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17.12.02. astro-ph za 09 - 13 dekabrya 2002 goda: izbrannye stat'i



Novaya rubrika: stat'i nedeli

Teper' my budem starat'sya vydelit' "luchshih iz luchshih".

  • astro-ph/0212189 Deformiruemye zhidkie ferromagnitnye zerkala - novyi podhod k adaptivnoi optike (Ferrofluid Based Deformable Mirrors - a New Approach to Adaptive Optics Using Liquid Mirrors)
    Authors: P. Laird, R. Bergamasco, V. Berube et al
  • astro-ph/0212218 Standartnaya gravitacionno-volnovaya svecha (Gravitational-wave standard candles)
    Authors: Daniel E. Holz and Scott A. Hughes
  • astro-ph/0212223 Modelirovanie kart mikrovolnovogo fona dlya mnogosvyaznyh prostranstv (Simulating Cosmic Microwave Background maps in multi-connected spaces)
    Authors: Alain Riazuelo, Jean-Philippe Uzan, Roland Lehoucq, Jeffrey Weeks
  • astro-ph/0212295 Termodinamika i samogravitiruyushie sistemy (Thermodynamics and Self-Gravitating Systems)
    Author: Joseph Katz (The Racah Institute of Physics, Jerusalem, Israel.)

    hep-ph/0212069 Uskoryayushayasya Vselennaya i Luna (The Accelerated Universe and the Moon)
    Authors: Gia Dvali, Andrei Gruzinov, and Matias Zaldarriaga

    Sushestvuyut kosmologicheskie teorii v kotoryh nizkii temp uskoreniya Vselennoi ob'yasnyaetsya izmeneniem zakona tyagoteniya na ochen' bol'shih rasstoyaniyah (poryadka gorizonta ili na eshe bOl'shih). Odnako takie izmeneniya mogut byt' obnaruzheny i na malyh rasstoyaniyah, naprimer s pomosh'yu precizionnyh izmerenii rasstoyaniya v sisteme Zemlya-Luna.


    astro-ph/0212176 Ogranicheniya na temnuyu materiyu po 5 godam eksperimenta EROS (Limits on Galactic Dark Matter with 5 Years of EROS SMC Data)
    Authors: EROS Collaboration
    Commets: 6 pages, 3 figures

    Pyat' let proekt EROS kazhduyu noch' nablyudaet za Malym Magellanovym Oblakom v poiskah sobytii gravitacionnogo mikrolinzirovaniya. V hode etogo eksperimenta byli zafiksirovany chetyre ochen' dlinnyh sobytiya, kotorye, vozmozhno, proizvedeny linzami ne prinadlezhashimi galo Galaktiki. Iz etih dannyh mozhno poluchit' ogranichenie, chto ne bolee 25% massy galo mozhet soderzhat'sya v ob'ektah sostoyashih iz temnoi materii s massami ot 2.10-7 Mo do 1 Mo.


    astro-ph/0212177 Komety i asteroidnaya opasnost' dlya planet zemnoi gruppy (Comet and Asteroid Hazard to the Terrestrial Planets)
    Authors: S. I. Ipatov and J. C. Mather
    Commets: "Advances in Space Research" (Proc. of COSPAR-2002 (10-19 October 2002, Houston, TX, USA), COSPAR02-A-00845), submitted

    Byla rasschitana evolyuciya orbit neskol'kih tysyach komet prohodyashih blizko ot Yupitera (podobnyh kometam semeistva Yupitera) na intervale v 10 mln. let. Bylo naideno, chto tol'ko malaya dolya komet popadaet v semeistvo Apollo (s bol'shoi poluos'yu < 2AE), v semeistvo Aten ili v semeistvo komet dvizhushihsya vnutri orbity Zemli (afelii < 0.983AE). Vyvod - bol'shaya chast' proletayushih blizko ot Zemli ob'ektov ne iz kometnogo semeistva Yupitera, veroyatno eto byvshie Transneptunovskie ob'ekty.


