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The R.A.P. Project (Reviews of Astro-Ph)

Nasha Galaktika
(Arhiv Nasha Galaktika:
v.2, 2003, v.1, 2002-2003)

Vypusk 202. 17-31 dekabrya 2008

arxiv:0812.3491 Uzor spiral'nyh rukavov Mlechnogo Puti (The Milky Way spiral arm pattern)
Authors: Peter Englmaier et al.
Comments: 6 pages, to appear in Mem.SAI

Po dannym nablyudenii molekulyarnogo gaza (SO) avtory stroyat trehmernuyu kartu Galaktiki, prorisovyvaya spiral'nye rukava. Vidny dva rukava, nachinayushiesya u bara vo vnutrennei chasti Galaktiki. Krome togo, vo vnutrennei chasti est' eshe para rukavov. Zatem eti rukava perehodyat v chetyrehrukavnuyu strukturu, nablyudayushuisya v linii neitral'nogo vodoroda vo vneshnih chastyah Galaktiki. Vpervye udalos' prosledit' spiral'nye rukava v oblasti za centrom Galaktiki.

Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve ru_astroph.
Obsudit' na Astroforume v Nauchnoi panorame.


arxiv:0812.3762 Odnovremennye nablyudeniya Sgr A* vo vremya rentgenovskoi vspyshki na H.E.S.S. i Chandre (Simultaneous H.E.S.S. and chandra observations of Sagittarius A* during an X-ray flare)
Authors: H.E.S.S. collaboration: F. Aharonian et al.
Comments: 5 pages, A&A 492, L25 (2008)

Udalos' poluchit' odnovremennye nablyudeniya chernoi dyry v centre nashei Galaktiki vo vremya sil'noi rentgenovskoi vspyshki. V rentgene potok vyros v 9 raz, a vot v TeVnom diapazone rosta potoka ne bylo (mozhno isklyuchit' vspyshku s udvoeniem i bolee sil'nym rostom svetimosti). Eto oznachaet, chto modeli, v kotoryh za keVnyi i Tevnyi diapazon otvechaet odna i ta zhe populyaciya uskorennyh chastic, mozhno otbrosit'.


Vypusk 201. 01-16 dekabrya 2008

obzor arxiv:0812.0046 Obzor kompleksa v Orione (Overview of the Orion complex)
Authors: John Bally
Comments: 26 pages, to be published in the Handbook of star formation regions, Vol. 1 Astronomical society of the Pacific, 2008, Ed. Bo Reiputh

Vyhodit zamechatel'nyi sbornik statei, v kotorom opisyvayutsya razlichnye oblasti zvezdoobrazovaniya. Prakticheski vse stat'i iz sbornika dostupny v Arhive. Ocherednaya poyavivshayasya stat'ya posvyashena blizhaishei oblasti zvezdoobrazovaniya v Orione, v kotoroi i seichas obrazuyutsya massivnye i malomassivnye zvezdy. Krome opisaniya sobstvenno kompleksa zvezdoobrazovaniya v Orione avtor dostatochno detal'no opisyvaet odin iz scenariev formirovaniya poyasa Gulda, i voobshe kartinu nedavnego zvezdoobrazovaniya v solnechnoi okrestnosti. Ochen' interesno i poznavatel'no.


item arxiv:0812.0558 Soderzhanie himicheskih elementov v Galakticheskom baldzhe: rezul'taty izucheniya planetarnyh tumannostei i zvezd-gigantov (Abundances in the Galactic bulge: results from planetary nebulae and giant stars).
Authors: Chiappini C. et al.
Comments: A&A, 39 pages

Ponimanie himicheskoi evolyucii Galakticheskogo baldzha trebuet analiza nablyudaemyh obilii himicheskih elementov (kislorod, neon, argon, sera) v planetarnyh tumannostyah i zvezdah-gigantah, prinadlezhashih etoi podsisteme Galaktiki. Analiz bol'shogo nablyudatel'nogo materiala pozvolil avtoram raboty sdelat' vyvod o tom, chto obiliya kisloroda i neona, nablyudaemye v planetarnyh tumannostyah, naibolee blizki k himicheskomu soderzhaniyu etih elementov v mezhzvezdnoi srede na moment formirovaniya tumannostei i, takim obrazom, mogut byt' ispol'zovany kak nablyudatel'nye ogranicheniya modelei himicheskoi evolyucii baldzha. Analogichnyi vyvod sdelan dlya sery i argona, elementov, soderzhanie kotoryh pochti ne izmenyaetsya v processe evolyucii planetarnyh tumannostei. Vyyavleno sushestvennoe rashozhdenie mezhdu soderzhaniem vyshe nazvannyh elementov v planetarnyh tumannostyah i zvezdah-gigantah.


