Novosti nauki |
The R.A.P. Project |
20.09.02. astro-ph za 16 - 20 sentyabrya 2002 goda: izbrannye stat'i |
Rassmatrivaetsya kollaps sverhmassivnoi zvezdy v sverhmassivnuyu chernuyu dyru. Pokazano, chto parametry, poluchennye nedavno v rezul'tate chislennyh raschetov, mogut takzhe byt' polucheny analiticheski.
Authors: Nir J. Shaviv Comments: 33 pages, 11 figures. To Appear in New Astronomy Ranee my uzhe pisali ob etoi rabote. Togda poyavilis' tol'ko materialy konferencii, teper' zhe - polnaya zhurnal'naya stat'ya. Napomnim sut' issledovaniya. Izvestno, chto kosmicheskie luchi v principe mogut vliyat' na zemnoi klimat. Periodicheski Zemlya (vmeste s Solncem) peresekaet spiral'nye rukava Galaktiki. Imenno v rukavah v ostatkah sverhnovyh uskoryayutsya kosmicheskie luchi. Stalo byt' ih potok na Zemle budet povyshennym. Eto mozhet privesti k periodicheskim klimaticheskim anomaliyam. Avtor nahodit svidetel'stva v pol'zu togo, chto takoe deistvitel'no imelo mesto v istorii nashei planety.
Authors: Z. Berezhiani et al. Comments: AAS LaTeX, 11 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables Daetsya ob'yasnenie togo, kak gamma-vsplesk mozhet proizoiti spustya mnogo dnei ili let posle vzryva sverhnovoi. Ideya sostoit v perehode adronnogo veshestva neitronnoi zvezdy v kvarkovoe veshestvo. V rezul'tate vydelyaetsya poryadka 1052-53 erg.
Authors: Tommy Wiklind, Danielle Alloin Comments: 69 pages, Review on quasar lensing. Part of a LNP Topical Volume on "Dark matter and gravitational lensing", eds. F. Courbin, D. Minniti. To be published by Springer-Verlag 2002. Paper with full resolution figures can be found at ftp://oden.oso.chalmers.se/pub/tommy/mmviews.ps.gz Daetsya detal'nyi obzor sovremennogo sostoyaniya izucheniya vnegalakticheskih gravitacionnyh linz v mililmetrovom i submillimetrovom diapazonah. Obsuzhdayutsya vozmozhnosti budushih proektov (ALMA).
Authors: Remo J. Ruffini Comments: 33 pages, 19 figures, to appear in the "Proceedings of the Ninth Marcel Grossmann Meeting on General Relativity (MGIXMM)", World Scientific (Singapore, in press) Remo Ruffini - izvestneishii specialist po izucheniyu chernyh dyr. V techenie dolgogo vremeni on i ego gruppa razrabatyvayut al'ternativnuyu standartnym teoriyu gamma-vspleskov. Ideya sostoit v polyarizacii vakuuma pri kollapse.
Authors: Kevin A. Pimbblet Comments: 6 pages. Accepted for publication in Physics Ed Moe lichnoe ubezhdenie sostoit v tom, chto 11-tiklassniki pri izuchenii kursa astronomii dolzhny poznakomit'sya s dvumya fundamental'nymi faktami. Odin - sintez elementov vo Vselennoi (my vse sostoim iz "zvezdnogo veshestva"). Vtoroi - razbeganie galaktik (v prostorech'e - "rasshirenie Vselennoi"). V svoei stat'e Kevin Pimbblet rassmatrivaet izvestnuyu problemu: chto meshaet shkol'nikam pravil'no usvoit' vtoroi fakt (vklyuchaya prosteishee opisanie modeli bol'shogo vzryva i t.p.).
Authors: S. V. Bogovalov, D.V. Khangoulian Comments: 7 pages, 1 figure. accepted to MNRAS Avtory rassmatrivayut obrazovanie tora i dzhetov vokrug pul'sara v Krabe. Novoe, chto vvodyat avtory, - anizotropiya potoka energii ot pul'sara.