    astro-ph/0212189 Deformiruemye zhidkie ferromagnitnye zerkala - novyi podhod k adaptivnoi optike (Ferrofluid Based Deformable Mirrors - a New Approach to Adaptive Optics Using Liquid Mirrors)
    Authors: P. Laird, R. Bergamasco, V. Berube et al
    Commets: 9 pages. To appear in SPIE meeting in Hawaii August 2002. Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation

    Teleskopy stanovyatsya vse bol'she, vse bol'she stanovitsya potrebnost' v adaptivnoi optike. Avtory ispytali zhidkoe zerkalo, sostoyashee iz ferromagnitnoi zhidkosti (kolloida) na osnove vody i masla, upravlyaemoi magnitnym polem, pokrytoi tonkim sloem otrazhayushego soderzhashego serebro metallokolloida. Polucheny interesnye eksperimental'nye rezul'taty.


    astro-ph/0212190 Narushenie lorencevskoi invariantnosti i sinhrotronnoe izluchenie Krabovidnoi tumannosti: novye ogranicheniya sushestvenno vyshe Plankovskogo znacheniya (Lorentz violation and Crab synchrotron emission: a new constraint far beyond the Planck scale)
    Authors: T. Jacobson, S. Liberati, and D. Mattingly
    Commets: 13 pages, 3 figures

    Narushenie lorencevskoi invariantnosti prostranstva-vremeni mozhet proishodit' na energiyah blizkih k Plankovskim i proyavlyat'sya v poyavlenii u fotonov v vakuume dispersii (t.k. ih skorost' budet otlichat'sya ot c). Nablyudeniya sinhrotronnogo izlucheniya Krabovidnoi tumannosti pozvolilo poluchit' novoe ogranichenie na harakternoe znacheniya etoi energii (pri kotoroi dispersiya stanovitsya sushestvennoi) E>4.5.1027 GeV. Eta velichina na 4 poryadka vyshe Plankovskoi energii i na 5 poryadkov vyshe predydushih ogranichenii.


    astro-ph/0212191 Special'nyi teleskop dlya obnaruzheniya kosmicheskih gravitacionnyh voln po pul'saram (Special Purpose Pulsar Telescope for the Detection of Cosmic Gravitational Waves)
    Authors: Shou-Guan Wang, Zong-Hong Zhu, Zhen-Long Zou, Yuan-Zhong Zhang
    Commets: 5 pages, no figure, Latex file Journal-ref: Int.J.Mod.Phys. D11 (2002) 1061-1065

    Davno izvestna ideya ispol'zovat' pul'sary dlya registracii sverhnizkochastotnyh gravitacionnyh voln s periodami ot 1 do 100 let. Teper' dlya etoi zadachi predlagaetsya postroit' special'nyi 50 m radioteleskop, kotoryi budet regulyarno izmeryat' taiming 10 naibolee stabil'nyh millisekundnyh pul'sarov.


    astro-ph/0212218 Standartnaya gravitacionno-volnovaya svecha (Gravitational-wave standard candles)
    Authors: Daniel E. Holz and Scott A. Hughes (KITP, UCSB)
    Commets: 4 pages, 4 figures

    Okazyvaetsya slivayushiesya dvoinye chernye dyry mozhno ispol'zovat' kak standartnye svechi - istochniki gravitacionnyh voln s tochno izvestnoi svetimost'yu. Nablyudaya za izmeneniem amplitudy i chastoty signala my mozhem opredelit' vse parametry etoi sistemy i vychislit' krasnoe smeshenie i rasstoyanie do nee s tochnost'yu 1%! (Tol'ko, po-moemu, etot fakt byl dostatochno davno izvesten.)


