M_o/god. Pohozhe eto eshe odna zvezda tipa, Ets Kariny, kotoraya zavershila svoyu Yadernuyu evolyuciyu i v blizhaishee vremya vzorvetsya kak Sverhnovaya (pod blizhaishim vremenem podrazumevayutsya neskol'ko soten tysyach let).

astro-ph/0301239 Novyi podhod k morfologii galaktik: analiz pervogo reliza Sloanovskogo cifrovogo obzora neba ( A New Approach to Galaxy Morphology: I. Analysis of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Early Data Release)
Authors: Roberto Abraham et al.
Commets: ApJ in press
Seichas v astronomii nachinayut dominirovat' proekty, v kotoryh poluchaetsya ogromnoe kolichestvo dostatochno odnorodnoi informacii (avtomatizirovanye obzory neba i dr.). Potomu voznikaet neobhodimost' v novyh metodah obrabotki dannyh (vspomnim, naprimer, pro primenenie neironnyh setei (Belokurov i dr. 2002)). V etoi stat'e avtory opisyvayut novyi podhod k opredeleniyu morfologii galaktik. Krome astronomov sootvetstvuyushih special'nostei stat'ya mozhet byt' interesna specialistam po obrabotke dannyh.

astro-ph/0301240 Razdelenie fotonov i adronov po fluktuaciyam Cherenkovskogo izlucheniya (Gamma-Hadron Separation using Cerenkov Photon Density Fluctuations)
Authors: V.R.Chitnis, P.N.Bhat
Commets: 26 pages, 9 ps figures, 1 eps figure, To appear in Experimental Astronomy
Cherenkovskie teleskopy registriruyut kak fotony sverhvysokih energii, tak i zaryazhennye chasticy (adrony). Obychno ih razdelyayut po forme poluchayushegosya izobrazheniya. No eto vozmozhno tol'ko v teleskopah stroyashih izobrazhenie. V stat'e predlozhen metod vydeleniya adronnyh sobytii po fluktuaciyam Cherenkovskogo izlucheniya. Eta stat'ya mozhet byt' interesna ne tol'ko astronomam.

astro-ph/0301243 Massa neitronnoi zvezdy v Vela X-1 (The mass of the neutron star in Vela X-1 and tidally induced non-radial oscillations in GP Vel)
Authors: H. Quaintrell et al.
Commets: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, 12 pages
Opredelenie mass neitronnyh zvezd - ochen' vazhnaya zadacha, t.k. ona napryamuyu svyazana s fizikoi povedeniya veshestva pri ekstremal'nyh plotnostyah. Poka horosho opredeleny massy u neskol'kih radiopul'sarov. Voobshe, massy v astronomii proshe opredelyat' v dvoinyh sistemah. Poetomu, krome dvoinyh radiopul'sarov, bol'shoe vnimanie privlekayut rentgenovskie pul'sary. Ih izvestno neskol'ko desyatkov. No v formulu dlya opredeleniya massy vhodyat parametry orientacii orbity, kotorye obychno neizvestny. Krome sluchaev zatmennyh sistem. Nalichie zatmenii oznachaet, chto my nahodimsya pochti p ploskosti orbity. Dlya takih sistem, esli est' dannye po spektroskopii normal'noi zvezdy, mozhno dovol'no tochno opredelit' massu neitronnoi. Izvestno 7 rentgenovskih pul'sarov s zatmeniyami. Vela X-1 - odin iz nih.
Dolgoe vremya massa neitronnoi zvezdy v Vela X-1 byla samoi vysokoi (1.9 mass Solnca, Barziv i dr. 2001) i potomu s etim rezul'tatom sporili. I vot nezavisimaya gruppa podtverzhdaet vysokuyu massu neitronnoi zvezdy! Uchityvaya vse neopredelennosti massa sostavlyaet ot 1. 75 massy Solnca do 2. 44.
O drugih, menee tochnyh, sposobah ocenki massy i ogranicheniyah na uravnenie sostoyaniya sm. svezhuyu rabotu "X-ray Studies of Two Neutron Stars in 47 Tucanae: Toward Constraints on the Equation of State" astro-ph/0301235 i vyshe astro-ph/0301161. Proizvedeny, takzhe, izmereniya v sisteme J1740-5340, gde millimekundnyi pul'sar isparyaet malomassivnogo soseda (astro-ph/0301244). Polucheno horoshee znacheniya dlya otnosheniya mass komponentov, no sami massy oceneny s bol'shoi oshibkoi.

obzor astro-ph/0301248 Obrazovanie i evolyuciya ellipticheskih galaktik (Formation and Cosmic Evolution of Elliptical Galaxies)
Authors: J.A. de Freitas Pacheco et al.
Commets: 59 pages, 9 figures, Recent Research Developments in Astronomy and Astrophysics, in press, ps and pdf versions with higher resolution figures are also available at: http://www.obs-nice.fr/peirani/elliptical.html
Bol'shoi obzor po ellipticheskim galaktikam. Dannaya tema imeet otnoshenie kak (estestvenno) k fizike galaktik, tak i k zvezdnoi kinematike, kosmologii (obrazovanie struktur vo Vselennoi), astrofizike sverhmassivnyh chernyh dyr i t.d. Avtory privodyat mnogo fakticheskih dannyh.

astro-ph/0301250 Tomografiya akkrecionnyh potokov vblizi chernyh dyr (Echo Tomography of Black Hole Accretion Flows)
Authors: Keith Horne
Commets: To appear in: Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation, Future EUV, UV, and Visible Space Astrophysics Missions and Instrumentation, 22-28 Aug 2002, Waikoloa, HI, SPIE Proc 4856
Keit Horn (Keith Horne) yavlyaetsya izvestnym specialistom po tomografii akkrecionnyh diskov. Takoi vid issledovaniya vozmozhen, naprimer, v zatmennyh dvoinyh sistemah. V etoi stat'e rech' idet ob issledovanie akkrecionnyh potokov v aktivnyh yadrah galaktik, gde vtorogo ob'ekta net! Zdes' tehnologiya sovsem drugaya. Issleduetsya "eho" - pereizluchennyi svet. Izmeryayutsya vremennye zaderzhki, doplerovskii sdvig i t.d. Poka metodika nahoditsya v stadii stanovleniya. Avtor nadeetsya, chto v skorom budushem ona pomozhet uznat' mnogo novogo o processah v aktivnyh yadrah galaktik.

astro-ph/0301252 Evolyuciya rezonansnyh par planet (Evolution of Migrating Planet Pairs in Resonance)
Authors: S.Ferraz-Mello, C.Beauge and T.A.Michtchenko
Commets: submitted to Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy
V rabote dano chislennoe modelirovanie evolyucii pary planet (ili massivnyh sputnikov) nahodyashihsya v rezonanse 2/1 ili 3/1, pod vozdeistviem prilivnyh sil (bez dissipacii).

astro-ph/0301257 Odinochnye i dvoinye chernye dyry i ih vliyanie na strukturu yader (Single and Binary Black Holes and their Influence on Nuclear Structure)
Authors: David Merritt
Commets: 10 pages, 4 figures
Na strukturu raspredeleniya zvezd vblizi centra galaktiki ochen' sil'no vliyaet Raspolozhennaya v centre chernaya dyra. Avtor delaet vyvod, chto v yadrah galaktik S absolyutnoi vidimoi velichinoi M^v>-20 ob'yasnyayutsya odinochnymi chernymi dyrami, a v bolee yarkih - chernye dyre dvoinye.

miniobzor astro-ph/0301259 Evolyuciya massivnyh zvezd s vrasheniem i poterei massy (Evolution of massive stars with rotation and mass loss)
Author: Andre Maeder, Georges Meynet
Commets: 10 pages, 13 figures, IAU Symp. 215 `Stellar Rotation'', A. Maeder and P. Eenens eds., ASP Conf Ser. in press
Lidery zhenevskoi gruppy po izucheniyu zvezdnoi evolyucii dayut korotkii obzor vliyaniya effektov vrasheniya na zhiznennyi put' massivnyh zvezd. Oni okazyvayutsya dovol'no sushestvennymi. Prichem, chem nizhe metallichnost', tem vazhnee vrashenie. Eto okazyvaetsya vazhnym seichas v svyazi s vozrosshim interesom k zvezdam PopIII - samym pervym zvezdam, kotorye voznikli iz veshestva, pochti svobodnogo ot tyazhelyh elementov, a zatem, vzorvavshis' kak sverhnovye, obogatili nash mir elementami ot ugleroda do zheleza (i dal'she do urana).
Sm. takzhe stat'yu "The effects of rotation on Wolf--Rayet stars and on the production of primary nitrogen by intermediate mass stars" astro-ph/0301287.

astro-ph/0301263 Uskorenie chastic putem mnogokratnogo perehoda iz zaryazhennogo sostoyaniya v neitral'noe i obratno (Particle Acceleration through Multiple Conversions from Charged into Neutral State and Back)
Authors: E.V. Derishev et al.
Commets: 18 pages, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Avtory predlagayut novyi metod uskoreniya kosmicheskih luchei. Osnovnaya ideya sostoit v tom, chto chasticy mogut ispytyvat' mnogokratnye perehody i zaryazhennogo sostoyaniya v neitral'noe i obratno (naprimer: proton<->neitron, elektron/pozitron<->foton).
Dannyi metod pozvolyaet uskoryat' chasticy do 10²⁰ eV i vyshe, esli rech' idet o gamma-vspleskah i aktivnyh yadrah galaktik. Na men'shem masshtabe metod rabotaet v mikrokvazarah.
"Pobochnym effektom" dannogo processa yavlyaetsya izluchenie elektromagnitnyh voln i neitrino. Po mneniyu avtorov imenno eto yavlenie mozhet byt' otvetstvenno za gamma-izluchenie kosmicheskih vspleskov (dannyi vopros takzhe rassmatrivaetsya B. Shternom).

astro-ph/0301265 Novoe ob'yasnenie krivyh vrasheniya v spiral'nyh galaktikah bez galo temnoi materii s pomosh'yu akkrecii mezhgalakticheskogo veshestva (A new hypothesis to explain rotation curves in spiral galaxies without dark matter haloes by means of the accretion of the intergalactic medium)
Authors: M. Lopez-Corredoira
Commets: 25 pages, 6 figures, submitted to RevMexAA
Medlennoe ubyvanie skorosti vrasheniya vneshnih chastei galaktik (tak nazyvaemye "ploskie krivye vrasheniya") do sih por ob'yasnyalis' libo nalichiem nevidimogo galo, libo modificirovannym zakonom gravitacii. V dannoi stat'e predlozheno eshe odno ob'yasnenie - akkreciya mezhgalakticheskogo veshestva. Eta zhe gipoteza ob'yasnyaet U-obraznoe iskrivlenie ploskosti diska nekotoryh galaktik.

astro-ph/0301268 Standartnyi rezervuar kineticheskoi energii v poslesvecheniyah gamma-vspleskov (A Standard Kinetic Energy Reservoir in Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows)
Authors: E.Berger, S.R.Kulkarni and D.A.Frail
Commets: Submitted to ApJL; 17 pages; 2 tables; 2 figures
V stat'e dan analiz 41 rentgenovskogo poslesvecheniya gamma-vspleskov: rentgenovskie potoki, rasschitannaya izotropnaya svetimost', ugly kollimacii. Byla obnaruzhena korrelyaciya uglov kollimacii i izotropnoi svetimosti, chto oznachaet razbros istinnoi svetimosti poslesvechenii ne bolee chem v 2 raza. Eta gipoteza o standartnoi energii poslesvechenii interesno vyglyadit na fone vyskazannoi ranee gipotezy o standartnoi energii samih gamma-vspleskov (astro-ph/9908136).
Tablicy mozhno posmotret' tut.

obzor astro-ph/0301279 Opredelenie rasstoyanii po planetarnym tumannostyam (Distances from Planetary Nebulae)
Authors: Robin Ciardullo
Commets: 21 pages, Invited review at the International Workshop on "Stellar Candles for the Extragalactic Distance Scale", held in Concepcion, Chile
Izvestna problema "standartnyh svechei". Pro cefeidy (o nih sm. svezhayushuyu rabotu "Calibration of the Distance Scale from Cepheids" astro-ph/0301291) i sverhnovye Ia znayut vse, a vot pro planetarnye tumannosti navernyaka net. Potomu budet nebezinteresno prosmotret' podrobnyi obzor po opredeleniyu rasstoyanii do vnegalakticheskih ob'ektov po nablyudeniyam planetarnyh tumannostei.
Sm. takzhe stat'yu "The Latest Version of the Standardized Candle Method for Type II Supernovae" astro-ph/0301281 po opredeleniyu rasstoyanii po sverhnovym II tipa.

astro-ph/0301282 LSR0602+3910 - samyi yarkii korichnevyi karlik? (LSR0602+3910 - The Brightest Brown Dwarf in the Sky?)
Authors: Samir Salim, Sebastien Lepine, R. Michael Rich, Michael M. Shara
Commets: submitted to ApJL
Vse my lyubim iskat' tam, gde svetlee i proshe. Astronomy ochen' chasto izbegayut oblasti ploskosti Galaktiki, t.k. tam ochen' mnogo ob'ektov, i vybrat' sredi nih nuzhnye neprosto. No trudy teh, kto ne boitsya trudnostei, chasto byvayut voznagrazhdeny. Avtory stat'i obnaruzhili samyi yarkii korichnevyi karlik na nebe. Kstati, oni ocenili, chto do 40 procentov ob'ektov etogo tipa "prosmotreli", potomu chto ne iskali v ploskosti Mlechnogo Puti.

astro-ph/0301292 Verhnie predely na rentgenovskoe izluchenie "uranovyh" zvezd (Upper Limits on the X-ray Emission of "Uranium" Stars)
Authors: Eric M. Schlegel
Commets: accepted AJ, scheduled March
"Uranovymi" nazyvayut ochen' bednye metallom zvezdy ([Fe/H]<-3) v spektrah kotoryh nablyudayutsya linii urana. Uran ne mog vozniknut' v etih zvezdah v hode termoyadernyh reakcii. Ob'yasnenie etogo fenomena - zasorenie zvezdy pri vspyshke sverhnovoi v dvoinoi sisteme. Esli pri etom vzryve dvoinaya ne raspalas' (chto maloveroyatno, tak kak "uranovye" zvezdy imeyut maluyu massu), to v sisteme mozhet prisutstvovat' kompaktnyi ob'ekt, a na nego idti akkreciya. V stat'e dany ogranicheniya na rentgenovskie potoki ot etih zvezd.

gr-qc/0212121 Postn'yutonovskaya interpretaciya VLBI eksperimenta 8 sentyabrya 2002 goda (Post-Newtonian Treatment of the VLBI Experiment on September 8, 2002)
Authors: Sergei M. Kopeikin (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia, USA)
Commets: 13 pages, small modifications made after the AAS annual meeting in Seattle
Otvet Kopeikina na vozrazheniya po povodu eksperimenta po izmereniyu skorosti rasprostraneniya gravitacii, kotoryi byl vypolnen 8 sentyabrya 2002 goda pri prohozhdenii Yupitera vblizi kvazara J0842+1835.