Authors: Marc Kamionkowski Comments: 8 pages. To appear in "Galaxy Evolution: Theory and Observations", Eds. V. Avila-Reese, C. Firmani, C. Frenk, & C. Allen, RevMexAA SC (2002) V dovol'no populyarnoi forme avtor rassuzhdaet na temu kak mozhno chto-to uznat' ob inflyacionnom potenciale po dannym sovremennyh i budushih nablyudenii (reliktovoe izluchenie, krupnomasshtabnaya struktura i t.p.).
Authors: Sabine Moehler Comments: 8 pages, 2 figures, uses newpasp.sty (included), Invited Review to appear in "New Horizons in Globular Cluster Astronomy", eds. G. Piotto, G. Meylan, G. Djorgovski, & M. Riello, ASP Conf. Ser. (2003) Belyh karlikov voobshe mnogo, a v sharovyh skopleniyah - osobenno. Eti zvezdnye ostatki vazhny, v chastnosti, potomu, chto pozvolyayut poluchat' nezavisimye ocenki rasstoyaniya do sharovyh skoplenii, a takzhe dayut vozmozhnost' uznat' vozrast skopleniya. Avtor obsuzhdaet v svoem obzore evolyucionnyi put' belyh karlikov v sharovyh skopleniyah. Osoboe vnimanie udelyaetsya puti do stadii belogo karlika.
Authors: M.E.Gusakov, O.Y.Gnedin Comments: 10 pages, 6 figures Journal-ref: Astronomy Letters 28 (2002) 669-675
Authors: M. Sereno, V.F. Cardone Comments: 6 pages, To appear in A&A Avtory rassmatrivayut linzirovanie na sfericheskoi linze, obladayushei zametnym momentom vrasheniya. Eto mozhet byt' vazhno dlya linzirovaniya na belyh karlikah i galaktikah. Effekt okazyvaetsya poryadka 0.1%.
Authors: L. Foschini et al. Comments: 4 pages, no figures. Presented at AGN05: Inflows, Outflows and Reprocessing around black holes, Como (Italy), 11-14 June 2002. To appear in the Proceedings Daetsya obzor po t.n. sverhyarkim (ultraluminous) rentgenovskim istochnikam. Prichina ih naimenovaniya kroetsya v tom, chto svetimost' istochnikov prevoshodit eddingtonovskuyu dlya zvezdnyh mass. Rassmatrivayutsya razlichnye gipotezy, ob'yasnyayushie prirodu etih ob'ektov. Ob obnaruzhenii odnogo ochen' interesnogo ob'ekta dannogo tipa sm. astro-ph/0209292.
Authors: W.T. Vestrand et al. Comments: 11 pages, To appear in the Proceedings of the SPIE, Volume 4845 Nashestvie robotov. Zemlyu pokroet set' polnost'yu robotizirovannyh teleskopov, svyazannyh v edinuyu set'. Ni odin astronomicheskii ob'ekt ne smozhet iz nee vyrvat'sya ... Primerno tak budet obstoyat' delo v nedalekom budushem. Poka zhe est' neskol'ko takih teleskopov v raznyh chastyah sveta, i est' proekt RAPTOR. Proekt prednaznachen dlya otslezhivaniya opticheskih tranzientov. Sostoit on iz dvuh sistem teleskopov, raznesennyh na 38 kilometrov, i nablyudayushih odin i tot zhe uchastok neba ploshad'yu 1500 kv. gradusov. Za schitannye sekundy sistema analiziruet poyavivshiesya tranzienty. Na vspyhnuvshii ob'ekt navoditsya sistema, dayushaya bolee detal'noe izobrazhenie. Istochniki nablyudayutsya v raznyh fil'trah, tak chto imeetsya i informaciya o cvetah. Krome vsego prochego, na interesnyi ob'ekt mozhno navesti i teleskop so spektrografom (pravda, nizkogo razresheniya).
Authors: Steven R. Cranmer Comments: 6-page review paper (single PDF file), 4 figures, published in the proceedings of the SOHO-11 Symposium: From Solar Minimum to Solar Maximum, 11-15 March 2002, Davos, Switzerland, ESA SP-508, pp. 361--366 Daetsya obzor sovremennogo sostoyaniya del v izuchenii vysokoskorostnyh vybrosov, kotorye uskoryayutsya v koronal'nyh dyrah. Dannye sputnika SOHO, a takzhe dannye s drugih apparatov dayut vazhnye ogranicheniya na vozmozhnye ob'yasneniya togo, kak chasticy uskoryayutsya do nablyudayushihsya bol'shih energii. Avtor obsuzhdaet kak nablyudatel'nye novosti, tak i novosti v teoreticheskih issledovaniyah, a takzhe perspektivy, svyazannye s novymi proektami.