    astro-ph/0212223 Modelirovanie kart mikrovolnovogo fona dlya mnogosvyaznyh prostranstv (Simulating Cosmic Microwave Background maps in multi-connected spaces)
    Authors: Alain Riazuelo, Jean-Philippe Uzan, Roland Lehoucq, Jeffrey Weeks
    Commets: 32 pages, 49 figures, submitted to PRD. Higher resolution figures available on demand

    Vselennaya mozhet imet' slozhnuyu topologiyu (tory, skleiki i t.p.) Budet li eto skazyvat'sya na raspredelenii neodnorodnostei temperatury reliktovogo izlucheniya? Esli da - to kak? Stat'ya posvyashena osobennostyam chislennogo modelirovaniya, no v nei mnogo model'nyh kartinok.


    obzor astro-ph/0212225 Nekotorye aspekty fiziki pervichnyh chernyh dyr (Some aspects of primordial black hole physics)
    Authors: G. Boudoul & A. Barrau
    Commets: Proceedings of the International Conference on Theoretical Physics (TH2002), to appear in Annales Henri Poincare

    Malen'kie chernye dyry obrazuyutsya na rannih etapah evolyucii Vselennoi, esli perepady plotnosti togda byli dostatochno veliki. V etoi stat'e priveden obzor poslednih dostizhenii v etoi oblasti. Rassmotreny voprosy poiska takih chernyh dyr (cherez kosmicheskie i gamma-luchi), ispol'zovaniya pervichnyh chernyh dyr dlya izucheniya Vselennoi na ochen' malyh kosmologicheskih shkalah (v ochen' rannem vozraste). V konce rassmotreny nekotorye effekty "novoi fiziki" - vliyanie vysshih izmerenii na obrazovanie pervichnyh chernyh dyr.


    hep-ph/0212110 Raspredelenie aromatov kosmicheskih neitrino (The flavor distribution of Cosmic Neutrinos)
    Authors: G.J. Gounaris and G. Moultaka
    Commets: 6 pages, no figures. e-mail: gounaris@physics.auth.gr Report-no: THES-TP 2002/03, PM/02-55

    Eksperimenty poslednih let ustanovili, chto razlichnye sorta neitrino smeshivayutsya (perehodyat drug v druga) i dostatochno sil'no ogranichili vozmozhnye znacheniya parametrov smeshivaniya. A kak budut raspredeleny po aromatam (sortam) neitrino prihodyashie iz kosmosa? V dannoi rabote daetsya prostoi analiticheskii otvet na etot vopros.


    astro-ph/0212243 Obrazovanie sharovyh skoplenii v slivayushihsya galaktikah (Formation of Globular Clusters in Merging Galaxies)
    Authors: Francois Schweizer (Carnegie Observatories, Pasadena)
    Commets: 11 pages, LaTeX, 6 figures (= 10 EPS files); uses newpasp.sty. To appear in "New Horizons in Globular Cluster Astronomy," eds. G. Piotto, G. Meylan, G. Djorgovski, & M. Riello (ASP, San Francisco), 2003

    Sliyanie bogatyh gazom galaktik privodit k nachalu massovogo obrazovaniya zvezd i skoplenii. Za vremya sliyaniya rozhdayutsya tysyachi skoplenii, no tol'ko samye massivnye i kompaktnye iz nih perezhivayut pervyi milliard let i prevrashayutsya v obychnye sharovye skopleniya. A v techenie pervogo milliarda let s nachala sliyaniya eti sharovye skopleniya "vtorogo pokoleniya" vyglyadyat kak molodye skopleniya galo s posti solnechnym himicheskim sostavom. Podobnye sharovye skopleniya s promezhutochnymi vozrastami (2-5 mlrd. let) nedavno byli naideny v primerno 10 ellipticheskih galaktikah.


    astro-ph/0212257 Vvedenie v GOLDmine: novaya baza dannyh o galaktikah v internet (Introducing GOLDMine: A new Galaxy Database on the WEB)
    Authors: G. Gavazzi et al.
    Commets: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for pubblication in Astronomy & Astrophysics