Vypusk 199. 01-13 noyabrya 2008

arxiv:0811.1972 GCRT J1742-3001: novyi radiotranzient v napravlenii centra Galaktiki (GCRT J1742-3001: A new radio transient towards the Galactic center)
Authors: Scott D. Hyman et al.
Comments: 19 pages, 3 figures, submitted to ApJ

Otkryt novyi radiotranzientnyi istochnik v 1 graduse ot galakticheskogo centra. Nablyudeniya provodilis' na nizkih chastotah (235 Mgc i 610 Mgc) na indiiskom teleskope GMRT. Istochnik nablyudalsya v 2006-7 godah na chastote 235 Mgc. Na 610 Mgc istochnik ne byl zaregistrirovan. V drugih diapazonah istochnik ne otozhdestvlen (v chastnosti, avtory ispol'zuyut dannye nablyudenii Swift v rentgene).

V techenie mesyaca istochnik uvelichival yarkost', dostignuv primerno 100 milliYanskih. Zatem potok umen'shilsya k mayu 2007 goda do 50 milliYanskih. V sentyabre 2007 i v 2008 g. obnaruzhit' istochnik uzhe ne udalos'. Takoe povedenie pohozhe na demonstrirovavsheesya drugim tranzientom v oblasti centra Galaktiki, kotoryi nablyudalsya v 1990-91 gg.

Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve ru_astroph.
Obsudit' na Astroforume v Nauchnoi panorame.



Vypusk 198. 20-31 oktyabrya 2008

arxiv:0810.4674 Monitoring zvezdnyh orbit vokrug massivnoi chernoi dyry v centre Galaktiki (Monitoring stellar orbits around the massive black hole in the Galactic center)
Authors: S. Gillessen et al.
Comments: accepted for publicatin in ApJ, 35 pages, 21 figures

Ocherednaya stat'ya, posvyashennaya dannym po dvizheniyu zvezd vokrug sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyry v centre nashei Galaktiki. Ispol'zuyutsya dannye za (uzhe) 16 let! Povyshaetsya tochnost' ocenki massy dyry. Teper' eto 4.31 milliona mass Solnca. Krome vsyakih prochih netochnostei v otvet vhodit i neopredelennost' v rasstoyanii do centra Galaktiki. Privedennoe znachenie dano dlya 8.33 kpk.


Vypusk 197. 13-19 oktyabrya 2008

obzor arxiv:0810.2923 Galakticheskie i vnegalakticheskie magnitnye polya (Galactic and extragalactic magnetic fields)
Authors: Rainer Beck
Comments: 14 pages, 14 figures, to be published in "High energy gamma-ray Astronomy"

Horoshii obzor po magnitnym polyam. Mnogo fakticheskih dannyh, illyustracii i ssylok. Formul net - odna fenomenologiya. Chitaetsya legko.


Vypusk 196. 01-12 oktyabrya 2008

arxiv:0810.0138 Evolyucioniruyushee goryachee pyatno, vrashayusheesya vokrug Sgr A* (An evolving hot spot orbiting around Sgr A*)
Authors: M. Zamaninasab et al.
Comments: 7 pages, 5 figures, contribution for the conference "The Universe under the Microscope" (AHAR 2008), to be published in Journal of Physics: Conference Series by Institute of Physics Publishing

Po nablyudeniyam v mae 2007 goda odnoi iz vspyshek SGR A* v blizhnem IK-diapazone avtory stroyat model', v kotoroi izmenenie parametrov vspyshki ob'yasnyaetsya goryachim pyatnom v diske. Pyatno vrashaetsya differencial'no, v rezul'tate ono evolyucioniruet, chto i nablyudaetsya.