astro-ph/0301310 Ogranicheniya na parametry temnoi materii po izmereniyam reliktovogo izlucheniya (Limits on the Dark Energy Parameters from Cosmic Microwave Background experiments)
Authors: D. Pogosyan, J.R. Bond, C.R. Contaldi
Commets: 4 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of the XVIII IAP Colloquium `On the nature of dark energy', Paris, 1-5 July 2002
Srazu vyvody:

Dannye po reliktu podtverzhdayut vyvody po sverhnovym (SN1a).
Tol'ko po reliktu poluchaetsya w < -0.4 (95% dostovernosti), po reliktu+SN1a w < -0.8.

astro-ph/0301318 Rannie rentgenovskie poslesvecheniya korotkih gamma-vspleskov Po dannym eksperimenta Konus (Early Hard X-ray Afterglows of Short GRBs with Konus Experiments)
Authors: D.D.Frederiks, R.L.Aptekar, S.V.Golenetskii et al.
Commets: 4 pages, 5 figures, talk at Rome 2002 GRB Conference
Priroda gamma-vspleskov - bol'shaya zagadka, no korotkie (<2 sek) vspleski - eto polnaya t'ma. I vot problesk, odin iz pervyh.
Dlya 10 iz 125 korotkih gamma-vspleskov, nablyudavshihsya v eksperimentah Konus-Wind i Konus-A, zaregistrirovano zhestkoe rentgenovskoe izluchenie Nachinayusheesya odnovremenno so vspleskom i dlyasheesya ot desyatkov do soten sekund. Veroyatno takie poslesvecheniya - ochen' obshee svoistvo korotkih gamma vspleskov. Bolee podrobnye dannye - v stat'e.

miniobzor astro-ph/0301327 Nedavnie otkrytiya molodyh radiopul'sarov (Recent discoveries of energetic young radio pulsars)
Authors: D.R. Lorimer
Commets: 10 pages, 5 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the workshop "Pulsars, AXPs and SGRs observed with BeppoSAX and other Observatories" held in Marsala, Sicily, September 2001
Daetsya ponyatnyi obzor po svoistvam molodyh radiopul'sarov i po nedavnim otkrytiyam v etoi oblasti. Rassmatrivayutsya associacii pul'sarov s ostatkami sverhnovyh, a takzhe vozmozhnye otozhdestvleniya s gamma-istochnikami sputnika EGRET.

astro-ph/0301328 Stroboskopicheskie opticheskie nablyudeniya pul'sara v Krabe (Stroboscopic optical observations of the Crab pulsar)
Authors: Simon Vidrih et al.
Commets: 4 pages, 3 figures.
Osnovoi etoi stat'i posluzhili 8 let stroboskopicheskih (s periodom 0.033 c) nablyudenii pul'sara v Krabovidnoi tumannosti. Fur'e analiz pokazal znachimoe prisutstvie 60-sekundnoi modulyacii signala, kotoruyu avtory interpretiruyut kak svobodnuyu precessiyu pul'sara.

astro-ph/0301331 Sootnoshenie mezhdu rentgenovskoi svetimost'yu i tempom zvezdoobrazovaniya v galaktikah (Lx-SFR relation in star forming galaxies)
Authors: M.Gilfanov et al.
Commets: 4 pages, submitted to MNRAS Letters
Rassmatrivaetsya korrelyaciya rentgenovskoi svetimosti i tempa zvezdoobrazovaniya v galaktikah s burnym formirovaniem zvezd. Iz teoreticheskih raschetov bylo yasno, chto kolichestvo (ili svetimost') massivnyh rentgenovskih dvoinyh yavlyaetsya horoshim indikatorom tempa zvezdoobrazovaniya (a otnoshenie sistem s chernymi dyrami i neitronnymi zvezdami yavlyaetsya horoshim indikatorom vozrasta). V serii rabot Gil'fanov, Grimm i Syunyaev (a takzhe Ranalli i dr.) privodyat obshirnyi nablyudatel'nyi material po korrelyacii svetimosti i tempa zvezdoobrazovaniya (otmetim takzhe stat'yu Postnova, posvyashennuyu interpretacii poluchennoi zavisimosti).

obzor astro-ph/0301334 Fizika sverhnovyh Ia i kosmologiya (Physics of SNeIa and Cosmology)
Author: P. Hoeflich, C. Gerardy, E. Linder & H. Marion
Commets: 25 pages, to be published in "Stellar Candles", eds. Gieren et al. Lecture Notes in Physics ( http://link.springer.de/series/lnpp)
Obzor po sverhnovym tipa Ia i ih kosmologicheskim prilozheniyam.

hep-ph/0301042 KamLAND, terrestrial heat sources and neutrino oscillations
Authors: G. Fiorentini, T. Lasserre, M. Lissia, B.Ricci, S.Schonert
Commets: 12 pages, RevTeX file, 3 ps figures included in the correct order
KamLAND - teper' izvestneishii eksperiment (sm. bol'shoi svezhii obzor "Neutrino Properties Before and After KamLAND" hep-ph/0301061). Pohozhe, chto v etom eksperimente byli vpervye zaregistrirovany neitrino obrazovavshiesya pri raspade radioaktivnyh elementov (urana i toriya) v nedrah Zemli ( $\approx$ 9 geo-neitrino). Vozmozhno eto edinstvennyi put' napryamuyu uznat' chto proishodit u nas pod nogami.

Arhiv statei, voshedshih v predydushie vypuski.
Razdely arhiva (s iyulya 2002 g.):
obzory, kosmologiya, neitrino, kosmicheskie luchi i gamma-astronomiya, galaktiki, AYaG, kvazary, nasha Galaktika, mezhzvezdnaya sreda, zvezdy, sverhnovye, ostatki sverhnovyh, chernye dyry, neitronnye zvezdy, linzirovanie, Solnce, ekzoplanety, Solnechnaya sistema, akkreciya, tesnye dvoinye sistemy, gamma-vspleski, gravitacionnye volny, mehanizmy izlucheniya, chislennoe modelirovanie, dinamika, mehanika metody obrabotki dannyh, MGD, metody nablyudenii, budushie nablyudatel'nye proekty, prochee.
Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki.
Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph s 2001 g.

Sergei Popov
Mihail Prohorov
gr-qc/0212121 Postn'yutonovskaya interpretaciya VLBI eksperimenta 8 sentyabrya 2002 goda
Authors: S.M.Kopeikin

astro-ph/0301328 Stroboskopicheskie opticheskie nablyudeniya pul'sara v Krabe (Stroboscopic optical observations of the Crab pulsar)
Authors: Simon Vidrih et al.

sputnik astro-ph/0301158 Sputnik MAP - Microwave Anisotropy Probe (The Microwave Anisotropy Probe (MAP) Mission)
Authors: C. L. Bennett et al.
Commets: ApJ in press; 22 pages with 10 low-resolution figures; version with better quality figures is available at http://map.gsfc.nasa.gov/m_mm/tp_links.html
Seriya statei pro sputnik MAP (astro-ph/0301159, astro-ph/0301160, astro-ph/0301164).
Opisyvayutsya razlichnye detali ustroistva sputnika, ego naznachenie i t.d. i t.p. Naibolee obshaya i dostupnaya stat'ya - astro-ph/0301158. V svyazi so skorym opublikovaniem pervyh dannyh s etogo sputnika stat'ya budet nebezinteresna vsem interesuyushimsya sovremennoi kosmologiei.

astro-ph/0301161 Rentgenovskaya spektroskopiya odinochnoi neitronnoi zvezdy 1E1207.4-5209: sostav atmosfery i uravnenie sostoyaniya (X-ray spectroscopy of the isolated neutron star 1E1207.4-5209: Atmospheric composition and equation of state)
Authors: Kaya Mori, Charles J. Hailey
Commets: 26 pages, 8 figures, submitted to ApJ
U neitronnoi zvezdy 1E1207.4-5209 po dannym Chandry obnaruzheno dve shirokie spektral'nye detali. Avtory stat'i dayut interpretaciyu etim nablyudeniyam. Po ih raschetam za detali otvetstvenny geliepodobnye atomy kisloroda v magnitnom pole 10¹² Gs (tipichnom dlya neitronnyh zvezd). Esli schitat', chto massa neitronnoi zvezdy primerno 1.4 massy Solnca, to mozhno sdelat' ogranicheniya na uravneniya sostoyaniya: ono okazyvaetsya dostatochno zhestkim.

astro-ph/0301162 Yarkie sverhmyagkie rentgenovskie istochniki vo vneshnih galaktikah (Luminous Supersoft X-Ray Sources in External Galaxies)
Authors: R. Di Stefano and A.K.H. Kong (CfA)
Commets: 14 pages, 6 figures, ApJ submitted
Kolichestvo sverhmyagkih rentgenovskih istochnikov so svetimost'yu L > 10³⁷ erg/s v sosednih galaktikah sostavlyaet po krainei mere neskol'ko soten, no mozhet byt' i sushestvenno bol'she. Krome togo:

sredi istochnikov est' gruppa so svetimostyami L > 10³⁷ erg/s;
v spiral'nyh galaktikah M101, M83 i M51 sverhmyagkie istochniki associiruyutsya u spiral'nyh vetvei, chto ukazyvaet na ih nebol'shoi (<10⁸ let) vozrast.

astro-ph/0301174 Sboi pul'sara v Krabe: individual'nye sobytiya i kumulyativnyi effekt (The Crab glitches: incidence and cumulative effect)
Authors: F.Graham Smith, C. Jordan
Commets: 6 pages 5 figures, to appear in "Radio Pulsars" (ASP Conf. Ser.), eds. M. Bailes, D. Nice, & S. Thorsett
Za 33 goda nablyudenii pul'sara v Krabe nablyudalos' 14 glitchei (sboev perioda vrasheniya), za kotorymi shli periody relaksacii. No vse eti sboi mozhno predstavit' kak 3 "gigantskih" sobytiya razdelennyh primerno 12 godami. Takaya gipoteza pozvolyaet snyat' nekotorye problemy s zakonami tormozheniya.

astro-ph/0301184 The phase coherence of light from extragalactic sources - direct evidence against first order quantum gravity fluctuations in time and space
Authors: Richard Lieu, Lloyd W. Hillman
Commets: 9 pages, Accepted for publication by the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Vse bolee-menee uvereny, chto na ochen' malen'kih masshtabah (poryadka plankovskogo) svoistva prostranstva-vremeni dolzhny byt' otlichny ot privychnyh nam. Odnako, net nikakih eksperimental'nyh dannyh na etot schet (krome dovol'no plohih verhnih predelov). V stat'e rassmatrivaetsya, kak mozhno takie dannye poluchit' i kakie predely dayut sovremennye nablyudeniya. Avtory predlagayut ispol'zovat' nablyudeniya fazovoi kogerentnosti izlucheniya ot vnegalakticheskih istochnikov dlya polucheniya sootvetstvuyushei informacii (otmetim, chto vnegalakticheskie nablyudeniya v gamma-diapazone uzhe aktivno ispol'zuyutsya dlya poiska masshtaba kvantovoi gravitacii, no poka - predely, predely, predely...). V kachestve illyustracii rassmatrivayutsya nablyudeniya kolec Eiri ot odnoi aktivnoi galaktiki. Razumeetsya, opyat'-taki poka prosto mozhno dat' nekotorye verhnie predely, no metodika interesnaya.

miniobzor astro-ph/0301186 Laiman-al'fa les kak kosmologicheskii instrument (The Lyman-alpha Forest as a Cosmological Tool)
Authors: David H. Weinberg, Romeel Dav'e, Neal Katz, Juna A. Kollmeier
Commets: 13 pages, to appear in "The Emergence of Cosmic Structure," Proceedings of the 13th Annual Astrophysics Conference in Maryland, eds. S. Holt and C. Reynolds, AIP Press, 2003
Laiman-al'fa les - eto nabor spektral'nyh linii (pogloshenie) v spektre dalekogo vnegalakticheskogo ob'ekta, poyavlyayushiisya za schet veshestva na luche zreniya. Kvazar (ili galaktika) "prosvechivaet" vselennuyu, i my mozhem poluchat' vazhnuyu informaciyu o raspredelenii veshestva, kotorye drugimi metodami chasto neobnaruzhimo. V stat'e opisyvaetsya dannyi metod kosmologicheskih issledovanii. Avtory privodyat bol'shoi (dlya korotkogo obzora) spisok literatury. Tak chto zhelayushie mogut prodolzhit' chtenie, ispol'zuya uzhe original'nye stat'i.

obzor astro-ph/0301196 Astrofizika kosmicheskih luchei i vzaimodeistvie adronov (Cosmic Ray Astrophysics and Hadronic Interactions)
Authors: Paolo Lipari
Commets: Summary talk at the XII ISVHECRI (Inernational Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions). 16 pages, 9 figures
Istoriya izucheniya kosmicheskih luchei dlitsya uzhe vek, pri etom nekotorye ochen' vazhnye voprosy ne imeyut otvetov. Perspektivy blizhaishego desyatiletiya vpechatlyayut. Krome sovremennyh i planiruemyh eksperimentov v obzore rassmatrivaetsya vklad v astrofiziku kosmicheskih luchei, kotoryi mogut dat' pryamye izmereniya na uskoritele LHC v Cerne.

astro-ph/0301197 Izmenenie rasstoyaniya mezhdu izobrazheniyami v gravitacionnoi linze PKS 1830-211 (Changes in the measured image separation of the gravitational lens system, PKS 1830-211)
Authors: C.Jin, M.A. Garrett, S. Nair, R.W. Porcas, A.R. Patnaik, R. Nan
Commets: 8 pages, 5 figures
V techenie 14 nedel' s pomosh'yu VLBA na chastote 43 GGc stroilis' karty gravitacionnoi linzy PKS 1830-211. Za eto vremya rasstoyanie mezhdu centrami izobrazhenii izmenilos' na 87 mikro uglovyh sekundy.

miniobzor astro-ph/0301199 Vremya ot nachala (Time Since the Beginning)
Author: Alan H. Guth
Commets: 13 pages, including 4 figures, LaTeX 2.09, attached style file AATS2.sty required. Review talk given at "Astrophysical Ages and Time Scales," Hilo, Hawaii, 5-9 February 2001. The paper has already been published
Journal-ref: Astrophysical Ages and Time Scales," Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 245, pp. 3-17 (2001)
Odin iz osnovopolozhnikov teorii inflyacii dovol'no populyarno pishet o svoei tematike. V principe nichego novogo, no pochitat' priyatno. Krome togo, postroeny nekotorye prostye grafiki, kotorye polezno imet' pered glazami, razmyshlyaya o raznyh modelyah.