    Novyi sait "GOLDMine" (Galaxy On Line Database Milano Network) http://goldmine.mib.infn.it soderzhit dannye o nablyudeniyah 3267 galaktik skoplenii Virgo i Coma na raznyh dlinah voln v opticheskom diapazone. Tam zhe soderzhatsya izobrazheniya galaktik.


    astro-ph/0212270 Problema poslednego parseka (The final parsec problem)
    Authors: Milos Milosavljevic, David Merritt
    Commets: 8 pages, invited contribution to the Proceedings of the 4th LISA Symposium, State College, PA, July 2002

    Esli dve galaktiki s chernymi dyrami v centrah slivayutsya, to cherez nekotoroe vremya obe chernyh dyry okazyvayutsya v centre (minimume gravitacionnogo potenciala) obrazovavsheisya galaktiki, gde obrazuyut dvoinuyu sistemu. Gravitacionnyi volny ot takoi dvoinoi mogut byt' zaregistrirovany kosmicheskim detektorom LISA. Dannaya stat'ya posvyashena processam, kotorye budut proishodit' v takoi sisteme, kogda rasstoyanie mezhdu chernymi dyrami stanet men'she parseka.


    astro-ph/0212286 "Propushennoe zveno" v evolyucii zvezdnyh skoplenii (The Missing Link in Star Cluster Evolution)
    Authors: Richard de Grijs, Nate Bastian, Henny J.G.L.M. Lamers
    Commets: accepted for publication in the ApJ Letters; 10 pages in AASTEX preprint format; including 2 postscript figures

    Samaya populyarnaya segodnya model' dinamicheskoi evolyucii zvezdnyh skoplenii predskazyvaet, chto stepennaya funkciya svetimosti molodyh skoplenii dolzhna bystro prevrashat'sya v gaussovu funkciyu svetimostei "staryh" sharovyh skoplenii, podobnyh tem, chto nablyudayutsya v nashei Galaktike. Pohozhe, chto nablyudayushayasya centre v galaktiki M82 sistema sharovyh skoplenii s vozrastami okolo 1 Glet nahoditsya kak raz na stadii perehoda mezhdu etimi dvumya sostoyaniyami.


    astro-ph/0212288 Rol' magnitnyh polei v spiral'nyh galaktikah (The Role of Magnetic Fields in Spiral Galaxies)
    Author: Rainer Beck
    Commets: 10 pages with 3 figures.

    Mezhzvezdnye magnitnye polya dostatochno sil'ny: do 25.10-6 G v spiral'nyh vetvyah i do 40.10-6 G vblizi yader galaktik. V spiral'noi galaktike NGC 6946 srednyaya plotnost' energii magnitnyh polei vyshe, chem teplovoi energii gaza. Magnitnye polya kontroliruyut evolyuciyu plotnyh oblakov i, vozmozhno, global'nuyu effektivnost' zvezdoobrazovaniya. Potoki gaza i udarnye volny v spiral'nyh vetvyah i barah modificiruyutsya magnitnymi polyami. I tak dalee ...


    astro-ph/0212292 Plotnye sistemy gaz-zvezdy: evolyuciya sverhmassivnyh zvezd (Dense gas-star systems: Super-massive stars evolution)
    Authors: Pau Amaro-Seoane
    Commets: 9 pages, no figures, to appear in 2003, Carnegie Observatories Astrophysics Series, Vol. 1: Coevolution of Black Holes and Galaxies, ed. L. C. Ho (Pasadena: Carnegie Observatories, http://www.ociw.edu/ociw/symposia/series/symposium1/proceedings.html). Needs caps.cls and cupbook.cls (included)

    Vozmozhnost' sushestvovaniya v centre kvazara sverhmassivnoi zvezdy s massoi 107-109 Mo i svetimost'yu 1012 Lo ("magnetoid") rassmatrivalas' i byla ochen' populyarnoi v 60-e - 70-e gody. Svetimost' kvazarov v etoi modeli ob'yasnyalas' akkreciei na takoi sverhmassivnyi ob'ekt (Lynden-Bell 1969, u nas etoi tematikoi zanimalsya L.Ozernoi).