Sm. takzhe drugie svezhie raboty etoi gruppy, svyazannye s issledovaniem nashei central'noi chernoi dyry i oblasti vokrug nee: arxiv:0810.0168 (o skoordinirovannyh nablyudeniyah SGR A* v raznyh diapazonah spektra), arxiv:0810.0138 (o nablyudeniyah SGR A* v millimetrovom diapazone), arxiv:0810.0138 (ob okoloyadernom zvezdnom skoplenii v centre Galaktiki).


arxiv:0810.1429 Al'ternativnyi variant proishozhdeniya giperskorostnyh zvezd (An alternative origin for hypervelocity stars)
Authors: Mario G. Abadi et al.
Comments: Apj Letters, submitted, 8 pages, 4 figures

Napomnyu, chto v poslednie gody v galo Galaktiki byli otkryty zvezdy so skorost'yu dvizheniya neskol'ko soten kilometrov v sekundu. Standartnym ob'yasneniem yavlyaetsya dinamicheskoe vzaimodeistvie so sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyroi v centre Galaktiki. V rezul'tate vzaimodeistviya zvezda mozhet byt' vybroshena s bol'shoi skorost'yu.

V dannoi stat'e avtory predlagayut sleduyushuyu al'ternativu. Ih modelirovanie pokazyvaet, chto razrushenie karlikovoi galaktiki-sputnika v central'noi oblasti Mlechnogo Puti takzhe mozhet privesti k poyavleniyu zvezd s ochen' bol'shimi skorostyami. Avtory pokazyvayut, chto v blizhaishem budushem mozhno budet vyyasnit' kakoi iz scenariev veren, t.k. nekotorye ih predskazaniya ochen' razlichny. Naprimer, v scenarii s galaktikoi-sputnikom budut oblasti, v kotoryh giperskorostnyh zvezd budet gorazdo bol'she.


Vypusk 195. 12-30 sentyabrya 2008

arxiv:0809.2442 Struktura s razmerom poryadka gorizonta okolo kandidata v sverhmassivnye chernye dyry v centre Galaktiki (Event-horizon-scale structure in the supermassive black hole candidate at the Galactic Centre)
Authors: Sheperd Doeleman et al.
Comments: 12 pages including 2 figures, Nature, vol 455, p 78, 2008

Po dannym nablyudenii v millimetrovom diapazone avtory obnaruzhili strukturu s uglovym razmerom 30-50 mikrosekund, chto men'she ozhidaemogo razmera gorizonta.Eto mozhet govorit' o tom, chto znachitel'naya chast' izlucheniya ot Sgr A* mozhet idti ot akkrecionnogo potoka, a ne voznikat' v neposredstvennoi blizosti ot gorizonta. T.e., vidimo, polozhenie chernoi dyry ne sovpadaet s izmeryaemym polozheniem Sga A* na urovne desyatkov mikrosekund dugi. Odnako avtory pishut, chto dlya okonchatel'noi yasnosti nuzhny nablyudeniya na volne 1.3 millimetra s chut' bol'shei tochnost'yu.


miniobzor arxiv:0809.2507 O himicheskoi evolyucii nashei Galaktiki (On the chemical evolution of the Milky Way)
Authors: N. Prantzos
Comments: 12 pages, 13 figures, Invited talk at IAU Symposium No. 254 "The Galaxy Disk in Cosmological Context", Eds. J. Andersen et al., in press

Obsuzhdaetsya neskol'ko principial'nyh voprosov, kasayushihsya himicheskoi evolyucii nashei Galaktiki: raspredelenie metallichnosti v galo, sootnoshenie vozrast-metallichnost' v solnechnoi okrestnosti i radial'noe smeshivanie zvezd v diske Galaktiki.


miniobzor arxiv:0809.4268 Kinematicheskaya struktura magellanovoi sistemy (Kinematical Structure of the Magellanic System)
Authors: Roeland P. van der Marel et al.
Comments: 12 pages, including 1 figure. Invited review to be published in Proceedings of IAU Symposium 256, The Magellanic System: Stars, Gas, and Galaxies, Jacco Th. van Loon & Joana M. Oliveira, eds. 2009 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)

My poka vse-taki ne ochen' horosho predstavlyaem sebe istoriyu sovmestnoi zhizni nashei Galaktiki i ee blizhaishih krupnyh sputnikov - Magellanovyh oblakov. V nebol'shom obzore avtory summiruyut imeyushuyusya informaciyu (s uporom na svoi issledovaniya).

Soglasno avtoram, Magellanovy oblaka imeyut dostatochno bol'shuyu skorost' (eto izmereno po nablyudeniyam na Habble). Znachit, oni lish' pervyi raz proletayut mimo Mlechnogo puti. Hotya, vyvod zavyazan na ocenku polnoi massy nashei Galaktiki (vklyuchaya galo temnoi materii). No v lyubom sluchae t.n. Magellanov potok, po mneniyu avtorov, ne mozhet byt' prosto prilivnym hvostom.