astro-ph/0301229 Obnaruzhenie temnoi materii s pomosh'yu centrifugi (Detecting dark matter using centrifuging techniques)
Authors: S. Mitra and R. Foot
Commets: About 9 pages
Avtory obrashayut vnimanie na to, chto poka nedostatochno proverena odna iz gipotez. Ona zaklyuchaetsya v tom, chto krome togo, chto chasticy temnoi materii mogut dostatochno sil'no vzaimodeistvovat' drug s drugom, chtoby obrazovyvat' "granuly" (grains), oni mogut dostatochno sil'no vzaimodeistvovat' s obychnym veshestvom, chtoby nahodit'sya vokrug nas. Takie chasticy poluchayutsya v nekotoryh teoriyah s t.n. "zerkal'noi simmetriei". Po mneniyu avtorov obnaruzhit' takie chasticy (tochnee granuly) mozhno s pomosh'yu centrifugi, ispol'zuya obychnoe veshestvo v kachestve fil'tra. Sovremennye centrifugi mogut davat' uskorenie do 10⁶ g. Pri upomyanutoi vyshe sile svyazi granuly iz chastic temnoi materii prosto "vyletyat" iz issleduemogo obrazca pri rabote centrifugi, esli ih razmer bol'she 100 mikron. Sootvetstvenno massa umen'shitsya, chto mozhno budet zaregistrirovat'. Po mneniyu Mitry i Futa etogo mozhet byt' dostatochno dlya obnaruzheniya chastic, esli oni sostavlyayut bolee millionoi doli (po masse) v issleduemom obrazce (otricatel'nyi rezul'tat eksperimenta pozvolit nalozhit' vazhnye verhnie predely na parametry chastic temnoi materii, v chastnosti mozhet pokazat', chto svyaz' dolzhna byt' slabee 10 ^-10 ot obychnoi kulonovskoi ).

astro-ph/0301232 Rentgenovskie AGN na ochen' vysokih krasnyh smesheniyah v severnom glubokom pole Chandra (Very High Redshift X-ray Selected AGN in the Chandra Deep Field-North)
Authors: A.J.Barger et al.
Commets: 5 pages, accepted by The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Pohozhe, chto Chandra pozvolyaet obnaruzhivat' aktivnye yadra galaktik na vysokih krasnyh smesheniyah po ih rentgenovskomu izlucheniyu, dazhe esli opticheskaya svetimost' nizka. Iz 423 dostatochno yarkih rentgenovskih istochnikov bol'shinstvo okazalis' lezhashimi v intervale z=5-6, a nekotorye na z>6 (z opredelyalos' po sravneniyu potokov v sosednih rentgenovskih intervalah). Iz etih istochnikov tol'ko primerno polovina vidna v optike.

astro-ph/0301238 Spektroskopiya vysokogo razresheniya zheltogo sverhgiganta Rho Kassiopei s 1993 vklyuchaya vspyshku 2000-2001 goda (High-Resolution Spectroscopy of the Yellow Hypergiant Rho Cassiopeiae from 1993 Through the Outburst of 2000-2001)
Authors: A.Lobel et al.
Commets: 86 pages, 15 figures, ApJ accepted for 2003, Feb. 1 issue. Press release, illustrations, and movies are available at http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~alobel
V 2000-2001 godu na zheltom sverhgigante proizoshla vspyshka, podobnaya nablyudavsheisya v 1945-47 i 1985-86 godah, no izuchenie ee bylo provedeno sovremennymi metodami. Vo vspyshke klass zvezdy izmenilsya ot A do M. Temp poteri massy dostig Mdot ~= 5.4h10^-2M_o/god. Pohozhe eto eshe odna zvezda tipa, Ets Kariny, kotoraya zavershila svoyu Yadernuyu evolyuciyu i v blizhaishee vremya vzorvetsya kak Sverhnovaya (pod blizhaishim vremenem podrazumevayutsya neskol'ko soten tysyach let).

astro-ph/0301239 Novyi podhod k morfologii galaktik: analiz pervogo reliza Sloanovskogo cifrovogo obzora neba ( A New Approach to Galaxy Morphology: I. Analysis of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Early Data Release)
Authors: Roberto Abraham et al.
Commets: ApJ in press
Seichas v astronomii nachinayut dominirovat' proekty, v kotoryh poluchaetsya ogromnoe kolichestvo dostatochno odnorodnoi informacii (avtomatizirovanye obzory neba i dr.). Potomu voznikaet neobhodimost' v novyh metodah obrabotki dannyh (vspomnim, naprimer, pro primenenie neironnyh setei (Belokurov i dr. 2002)). V etoi stat'e avtory opisyvayut novyi podhod k opredeleniyu morfologii galaktik. Krome astronomov sootvetstvuyushih special'nostei stat'ya mozhet byt' interesna specialistam po obrabotke dannyh.

astro-ph/0301240 Razdelenie fotonov i adronov po fluktuaciyam Cherenkovskogo izlucheniya (Gamma-Hadron Separation using Cerenkov Photon Density Fluctuations)
Authors: V.R.Chitnis, P.N.Bhat
Commets: 26 pages, 9 ps figures, 1 eps figure, To appear in Experimental Astronomy
Cherenkovskie teleskopy registriruyut kak fotony sverhvysokih energii, tak i zaryazhennye chasticy (adrony). Obychno ih razdelyayut po forme poluchayushegosya izobrazheniya. No eto vozmozhno tol'ko v teleskopah stroyashih izobrazhenie. V stat'e predlozhen metod vydeleniya adronnyh sobytii po fluktuaciyam Cherenkovskogo izlucheniya. Eta stat'ya mozhet byt' interesna ne tol'ko astronomam.

astro-ph/0301243 Massa neitronnoi zvezdy v Vela X-1 (The mass of the neutron star in Vela X-1 and tidally induced non-radial oscillations in GP Vel)
Authors: H. Quaintrell et al.
Commets: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, 12 pages
Opredelenie mass neitronnyh zvezd - ochen' vazhnaya zadacha, t.k. ona napryamuyu svyazana s fizikoi povedeniya veshestva pri ekstremal'nyh plotnostyah. Poka horosho opredeleny massy u neskol'kih radiopul'sarov. Voobshe, massy v astronomii proshe opredelyat' v dvoinyh sistemah. Poetomu, krome dvoinyh radiopul'sarov, bol'shoe vnimanie privlekayut rentgenovskie pul'sary. Ih izvestno neskol'ko desyatkov. No v formulu dlya opredeleniya massy vhodyat parametry orientacii orbity, kotorye obychno neizvestny. Krome sluchaev zatmennyh sistem. Nalichie zatmenii oznachaet, chto my nahodimsya pochti p ploskosti orbity. Dlya takih sistem, esli est' dannye po spektroskopii normal'noi zvezdy, mozhno dovol'no tochno opredelit' massu neitronnoi. Izvestno 7 rentgenovskih pul'sarov s zatmeniyami. Vela X-1 - odin iz nih.
Dolgoe vremya massa neitronnoi zvezdy v Vela X-1 byla samoi vysokoi (1.9 mass Solnca, Barziv i dr. 2001) i potomu s etim rezul'tatom sporili. I vot nezavisimaya gruppa podtverzhdaet vysokuyu massu neitronnoi zvezdy! Uchityvaya vse neopredelennosti massa sostavlyaet ot 1. 75 massy Solnca do 2. 44.
O drugih, menee tochnyh, sposobah ocenki massy i ogranicheniyah na uravnenie sostoyaniya sm. svezhuyu rabotu "X-ray Studies of Two Neutron Stars in 47 Tucanae: Toward Constraints on the Equation of State" astro-ph/0301235 i vyshe astro-ph/0301161. Proizvedeny, takzhe, izmereniya v sisteme J1740-5340, gde millimekundnyi pul'sar isparyaet malomassivnogo soseda (astro-ph/0301244). Polucheno horoshee znacheniya dlya otnosheniya mass komponentov, no sami massy oceneny s bol'shoi oshibkoi.

obzor astro-ph/0301248 Obrazovanie i evolyuciya ellipticheskih galaktik (Formation and Cosmic Evolution of Elliptical Galaxies)
Authors: J.A. de Freitas Pacheco et al.
Commets: 59 pages, 9 figures, Recent Research Developments in Astronomy and Astrophysics, in press, ps and pdf versions with higher resolution figures are also available at: http://www.obs-nice.fr/peirani/elliptical.html
Bol'shoi obzor po ellipticheskim galaktikam. Dannaya tema imeet otnoshenie kak (estestvenno) k fizike galaktik, tak i k zvezdnoi kinematike, kosmologii (obrazovanie struktur vo Vselennoi), astrofizike sverhmassivnyh chernyh dyr i t.d. Avtory privodyat mnogo fakticheskih dannyh.

astro-ph/0301250 Tomografiya akkrecionnyh potokov vblizi chernyh dyr (Echo Tomography of Black Hole Accretion Flows)
Authors: Keith Horne
Commets: To appear in: Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation, Future EUV, UV, and Visible Space Astrophysics Missions and Instrumentation, 22-28 Aug 2002, Waikoloa, HI, SPIE Proc 4856
Keit Horn (Keith Horne) yavlyaetsya izvestnym specialistom po tomografii akkrecionnyh diskov. Takoi vid issledovaniya vozmozhen, naprimer, v zatmennyh dvoinyh sistemah. V etoi stat'e rech' idet ob issledovanie akkrecionnyh potokov v aktivnyh yadrah galaktik, gde vtorogo ob'ekta net! Zdes' tehnologiya sovsem drugaya. Issleduetsya "eho" - pereizluchennyi svet. Izmeryayutsya vremennye zaderzhki, doplerovskii sdvig i t.d. Poka metodika nahoditsya v stadii stanovleniya. Avtor nadeetsya, chto v skorom budushem ona pomozhet uznat' mnogo novogo o processah v aktivnyh yadrah galaktik.

astro-ph/0301252 Evolyuciya rezonansnyh par planet (Evolution of Migrating Planet Pairs in Resonance)
Authors: S.Ferraz-Mello, C.Beauge and T.A.Michtchenko
Commets: submitted to Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy
V rabote dano chislennoe modelirovanie evolyucii pary planet (ili massivnyh sputnikov) nahodyashihsya v rezonanse 2/1 ili 3/1, pod vozdeistviem prilivnyh sil (bez dissipacii).

astro-ph/0301257 Odinochnye i dvoinye chernye dyry i ih vliyanie na strukturu yader (Single and Binary Black Holes and their Influence on Nuclear Structure)
Authors: David Merritt
Commets: 10 pages, 4 figures
Na strukturu raspredeleniya zvezd vblizi centra galaktiki ochen' sil'no vliyaet Raspolozhennaya v centre chernaya dyra. Avtor delaet vyvod, chto v yadrah galaktik S absolyutnoi vidimoi velichinoi M^v>-20 ob'yasnyayutsya odinochnymi chernymi dyrami, a v bolee yarkih - chernye dyre dvoinye.

miniobzor astro-ph/0301259 Evolyuciya massivnyh zvezd s vrasheniem i poterei massy (Evolution of massive stars with rotation and mass loss)
Author: Andre Maeder, Georges Meynet
Commets: 10 pages, 13 figures, IAU Symp. 215 `Stellar Rotation'', A. Maeder and P. Eenens eds., ASP Conf Ser. in press
Lidery zhenevskoi gruppy po izucheniyu zvezdnoi evolyucii dayut korotkii obzor vliyaniya effektov vrasheniya na zhiznennyi put' massivnyh zvezd. Oni okazyvayutsya dovol'no sushestvennymi. Prichem, chem nizhe metallichnost', tem vazhnee vrashenie. Eto okazyvaetsya vazhnym seichas v svyazi s vozrosshim interesom k zvezdam PopIII - samym pervym zvezdam, kotorye voznikli iz veshestva, pochti svobodnogo ot tyazhelyh elementov, a zatem, vzorvavshis' kak sverhnovye, obogatili nash mir elementami ot ugleroda do zheleza (i dal'she do urana).
Sm. takzhe stat'yu "The effects of rotation on Wolf--Rayet stars and on the production of primary nitrogen by intermediate mass stars" astro-ph/0301287.

astro-ph/0301263 Uskorenie chastic putem mnogokratnogo perehoda iz zaryazhennogo sostoyaniya v neitral'noe i obratno (Particle Acceleration through Multiple Conversions from Charged into Neutral State and Back)
Authors: E.V. Derishev et al.
Commets: 18 pages, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Avtory predlagayut novyi metod uskoreniya kosmicheskih luchei. Osnovnaya ideya sostoit v tom, chto chasticy mogut ispytyvat' mnogokratnye perehody i zaryazhennogo sostoyaniya v neitral'noe i obratno (naprimer: proton<->neitron, elektron/pozitron<->foton).
Dannyi metod pozvolyaet uskoryat' chasticy do 10²⁰ eV i vyshe, esli rech' idet o gamma-vspleskah i aktivnyh yadrah galaktik. Na men'shem masshtabe metod rabotaet v mikrokvazarah.
"Pobochnym effektom" dannogo processa yavlyaetsya izluchenie elektromagnitnyh voln i neitrino. Po mneniyu avtorov imenno eto yavlenie mozhet byt' otvetstvenno za gamma-izluchenie kosmicheskih vspleskov (dannyi vopros takzhe rassmatrivaetsya B. Shternom).

astro-ph/0301265 Novoe ob'yasnenie krivyh vrasheniya v spiral'nyh galaktikah bez galo temnoi materii s pomosh'yu akkrecii mezhgalakticheskogo veshestva (A new hypothesis to explain rotation curves in spiral galaxies without dark matter haloes by means of the accretion of the intergalactic medium)
Authors: M. Lopez-Corredoira
Commets: 25 pages, 6 figures, submitted to RevMexAA
Medlennoe ubyvanie skorosti vrasheniya vneshnih chastei galaktik (tak nazyvaemye "ploskie krivye vrasheniya") do sih por ob'yasnyalis' libo nalichiem nevidimogo galo, libo modificirovannym zakonom gravitacii. V dannoi stat'e predlozheno eshe odno ob'yasnenie - akkreciya mezhgalakticheskogo veshestva. Eta zhe gipoteza ob'yasnyaet U-obraznoe iskrivlenie ploskosti diska nekotoryh galaktik.

astro-ph/0301268 Standartnyi rezervuar kineticheskoi energii v poslesvecheniyah gamma-vspleskov (A Standard Kinetic Energy Reservoir in Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows)
Authors: E.Berger, S.R.Kulkarni and D.A.Frail
Commets: Submitted to ApJL; 17 pages; 2 tables; 2 figures
V stat'e dan analiz 41 rentgenovskogo poslesvecheniya gamma-vspleskov: rentgenovskie potoki, rasschitannaya izotropnaya svetimost', ugly kollimacii. Byla obnaruzhena korrelyaciya uglov kollimacii i izotropnoi svetimosti, chto oznachaet razbros istinnoi svetimosti poslesvechenii ne bolee chem v 2 raza. Eta gipoteza o standartnoi energii poslesvechenii interesno vyglyadit na fone vyskazannoi ranee gipotezy o standartnoi energii samih gamma-vspleskov (astro-ph/9908136).
Tablicy mozhno posmotret' tut.