Authors: Nikos Prantzos Comments: Invited review talk in The Gamma-Ray Universe (XXII Moriond Astrophysics meeting), 14 pages, 5 figs. Proceedings edited by A. Goldwurm et al. (in press) V stat'e dan obzor "zvezdnoi radioaktivnosti". Rech' idet o sinteze radioaktivnyh elementov massivnymi zvezdami (v tom chisle i pri vzryvah sverhnovyh). Dan interesnyi istoricheskii obzor.
Authors: Joshua Pepper, Andrew Gould, and D. L. DePoy (Ohio State University) Comments: 6 pages, including 1 figure Okazyvaetsya, chto dlya otkrytiya planet horosho nablyudat' yarkie zvezdy. Dlya etogo luchshe vsego podhodyat OChEN' malen'kie teleskopy. Godichnyi obzor s kroshechnym teleskopom mozhet dat' vozmozhnost' otkryt' VSE goryachie yupitery okolo zvezd yarche 10 velichiny (a ih mnogo!).
Authors: Karl Gebhardt, R. Michael Rich, Luis Ho Comments: 4 pages, accepted in The Astrophysical Journal Letters, October 2002 Chernye dyry byvayut raznymi: zvezdnyh mass (obrazuyutsya iz zvezd), sverhmassivnye (obrazuyutsya v centrah galaktik), pervichnye (ochen' malen'kie massy, kak u asteroida, obrazuyutsya v rannei Vselennoi). Poslednee vremya poyavilis' ukazaniya na sushestvovanie chernyh dyr s massami poryadka neskol'kih tysyach mass Solnca. Otkryto mnogo t.n. sverhyarkih istochnikov, svetimost' kotoryh sootvetstvuet eddingtonovskomu predelu dlya ob'ekta s massoi poryadka neskol'kih tysyach mass Solnca. Odnako, mnogie schitayut, chto tut vse mozhet byt' prosto. Svetimost' ocenivayut v predpolozhenii izotropnogo izlucheniya. Esli zhe est' strui, to real'naya svetimost' na poryadki nizhe, i problemy net. V stat'e opisyvaetsya izmerenie massy chernoi dyry v sharovom skoplenii G1 (Mayall II). Ono nahoditsya v Tumannosti Andromedy. Po dispersii skorostei zvezd uchenye ocenili massu dyry. Eto ne sovsem pryamoe izmerenie (luchshe bylo by poluchit' individual'nye skorosti zvezd na ochen' malom rasstoyanii ot yadra), odnako reshul'tat vyglyadit dovol'no nadezhnym. Vozmozhno, G1 eto ne obychnoe skoplenie, a yadro galaktiki, pogloshennoi Tumannost'yu Andromedy. Po sootnosheniyu massa dyry - dispersiya 1 popadaet na odnu pryamuyu so mnogimi galaktikami. Krome etogo, po nablyudeniyam na Kosmicheskom teleskope otkryta chernaya dyra s massoi 4 103 mass Solnca v sharovom skoplenii M15 (astro-ph/0209314, astro-ph/0209315).
Authors: Yasufumi Kojima, Koh-ichi Sakata Comments: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Prog. Theor. Phys Kak otlichit' obychnuyu neitronnuyu zvezdu ot kvarkovoi? Idei mnogo. Vot eshe odna. U kvarkovyh i neitronnyh zvezd okazyvayutsya razlichnymi kolebatel'nye svoistva. Esli udast'sya (v otdalennom budushem!) pronablyudat' gravitacionnye volny ot oscilliruyushih kompaktnyh ob'ektov, to mozhno budet otlichit' kvarkovye zvezdy ot neitronnyh (otmechu, odnako ot sebya, chto volny proshe nablyudat' ot tol'ko chto sformirovavshihsya zvezd, a perehod v kvarkovoe sostoyanie mozhet proizoiti namnogo pozzhe).