Sm. takzhe dve drugie, bolee korotkie, zametki toi zhe gruppy: arxiv:0809.4263 i arxiv:0809.4265.


Vypusk 194. 01-11 sentyabrya 2008

arxiv:0809.0894 Shema dlya registracii supersimmetrichnoi temnoi materii v galo Galaktiki (A blueprint for detecting supersymmetric dark matter in the Galactic halo)
Authors: Volker Springel et al.
Comments: to appear in Nature, 23 pages, 8 figures, includes Supplementary Information

V svyazi s nachalom uspeshnoi raboty Fermi-GLAST aktivizirovalas' aktivnost', svyazannaya s raschetami registriruemosti gamma-luchei ot temnoi materii v nashei Galaktike. Poyavilos' srazu neskol'ko rabot.

Shpringel i soavtory v svoei stat'e v Nature rassmatrivayut sleduyushuyu problemu. Izvestno, chto temnoe veshestvo raspredeleno v galo neravnomerno. Vo-pervyh, est' sobstvenno galo nashei Galaktiki, vo-vtoryh v nem est' subgalo (ih chislo ochen' veliko - poryadka 100 000), v-tret'ih, i v galo i v subgalo est' struktury. Sprashivaetsya, signal ot kakih obrazovanii budet zametnee? Shpringel i soavtory reshayut etu problemu s pomosh'yu detal'nogo chislennogo modelirovaniya (bolee podrobno sm. arxiv:0809.0898).

Otvet, davaemyi v stat'e, takov. Zametnee budet signal ot osnovnogo galo. Razumeetsya, on sil'nee iz central'noi chasti Galaktiki (polovina signala ot vsego galo idet iz oblasti s radiusom primerno 2.6 kpk). Hotya subgalo summarno i dominiruyut v polnoi svetimosti (esli smotret' na nashu Galaktiku izdaleka, to osnovnoi annigilyacionnyi signal budet svyazan s subgalo), no dlya nablyudatelya na Zemle subgalo - dostatochno dalekie istochniki. Poetomu my zhdem signala v pervuyu ochered' iz central'noi chasti Mlechnogo Puti.

Eshe v odnoi stat'e (arxiv:0809.0901) takzhe s pomosh'yu chislennogo modelirovaniya issleduetsya struktura i obrazovaniya galo temnoi materii. A v arxiv:0809.0886 obsuzhdaetsya, smozhet li Fermi-GLAST obnaruzhit' sobstvennoe dvizhenie subgalo. Otvet: skoree vsego net, t.k. maloveroyatno, chto dazhe blizhaishee k nam subgalo budet dostatochno blizko dlya etogo.

Takzhe vopros o vozmozhnoi registracii temnoi materii putem nablyudeniya gamma-izlucheniya ot annigilyacii i svoistva galo obsuzhdayutsya v arxiv:0809.1523.


arxiv:0809.1105 Katalog tochechnyh rentgenovskih istochnikov po dannym dvuhmegasekundnyh nablyudenii galakticheskogo centra na Chandre (A Catalog of X-ray Point Sources from Two Megaseconds of Chandra Observations of the Galactic Center)
Authors: M. P. Muno et al.
Comments: 23 pages, 13 figures, 7 tables. Submitted to ApJ Supplements

Slozhiv dannye mnogih nablyudenii oblasti galakticheskogo centra, avtory poluchili zamechatel'nyi obzor ploshadki razmerom primerno 2 (po dolgote) na 0.8 gradusov. Tam vydeleno 9017 tochechnyh istochnikov. Provedena ih pervichnaya klassifikaciya.

Interesno, po moim prikidkam, tam dolzhno byt' neskol'ko odinochnyh akkreciruyushih neitronnyh zvezd. Vot by ih vydelit'!


