| Novosti nauki |
| The R.A.P. Project |
| 03.02.03. astro-ph za 27 - 31 yanvarya 2002 goda: izbrannye stat'i |
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Authors: Roger W. Romani, C.-Y. Ng
Authors: I. Felix Mirabel, Irapuan Rodrigues
Authors: D. A. Green, F. R. Stephenson
Authors: Mario Livio
Authors: Louise M. Griffiths and Charles H. Lineweaver Commets: 47 pages, 20 figures, 4 tables, ApJ submitted, uses aastex.cls V predpolozhenii, chto Vselennaya zapolnena holodnoi temnoi materiei + Lyambda-chlenom (\Lambda-CDM) avtory pytayutsya naiti sistematicheskie effekty po zavisimosti svoistv reliktovogo izlucheniya ot nomera mul'tipolya l, ot chastoty, ot galakticheskoi shiroty, instrumenta na kotorom velis' nablyudeniya, ot ispol'zuemogo istochnika kalibrovki i t.d. Byla naidena zavisimost' ot galakticheskoi shiroty na urovne bolee 2\sigma. Dlya isklyucheniya etogo effekta nado proizvesti primerno 2% redukciyu nablyudatel'nyh dannyh.
Authors: Andreja Gomboc Commets: 6 pages, 5 figures; to be published in GAIA Spectroscopy, Science and Technology, ASP Conference Series, U.Munari (ed.) Budushaya missiya GAIA dast kolossal'noe kolichestvo samyh raznyh rezul'tatov. V etoi stat'e rassmatrivaetsya vozmozhnost' polucheniya dannyh o zvezdnom vrashenii (vplot' do ochen' malyh skorostei) po spektral'nym nablyudeniyam na etom sputnike.
Authors: Daniel De Marco et al. Commets: 18 pages, submitted to Astrop. Phys Kak mnogie znayut, idut debaty po povodu protivorechiya v dannyh dvuh eksperimentov (AGASA i HiRes) po izucheniyu spektra kosmicheskih luchei vysokih energii. Sut' spora svoditsya k voprosu o nalichii "zavala" v spektre, obuslovlennogo vzaimodeistviem chastic kosmicheskih luchei s reliktovym izlucheniem. Avtory stat'i pokazyvayut, chto sporit' ne o chem: statisticheskaya znachimost' rashozhdeniya dvuh rezul'tatov ochen' mala. Vse-taki nado zhdat' rezul'tatov proekta Ozhe!
Authors: Yuriy Mishchenko and Chueng-Ryong Ji Commets: 14 pages, 13 figures V skoplenii galaktik CL0024+1654 s mnozhestvennym gravitacionnym linzirovaniem udaetsya izmerit' prostranstvennoe raspredelenie kak vidimoi, tak i temnoi materii. Podobnymi svoistvami obladayut i nekotorye spiral'nye galaktiki s izmerennymi krivymi vrasheniya. Obladaya podobnymi dannymi mozhno ocenit' massu chastic iz kotoryh sostoit temnaya materiya. Ona okazyvaetsya ravnoi m=540+/-180 MeV.
Authors: Keith A. Olive Commets: 54 pages, latex, 22 eps figures, Summary of lectures given at the Theoretical Advanced Study Institute in Elementary Particle Physics at the University of Colorado at Boulder - June 2-28, 2002 Neskol'ko lekcii po temnoi materii: teoriya, nablyudeniya .... Soderzhanie rasschitano na podgotovlennogo chitatelya (no ne na uzkogo specialista). Privoditsya bol'shoi spisok literatury. Mnogo poleznyh illyustracii.