Authors: V .I. Dokuchaev, Yu.N. Eroshenko Comments: 6 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Astron. and Astrophys. Transactions Vyshe my pisali o korrelyacii mezhdu massoi chernoi dyry i dispersiei skorostei v baldzhe. V svoei stat'e avtory predlagayut ob'yasnenie sushestvovaniya takoi korrelyacii.
Authors: T.Tamura et al. Comments: Contribution to "New Visions of the X-ray Universe in the XMM-Newton and Chandra Era" 26-30 November 2001, ESTEC, The Netherlands Na osnove dannyh rentgenovskogo sputnika HMM polucheno soderzhanie elementov v mezhgalakticheskom prostranstve. Sostav okazalsya pohozh na t.n. standartnyi solnechnyi. Takoe sootnoshenie elementov sozdaetsya v osnovnom blagodyarya vspyshkam sverhnovyh kak pervogo tak i vtorogo tipov. Znachit veshestvo horosho peremeshano. Odnako, vblizi massivnoi cD galaktiki zheleza okazalos' bol'she, chto mozhet svidetel'stvovat' o bol'shem vklade SNe Ia.
Authors: M.A. Barstow et al. Comments: 11 pages, including 7 figures and 5 tables To be published in Proc SPIE, vol 4854 Opisyvaetsya proekt kosmicheskoi ul'trafioletovoi observatorii s teleskopom diametrom 1.7 metra. Sputnik predpolagaetsya raspolozhit' vo vtoroi tochke Lagranzha sistemy Zemlya-Solnce.
Authors: V. I. Dokuchaev Comments: 14 pages, 8 figures Dano bolee obshee reshenie Sedova-Teilora dlya rasshireniya obolochki posle vzryva. Avtor uchityvaet zavisimost' energovydeleniya cetral'nogo istochnika ot vremeni.
Authors: P.P. Avelino, C.J.A.P. Martins Comments: 3 pages, no figures Snova o variacii fundamental'nyh postoyannyh. Est' takoi vopros: kakie postoyannye mogut izmenyat'sya? Naprimer, esli my izmerili izmenenie postoyannoi tonkoi struktury, to menyaetsya li ona sama vcelom, ili izmenyayutsya kakie-to (kakie?) iz vhodyashih v nee konstant? Avtory i pytayutsya razobrat'sya v etih voprosah.
Authors: M.A. Barstow et al. Comments: 11 pages, including 9 figure and 2 tables. To be published in Proc SPIE, vol 4854 Opisyvayutsya rezul'taty raboty novogo ul'trafioletovogo spektrografa, ispytannogo v raketnom zapuske. Instrument imeet ryad osobennostei, interesnyh specialistam.
Authors: Tomasz Bulik, Marek Sikora, Rafal Moderski Comments: 4 pages, Proceedings of the XXXVIIth Rencontres de Moriond, Les Arcs, France, 4-9 March 2002 Opyat' pro neitrony. V rezul'tate gamma-vspleska mozhno ozhidat' poyavleniya v vybrose bol'shogo chisla neitronov (Derishev et al. 1999). Eto vedet k dinamicheskim effektam, izmenyayushim krivuyu bleska. Avtory issleduyut etu situaciya s ispol'zovaniem ranee neuchityvavshihsya effektov.
Authors: Zhong Chao Wu Comments: 7 pages, Essay Esse. Etim mnogoe skazano. Avtor rassuzhdaet o tom, chto v d=11 supergravitacii estestvennym obrazom my okazyvaemsya v 4-mernom "normal'nom" prostranstve. Tak chto, schitaet kitaiskii uchenyi, net neobhodimosti v primenenii antropnogo principa v kosmologii.