Vypusk 193. 15-31 avgusta 2008

obzor arxiv:0808.2624 Est' li sverhmassivnaya chernaya dyra v centre nashei Galaktiki? (Is there a Supermassive Black Hole at the Center of the Milky Way?)
Authors: Mark J. Reid
Comments: Invited review submitted to International Journal of Modern Physics D; 23 pages; 10 figures

Horoshii obzor po issledovaniyam sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyry v centre nashei Galaktiki. Opisana istoriya voprosa i akkuratno rassmotreno, pochemu my tak uvereny, chto dyra tam est'.


arxiv:0808.2870 Izmerenie rasstoyaniya do central'noi sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyry v nashei Galaktike i ee svoistv po dannym o zvezdnyh orbitah (Measuring Distance and Properties of the Milky Way's Central Supermassive Black Hole with Stellar Orbits)
Authors: A. M. Ghez, et al.
Comments: ApJ, accepted (26 pages, 16 figures, 7 tables)

Prodolzhayutsya nablyudeniya zvezd, obrashayushihsya vokrug central'noi sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyry v centre nashei Galaktiki. Sootvetstvenno, vozrastaet tochnot' opredeleniya massy dyry, rasstoyaniya do nee i t.d. Rasstoyanie ravno 8.4+/-0.4 kpk, a massa 4.5+/-0.4 millionov mass Solnca.


Vypusk 190. 09-21 iyulya 2008

arxiv:0807.2427 Obnaruzhenie vspyhivayushih struktur vblizi Sgr A* po nablyudeniyam na VLBI v (sub)millimetrovom diapazone (Detecting Flaring Structures in Sagittarius A* with (Sub)Millimeter VLBI)
Authors: Vincent L. Fish et al.
Comments: 4 pages PDF including 1 color figure, accepted for presentation at the XXIX URSI General Assembly

Izvestno, chto central'naya chernaya dyra nashei Galaktiki - Sgr A* - demonstriruet vspyshechnuyu aktivnost' v raznyh diapazonah. V stat'e avtory govoryat o vozmozhnosti obnaruzhenii struktur, nahodyashihsya sovsem blizko k gorizontu sobytii, po nablyudeniyam na submillimetrovyh volnah s pomosh'yu interferometrov s bol'shoi bazoi. Poka takie interferencionnye sistemy eshe ne zarabotali, no eto delo sovsem nedalekogo budushego.


Vypusk 189. 24 iyunya - 08 iyulya 2008

arxiv:0806.4088 Rentgenovskaya ikota Sgr A* po dannym XMM-Newton. Vtoraya po moshnosti vspyshka i eshe tri bolee skromnyh obnaruzheny za poldnya (X-ray hiccups from SgrA* observed by XMM-Newton. The second brightest flare and three moderate flares caught in half a day)
Authors: D. Porquet et al.
Comments: Accepted for publication in A&A, 9 pages, 6 figures (online material: 2 pages and 3 figures)

Pro chernuyu dyru v centre nashei Galaktiki - Sgr A* - chasto vspominayut, vot ei i ikaetsya.

Napomnyu, chto ot Sgr A* dovol'no chasto nablyudayut rentgenovskie i IK vspyshki. V etot raz ih prosto uvideli "mnogo i srazu", prichem odna edva ne postavila rekord po moshnosti.

Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve ru_astroph.
Obsudit' na Astroforume v Nauchnoi panorame.


Vypusk 188. 10-23 iyunya 2008

miniobzor arxiv:0806.2575 Chto Gaia rasskazhet nam o galakticheskom diske? (What will Gaia tell us about the Galactic disk?)
Authors: C.A.L. Bailer-Jones
Comments: Proceedings of IAU 254 "The Galaxy disk in a cosmological context", Copenhagen, June 2008, invited talk, 8 pages

Koroten'kii obzor, posvyashennyi budushemu astrometricheskomu sputniku Gaia i ozhidaemym rezul'tatam po svoistvam diska nashei Galaktiki. Yasno, chto poluchiv milliard tochnyh izmerenii polozhenii zvezd, sputnik sil'no prodvinet nashe ponimanie, tem ne menee interesno posmotret' detali.


Vypusk 183. 01-20 aprelya 2008

obzor arxiv:0804.0019 Zvezdnoe galo Galaktiki (The stellar halo of the Galaxy)
Authors: Amina Helmi
Comments: Astronomy & Astrophysics Reviews, in press. 46 pages, 16 figures. Full-resolution version available at this http URL

Izuchenie galo galaktik vazhno ne tol'ko samo po sebe, ved' galo nesut na sebe otpechatok istorii formirovaniya galaktiki. Znachit, izuchaya galo, my mozhem uznavat' chto-to novoe o tom, kak dannaya konkretnaya galaktika obrazovyvalas'.

V obzore opisyvayutsya nashi sovremennye znaniya o strukture, kinematike i himicheskom sostave zvezdnogo galo nashei Galaktiki. Sootvetsvenno, zatragivayutsya i voprosy interpretacii etih dannyh.