Authors: Roger W. Romani, C.-Y. Ng Commets: 4 pages, 4 figures, to appear in the Astrophysical Journal Letters V fizike neitronnyh zvezd temnym poka ostaetsya vopros o korrelyacii razlichnyh parametrov etih ob'ektov, a takzhe vopros o proishozhdenii vysokih prostranstvennyh skorostei (konechno, etim spisok "tain i zagadok" ne ogranichivaetsya!). V dannoi stat'e opisyvayutsya novye nablyudatel'nye dannye po pul'saru PSR J0538+2817, a takzhe privodyatsya vozmozhnye sledstviya iz etih dannyh. Krome togo, chto est' osnovaniya polagat', chto nachal'nyi period vrasheniya etoi neitronnoi zvezdy byl dovol'no bol'shim (bolee 130 millisekund), dannye nablyudenii pozvolyayut sdelat' vazhnye ogranicheniya na scenarii priobreteniya zvezdoi prostranstvennoi skorosti. Delo v tom, chto u etogo ob'ekta, kak i u neskol'kih drugih, otkryt tor. Schitaya, chto vektor vrasheniya zvezdy sovpadaet s vektorom vrasheniya tora, mozhno opredelit' ugol mezhdu vektorom prostranstvennoi skorosti i vektorom vrasheniya. V predelah oshibok etot ugol raven 0 (kak i u Kraba i Vely). Sama skorost' pul'sara nevelika - poryadka 140 km/s. Daleko ne vse scenarii dayut skorost' vdol' osi vrasheniya! Krome togo, nado ob'yasnyat' bol'shoi period i malyi modul' skorosti... Avtory vyrazhayut nadezhdu, chto otkrytie etogo i podobnyh ob'ektov pozvolit otkryt' novoe okno v izuchenii svoistv kollapsa i nachal'nyh parametrov neitronnyh zvezd.
Authors: John N. Bahcall, Charles L. Steinhardt, David Schlegel Commets: 46 pages, Comments, suggestions, and criticisms welcome (to jnb@ias.edu) Vopros ob izmenenii fizicheskih konstant so vremenem rassmatrivaetsya uzhe ochen' davno. Luchshii sposob nablyudatel'noi proverki - issledovanie spektrov dalekih galaktik i kvazarov. V poslednie gody eta oblast' astrofiziki dovol'no aktivno razrabatyvaetsya, byli i soobsheniya o registracii effekta na nizkom urovne znachimosti (napomnim, chto u nas v strane etimi issledovaniyami dovol'no davno zanimaetsya gruppa Varshalovicha v S-Peterburge). Idet burnaya teoreticheskaya diskussiya po povodu togo, chto zhe mozhet izmenyat'sya: skorost' sveta, postoyannaya Planka, zaryad elektrona ili nekotoraya ih kombinaciya (vse eti raboty mozhno legko naiti v elektronnyh preprintah). V stat'e avtory predlagayut ispol'zovat' dlya nablyudeniya effekta (ili ego otsutstviya) sil'nye nebulyarnye linii kisloroda. Primenyaya svoi podhod, oni poluchayut ochen' sil'nye ogranicheniya na izmeneniya postoyannoi tonkoi struktury. Krome original'noi chasti stat'ya soderzhit horoshee vvedenie s istoriei voprosa i vsemi neobhodimymi ssylkami. Rekomenduem prochest'. Sm. takzhe stat'yu Bekenshteina "Fine-structure constant variability: surprises for laboratory atomic spectroscopy and cosmological evolution of quasar spectra" astro-ph/0301566. Obsuzhdenie etoi stat'i sm. na Forume.
Authors: Charles F. Gammie et al. Commets: 38 pages, 18 figures, submitted to ApJ Ochen' special'naya stat'ya, i tem ne menee... Issledovanie udarnyh voln v magnitogidrodinamike s uchetom effektov OTO - eto "grob s muzykoi". Zadacha bezumno slozhnaya, a reshat' ee nado (est' massa ochen' vazhnyh i interesnyh astrofizicheskih prilozhenii). Tak chto "bezumstvu hrabryh poem my pesnyu..."