obzor astro-ph/0301279 Opredelenie rasstoyanii po planetarnym tumannostyam (Distances from Planetary Nebulae)
Authors: Robin Ciardullo
Commets: 21 pages, Invited review at the International Workshop on "Stellar Candles for the Extragalactic Distance Scale", held in Concepcion, Chile
Izvestna problema "standartnyh svechei". Pro cefeidy (o nih sm. svezhayushuyu rabotu "Calibration of the Distance Scale from Cepheids" astro-ph/0301291) i sverhnovye Ia znayut vse, a vot pro planetarnye tumannosti navernyaka net. Potomu budet nebezinteresno prosmotret' podrobnyi obzor po opredeleniyu rasstoyanii do vnegalakticheskih ob'ektov po nablyudeniyam planetarnyh tumannostei.
Sm. takzhe stat'yu "The Latest Version of the Standardized Candle Method for Type II Supernovae" astro-ph/0301281 po opredeleniyu rasstoyanii po sverhnovym II tipa.

astro-ph/0301282 LSR0602+3910 - samyi yarkii korichnevyi karlik? (LSR0602+3910 - The Brightest Brown Dwarf in the Sky?)
Authors: Samir Salim, Sebastien Lepine, R. Michael Rich, Michael M. Shara
Commets: submitted to ApJL
Vse my lyubim iskat' tam, gde svetlee i proshe. Astronomy ochen' chasto izbegayut oblasti ploskosti Galaktiki, t.k. tam ochen' mnogo ob'ektov, i vybrat' sredi nih nuzhnye neprosto. No trudy teh, kto ne boitsya trudnostei, chasto byvayut voznagrazhdeny. Avtory stat'i obnaruzhili samyi yarkii korichnevyi karlik na nebe. Kstati, oni ocenili, chto do 40 procentov ob'ektov etogo tipa "prosmotreli", potomu chto ne iskali v ploskosti Mlechnogo Puti.

astro-ph/0301292 Verhnie predely na rentgenovskoe izluchenie "uranovyh" zvezd (Upper Limits on the X-ray Emission of "Uranium" Stars)
Authors: Eric M. Schlegel
Commets: accepted AJ, scheduled March
"Uranovymi" nazyvayut ochen' bednye metallom zvezdy ([Fe/H]<-3) v spektrah kotoryh nablyudayutsya linii urana. Uran ne mog vozniknut' v etih zvezdah v hode termoyadernyh reakcii. Ob'yasnenie etogo fenomena - zasorenie zvezdy pri vspyshke sverhnovoi v dvoinoi sisteme. Esli pri etom vzryve dvoinaya ne raspalas' (chto maloveroyatno, tak kak "uranovye" zvezdy imeyut maluyu massu), to v sisteme mozhet prisutstvovat' kompaktnyi ob'ekt, a na nego idti akkreciya. V stat'e dany ogranicheniya na rentgenovskie potoki ot etih zvezd.

gr-qc/0212121 Postn'yutonovskaya interpretaciya VLBI eksperimenta 8 sentyabrya 2002 goda (Post-Newtonian Treatment of the VLBI Experiment on September 8, 2002)
Authors: Sergei M. Kopeikin (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia, USA)
Commets: 13 pages, small modifications made after the AAS annual meeting in Seattle
Otvet Kopeikina na vozrazheniya po povodu eksperimenta po izmereniyu skorosti rasprostraneniya gravitacii, kotoryi byl vypolnen 8 sentyabrya 2002 goda pri prohozhdenii Yupitera vblizi kvazara J0842+1835.

astro-ph/0301310 Ogranicheniya na parametry temnoi materii po izmereniyam reliktovogo izlucheniya (Limits on the Dark Energy Parameters from Cosmic Microwave Background experiments)
Authors: D. Pogosyan, J.R. Bond, C.R. Contaldi
Commets: 4 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of the XVIII IAP Colloquium `On the nature of dark energy', Paris, 1-5 July 2002
Srazu vyvody:

Dannye po reliktu podtverzhdayut vyvody po sverhnovym (SN1a).
Tol'ko po reliktu poluchaetsya w < -0.4 (95% dostovernosti), po reliktu+SN1a w < -0.8.

astro-ph/0301318 Rannie rentgenovskie poslesvecheniya korotkih gamma-vspleskov Po dannym eksperimenta Konus (Early Hard X-ray Afterglows of Short GRBs with Konus Experiments)
Authors: D.D.Frederiks, R.L.Aptekar, S.V.Golenetskii et al.
Commets: 4 pages, 5 figures, talk at Rome 2002 GRB Conference
Priroda gamma-vspleskov - bol'shaya zagadka, no korotkie (<2 sek) vspleski - eto polnaya t'ma. I vot problesk, odin iz pervyh.
Dlya 10 iz 125 korotkih gamma-vspleskov, nablyudavshihsya v eksperimentah Konus-Wind i Konus-A, zaregistrirovano zhestkoe rentgenovskoe izluchenie Nachinayusheesya odnovremenno so vspleskom i dlyasheesya ot desyatkov do soten sekund. Veroyatno takie poslesvecheniya - ochen' obshee svoistvo korotkih gamma vspleskov. Bolee podrobnye dannye - v stat'e.

miniobzor astro-ph/0301327 Nedavnie otkrytiya molodyh radiopul'sarov (Recent discoveries of energetic young radio pulsars)
Authors: D.R. Lorimer
Commets: 10 pages, 5 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the workshop "Pulsars, AXPs and SGRs observed with BeppoSAX and other Observatories" held in Marsala, Sicily, September 2001
Daetsya ponyatnyi obzor po svoistvam molodyh radiopul'sarov i po nedavnim otkrytiyam v etoi oblasti. Rassmatrivayutsya associacii pul'sarov s ostatkami sverhnovyh, a takzhe vozmozhnye otozhdestvleniya s gamma-istochnikami sputnika EGRET.

astro-ph/0301328 Stroboskopicheskie opticheskie nablyudeniya pul'sara v Krabe (Stroboscopic optical observations of the Crab pulsar)
Authors: Simon Vidrih et al.
Commets: 4 pages, 3 figures.
Osnovoi etoi stat'i posluzhili 8 let stroboskopicheskih (s periodom 0.033 c) nablyudenii pul'sara v Krabovidnoi tumannosti. Fur'e analiz pokazal znachimoe prisutstvie 60-sekundnoi modulyacii signala, kotoruyu avtory interpretiruyut kak svobodnuyu precessiyu pul'sara.

astro-ph/0301331 Sootnoshenie mezhdu rentgenovskoi svetimost'yu i tempom zvezdoobrazovaniya v galaktikah (Lx-SFR relation in star forming galaxies)
Authors: M.Gilfanov et al.
Commets: 4 pages, submitted to MNRAS Letters
Rassmatrivaetsya korrelyaciya rentgenovskoi svetimosti i tempa zvezdoobrazovaniya v galaktikah s burnym formirovaniem zvezd. Iz teoreticheskih raschetov bylo yasno, chto kolichestvo (ili svetimost') massivnyh rentgenovskih dvoinyh yavlyaetsya horoshim indikatorom tempa zvezdoobrazovaniya (a otnoshenie sistem s chernymi dyrami i neitronnymi zvezdami yavlyaetsya horoshim indikatorom vozrasta). V serii rabot Gil'fanov, Grimm i Syunyaev (a takzhe Ranalli i dr.) privodyat obshirnyi nablyudatel'nyi material po korrelyacii svetimosti i tempa zvezdoobrazovaniya (otmetim takzhe stat'yu Postnova, posvyashennuyu interpretacii poluchennoi zavisimosti).

obzor astro-ph/0301334 Fizika sverhnovyh Ia i kosmologiya (Physics of SNeIa and Cosmology)
Author: P. Hoeflich, C. Gerardy, E. Linder & H. Marion
Commets: 25 pages, to be published in "Stellar Candles", eds. Gieren et al. Lecture Notes in Physics ( http://link.springer.de/series/lnpp)
Obzor po sverhnovym tipa Ia i ih kosmologicheskim prilozheniyam.

hep-ph/0301042 KamLAND, terrestrial heat sources and neutrino oscillations
Authors: G. Fiorentini, T. Lasserre, M. Lissia, B.Ricci, S.Schonert
Commets: 12 pages, RevTeX file, 3 ps figures included in the correct order
KamLAND - teper' izvestneishii eksperiment (sm. bol'shoi svezhii obzor "Neutrino Properties Before and After KamLAND" hep-ph/0301061). Pohozhe, chto v etom eksperimente byli vpervye zaregistrirovany neitrino obrazovavshiesya pri raspade radioaktivnyh elementov (urana i toriya) v nedrah Zemli ( $\approx$ 9 geo-neitrino). Vozmozhno eto edinstvennyi put' napryamuyu uznat' chto proishodit u nas pod nogami.

Arhiv statei, voshedshih v predydushie vypuski.
Razdely arhiva (s iyulya 2002 g.):
obzory, kosmologiya, neitrino, kosmicheskie luchi i gamma-astronomiya, galaktiki, AYaG, kvazary, nasha Galaktika, mezhzvezdnaya sreda, zvezdy, sverhnovye, ostatki sverhnovyh, chernye dyry, neitronnye zvezdy, linzirovanie, Solnce, ekzoplanety, Solnechnaya sistema, akkreciya, tesnye dvoinye sistemy, gamma-vspleski, gravitacionnye volny, mehanizmy izlucheniya, chislennoe modelirovanie, dinamika, mehanika metody obrabotki dannyh, MGD, metody nablyudenii, budushie nablyudatel'nye proekty, prochee.
Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki.
Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph s 2001 g.

Sergei Popov
Mihail Prohorov
astro-ph/0301328 Stroboskopicheskie opticheskie nablyudeniya pul'sara v Krabe (Stroboscopic optical observations of the Crab pulsar)
Authors: Simon Vidrih et al.

sputnik astro-ph/0301158 Sputnik MAP - Microwave Anisotropy Probe (The Microwave Anisotropy Probe (MAP) Mission)
Authors: C. L. Bennett et al.
Commets: ApJ in press; 22 pages with 10 low-resolution figures; version with better quality figures is available at http://map.gsfc.nasa.gov/m_mm/tp_links.html
Seriya statei pro sputnik MAP (astro-ph/0301159, astro-ph/0301160, astro-ph/0301164).
Opisyvayutsya razlichnye detali ustroistva sputnika, ego naznachenie i t.d. i t.p. Naibolee obshaya i dostupnaya stat'ya - astro-ph/0301158. V svyazi so skorym opublikovaniem pervyh dannyh s etogo sputnika stat'ya budet nebezinteresna vsem interesuyushimsya sovremennoi kosmologiei.

astro-ph/0301161 Rentgenovskaya spektroskopiya odinochnoi neitronnoi zvezdy 1E1207.4-5209: sostav atmosfery i uravnenie sostoyaniya (X-ray spectroscopy of the isolated neutron star 1E1207.4-5209: Atmospheric composition and equation of state)
Authors: Kaya Mori, Charles J. Hailey
Commets: 26 pages, 8 figures, submitted to ApJ
U neitronnoi zvezdy 1E1207.4-5209 po dannym Chandry obnaruzheno dve shirokie spektral'nye detali. Avtory stat'i dayut interpretaciyu etim nablyudeniyam. Po ih raschetam za detali otvetstvenny geliepodobnye atomy kisloroda v magnitnom pole 10¹² Gs (tipichnom dlya neitronnyh zvezd). Esli schitat', chto massa neitronnoi zvezdy primerno 1.4 massy Solnca, to mozhno sdelat' ogranicheniya na uravneniya sostoyaniya: ono okazyvaetsya dostatochno zhestkim.

astro-ph/0301162 Yarkie sverhmyagkie rentgenovskie istochniki vo vneshnih galaktikah (Luminous Supersoft X-Ray Sources in External Galaxies)
Authors: R. Di Stefano and A.K.H. Kong (CfA)
Commets: 14 pages, 6 figures, ApJ submitted
Kolichestvo sverhmyagkih rentgenovskih istochnikov so svetimost'yu L > 10³⁷ erg/s v sosednih galaktikah sostavlyaet po krainei mere neskol'ko soten, no mozhet byt' i sushestvenno bol'she. Krome togo:

sredi istochnikov est' gruppa so svetimostyami L > 10³⁷ erg/s;
v spiral'nyh galaktikah M101, M83 i M51 sverhmyagkie istochniki associiruyutsya u spiral'nyh vetvei, chto ukazyvaet na ih nebol'shoi (<10⁸ let) vozrast.

astro-ph/0301174 Sboi pul'sara v Krabe: individual'nye sobytiya i kumulyativnyi effekt (The Crab glitches: incidence and cumulative effect)
Authors: F.Graham Smith, C. Jordan
Commets: 6 pages 5 figures, to appear in "Radio Pulsars" (ASP Conf. Ser.), eds. M. Bailes, D. Nice, & S. Thorsett
Za 33 goda nablyudenii pul'sara v Krabe nablyudalos' 14 glitchei (sboev perioda vrasheniya), za kotorymi shli periody relaksacii. No vse eti sboi mozhno predstavit' kak 3 "gigantskih" sobytiya razdelennyh primerno 12 godami. Takaya gipoteza pozvolyaet snyat' nekotorye problemy s zakonami tormozheniya.

astro-ph/0301184 The phase coherence of light from extragalactic sources - direct evidence against first order quantum gravity fluctuations in time and space
Authors: Richard Lieu, Lloyd W. Hillman
Commets: 9 pages, Accepted for publication by the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Vse bolee-menee uvereny, chto na ochen' malen'kih masshtabah (poryadka plankovskogo) svoistva prostranstva-vremeni dolzhny byt' otlichny ot privychnyh nam. Odnako, net nikakih eksperimental'nyh dannyh na etot schet (krome dovol'no plohih verhnih predelov). V stat'e rassmatrivaetsya, kak mozhno takie dannye poluchit' i kakie predely dayut sovremennye nablyudeniya. Avtory predlagayut ispol'zovat' nablyudeniya fazovoi kogerentnosti izlucheniya ot vnegalakticheskih istochnikov dlya polucheniya sootvetstvuyushei informacii (otmetim, chto vnegalakticheskie nablyudeniya v gamma-diapazone uzhe aktivno ispol'zuyutsya dlya poiska masshtaba kvantovoi gravitacii, no poka - predely, predely, predely...). V kachestve illyustracii rassmatrivayutsya nablyudeniya kolec Eiri ot odnoi aktivnoi galaktiki. Razumeetsya, opyat'-taki poka prosto mozhno dat' nekotorye verhnie predely, no metodika interesnaya.

miniobzor astro-ph/0301186 Laiman-al'fa les kak kosmologicheskii instrument (The Lyman-alpha Forest as a Cosmological Tool)
Authors: David H. Weinberg, Romeel Dav'e, Neal Katz, Juna A. Kollmeier
Commets: 13 pages, to appear in "The Emergence of Cosmic Structure," Proceedings of the 13th Annual Astrophysics Conference in Maryland, eds. S. Holt and C. Reynolds, AIP Press, 2003
Laiman-al'fa les - eto nabor spektral'nyh linii (pogloshenie) v spektre dalekogo vnegalakticheskogo ob'ekta, poyavlyayushiisya za schet veshestva na luche zreniya. Kvazar (ili galaktika) "prosvechivaet" vselennuyu, i my mozhem poluchat' vazhnuyu informaciyu o raspredelenii veshestva, kotorye drugimi metodami chasto neobnaruzhimo. V stat'e opisyvaetsya dannyi metod kosmologicheskih issledovanii. Avtory privodyat bol'shoi (dlya korotkogo obzora) spisok literatury. Tak chto zhelayushie mogut prodolzhit' chtenie, ispol'zuya uzhe original'nye stat'i.