V poslednie gody blagodarya obzoram tipa SDSS udalos' uznat' mnogo novogo o strukture galo. Tam obnaruzheny raznoobraznye struktury, yavlyayushiesya rudimentami proshlyh pogloshenii galaktikoi karlikovyh sputnikov. Krome togo, razvivaetsya chislennoe modelirovaniya formirovaniya i evolyucii (vklyuchaya himicheskuyu) Galaktiki. Vse eto otrazheno v obzore.

obzor arxiv:0804.1492 Himicheskaya evolyuciya Mlechnogo puti i ego sputnikov (Chemical evolution of the Milky Way and its Satellites)
Authors: Francesca Matteucci
Comments: To appear on the Proceedings of the 37th Saas-Fee Advanced Course of the Swiss Society for Astrophysics and Astronomy, " The Origin of the Galaxy and the Local Group", eds. E. Grebel and B. Moore, 93 pages, 65 figures

Stat'ya predstavlyaet soboi summu lekcii, posvyashennyh himicheskoi evolyucii nashei Galaktiki i ee sputnikov. Eta tema vklyuchaet v sebya ochen' mnogo razlichnyh podtem: eto i zvezdnaya evolyuciya, i zvezdnaya dinamika, i final'nye stadii evolyucii zvezd. Eto delaet i tematiku, i sam obzor ochen' interesnymi, poskol'ku prihoditsya uvyazyvat' vmeste raznye oblasti issledovanii. Esli propuskat' nekotorye detali, to obzor daet vpechatlenie pochti o vsei astrofizike.


arxiv:0804.2482 Ocenivanie parametrov galakticheskoi modeli na vysokih shirotah po dannym SDSS (Estimation of galactic model parameters in high latitudes with SDSS)
Authors: S. Bilir, A. Cabrera-Lavers, S. Karaali, S. Ak, E. Yaz, L?pez-Corredoira
Comments: 18 pages, including 16 figures and 3 tables, accepted for publication in PASA

Avtory ispol'zuyut dannye SDSS dlya opredeleniya parametrov modeli galaktiki na raznyh galakticheskih shirotah v zavisimosti ot dolgoty.

Disk Galaktiki sil'no nerovnyi, poetomu naivno dumat', chto ego tolshina tochnee, tolshina razlichnyh ego komponent) ne zavisit ot azimutal'nogo ugla. Vot avtory i smotryat, kak izmenyayutsya parametry na raznyh dolgotah. Ne tol'ko disk nesimmetrichen, no i galo, i eto tozhe yavlyaetsya predmetom issledovaniya. Kogo interesuyut osnovnye chisla - oni est' uzhe v abstrakte stat'i. Vozmozhnye prichiny (galakticheskii bar, trehosnost' galo i tp.) summirovany v zaklyuchitel'nom abzace na str. 16.


Vypusk 178. 22-31 yanvarya 2008 goda

arxiv:0801.4294 Obzor oblasti galakticheskogo centra na neskol'kih dlinah voln na GBT (GBT Multiwavelength Survey of the Galactic Center Region)
Authors: C. J. Law et al.
Comments: Accepted to ApJS. 40 pages, 46 figures, 8 tables (emulate apj style)

Predstavleny rezul'taty radioobzora na volnah 3.5, 6. 20 i 90 santimetrov oblasti centra Galaktiki. Razmer oblasti 4 na 1 gradus. Obzor proveden na 100-metrovom Green Bank Telescope. Avtory pishut, chto na dlinah 3.5 i 6 santimetrov eto samyi glubokii obzor dannoi oblasti.


Vypusk 177. 10-21 yanvarya 2008 goda

arxiv:0801.2652 Rasstoyanie do centra Galaktiki po cefeidam populyacii II i zvezdam tipa RR Liry (The distance to the Galactic Centre based on Population-II Cepheids and RR Lyrae stars)
Authors: M.A.T. Groenewegen, A. Udalski, G. Bono
Comments: 8 pages, A&A accepted

V rasstoyanii do centra Galaktiki ostaetsya nekotoraya neopredelennost'. Est' rekomendovannoe Mezhdunarodnym astronomicheskim soyuzom znachenie 8.5 kpk. Est' storonniki "korotkoi shkaly". Soglasno etoi modeli rasstoyanie okazyvaetsya procentov na 10-20 men'she. Postoyanno poyavlyayutsya novye raboty, v kotoryh raznymi metodami ocenivaetsya eto rasstoyanie. Povodom dlya rassmatrivaemoi stat'i posluzhila rabota Eizenhauera s soavtorami. Oni geometricheskim metodom (nablyudaya vrashenie zvezd vokrug sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyry) poluchili znachenie 7.94+/-0.42 kpk. V predelah oshibok eto sovmestimo i so standartnym 8.5 kpk i s "korotkim" 7.5 kpk.