Authors: Aya Bamba et al. Commets: 17 pages, 9 figures; to appear in ApJ V obzore byli naideny 3 zhestkih diffuznyh istochnika: G11.0+0.0, G25.5+0.0 i G26.6-0.1. Spektr i linii izlucheniya etih ob'ektov mogut byt' ob'yasneny kak opticheski tonkoi goryachei termicheski ravnovesnoi plazmoi, tak i ee neravnovesnoi ionizaciei. Rasstochnie do istochnikov 1-8 kpk (vychisleno po kolichestvu vodoroda na luche zreniya v predpolozhenii srednei plotnosti v diske galaktiki 1 H/sm3). Razmery istochnikov 4.5-27 pk, svetimosti - (0.8-23)x1033 erg/s. Eto ochen' pohozhe na ostatki sverhnovyh molodogo ili umerennogo vozrasta, pri etom oni mogut byt' kak obolochechnymi ostatkami, tak i plerionami (t.e. soderzhat' vnutri sebya molodoi pul'sar).
Authors: Shiyin Shen et al. Commets: 42 pages, 18 figures, 2 tables; submitted to MNRAS Ispol'zuya dannye po 140000 galaktikam iz Sloanovskogo obzora, avtory poluchayut massu vsyacheskih raspredelenii. V tom chisle i raspredelenie po razmeram, a takzhe ego zavisimost' ot svetimosti, massy zvezdnoi sostavlyayushei i morfologicheskogo tipa.
Authors: F. Patat Commets: 12 pages, 11 figures; accepted for publication in A&A. Version with full resolution figures available at http://www.eso.org/~fpatat/science/skybright/paperI.ps.gz. Sut' stat'i ponyatna iz nazvaniya. Detali algoritma - v nei. Algoritm ispol'zuetsya v programme opredeleniya UBVRI yarkosti neba na observatorii Paranal (ESO, Chili).
Authors: A. A. Shatskiy Commets: 7 pages, 1 figures Rasschitana struktura i amplituda elektromagnitnyh polei porozhdaemyh vrashayushimsya vokrug chernoi dyry diskom s vmorozhennym v nego magnitnym polem. Vokrug diska - vakuum.
Authors: Steven D. Kawaler Commets: 10 pages, 3 figures; invited review from IAU Symposium #215 - Stellar Rotation (November 2002) Nebol'shoi obzor po belym karlikam. Kak i dlya drugih zvezd, dlya belyh karlikov vazhen takoi parametr kak vrashenie (period, uglovoi moment). Ot etogo mogut zavisit' ih nablyudatel'nye proyavleniya. Avtor rassmatrivaet sovremennye nablyudatel'nye dannye i popytki ih teoreticheskogo osmysleniya. Obzor prostoi i interesnyi.
Authors: Charles J. Lada, Elizabeth A. Lada Commets: To appear in Annual Reviews of Astronomy and Astrophysics v41. Manuscript consists of 73 pages with 14 figures. Due to space limitations 5 figures are included as separate low quality jpeg figures. A complete manuscript with full resolution figures can be downloaded from http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~clada/preprints.html Bol'shoi obzor, posvyashennyi molodym (novorozhdennym) zvezdnym skopleniyam v molekulyarnyh oblakah. Iz-za moshnogo poglosheniya takie skopleniya chasto nablyudayutsya tol'ko v IK oblasti. Poetomu lish' otnositel'no nedavno nachali nakaplivat'sya bol'shie ob'emy dannyh po etim ob'ektam. Obzor osobenno aktualen v svyazi s blizyashimisya zapuskami novyh IK sputnikov (Gershel', SIRTF, i vozmozhno NGST).
Authors: Tod Strohmayer, Lars Bildsten Commets: 45 pages, 17 figures. To appear in Compact Stellar X-Ray Sources, eds. W.H.G. Lewin and M. van der Klis, Cambridge University Press Termoyadernye vspyshki na neitronnyh zvezdah i belyh karlikah izvestny dovol'no davno (po merkam razvitiya nauki). Odnako, zapusk vse novyh i novyh rentgenovsih sputnikov prinosit vse novye i novye dannye. V tom chisle otkryvayutsya dosele neizvestnye yavleniya. Imenno teoreticheskomu osmysleniyu etih novyh otkrytii i posvyashen obzor.