obzor astro-ph/0301196 Astrofizika kosmicheskih luchei i vzaimodeistvie adronov (Cosmic Ray Astrophysics and Hadronic Interactions)
Authors: Paolo Lipari
Commets: Summary talk at the XII ISVHECRI (Inernational Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions). 16 pages, 9 figures
Istoriya izucheniya kosmicheskih luchei dlitsya uzhe vek, pri etom nekotorye ochen' vazhnye voprosy ne imeyut otvetov. Perspektivy blizhaishego desyatiletiya vpechatlyayut. Krome sovremennyh i planiruemyh eksperimentov v obzore rassmatrivaetsya vklad v astrofiziku kosmicheskih luchei, kotoryi mogut dat' pryamye izmereniya na uskoritele LHC v Cerne.

astro-ph/0301197 Izmenenie rasstoyaniya mezhdu izobrazheniyami v gravitacionnoi linze PKS 1830-211 (Changes in the measured image separation of the gravitational lens system, PKS 1830-211)
Authors: C.Jin, M.A. Garrett, S. Nair, R.W. Porcas, A.R. Patnaik, R. Nan
Commets: 8 pages, 5 figures
V techenie 14 nedel' s pomosh'yu VLBA na chastote 43 GGc stroilis' karty gravitacionnoi linzy PKS 1830-211. Za eto vremya rasstoyanie mezhdu centrami izobrazhenii izmenilos' na 87 mikro uglovyh sekundy.

miniobzor astro-ph/0301199 Vremya ot nachala (Time Since the Beginning)
Author: Alan H. Guth
Commets: 13 pages, including 4 figures, LaTeX 2.09, attached style file AATS2.sty required. Review talk given at "Astrophysical Ages and Time Scales," Hilo, Hawaii, 5-9 February 2001. The paper has already been published
Journal-ref: Astrophysical Ages and Time Scales," Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 245, pp. 3-17 (2001)
Odin iz osnovopolozhnikov teorii inflyacii dovol'no populyarno pishet o svoei tematike. V principe nichego novogo, no pochitat' priyatno. Krome togo, postroeny nekotorye prostye grafiki, kotorye polezno imet' pered glazami, razmyshlyaya o raznyh modelyah.

astro-ph/0301229 Obnaruzhenie temnoi materii s pomosh'yu centrifugi (Detecting dark matter using centrifuging techniques)
Authors: S. Mitra and R. Foot
Commets: About 9 pages
Avtory obrashayut vnimanie na to, chto poka nedostatochno proverena odna iz gipotez. Ona zaklyuchaetsya v tom, chto krome togo, chto chasticy temnoi materii mogut dostatochno sil'no vzaimodeistvovat' drug s drugom, chtoby obrazovyvat' "granuly" (grains), oni mogut dostatochno sil'no vzaimodeistvovat' s obychnym veshestvom, chtoby nahodit'sya vokrug nas. Takie chasticy poluchayutsya v nekotoryh teoriyah s t.n. "zerkal'noi simmetriei". Po mneniyu avtorov obnaruzhit' takie chasticy (tochnee granuly) mozhno s pomosh'yu centrifugi, ispol'zuya obychnoe veshestvo v kachestve fil'tra. Sovremennye centrifugi mogut davat' uskorenie do 10⁶ g. Pri upomyanutoi vyshe sile svyazi granuly iz chastic temnoi materii prosto "vyletyat" iz issleduemogo obrazca pri rabote centrifugi, esli ih razmer bol'she 100 mikron. Sootvetstvenno massa umen'shitsya, chto mozhno budet zaregistrirovat'. Po mneniyu Mitry i Futa etogo mozhet byt' dostatochno dlya obnaruzheniya chastic, esli oni sostavlyayut bolee millionoi doli (po masse) v issleduemom obrazce (otricatel'nyi rezul'tat eksperimenta pozvolit nalozhit' vazhnye verhnie predely na parametry chastic temnoi materii, v chastnosti mozhet pokazat', chto svyaz' dolzhna byt' slabee 10 ^-10 ot obychnoi kulonovskoi ).

astro-ph/0301232 Rentgenovskie AGN na ochen' vysokih krasnyh smesheniyah v severnom glubokom pole Chandra (Very High Redshift X-ray Selected AGN in the Chandra Deep Field-North)
Authors: A.J.Barger et al.
Commets: 5 pages, accepted by The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Pohozhe, chto Chandra pozvolyaet obnaruzhivat' aktivnye yadra galaktik na vysokih krasnyh smesheniyah po ih rentgenovskomu izlucheniyu, dazhe esli opticheskaya svetimost' nizka. Iz 423 dostatochno yarkih rentgenovskih istochnikov bol'shinstvo okazalis' lezhashimi v intervale z=5-6, a nekotorye na z>6 (z opredelyalos' po sravneniyu potokov v sosednih rentgenovskih intervalah). Iz etih istochnikov tol'ko primerno polovina vidna v optike.

astro-ph/0301238 Spektroskopiya vysokogo razresheniya zheltogo sverhgiganta Rho Kassiopei s 1993 vklyuchaya vspyshku 2000-2001 goda (High-Resolution Spectroscopy of the Yellow Hypergiant Rho Cassiopeiae from 1993 Through the Outburst of 2000-2001)
Authors: A.Lobel et al.
Commets: 86 pages, 15 figures, ApJ accepted for 2003, Feb. 1 issue. Press release, illustrations, and movies are available at http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~alobel
V 2000-2001 godu na zheltom sverhgigante proizoshla vspyshka, podobnaya nablyudavsheisya v 1945-47 i 1985-86 godah, no izuchenie ee bylo provedeno sovremennymi metodami. Vo vspyshke klass zvezdy izmenilsya ot A do M. Temp poteri massy dostig Mdot ~= 5.4h10^-2M_o/god. Pohozhe eto eshe odna zvezda tipa, Ets Kariny, kotoraya zavershila svoyu Yadernuyu evolyuciyu i v blizhaishee vremya vzorvetsya kak Sverhnovaya (pod blizhaishim vremenem podrazumevayutsya neskol'ko soten tysyach let).

astro-ph/0301239 Novyi podhod k morfologii galaktik: analiz pervogo reliza Sloanovskogo cifrovogo obzora neba ( A New Approach to Galaxy Morphology: I. Analysis of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Early Data Release)
Authors: Roberto Abraham et al.
Commets: ApJ in press
Seichas v astronomii nachinayut dominirovat' proekty, v kotoryh poluchaetsya ogromnoe kolichestvo dostatochno odnorodnoi informacii (avtomatizirovanye obzory neba i dr.). Potomu voznikaet neobhodimost' v novyh metodah obrabotki dannyh (vspomnim, naprimer, pro primenenie neironnyh setei (Belokurov i dr. 2002)). V etoi stat'e avtory opisyvayut novyi podhod k opredeleniyu morfologii galaktik. Krome astronomov sootvetstvuyushih special'nostei stat'ya mozhet byt' interesna specialistam po obrabotke dannyh.

astro-ph/0301240 Razdelenie fotonov i adronov po fluktuaciyam Cherenkovskogo izlucheniya (Gamma-Hadron Separation using Cerenkov Photon Density Fluctuations)
Authors: V.R.Chitnis, P.N.Bhat
Commets: 26 pages, 9 ps figures, 1 eps figure, To appear in Experimental Astronomy
Cherenkovskie teleskopy registriruyut kak fotony sverhvysokih energii, tak i zaryazhennye chasticy (adrony). Obychno ih razdelyayut po forme poluchayushegosya izobrazheniya. No eto vozmozhno tol'ko v teleskopah stroyashih izobrazhenie. V stat'e predlozhen metod vydeleniya adronnyh sobytii po fluktuaciyam Cherenkovskogo izlucheniya. Eta stat'ya mozhet byt' interesna ne tol'ko astronomam.

astro-ph/0301243 Massa neitronnoi zvezdy v Vela X-1 (The mass of the neutron star in Vela X-1 and tidally induced non-radial oscillations in GP Vel)
Authors: H. Quaintrell et al.
Commets: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, 12 pages
Opredelenie mass neitronnyh zvezd - ochen' vazhnaya zadacha, t.k. ona napryamuyu svyazana s fizikoi povedeniya veshestva pri ekstremal'nyh plotnostyah. Poka horosho opredeleny massy u neskol'kih radiopul'sarov. Voobshe, massy v astronomii proshe opredelyat' v dvoinyh sistemah. Poetomu, krome dvoinyh radiopul'sarov, bol'shoe vnimanie privlekayut rentgenovskie pul'sary. Ih izvestno neskol'ko desyatkov. No v formulu dlya opredeleniya massy vhodyat parametry orientacii orbity, kotorye obychno neizvestny. Krome sluchaev zatmennyh sistem. Nalichie zatmenii oznachaet, chto my nahodimsya pochti p ploskosti orbity. Dlya takih sistem, esli est' dannye po spektroskopii normal'noi zvezdy, mozhno dovol'no tochno opredelit' massu neitronnoi. Izvestno 7 rentgenovskih pul'sarov s zatmeniyami. Vela X-1 - odin iz nih.
Dolgoe vremya massa neitronnoi zvezdy v Vela X-1 byla samoi vysokoi (1.9 mass Solnca, Barziv i dr. 2001) i potomu s etim rezul'tatom sporili. I vot nezavisimaya gruppa podtverzhdaet vysokuyu massu neitronnoi zvezdy! Uchityvaya vse neopredelennosti massa sostavlyaet ot 1. 75 massy Solnca do 2. 44.
O drugih, menee tochnyh, sposobah ocenki massy i ogranicheniyah na uravnenie sostoyaniya sm. svezhuyu rabotu "X-ray Studies of Two Neutron Stars in 47 Tucanae: Toward Constraints on the Equation of State" astro-ph/0301235 i vyshe astro-ph/0301161. Proizvedeny, takzhe, izmereniya v sisteme J1740-5340, gde millimekundnyi pul'sar isparyaet malomassivnogo soseda (astro-ph/0301244). Polucheno horoshee znacheniya dlya otnosheniya mass komponentov, no sami massy oceneny s bol'shoi oshibkoi.

obzor astro-ph/0301248 Obrazovanie i evolyuciya ellipticheskih galaktik (Formation and Cosmic Evolution of Elliptical Galaxies)
Authors: J.A. de Freitas Pacheco et al.
Commets: 59 pages, 9 figures, Recent Research Developments in Astronomy and Astrophysics, in press, ps and pdf versions with higher resolution figures are also available at: http://www.obs-nice.fr/peirani/elliptical.html
Bol'shoi obzor po ellipticheskim galaktikam. Dannaya tema imeet otnoshenie kak (estestvenno) k fizike galaktik, tak i k zvezdnoi kinematike, kosmologii (obrazovanie struktur vo Vselennoi), astrofizike sverhmassivnyh chernyh dyr i t.d. Avtory privodyat mnogo fakticheskih dannyh.

astro-ph/0301250 Tomografiya akkrecionnyh potokov vblizi chernyh dyr (Echo Tomography of Black Hole Accretion Flows)
Authors: Keith Horne
Commets: To appear in: Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation, Future EUV, UV, and Visible Space Astrophysics Missions and Instrumentation, 22-28 Aug 2002, Waikoloa, HI, SPIE Proc 4856
Keit Horn (Keith Horne) yavlyaetsya izvestnym specialistom po tomografii akkrecionnyh diskov. Takoi vid issledovaniya vozmozhen, naprimer, v zatmennyh dvoinyh sistemah. V etoi stat'e rech' idet ob issledovanie akkrecionnyh potokov v aktivnyh yadrah galaktik, gde vtorogo ob'ekta net! Zdes' tehnologiya sovsem drugaya. Issleduetsya "eho" - pereizluchennyi svet. Izmeryayutsya vremennye zaderzhki, doplerovskii sdvig i t.d. Poka metodika nahoditsya v stadii stanovleniya. Avtor nadeetsya, chto v skorom budushem ona pomozhet uznat' mnogo novogo o processah v aktivnyh yadrah galaktik.

astro-ph/0301252 Evolyuciya rezonansnyh par planet (Evolution of Migrating Planet Pairs in Resonance)
Authors: S.Ferraz-Mello, C.Beauge and T.A.Michtchenko
Commets: submitted to Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy
V rabote dano chislennoe modelirovanie evolyucii pary planet (ili massivnyh sputnikov) nahodyashihsya v rezonanse 2/1 ili 3/1, pod vozdeistviem prilivnyh sil (bez dissipacii).

astro-ph/0301257 Odinochnye i dvoinye chernye dyry i ih vliyanie na strukturu yader (Single and Binary Black Holes and their Influence on Nuclear Structure)
Authors: David Merritt
Commets: 10 pages, 4 figures
Na strukturu raspredeleniya zvezd vblizi centra galaktiki ochen' sil'no vliyaet Raspolozhennaya v centre chernaya dyra. Avtor delaet vyvod, chto v yadrah galaktik S absolyutnoi vidimoi velichinoi M^v>-20 ob'yasnyayutsya odinochnymi chernymi dyrami, a v bolee yarkih - chernye dyre dvoinye.

miniobzor astro-ph/0301259 Evolyuciya massivnyh zvezd s vrasheniem i poterei massy (Evolution of massive stars with rotation and mass loss)
Author: Andre Maeder, Georges Meynet
Commets: 10 pages, 13 figures, IAU Symp. 215 `Stellar Rotation'', A. Maeder and P. Eenens eds., ASP Conf Ser. in press
Lidery zhenevskoi gruppy po izucheniyu zvezdnoi evolyucii dayut korotkii obzor vliyaniya effektov vrasheniya na zhiznennyi put' massivnyh zvezd. Oni okazyvayutsya dovol'no sushestvennymi. Prichem, chem nizhe metallichnost', tem vazhnee vrashenie. Eto okazyvaetsya vazhnym seichas v svyazi s vozrosshim interesom k zvezdam PopIII - samym pervym zvezdam, kotorye voznikli iz veshestva, pochti svobodnogo ot tyazhelyh elementov, a zatem, vzorvavshis' kak sverhnovye, obogatili nash mir elementami ot ugleroda do zheleza (i dal'she do urana).
Sm. takzhe stat'yu "The effects of rotation on Wolf--Rayet stars and on the production of primary nitrogen by intermediate mass stars" astro-ph/0301287.