Novaya ocenka, sdelannaya na osnove monitoringa pul'siruyuzih zvezd, daet znachenie, prakticheski sovpadayushee s privedennym Eizenhauerom i dr.: 7. 94+/-0.37+/-0.26 kpk. Tak chto poka ne poluchaetsya povysit' tochnost'. Navernoe, stoit ispol'zovat' 8 kpk, uchityvaya neopredelennost' v pol-kiloparseka.


Vypusk 173. 20-30 noyabrya 2007

arxiv:0711.2932 Baza dannyh po galakticheskim sharovym skopleniyam (Galactic Globular Clusters Database: a progress report)
Authors: M. Castellani
Comments: 3 pages, proceedings of "XXI Century challenges for stellar evolution" (Cefalu', Italy), eds. S. Cassisi and M. Salaris, to be published in MemSAIt, 79, 2.

Kratko opisyvaetsya baza dannyh po sharovym skopleniyam. Sama baza dostupna tut http://www.mporzio.astro.it/~marco/gc/.

Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve ru_astroph.
Obsudit' na Astroforume v Nauchnoi panorame.


Vypusk 172. 01-19 noyabrya 2007

item arxiv:0711.0005 Absorbciya O VI v diske Galaktiki po nablyudeniyam sputnika FUSE (The Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer Survey of O VI Absorption in the Disk of the MilkyWay).
Authors: David V. Bowen et al.
Comments: ApJ S, 105 pages

Poskol'ku soderzhanie kisloroda v mezhzvezdnoi srede veliko, a dublet linii O VI 1032, 1037A udoben dlya nablyudenii v ul'trafioletovom diapazone, pyatikratno ionizovannyi kislorod OVI yavlyaetsya horoshim indikatorom raspredeleniya goryachego mezhzvezdnogo gaza s temperaturoi T= 3 x 105 K. Samyi prostoi sposob poiska absorbcionnyh linii OVI - eto monitoring goryachih zvezd rannih klassov O2-B3, yavlyayushihsya yarkimi ul'trafioletovymi istochnikami. Avtory raboty izuchili absorbcionnye spektry 148 zvezd, poluchennye s pomosh'yu sputnika FUSE. Po rezul'tatam izmerenii naideno, chto srednyaya koncentraciya atomov O VI v diske Galaktiki sostavlyaet poryadka n= 1-3 x 10-8 cm-3 i eksponencial'no ubyvaet s rasstoyaniem ot galakticheskoi ploskosti.


arxiv:0711.1572 Ogranicheniya po radionablyudeniyam na trehmernuyu model' izlucheniya Galaktiki (Radio observational constraints on Galactic 3D-emission models)
Authors: X. H. Sun, W. Reich, A. Waelkens, T. Enslin
Comments: 20 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in A&A

Ya by posovetoval vsem professional'nym astronomam hotya by beglo prosmotret' etu stat'yu. Na moi vzglyad, ona ochen' horoshaya vo mnogih smyslah.

Rech' idet o trehmernoi strukture magnitnogo polya i raspredeleniya elektronov i, sootvetstvenno, o sinhrotronnom izluchenii Galaktiki. Sravnenie s nablyudeniyami pozvolyaet proveryat' modeli, chto avtory i delayut. Sootvetstvenno, iz stat'i mozhno uznat' mnogo poleznogo o stroenii nashei zvezdnoi sistemy.

O mnogoparametricheskom opisanii zvezdnogo naseleniya mozhno pochitat' tut: Volume limited dependent Galactic model parameters.


Vypusk 170. 01-16 oktyabrya 2007

miniobzor arxiv:0710.3104 Baldzh Galaktiki: obzor (The Galactic Bulge: A Review)
Authors: Dante Minniti, Manuela Zoccali
Comments: 10 pages, 8 Postscript figures, uses iaus.cls To appear in Proceedings of IAU Symp. 245 on "Formation and Evolution of Galaxy Bulges", (held at Oxford, July 16-20 2007), Eds. Martin Bureau, Lia Athanassoula, and Beatriz Barbuy

Dana svodka dannyh po sfericheskoi sostavlyayushei nashei Galaktiki - baldzhu.