Authors: Neil J. Cornish & Shane L. Larson Commets: 15 pages, 17 figures LISA - kosmicheskaya gravitacionno-volnovaya antenna, kotoraya vozmozhno budet zapushena posle 2013 g. Avtory priveli interesnuyu analogiyu - etot detektor budet deistvovat' kak AM/FM-priemnik. Osnovnymi istochnikami dlya LISA budut dvoinye zvezdy. Amplitudnaya modulyaciya (AM) ih signala budet voznikat' iz-za izmeneniya polozheniya detektora (i ego diagrammy chuvstvitel'nosti v prostranstve). Chastotnaya modulyaciya (FM) voznikaet iz-za dvizheniya priemnika po orbite vokrug Solnca. Oba etih effekta "sputyvayut" signaly ot razlichnyh istochnikov. Avtory opisyvayut process ih otozhdestvleniya i razdeleniya.
Authors: Carla Cacciari, Gisella Clementini Commets: 19 pages, 2 Postscript figures, Latex, uses svmult.cls. To be published in `Stellar Candles'', Lecture Notes in Physics ( http://link.springer.de/series/lnpp) Podrobno opisyvaetsya metodika opredeleniya rasstoyanii do sharovyh zvezdnyh skoplenii po nablyudeniyam zvezd tipa RR Liry. Hotya sama metodika sushestvkt davno, odnako uchenye stremyatsya uluchshit' tochnost', i zdes' "mnogoe sdelano, no mnogoe eshe predstoit". Sm. takzhe stat'yu "Blue Supergiants as a Tool for Extragalactic Distances - Theoretical Concepts" astro-ph/0301621, posvyashennuyu opredeleniyu rasstoyanii po nablyudeniyam golubyh sverhgigantov.
Authors: Michael J. Stark and Malinda Saia (Lafayette College, Easton, PA) Commets: 7 pages, 3 figures Esli my izmeryaem dopplerovskii sdvig linii opticheskoi zvezdy v rentgenovskom istochnike, to my poluchaem nizhnee ogranichenie na massu kompaktnogo ob'ekta. Esli udaetsya izmerit' sdvig rentgenovskih linii, chto gorazdo trudnee, my poluchaem ocenku massy opticheskoi zvezdy, a v kupe s drugimi dannymi mozhem ogranichit' massu kompaktnogo ob'ekta sverhu. Dlya Lebedya X-3 eto udalos' sdelat' - massa kompaktnogo ob'ekta v nem Mx<3.6Mo. Konechno, trebuetsya dopolnitel'naya proverka.
Authors: A.Moretti et al. Commets: 20 pages, Accepted for publication in ApJ Rentgenovskii fon dolgoe vremya byl zagadkoi. Bylo neyasno, opredelyaetsya li on slabymi diskretnymi istochnikami, ili zhe osnovnoi vklad vnosit diffuznoe izluchenie (goryachii gaz). S zapuskom novyh sputnikov vesy kachnulis' v storonu diskretnyh istochnikov. Avtory stat'i ispol'zuyut dannye treh sputnikov (ROSAT, Chandra, XMM-Newton), chtoby opredelit' vklad diskretnyh istochnikov. On okazyvaetsya bolee 90 procentov.
Authors: Luigina Feretti Commets: 14 pags,8 figs,Invited review at "Matter and Energy in Clusters of Galaxies", Taiwan, 2002 April 23-27; to appear in ASP Conf. Series, eds. S. Bowyer & C.-Y. Hwang Nebol'shoi obzor po radionablyudeniyam skoplenii galaktik. Osoboe vnimanie udelyaetsya izlucheniyu mezhgalakticheskoi sredy i galo. Svetimost' radiogalo horosho korreliruet s rentgenovskoi svetimost'yu i massoi.
Authors: Robert J. Nemiroff Commets: 28 pages, 4 figures. Accepted to Astronomical Journal. Mission specific correspondence welcome (to nemiroff@mtu.edu) Kak iskat' tranzientnye (t.e. vspyhivayushie) istochniki? Smotret' v odnu tochku? Metodichno osmatrivat' nebo? Sluchainym (ili ne sluchainym?) obrazm smotret' to tuda, to tuda? Avtor rassmatrivaet razlichnye vozmozhnosti s cel'yu vyrabotki naibolee razumnoi strategii.