    Eta, dostatochno ekzotichnaya ideya, segodnya ispytyvaet vtoroe rozhdenie v svyazi s otkrytiem sverh massivnyh chernyh dyr v centrah mnogih galaktik. Koncepciya sverhmassivnoi (>5.104 Mo) zvezdy, pogruzhennoi v plotnoe zvezdnoe skoplenie mozhet ob'yasnit' ryad nablyudaemyh v kvazarah yavlenii. V dannoi stat'e chislenno izuchena dinamika vzaimodeistviya sverhmassivnoi zvezdy m okruzhayushim ee plotnym zvezdnym polem.


    obzor astro-ph/0212295 Termodinamika i samogravitiruyushie sistemy (Thermodynamics and Self-Gravitating Systems)
    Author: Joseph Katz (The Racah Institute of Physics, Jerusalem, Israel.)
    Commets: 35 pages,6 figures

    "Nulevym" zakonom termodinamiki yavlyaetsya utverzhdenie, chto termodinamicheskii podhod mozhet primenyat'sya tol'ko k sistemam u kotoryh est' sostoyanie ravnovesiya. A u samogravitiruyushih (gravitacionno-svyazannyh) sistem ego net - v gravitacionnuyu potencial'nuyu yamu (kak i v dolgovuyu) mozhno padat' beskonechno dolgo. Odnako nablyudayushiesya galaktiki i sharovye skopleniya vyglyadyat dostatochno ravnovesnymi. Poetomu postoyanno delayutsya popytki tak modificirovat' klassicheskuyu termodinamiku, chtoby ona mogla primenyat'sya i k zvezdnym skopleniyam. Etomu i posvyashen dannyi obzor ili, skoree, uchebnyi kurs.


    astro-ph/0212298 Sravnitel'nyi analiz rentgenovskih poslesvechenii opticheski yarkih i temnyh gamma-vspleskov (A comparative study of the X-ray afterglows properties of optically bright and dark GRBs)
    Authors: M. De Pasquale, L. Piro, R. Perna et al.
    Commets: 19 pages, 5 figures. To be published in The Astrophysical Journal

    Po dannym BeppoSAX (do fevralya 2001) 90% gamma-vspleskov obladayut rentgenovskimi poslesvecheniyami, a opticheskie poslesvecheniya est' tol'ko primerno u poloviny vspleskov. Razlichayutsya li rentgenovskie poslesvecheniya u "opticheski yarkih" vspleskov (obladayushih opticheskim poslesvecheniem) i u "temnyh"? Otvet - DA. So statisticheskoi znachimost'yu 99.8% pokazano, chto "temnyh" gamma-vspleskov rentgenovskii potok v diapazone 1.6-10 keV v srednem v 5 raz vyshe, chem u "yarkih". Est' i nekotorye drugie otlichiya.




    Arhiv statei, voshedshih v predydushie vypuski.

    Razdely arhiva (s iyulya 2002 g.):
    obzory, kosmologiya, neitrino, kosmicheskie luchi i gamma-astronomiya, galaktiki, AYaG, kvazary, nasha Galaktika, mezhzvezdnaya sreda, zvezdy, sverhnovye, ostatki sverhnovyh, chernye dyry, neitronnye zvezdy, linzirovanie, Solnce, ekzoplanety, Solnechnaya sistema, akkreciya, tesnye dvoinye sistemy, gamma-vspleski, gravitacionnye volny, mehanizmy izlucheniya, chislennoe modelirovanie, dinamika, mehanika metody obrabotki dannyh, MGD, metody nablyudenii, budushie nablyudatel'nye proekty, prochee.


    Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki.
    Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph s 2001 g.

    Sergei Popov
    Mihail Prohorov

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