Authors: Nino Panagia Comments: 14 pages, 10 figures; Invited Review, to appear in the Proceedings of the Conference "Origins 2002: The Heavy Element Trail from Galaxies to Habitable Worlds", 26-29 May, 2002, Eds. C.E. Woodward & E.P. Smith, to be published by ASP Obsuzhdayutsya svoistva samyh pervyh zvezd. Rassmatrivaetsya vopros o tom, kak mozhno nablyudatel'no otlichit' eti ob'ekty ot sformirovavshihsya chut' pozdnee, kogda sreda byla uzhe obogashena tyazhelymi elementami. V zaklyuchenie avtor rassuzhdaet, kak NGST (teper' ego prinyato nazyvat' JWST) smozhet pomoch' v vyyavlenii "samyh pervyh".
Authors: P.M. Koch, Ph.Jetzer, D.Puy Comments: Accepted for publication in New Astronomy Effekt Zel'dovicha-Syunyaeva (rasseyanie reliktovyh fotonov na goryachih elektronah v skopleniyah galaktik) yavlyaetsya moshnym instrumentom sovremennoi kosmologii. Tochnost' nablyudenii rastet, poetomu vazhno uchityvat' razlichnye tonkie effekty. Naprimer, vlichnie magnitnogo polya v mezhgalakticheskoi srede. Avtory rassmatrivayut dannuyu problemu i poluchayut, chto magnitnoe pole mozhet umen'shit' signal na 10 procentov.
Authors: G. Cremonese, F. Marzari, C. Burigana, M. Maris Comments: Accepted for pubblication in New Astronomy (2002). 1 figure in .eps format. Kak my uzhe neodnokratno otmechali v obzorah, vsyakii bol'shoi horoshii proekt imeet massu poleznyh poputnyh rezul'tatov (naprimer, sputnik SOHO, sozdannyi dlya izucheniya Solnca, otkryl uzhe 500 komet!). V dannoi stat'e avtory demonstriruyut, kak missiya Plank, sozdayushayasya dlya izucheniya reliktovogo izlucheniya (v chastnosti, dlya izmereniya ego polyarizacii), smozhet pomoch' v izuchenii malyh planet. Ocenki pokazyvayut, chto Plank smozhet uvidet' okolo chetyreh soten asteroidov.
Authors: Charles H. Lineweaver et al. Comments: 4 pages, 2 figures, Conference proceedings: "Scientific Frontiers in Research on Extrasolar Planets" held at the Carnegie Instituition, Washington DC June 18-21 2002. ASP Conf. Ser Srazu neskol'ko rabot, posvyashennyh ekzoplanetam i dolozhennyh na dvuh raznyh konferenciya, vylozhila gruppa avstraliiskih uchenyh. Pervaya iz etih rabot posvyashena sravneniyu nashei sistemy s izvestnymi ekzoplanetnymi sistemami. Po mneniyu avtorov nablyudeniya ne pozvolyayut govorit' o netipichnosti nashei sistemy. Vo vtoroi stat'e (astro-ph/0209383) obsuzhdaetsya vopros o tipichnosti yupiterov i planet tipa Zemli. Issledovateli schitayut, chto oba tipa planet dolzhny byt' ves'ma tipichnymi. Tret'ya stat'ya (astro-ph/0209385) svyazana s biogenezisom na Zemle i rasprostranennost'yu etogo yavleniya vo Vselennoi. I, nakonec, v poslednei (astro-ph/0209388) obsuzhdayutsya voprosy avtomaticheskogo poiska planet po ih prohozhdeniyam po diskam zvezd.
Authors: Jeffrey Weeks, Roland Lehoucq, Jean-Philippe Uzan Comments: 16 pages, 7 figures Otchasti etot vopros obsuzhdalsya na forume Scientific.Ru. Opredelit' topologiyu Vselennoi voobshe nelegko, a v sluchae pochti ploskoi Vselennoi osobenno. Avtory rassmatrivayut chastnyi sfericheskii sluchai i pokazyvayut kakie algoritmy yavlyayutsya naibolee razumnymi i prostymi. Odnako, za prostotu prihoditsya platit' umen'sheniem kolichestva topologii, kotorye mozhno vyyavit'.
Arhiv statei, voshedshih v predydushie vypuski.
Razdely arhiva (s iyulya 2002 g.): Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki. Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph s 2001 g. |
|
Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
elektronnye preprinty - obzory - astro-ph
Publikacii so slovami: elektronnye preprinty - obzory - astro-ph | |
Sm. takzhe:
Vse publikacii na tu zhe temu >> |