Authors: Lee Samuel Finn Commets: 11 pages, 3 figures, to appear in CQG Journal-ref: Class. Quantum Grav. 20 (21 February 2003) L37-L44 Dva tverdotel'nyh eksperimenta po poisku gravitacionnyh voln - EXPLORER i NAUTILUS - zayavili ob obnaruzhenii statisticheski znachimogo signala ot ploskosti Galaktiki. Avtor stat'i pokazyvaet, chto znachimost' signala byla zavyshena.
Authors: I. Felix Mirabel, Irapuan Rodrigues Commets: 4 pages, 1 figure. Animation and high resolution figures can be retrived from the NRAO press release: http://www.aoc.nrao.edu/epo/pr/2003/scox1/ Journal-ref: Astronomy & Astrophysics, 398, L25--L28 (2003) Rassmatrivatesya vopros o proishozhdenii dvoinoi sistemy Scorpius X-1. Dlya etogo ob'ekta s vysokoi tochnost'yu izvestno rasstoyanie i komponenty skorosti. Poetomu mozhno rassuzhdat', gde on mog rodit'sya. Vvidu netipichnyh dlya diskovyh zvezd parametrov (ekscentrisitet 0.87 i t.d.) delaetsya vyvod, chto naibolee veroyatno, chto dvoinaya sistema byla obrazovana v sharovom skoplenii.
Authors: D. A. Green, F. R. Stephenson Commets: 12 pages, 4 figures, to be published in "Supernovae and Gamma Ray Bursters", ed. K. W. Weiler, Lecture Notes in Physics, Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York Opisyvayutsya dannye po izvestnym istoricheskim (t.e. nablyudavshimsya nevooruzhennym glazom) sverhnovym: sverhnovaya Keplera, sverhnovaya Tiho, sverhnovye 1181, 1054 i 1006 gg. Sovetuem prochest' vsem. Chtenie legkoe i priyatnoe.
Authors: Mario Livio Commets: 13 pages, no figures or tables. To be published in the proceedings of Carnegie Observatories Centennial Symposium II, "Measuring and Modeling the Universe," held 12-22 November 2002, Carnegie Observatories, Pasadena, CA, USA Obsuzhdaetsya svyaz' novyh kosmologicheskih otkrytii s problemami sushestvovaniya i razvitiya zhizni vo Vselennoi.
Authors: Daniel Eisenstein Commets: Proceedings from Wide-Field Multi-Object Spectroscopy conference at NOAO in October 2001, to be published by the ASP Conference Series. 8 pages, LaTex, 1 figure Zakanchivaetsya obrabotka dannyh obzorov 2dF i SDSS (sm. ogromnyi potok publikaciya v Arhive). Chto zhe dal'she? Imenno etim voprosom zadaetsya avtor stat'i.
Authors: N. Masetti Commets: 6 pages, 2 figures, solicited talk at the Rome 2002 GRB workshop Daetsya korotkii obzor poslednih dvuh let issledovanii opticheskih poslesvechenii kosmicheskih gamma-vspleskov.
My budem starat'sya hotya by perechislit' interesnye (dlya shirokoi publiki)
stat'i, poyavivshiesya v razdele
physics
(vklyuchaya cross-listing).
Authors: S. Deser Commets: 5 pages, Latex. Invited Lecture, Dirac Centennial Symposium, Florida State University, December 2002 Opisyvaetsya vklad Diraka v razrabotku teorii gravitacii.
Authors: P. Palazzi Commets: 9 pages + cover, 10 figures Dovol'no interesnoe rassuzhdenie o massah chastic. Podcherknem, eto gipoteza. Odnako, vozmozhno zasluzhivayushaya nekotorogo vnimaniya.
Authors: Subhash Kak Commets: 36 pages Opisyvaetsya istoriya i vzaimoproniknovenie vavilonskoi i indiiskoi astronomii.
Arhiv statei, voshedshih v predydushie vypuski.
Razdely arhiva (s iyulya 2002 g.): Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki. Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph s 2001 g. |
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