astro-ph/0301263 Uskorenie chastic putem mnogokratnogo perehoda iz zaryazhennogo sostoyaniya v neitral'noe i obratno (Particle Acceleration through Multiple Conversions from Charged into Neutral State and Back)
Authors: E.V. Derishev et al.
Commets: 18 pages, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Avtory predlagayut novyi metod uskoreniya kosmicheskih luchei. Osnovnaya ideya sostoit v tom, chto chasticy mogut ispytyvat' mnogokratnye perehody i zaryazhennogo sostoyaniya v neitral'noe i obratno (naprimer: proton<->neitron, elektron/pozitron<->foton).
Dannyi metod pozvolyaet uskoryat' chasticy do 10²⁰ eV i vyshe, esli rech' idet o gamma-vspleskah i aktivnyh yadrah galaktik. Na men'shem masshtabe metod rabotaet v mikrokvazarah.
"Pobochnym effektom" dannogo processa yavlyaetsya izluchenie elektromagnitnyh voln i neitrino. Po mneniyu avtorov imenno eto yavlenie mozhet byt' otvetstvenno za gamma-izluchenie kosmicheskih vspleskov (dannyi vopros takzhe rassmatrivaetsya B. Shternom).

astro-ph/0301265 Novoe ob'yasnenie krivyh vrasheniya v spiral'nyh galaktikah bez galo temnoi materii s pomosh'yu akkrecii mezhgalakticheskogo veshestva (A new hypothesis to explain rotation curves in spiral galaxies without dark matter haloes by means of the accretion of the intergalactic medium)
Authors: M. Lopez-Corredoira
Commets: 25 pages, 6 figures, submitted to RevMexAA
Medlennoe ubyvanie skorosti vrasheniya vneshnih chastei galaktik (tak nazyvaemye "ploskie krivye vrasheniya") do sih por ob'yasnyalis' libo nalichiem nevidimogo galo, libo modificirovannym zakonom gravitacii. V dannoi stat'e predlozheno eshe odno ob'yasnenie - akkreciya mezhgalakticheskogo veshestva. Eta zhe gipoteza ob'yasnyaet U-obraznoe iskrivlenie ploskosti diska nekotoryh galaktik.

astro-ph/0301268 Standartnyi rezervuar kineticheskoi energii v poslesvecheniyah gamma-vspleskov (A Standard Kinetic Energy Reservoir in Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows)
Authors: E.Berger, S.R.Kulkarni and D.A.Frail
Commets: Submitted to ApJL; 17 pages; 2 tables; 2 figures
V stat'e dan analiz 41 rentgenovskogo poslesvecheniya gamma-vspleskov: rentgenovskie potoki, rasschitannaya izotropnaya svetimost', ugly kollimacii. Byla obnaruzhena korrelyaciya uglov kollimacii i izotropnoi svetimosti, chto oznachaet razbros istinnoi svetimosti poslesvechenii ne bolee chem v 2 raza. Eta gipoteza o standartnoi energii poslesvechenii interesno vyglyadit na fone vyskazannoi ranee gipotezy o standartnoi energii samih gamma-vspleskov (astro-ph/9908136).
Tablicy mozhno posmotret' tut.

obzor astro-ph/0301279 Opredelenie rasstoyanii po planetarnym tumannostyam (Distances from Planetary Nebulae)
Authors: Robin Ciardullo
Commets: 21 pages, Invited review at the International Workshop on "Stellar Candles for the Extragalactic Distance Scale", held in Concepcion, Chile
Izvestna problema "standartnyh svechei". Pro cefeidy (o nih sm. svezhayushuyu rabotu "Calibration of the Distance Scale from Cepheids" astro-ph/0301291) i sverhnovye Ia znayut vse, a vot pro planetarnye tumannosti navernyaka net. Potomu budet nebezinteresno prosmotret' podrobnyi obzor po opredeleniyu rasstoyanii do vnegalakticheskih ob'ektov po nablyudeniyam planetarnyh tumannostei.
Sm. takzhe stat'yu "The Latest Version of the Standardized Candle Method for Type II Supernovae" astro-ph/0301281 po opredeleniyu rasstoyanii po sverhnovym II tipa.

astro-ph/0301282 LSR0602+3910 - samyi yarkii korichnevyi karlik? (LSR0602+3910 - The Brightest Brown Dwarf in the Sky?)
Authors: Samir Salim, Sebastien Lepine, R. Michael Rich, Michael M. Shara
Commets: submitted to ApJL
Vse my lyubim iskat' tam, gde svetlee i proshe. Astronomy ochen' chasto izbegayut oblasti ploskosti Galaktiki, t.k. tam ochen' mnogo ob'ektov, i vybrat' sredi nih nuzhnye neprosto. No trudy teh, kto ne boitsya trudnostei, chasto byvayut voznagrazhdeny. Avtory stat'i obnaruzhili samyi yarkii korichnevyi karlik na nebe. Kstati, oni ocenili, chto do 40 procentov ob'ektov etogo tipa "prosmotreli", potomu chto ne iskali v ploskosti Mlechnogo Puti.

astro-ph/0301292 Verhnie predely na rentgenovskoe izluchenie "uranovyh" zvezd (Upper Limits on the X-ray Emission of "Uranium" Stars)
Authors: Eric M. Schlegel
Commets: accepted AJ, scheduled March
"Uranovymi" nazyvayut ochen' bednye metallom zvezdy ([Fe/H]<-3) v spektrah kotoryh nablyudayutsya linii urana. Uran ne mog vozniknut' v etih zvezdah v hode termoyadernyh reakcii. Ob'yasnenie etogo fenomena - zasorenie zvezdy pri vspyshke sverhnovoi v dvoinoi sisteme. Esli pri etom vzryve dvoinaya ne raspalas' (chto maloveroyatno, tak kak "uranovye" zvezdy imeyut maluyu massu), to v sisteme mozhet prisutstvovat' kompaktnyi ob'ekt, a na nego idti akkreciya. V stat'e dany ogranicheniya na rentgenovskie potoki ot etih zvezd.

gr-qc/0212121 Postn'yutonovskaya interpretaciya VLBI eksperimenta 8 sentyabrya 2002 goda (Post-Newtonian Treatment of the VLBI Experiment on September 8, 2002)
Authors: Sergei M. Kopeikin (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia, USA)
Commets: 13 pages, small modifications made after the AAS annual meeting in Seattle
Otvet Kopeikina na vozrazheniya po povodu eksperimenta po izmereniyu skorosti rasprostraneniya gravitacii, kotoryi byl vypolnen 8 sentyabrya 2002 goda pri prohozhdenii Yupitera vblizi kvazara J0842+1835.

astro-ph/0301310 Ogranicheniya na parametry temnoi materii po izmereniyam reliktovogo izlucheniya (Limits on the Dark Energy Parameters from Cosmic Microwave Background experiments)
Authors: D. Pogosyan, J.R. Bond, C.R. Contaldi
Commets: 4 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of the XVIII IAP Colloquium `On the nature of dark energy', Paris, 1-5 July 2002
Srazu vyvody:

Dannye po reliktu podtverzhdayut vyvody po sverhnovym (SN1a).
Tol'ko po reliktu poluchaetsya w < -0.4 (95% dostovernosti), po reliktu+SN1a w < -0.8.

astro-ph/0301318 Rannie rentgenovskie poslesvecheniya korotkih gamma-vspleskov Po dannym eksperimenta Konus (Early Hard X-ray Afterglows of Short GRBs with Konus Experiments)
Authors: D.D.Frederiks, R.L.Aptekar, S.V.Golenetskii et al.
Commets: 4 pages, 5 figures, talk at Rome 2002 GRB Conference
Priroda gamma-vspleskov - bol'shaya zagadka, no korotkie (<2 sek) vspleski - eto polnaya t'ma. I vot problesk, odin iz pervyh.
Dlya 10 iz 125 korotkih gamma-vspleskov, nablyudavshihsya v eksperimentah Konus-Wind i Konus-A, zaregistrirovano zhestkoe rentgenovskoe izluchenie Nachinayusheesya odnovremenno so vspleskom i dlyasheesya ot desyatkov do soten sekund. Veroyatno takie poslesvecheniya - ochen' obshee svoistvo korotkih gamma vspleskov. Bolee podrobnye dannye - v stat'e.

miniobzor astro-ph/0301327 Nedavnie otkrytiya molodyh radiopul'sarov (Recent discoveries of energetic young radio pulsars)
Authors: D.R. Lorimer
Commets: 10 pages, 5 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the workshop "Pulsars, AXPs and SGRs observed with BeppoSAX and other Observatories" held in Marsala, Sicily, September 2001
Daetsya ponyatnyi obzor po svoistvam molodyh radiopul'sarov i po nedavnim otkrytiyam v etoi oblasti. Rassmatrivayutsya associacii pul'sarov s ostatkami sverhnovyh, a takzhe vozmozhnye otozhdestvleniya s gamma-istochnikami sputnika EGRET.

astro-ph/0301328 Stroboskopicheskie opticheskie nablyudeniya pul'sara v Krabe (Stroboscopic optical observations of the Crab pulsar)
Authors: Simon Vidrih et al.
Commets: 4 pages, 3 figures.
Osnovoi etoi stat'i posluzhili 8 let stroboskopicheskih (s periodom 0.033 c) nablyudenii pul'sara v Krabovidnoi tumannosti. Fur'e analiz pokazal znachimoe prisutstvie 60-sekundnoi modulyacii signala, kotoruyu avtory interpretiruyut kak svobodnuyu precessiyu pul'sara.

astro-ph/0301331 Sootnoshenie mezhdu rentgenovskoi svetimost'yu i tempom zvezdoobrazovaniya v galaktikah (Lx-SFR relation in star forming galaxies)
Authors: M.Gilfanov et al.
Commets: 4 pages, submitted to MNRAS Letters
Rassmatrivaetsya korrelyaciya rentgenovskoi svetimosti i tempa zvezdoobrazovaniya v galaktikah s burnym formirovaniem zvezd. Iz teoreticheskih raschetov bylo yasno, chto kolichestvo (ili svetimost') massivnyh rentgenovskih dvoinyh yavlyaetsya horoshim indikatorom tempa zvezdoobrazovaniya (a otnoshenie sistem s chernymi dyrami i neitronnymi zvezdami yavlyaetsya horoshim indikatorom vozrasta). V serii rabot Gil'fanov, Grimm i Syunyaev (a takzhe Ranalli i dr.) privodyat obshirnyi nablyudatel'nyi material po korrelyacii svetimosti i tempa zvezdoobrazovaniya (otmetim takzhe stat'yu Postnova, posvyashennuyu interpretacii poluchennoi zavisimosti).

obzor astro-ph/0301334 Fizika sverhnovyh Ia i kosmologiya (Physics of SNeIa and Cosmology)
Author: P. Hoeflich, C. Gerardy, E. Linder & H. Marion
Commets: 25 pages, to be published in "Stellar Candles", eds. Gieren et al. Lecture Notes in Physics ( http://link.springer.de/series/lnpp)
Obzor po sverhnovym tipa Ia i ih kosmologicheskim prilozheniyam.

hep-ph/0301042 KamLAND, terrestrial heat sources and neutrino oscillations
Authors: G. Fiorentini, T. Lasserre, M. Lissia, B.Ricci, S.Schonert
Commets: 12 pages, RevTeX file, 3 ps figures included in the correct order
KamLAND - teper' izvestneishii eksperiment (sm. bol'shoi svezhii obzor "Neutrino Properties Before and After KamLAND" hep-ph/0301061). Pohozhe, chto v etom eksperimente byli vpervye zaregistrirovany neitrino obrazovavshiesya pri raspade radioaktivnyh elementov (urana i toriya) v nedrah Zemli ( $\approx$ 9 geo-neitrino). Vozmozhno eto edinstvennyi put' napryamuyu uznat' chto proishodit u nas pod nogami.

Arhiv statei, voshedshih v predydushie vypuski.
Razdely arhiva (s iyulya 2002 g.):
obzory, kosmologiya, neitrino, kosmicheskie luchi i gamma-astronomiya, galaktiki, AYaG, kvazary, nasha Galaktika, mezhzvezdnaya sreda, zvezdy, sverhnovye, ostatki sverhnovyh, chernye dyry, neitronnye zvezdy, linzirovanie, Solnce, ekzoplanety, Solnechnaya sistema, akkreciya, tesnye dvoinye sistemy, gamma-vspleski, gravitacionnye volny, mehanizmy izlucheniya, chislennoe modelirovanie, dinamika, mehanika metody obrabotki dannyh, MGD, metody nablyudenii, budushie nablyudatel'nye proekty, prochee.
Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki.
Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph s 2001 g.

Sergei Popov
Mihail Prohorov

sputnik astro-ph/0301158 Sputnik MAP - Microwave Anisotropy Probe (The Microwave Anisotropy Probe (MAP) Mission)
Authors: C. L. Bennett et al.
Commets: ApJ in press; 22 pages with 10 low-resolution figures; version with better quality figures is available at http://map.gsfc.nasa.gov/m_mm/tp_links.html
Seriya statei pro sputnik MAP (astro-ph/0301159, astro-ph/0301160, astro-ph/0301164).
Opisyvayutsya razlichnye detali ustroistva sputnika, ego naznachenie i t.d. i t.p. Naibolee obshaya i dostupnaya stat'ya - astro-ph/0301158. V svyazi so skorym opublikovaniem pervyh dannyh s etogo sputnika stat'ya budet nebezinteresna vsem interesuyushimsya sovremennoi kosmologiei.
astro-ph/0301161 Rentgenovskaya spektroskopiya odinochnoi neitronnoi zvezdy 1E1207.4-5209: sostav atmosfery i uravnenie sostoyaniya (X-ray spectroscopy of the isolated neutron star 1E1207.4-5209: Atmospheric composition and equation of state) Authors: Kaya Mori, Charles J. Hailey Commets: 26 pages, 8 figures, submitted to ApJ U neitronnoi zvezdy 1E1207.4-5209 po dannym Chandry obnaruzheno dve shirokie spektral'nye detali. Avtory stat'i dayut interpretaciyu etim nablyudeniyam. Po ih raschetam za detali otvetstvenny geliepodobnye atomy kisloroda v magnitnom pole 10¹² Gs (tipichnom dlya neitronnyh zvezd). Esli schitat', chto massa neitronnoi zvezdy primerno 1.4 massy Solnca, to mozhno sdelat' ogranicheniya na uravneniya sostoyaniya: ono okazyvaetsya dostatochno zhestkim.
astro-ph/0301162 Yarkie sverhmyagkie rentgenovskie istochniki vo vneshnih galaktikah (Luminous Supersoft X-Ray Sources in External Galaxies)
Authors: R. Di Stefano and A.K.H. Kong (CfA)
Commets: 14 pages, 6 figures, ApJ submitted
Kolichestvo sverhmyagkih rentgenovskih istochnikov so svetimost'yu L > 10³⁷ erg/s v sosednih galaktikah sostavlyaet po krainei mere neskol'ko soten, no mozhet byt' i sushestvenno bol'she. Krome togo:

sredi istochnikov est' gruppa so svetimostyami L > 10³⁷ erg/s;
v spiral'nyh galaktikah M101, M83 i M51 sverhmyagkie istochniki associiruyutsya u spiral'nyh vetvei, chto ukazyvaet na ih nebol'shoi (<10⁸ let) vozrast.
astro-ph/0301174 Sboi pul'sara v Krabe: individual'nye sobytiya i kumulyativnyi effekt (The Crab glitches: incidence and cumulative effect)
Authors: F.Graham Smith, C. Jordan
Commets: 6 pages 5 figures, to appear in "Radio Pulsars" (ASP Conf. Ser.), eds. M. Bailes, D. Nice, & S. Thorsett
Za 33 goda nablyudenii pul'sara v Krabe nablyudalos' 14 glitchei (sboev perioda vrasheniya), za kotorymi shli periody relaksacii. No vse eti sboi mozhno predstavit' kak 3 "gigantskih" sobytiya razdelennyh primerno 12 godami. Takaya gipoteza pozvolyaet snyat' nekotorye problemy s zakonami tormozheniya.
astro-ph/0301184 The phase coherence of light from extragalactic sources - direct evidence against first order quantum gravity fluctuations in time and space
Authors: Richard Lieu, Lloyd W. Hillman
Commets: 9 pages, Accepted for publication by the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Vse bolee-menee uvereny, chto na ochen' malen'kih masshtabah (poryadka plankovskogo) svoistva prostranstva-vremeni dolzhny byt' otlichny ot privychnyh nam. Odnako, net nikakih eksperimental'nyh dannyh na etot schet (krome dovol'no plohih verhnih predelov). V stat'e rassmatrivaetsya, kak mozhno takie dannye poluchit' i kakie predely dayut sovremennye nablyudeniya. Avtory predlagayut ispol'zovat' nablyudeniya fazovoi kogerentnosti izlucheniya ot vnegalakticheskih istochnikov dlya polucheniya sootvetstvuyushei informacii (otmetim, chto vnegalakticheskie nablyudeniya v gamma-diapazone uzhe aktivno ispol'zuyutsya dlya poiska masshtaba kvantovoi gravitacii, no poka - predely, predely, predely...). V kachestve illyustracii rassmatrivayutsya nablyudeniya kolec Eiri ot odnoi aktivnoi galaktiki. Razumeetsya, opyat'-taki poka prosto mozhno dat' nekotorye verhnie predely, no metodika interesnaya.
miniobzor astro-ph/0301186 Laiman-al'fa les kak kosmologicheskii instrument (The Lyman-alpha Forest as a Cosmological Tool)
Authors: David H. Weinberg, Romeel Dav'e, Neal Katz, Juna A. Kollmeier
Commets: 13 pages, to appear in "The Emergence of Cosmic Structure," Proceedings of the 13th Annual Astrophysics Conference in Maryland, eds. S. Holt and C. Reynolds, AIP Press, 2003
Laiman-al'fa les - eto nabor spektral'nyh linii (pogloshenie) v spektre dalekogo vnegalakticheskogo ob'ekta, poyavlyayushiisya za schet veshestva na luche zreniya. Kvazar (ili galaktika) "prosvechivaet" vselennuyu, i my mozhem poluchat' vazhnuyu informaciyu o raspredelenii veshestva, kotorye drugimi metodami chasto neobnaruzhimo. V stat'e opisyvaetsya dannyi metod kosmologicheskih issledovanii. Avtory privodyat bol'shoi (dlya korotkogo obzora) spisok literatury. Tak chto zhelayushie mogut prodolzhit' chtenie, ispol'zuya uzhe original'nye stat'i.
obzor astro-ph/0301196 Astrofizika kosmicheskih luchei i vzaimodeistvie adronov (Cosmic Ray Astrophysics and Hadronic Interactions)
Authors: Paolo Lipari
Commets: Summary talk at the XII ISVHECRI (Inernational Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions). 16 pages, 9 figures
Istoriya izucheniya kosmicheskih luchei dlitsya uzhe vek, pri etom nekotorye ochen' vazhnye voprosy ne imeyut otvetov. Perspektivy blizhaishego desyatiletiya vpechatlyayut. Krome sovremennyh i planiruemyh eksperimentov v obzore rassmatrivaetsya vklad v astrofiziku kosmicheskih luchei, kotoryi mogut dat' pryamye izmereniya na uskoritele LHC v Cerne.
astro-ph/0301197 Izmenenie rasstoyaniya mezhdu izobrazheniyami v gravitacionnoi linze PKS 1830-211 (Changes in the measured image separation of the gravitational lens system, PKS 1830-211)
Authors: C.Jin, M.A. Garrett, S. Nair, R.W. Porcas, A.R. Patnaik, R. Nan
Commets: 8 pages, 5 figures
V techenie 14 nedel' s pomosh'yu VLBA na chastote 43 GGc stroilis' karty gravitacionnoi linzy PKS 1830-211. Za eto vremya rasstoyanie mezhdu centrami izobrazhenii izmenilos' na 87 mikro uglovyh sekundy.
miniobzor astro-ph/0301199 Vremya ot nachala (Time Since the Beginning)
Author: Alan H. Guth
Commets: 13 pages, including 4 figures, LaTeX 2.09, attached style file AATS2.sty required. Review talk given at "Astrophysical Ages and Time Scales," Hilo, Hawaii, 5-9 February 2001. The paper has already been published
Journal-ref: Astrophysical Ages and Time Scales," Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 245, pp. 3-17 (2001)
Odin iz osnovopolozhnikov teorii inflyacii dovol'no populyarno pishet o svoei tematike. V principe nichego novogo, no pochitat' priyatno. Krome togo, postroeny nekotorye prostye grafiki, kotorye polezno imet' pered glazami, razmyshlyaya o raznyh modelyah.
astro-ph/0301229 Obnaruzhenie temnoi materii s pomosh'yu centrifugi (Detecting dark matter using centrifuging techniques)
Authors: S. Mitra and R. Foot
Commets: About 9 pages
Avtory obrashayut vnimanie na to, chto poka nedostatochno proverena odna iz gipotez. Ona zaklyuchaetsya v tom, chto krome togo, chto chasticy temnoi materii mogut dostatochno sil'no vzaimodeistvovat' drug s drugom, chtoby obrazovyvat' "granuly" (grains), oni mogut dostatochno sil'no vzaimodeistvovat' s obychnym veshestvom, chtoby nahodit'sya vokrug nas. Takie chasticy poluchayutsya v nekotoryh teoriyah s t.n. "zerkal'noi simmetriei". Po mneniyu avtorov obnaruzhit' takie chasticy (tochnee granuly) mozhno s pomosh'yu centrifugi, ispol'zuya obychnoe veshestvo v kachestve fil'tra. Sovremennye centrifugi mogut davat' uskorenie do 10⁶ g. Pri upomyanutoi vyshe sile svyazi granuly iz chastic temnoi materii prosto "vyletyat" iz issleduemogo obrazca pri rabote centrifugi, esli ih razmer bol'she 100 mikron. Sootvetstvenno massa umen'shitsya, chto mozhno budet zaregistrirovat'. Po mneniyu Mitry i Futa etogo mozhet byt' dostatochno dlya obnaruzheniya chastic, esli oni sostavlyayut bolee millionoi doli (po masse) v issleduemom obrazce (otricatel'nyi rezul'tat eksperimenta pozvolit nalozhit' vazhnye verhnie predely na parametry chastic temnoi materii, v chastnosti mozhet pokazat', chto svyaz' dolzhna byt' slabee 10 ^-10 ot obychnoi kulonovskoi ).
astro-ph/0301232 Rentgenovskie AGN na ochen' vysokih krasnyh smesheniyah v severnom glubokom pole Chandra (Very High Redshift X-ray Selected AGN in the Chandra Deep Field-North)
Authors: A.J.Barger et al.
Commets: 5 pages, accepted by The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Pohozhe, chto Chandra pozvolyaet obnaruzhivat' aktivnye yadra galaktik na vysokih krasnyh smesheniyah po ih rentgenovskomu izlucheniyu, dazhe esli opticheskaya svetimost' nizka. Iz 423 dostatochno yarkih rentgenovskih istochnikov bol'shinstvo okazalis' lezhashimi v intervale z=5-6, a nekotorye na z>6 (z opredelyalos' po sravneniyu potokov v sosednih rentgenovskih intervalah). Iz etih istochnikov tol'ko primerno polovina vidna v optike.
astro-ph/0301238 Spektroskopiya vysokogo razresheniya zheltogo sverhgiganta Rho Kassiopei s 1993 vklyuchaya vspyshku 2000-2001 goda (High-Resolution Spectroscopy of the Yellow Hypergiant Rho Cassiopeiae from 1993 Through the Outburst of 2000-2001) Authors: A.Lobel et al. Commets: 86 pages, 15 figures, ApJ accepted for 2003, Feb. 1 issue. Press release, illustrations, and movies are available at http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~alobel V 2000-2001 godu na zheltom sverhgigante proizoshla vspyshka, podobnaya nablyudavsheisya v 1945-47 i 1985-86 godah, no izuchenie ee bylo provedeno sovremennymi metodami. Vo vspyshke klass zvezdy izmenilsya ot A do M. Temp poteri massy dostig Mdot ~= 5.4h10^-2M_o/god. Pohozhe eto eshe odna zvezda tipa, Ets Kariny, kotoraya zavershila svoyu Yadernuyu evolyuciyu i v blizhaishee vremya vzorvetsya kak Sverhnovaya (pod blizhaishim vremenem podrazumevayutsya neskol'ko soten tysyach let).
astro-ph/0301239 Novyi podhod k morfologii galaktik: analiz pervogo reliza Sloanovskogo cifrovogo obzora neba ( A New Approach to Galaxy Morphology: I. Analysis of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Early Data Release)
Authors: Roberto Abraham et al.
Commets: ApJ in press
Seichas v astronomii nachinayut dominirovat' proekty, v kotoryh poluchaetsya ogromnoe kolichestvo dostatochno odnorodnoi informacii (avtomatizirovanye obzory neba i dr.). Potomu voznikaet neobhodimost' v novyh metodah obrabotki dannyh (vspomnim, naprimer, pro primenenie neironnyh setei (Belokurov i dr. 2002)). V etoi stat'e avtory opisyvayut novyi podhod k opredeleniyu morfologii galaktik. Krome astronomov sootvetstvuyushih special'nostei stat'ya mozhet byt' interesna specialistam po obrabotke dannyh.
astro-ph/0301240 Razdelenie fotonov i adronov po fluktuaciyam Cherenkovskogo izlucheniya (Gamma-Hadron Separation using Cerenkov Photon Density Fluctuations)
Authors: V.R.Chitnis, P.N.Bhat
Commets: 26 pages, 9 ps figures, 1 eps figure, To appear in Experimental Astronomy
Cherenkovskie teleskopy registriruyut kak fotony sverhvysokih energii, tak i zaryazhennye chasticy (adrony). Obychno ih razdelyayut po forme poluchayushegosya izobrazheniya. No eto vozmozhno tol'ko v teleskopah stroyashih izobrazhenie. V stat'e predlozhen metod vydeleniya adronnyh sobytii po fluktuaciyam Cherenkovskogo izlucheniya. Eta stat'ya mozhet byt' interesna ne tol'ko astronomam.
astro-ph/0301243 Massa neitronnoi zvezdy v Vela X-1 (The mass of the neutron star in Vela X-1 and tidally induced non-radial oscillations in GP Vel)
Authors: H. Quaintrell et al.
Commets: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, 12 pages
Opredelenie mass neitronnyh zvezd - ochen' vazhnaya zadacha, t.k. ona napryamuyu svyazana s fizikoi povedeniya veshestva pri ekstremal'nyh plotnostyah. Poka horosho opredeleny massy u neskol'kih radiopul'sarov. Voobshe, massy v astronomii proshe opredelyat' v dvoinyh sistemah. Poetomu, krome dvoinyh radiopul'sarov, bol'shoe vnimanie privlekayut rentgenovskie pul'sary. Ih izvestno neskol'ko desyatkov. No v formulu dlya opredeleniya massy vhodyat parametry orientacii orbity, kotorye obychno neizvestny. Krome sluchaev zatmennyh sistem. Nalichie zatmenii oznachaet, chto my nahodimsya pochti p ploskosti orbity. Dlya takih sistem, esli est' dannye po spektroskopii normal'noi zvezdy, mozhno dovol'no tochno opredelit' massu neitronnoi. Izvestno 7 rentgenovskih pul'sarov s zatmeniyami. Vela X-1 - odin iz nih.
Dolgoe vremya massa neitronnoi zvezdy v Vela X-1 byla samoi vysokoi (1.9 mass Solnca, Barziv i dr. 2001) i potomu s etim rezul'tatom sporili. I vot nezavisimaya gruppa podtverzhdaet vysokuyu massu neitronnoi zvezdy! Uchityvaya vse neopredelennosti massa sostavlyaet ot 1. 75 massy Solnca do 2. 44.
O drugih, menee tochnyh, sposobah ocenki massy i ogranicheniyah na uravnenie sostoyaniya sm. svezhuyu rabotu "X-ray Studies of Two Neutron Stars in 47 Tucanae: Toward Constraints on the Equation of State" astro-ph/0301235 i vyshe astro-ph/0301161. Proizvedeny, takzhe, izmereniya v sisteme J1740-5340, gde millimekundnyi pul'sar isparyaet malomassivnogo soseda (astro-ph/0301244). Polucheno horoshee znacheniya dlya otnosheniya mass komponentov, no sami massy oceneny s bol'shoi oshibkoi.
obzor astro-ph/0301248 Obrazovanie i evolyuciya ellipticheskih galaktik (Formation and Cosmic Evolution of Elliptical Galaxies)
Authors: J.A. de Freitas Pacheco et al.
Commets: 59 pages, 9 figures, Recent Research Developments in Astronomy and Astrophysics, in press, ps and pdf versions with higher resolution figures are also available at: http://www.obs-nice.fr/peirani/elliptical.html
Bol'shoi obzor po ellipticheskim galaktikam. Dannaya tema imeet otnoshenie kak (estestvenno) k fizike galaktik, tak i k zvezdnoi kinematike, kosmologii (obrazovanie struktur vo Vselennoi), astrofizike sverhmassivnyh chernyh dyr i t.d. Avtory privodyat mnogo fakticheskih dannyh.
astro-ph/0301250 Tomografiya akkrecionnyh potokov vblizi chernyh dyr (Echo Tomography of Black Hole Accretion Flows)
Authors: Keith Horne
Commets: To appear in: Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation, Future EUV, UV, and Visible Space Astrophysics Missions and Instrumentation, 22-28 Aug 2002, Waikoloa, HI, SPIE Proc 4856
Keit Horn (Keith Horne) yavlyaetsya izvestnym specialistom po tomografii akkrecionnyh diskov. Takoi vid issledovaniya vozmozhen, naprimer, v zatmennyh dvoinyh sistemah. V etoi stat'e rech' idet ob issledovanie akkrecionnyh potokov v aktivnyh yadrah galaktik, gde vtorogo ob'ekta net! Zdes' tehnologiya sovsem drugaya. Issleduetsya "eho" - pereizluchennyi svet. Izmeryayutsya vremennye zaderzhki, doplerovskii sdvig i t.d. Poka metodika nahoditsya v stadii stanovleniya. Avtor nadeetsya, chto v skorom budushem ona pomozhet uznat' mnogo novogo o processah v aktivnyh yadrah galaktik.
astro-ph/0301252 Evolyuciya rezonansnyh par planet (Evolution of Migrating Planet Pairs in Resonance)
Authors: S.Ferraz-Mello, C.Beauge and T.A.Michtchenko
Commets: submitted to Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy
V rabote dano chislennoe modelirovanie evolyucii pary planet (ili massivnyh sputnikov) nahodyashihsya v rezonanse 2/1 ili 3/1, pod vozdeistviem prilivnyh sil (bez dissipacii).
astro-ph/0301257 Odinochnye i dvoinye chernye dyry i ih vliyanie na strukturu yader (Single and Binary Black Holes and their Influence on Nuclear Structure)
Authors: David Merritt
Commets: 10 pages, 4 figures
Na strukturu raspredeleniya zvezd vblizi centra galaktiki ochen' sil'no vliyaet Raspolozhennaya v centre chernaya dyra. Avtor delaet vyvod, chto v yadrah galaktik S absolyutnoi vidimoi velichinoi M^v>-20 ob'yasnyayutsya odinochnymi chernymi dyrami, a v bolee yarkih - chernye dyre dvoinye.
miniobzor astro-ph/0301259 Evolyuciya massivnyh zvezd s vrasheniem i poterei massy (Evolution of massive stars with rotation and mass loss)
Author: Andre Maeder, Georges Meynet
Commets: 10 pages, 13 figures, IAU Symp. 215 `Stellar Rotation'', A. Maeder and P. Eenens eds., ASP Conf Ser. in press
Lidery zhenevskoi gruppy po izucheniyu zvezdnoi evolyucii dayut korotkii obzor vliyaniya effektov vrasheniya na zhiznennyi put' massivnyh zvezd. Oni okazyvayutsya dovol'no sushestvennymi. Prichem, chem nizhe metallichnost', tem vazhnee vrashenie. Eto okazyvaetsya vazhnym seichas v svyazi s vozrosshim interesom k zvezdam PopIII - samym pervym zvezdam, kotorye voznikli iz veshestva, pochti svobodnogo ot tyazhelyh elementov, a zatem, vzorvavshis' kak sverhnovye, obogatili nash mir elementami ot ugleroda do zheleza (i dal'she do urana).
Sm. takzhe stat'yu "The effects of rotation on Wolf--Rayet stars and on the production of primary nitrogen by intermediate mass stars" astro-ph/0301287.
astro-ph/0301263 Uskorenie chastic putem mnogokratnogo perehoda iz zaryazhennogo sostoyaniya v neitral'noe i obratno (Particle Acceleration through Multiple Conversions from Charged into Neutral State and Back)
Authors: E.V. Derishev et al.
Commets: 18 pages, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Avtory predlagayut novyi metod uskoreniya kosmicheskih luchei. Osnovnaya ideya sostoit v tom, chto chasticy mogut ispytyvat' mnogokratnye perehody i zaryazhennogo sostoyaniya v neitral'noe i obratno (naprimer: proton<->neitron, elektron/pozitron<->foton).
Dannyi metod pozvolyaet uskoryat' chasticy do 10²⁰ eV i vyshe, esli rech' idet o gamma-vspleskah i aktivnyh yadrah galaktik. Na men'shem masshtabe metod rabotaet v mikrokvazarah.
"Pobochnym effektom" dannogo processa yavlyaetsya izluchenie elektromagnitnyh voln i neitrino. Po mneniyu avtorov imenno eto yavlenie mozhet byt' otvetstvenno za gamma-izluchenie kosmicheskih vspleskov (dannyi vopros takzhe rassmatrivaetsya B. Shternom).
astro-ph/0301265 Novoe ob'yasnenie krivyh vrasheniya v spiral'nyh galaktikah bez galo temnoi materii s pomosh'yu akkrecii mezhgalakticheskogo veshestva (A new hypothesis to explain rotation curves in spiral galaxies without dark matter haloes by means of the accretion of the intergalactic medium) Authors: M. Lopez-Corredoira Commets: 25 pages, 6 figures, submitted to RevMexAA Medlennoe ubyvanie skorosti vrasheniya vneshnih chastei galaktik (tak nazyvaemye "ploskie krivye vrasheniya") do sih por ob'yasnyalis' libo nalichiem nevidimogo galo, libo modificirovannym zakonom gravitacii. V dannoi stat'e predlozheno eshe odno ob'yasnenie - akkreciya mezhgalakticheskogo veshestva. Eta zhe gipoteza ob'yasnyaet U-obraznoe iskrivlenie ploskosti diska nekotoryh galaktik.
astro-ph/0301268 Standartnyi rezervuar kineticheskoi energii v poslesvecheniyah gamma-vspleskov (A Standard Kinetic Energy Reservoir in Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows)
Authors: E.Berger, S.R.Kulkarni and D.A.Frail
Commets: Submitted to ApJL; 17 pages; 2 tables; 2 figures
V stat'e dan analiz 41 rentgenovskogo poslesvecheniya gamma-vspleskov: rentgenovskie potoki, rasschitannaya izotropnaya svetimost', ugly kollimacii. Byla obnaruzhena korrelyaciya uglov kollimacii i izotropnoi svetimosti, chto oznachaet razbros istinnoi svetimosti poslesvechenii ne bolee chem v 2 raza. Eta gipoteza o standartnoi energii poslesvechenii interesno vyglyadit na fone vyskazannoi ranee gipotezy o standartnoi energii samih gamma-vspleskov (astro-ph/9908136).
Tablicy mozhno posmotret' tut.
obzor astro-ph/0301279 Opredelenie rasstoyanii po planetarnym tumannostyam (Distances from Planetary Nebulae)
Authors: Robin Ciardullo
Commets: 21 pages, Invited review at the International Workshop on "Stellar Candles for the Extragalactic Distance Scale", held in Concepcion, Chile
Izvestna problema "standartnyh svechei". Pro cefeidy (o nih sm. svezhayushuyu rabotu "Calibration of the Distance Scale from Cepheids" astro-ph/0301291) i sverhnovye Ia znayut vse, a vot pro planetarnye tumannosti navernyaka net. Potomu budet nebezinteresno prosmotret' podrobnyi obzor po opredeleniyu rasstoyanii do vnegalakticheskih ob'ektov po nablyudeniyam planetarnyh tumannostei.
Sm. takzhe stat'yu "The Latest Version of the Standardized Candle Method for Type II Supernovae" astro-ph/0301281 po opredeleniyu rasstoyanii po sverhnovym II tipa.
astro-ph/0301282 LSR0602+3910 - samyi yarkii korichnevyi karlik? (LSR0602+3910 - The Brightest Brown Dwarf in the Sky?)
Authors: Samir Salim, Sebastien Lepine, R. Michael Rich, Michael M. Shara
Commets: submitted to ApJL
Vse my lyubim iskat' tam, gde svetlee i proshe. Astronomy ochen' chasto izbegayut oblasti ploskosti Galaktiki, t.k. tam ochen' mnogo ob'ektov, i vybrat' sredi nih nuzhnye neprosto. No trudy teh, kto ne boitsya trudnostei, chasto byvayut voznagrazhdeny. Avtory stat'i obnaruzhili samyi yarkii korichnevyi karlik na nebe. Kstati, oni ocenili, chto do 40 procentov ob'ektov etogo tipa "prosmotreli", potomu chto ne iskali v ploskosti Mlechnogo Puti.
astro-ph/0301292 Verhnie predely na rentgenovskoe izluchenie "uranovyh" zvezd (Upper Limits on the X-ray Emission of "Uranium" Stars)
Authors: Eric M. Schlegel
Commets: accepted AJ, scheduled March
"Uranovymi" nazyvayut ochen' bednye metallom zvezdy ([Fe/H]<-3) v spektrah kotoryh nablyudayutsya linii urana. Uran ne mog vozniknut' v etih zvezdah v hode termoyadernyh reakcii. Ob'yasnenie etogo fenomena - zasorenie zvezdy pri vspyshke sverhnovoi v dvoinoi sisteme. Esli pri etom vzryve dvoinaya ne raspalas' (chto maloveroyatno, tak kak "uranovye" zvezdy imeyut maluyu massu), to v sisteme mozhet prisutstvovat' kompaktnyi ob'ekt, a na nego idti akkreciya. V stat'e dany ogranicheniya na rentgenovskie potoki ot etih zvezd.
gr-qc/0212121 Postn'yutonovskaya interpretaciya VLBI eksperimenta 8 sentyabrya 2002 goda (Post-Newtonian Treatment of the VLBI Experiment on September 8, 2002)
Authors: Sergei M. Kopeikin (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia, USA)
Commets: 13 pages, small modifications made after the AAS annual meeting in Seattle
Otvet Kopeikina na vozrazheniya po povodu eksperimenta po izmereniyu skorosti rasprostraneniya gravitacii, kotoryi byl vypolnen 8 sentyabrya 2002 goda pri prohozhdenii Yupitera vblizi kvazara J0842+1835.
astro-ph/0301310 Ogranicheniya na parametry temnoi materii po izmereniyam reliktovogo izlucheniya (Limits on the Dark Energy Parameters from Cosmic Microwave Background experiments)
Authors: D. Pogosyan, J.R. Bond, C.R. Contaldi
Commets: 4 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of the XVIII IAP Colloquium `On the nature of dark energy', Paris, 1-5 July 2002
Srazu vyvody:

Dannye po reliktu podtverzhdayut vyvody po sverhnovym (SN1a).
Tol'ko po reliktu poluchaetsya w < -0.4 (95% dostovernosti), po reliktu+SN1a w < -0.8.
astro-ph/0301318 Rannie rentgenovskie poslesvecheniya korotkih gamma-vspleskov Po dannym eksperimenta Konus (Early Hard X-ray Afterglows of Short GRBs with Konus Experiments)
Authors: D.D.Frederiks, R.L.Aptekar, S.V.Golenetskii et al.
Commets: 4 pages, 5 figures, talk at Rome 2002 GRB Conference
Priroda gamma-vspleskov - bol'shaya zagadka, no korotkie (<2 sek) vspleski - eto polnaya t'ma. I vot problesk, odin iz pervyh.
Dlya 10 iz 125 korotkih gamma-vspleskov, nablyudavshihsya v eksperimentah Konus-Wind i Konus-A, zaregistrirovano zhestkoe rentgenovskoe izluchenie Nachinayusheesya odnovremenno so vspleskom i dlyasheesya ot desyatkov do soten sekund. Veroyatno takie poslesvecheniya - ochen' obshee svoistvo korotkih gamma vspleskov. Bolee podrobnye dannye - v stat'e.
miniobzor astro-ph/0301327 Nedavnie otkrytiya molodyh radiopul'sarov (Recent discoveries of energetic young radio pulsars)
Authors: D.R. Lorimer
Commets: 10 pages, 5 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the workshop "Pulsars, AXPs and SGRs observed with BeppoSAX and other Observatories" held in Marsala, Sicily, September 2001
Daetsya ponyatnyi obzor po svoistvam molodyh radiopul'sarov i po nedavnim otkrytiyam v etoi oblasti. Rassmatrivayutsya associacii pul'sarov s ostatkami sverhnovyh, a takzhe vozmozhnye otozhdestvleniya s gamma-istochnikami sputnika EGRET.
astro-ph/0301328 Stroboskopicheskie opticheskie nablyudeniya pul'sara v Krabe (Stroboscopic optical observations of the Crab pulsar)
Authors: Simon Vidrih et al.
Commets: 4 pages, 3 figures.
Osnovoi etoi stat'i posluzhili 8 let stroboskopicheskih (s periodom 0.033 c) nablyudenii pul'sara v Krabovidnoi tumannosti. Fur'e analiz pokazal znachimoe prisutstvie 60-sekundnoi modulyacii signala, kotoruyu avtory interpretiruyut kak svobodnuyu precessiyu pul'sara.
astro-ph/0301331 Sootnoshenie mezhdu rentgenovskoi svetimost'yu i tempom zvezdoobrazovaniya v galaktikah (Lx-SFR relation in star forming galaxies)
Authors: M.Gilfanov et al.
Commets: 4 pages, submitted to MNRAS Letters
Rassmatrivaetsya korrelyaciya rentgenovskoi svetimosti i tempa zvezdoobrazovaniya v galaktikah s burnym formirovaniem zvezd. Iz teoreticheskih raschetov bylo yasno, chto kolichestvo (ili svetimost') massivnyh rentgenovskih dvoinyh yavlyaetsya horoshim indikatorom tempa zvezdoobrazovaniya (a otnoshenie sistem s chernymi dyrami i neitronnymi zvezdami yavlyaetsya horoshim indikatorom vozrasta). V serii rabot Gil'fanov, Grimm i Syunyaev (a takzhe Ranalli i dr.) privodyat obshirnyi nablyudatel'nyi material po korrelyacii svetimosti i tempa zvezdoobrazovaniya (otmetim takzhe stat'yu Postnova, posvyashennuyu interpretacii poluchennoi zavisimosti).
obzor astro-ph/0301334 Fizika sverhnovyh Ia i kosmologiya (Physics of SNeIa and Cosmology)
Author: P. Hoeflich, C. Gerardy, E. Linder & H. Marion
Commets: 25 pages, to be published in "Stellar Candles", eds. Gieren et al. Lecture Notes in Physics ( http://link.springer.de/series/lnpp)
Obzor po sverhnovym tipa Ia i ih kosmologicheskim prilozheniyam.
hep-ph/0301042 KamLAND, terrestrial heat sources and neutrino oscillations
Authors: G. Fiorentini, T. Lasserre, M. Lissia, B.Ricci, S.Schonert
Commets: 12 pages, RevTeX file, 3 ps figures included in the correct order
KamLAND - teper' izvestneishii eksperiment (sm. bol'shoi svezhii obzor "Neutrino Properties Before and After KamLAND" hep-ph/0301061). Pohozhe, chto v etom eksperimente byli vpervye zaregistrirovany neitrino obrazovavshiesya pri raspade radioaktivnyh elementov (urana i toriya) v nedrah Zemli ( $\approx$ 9 geo-neitrino). Vozmozhno eto edinstvennyi put' napryamuyu uznat' chto proishodit u nas pod nogami.

Arhiv statei, voshedshih v predydushie vypuski.
Razdely arhiva (s iyulya 2002 g.):
obzory, kosmologiya, neitrino, kosmicheskie luchi i gamma-astronomiya, galaktiki, AYaG, kvazary, nasha Galaktika, mezhzvezdnaya sreda, zvezdy, sverhnovye, ostatki sverhnovyh, chernye dyry, neitronnye zvezdy, linzirovanie, Solnce, ekzoplanety, Solnechnaya sistema, akkreciya, tesnye dvoinye sistemy, gamma-vspleski, gravitacionnye volny, mehanizmy izlucheniya, chislennoe modelirovanie, dinamika, mehanika metody obrabotki dannyh, MGD, metody nablyudenii, budushie nablyudatel'nye proekty, prochee.
Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki.
Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph s 2001 g.

Sergei Popov
Mihail Prohorov

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