Vypusk 168. 11-18 sentyabrya 2007

arxiv:0709.1275 Avtomaticheskii poisk galakticheskih zvezdnyh skoplenii po dannym mnogocvetnyh obzorov: I. Obnaruzhenie 15 novyh rasseyannyh skoplenii v napravlenii anticentra Galaktiki (Automated search for galactic star clusters in large multiband surveys: I. Discovery of 15 new open clusters in the Galactic anticenter region)
Authors: E. V. Glushkova, S.E. Koposov, I.Yu. Zolotukhin
Comments: submitted to A&A

Seichas v astronomii zaicev mnogo, a ... issledovatelei malo. T.e., situaciya takova, chto est' ogromnoe kolichestvo horoshih dannyh, lezhashih v otkrytom dostupe, s kotorymi mozhno rabotat'. Naprimer, mozhno iskat' novye skopleniya. Dlya etogo nuzhno sozdat' horoshii soft - i vpered!

Avtory ispol'zuyut svoi metod poiska rasseyannyh skoplenii. Kak vidno, metod ves'ma effektiven. V kachestve illyustracii avtory proveli poisk skoplenii v napravlenii galakticheskogo anticentra po dannym obzora 2MASS. Naideno 15 novyh skoplenii.


item arxiv:0709.1926 Rasstoyaniya do galakticheskih HVC (Distances to Galactic high-velocity clouds. I. Cohen Stream, complex GCP, cloud g1)
Authors: B.P. Wakker, et al.
Comments: Accepted by ApJ

Horosho izvestno, chto galaktiki - otkrytye sistemami. Oni aktivno akkreciruyut gaz iz mezhgalakticheskoi sredy ( HVC, IVC ) i vymetayut sobstvennyi mezhzvezdnyi gaz posredstvom galakticheskogo vetra ("galakticheskie fontany" i t.d.). Analiz etih processov, stol' vazhnyh dlya ponimaniya dinamicheskoi i himicheskoi evolyucii galaktik, nevozmozhen bez nablyudenii. S etoi cel'yu na VLT nablyudalis' 24 udalennye zvezdy Galaktiki s izvestnymi rasstoyaniyami. Analiz mezhzvezdnoi absorbcii na luche zreniya v spektrah etih zvezd pozvolil ocenit' diapazon rasstoyanii do interesnyh chetyreh oblakov s massami poryadka M~ 10^5 solnechnyh mass. Okazalos', chto oblako " Cohen Stream" nahoditsya na rasstoyanii ot 5.0-11.7 kps i vmeste s oblakom " complex GCP" (rasstoyanie 9.8-15.1 kps) dvizhetsya v napravlenii Galaktiki. Oblaka zhe "Fountain in Perseus Arm" (rasstoyanie 1.0-2.7 kps) i "cloud g1" (1.8-3.8 kps) yavlyayutsya galakticheskimi fontanami.


Vypusk 167. 25 avgusta - 10 sentyabrya 2007

arxiv:0708.3819 Smeshenie linii, assimetriya linii i opredelenie otnosheniya izotopov 6Li/7Li (Line shift, line asymmetry, and the 6Li/7Li isotopic ratio determination)
Authors: Roger Cayrel, et al.
Comments: Accepted for publication on A&A Letters

Litii - sovershenno unikal'nyi himicheskii element, sostoyashii iz dvuh izotopov 6Li i 7Li. Sintez litiya proishodit tremya spososobami: srazu posle Bol'shogo Vzryva v processe pervichnogo nukleosinteza (tol'ko 7Li), v processe zvezdnoi evolyucii na stadii AGB - asimptoticheskoi vetvi gigantov (tol'ko 7Li) i pri vzaimodeistvii kosmicheskih luchei s atomami mezhzvezdnoi sredy (v osnovnom 6Li). Poskol'ku 6Li sinteziruetsya gorazdo pozzhe 7Li, otnoshenie izotopov litiya 6Li/7Li v staryh malometallichnyh zvezdah galo sluzhit odnim iz vazhnyh nablyudatel'nyh testov teorii pervichnogo nukleosinteza. Avtory dannoi stat'i (polovina iz nih - vsemirno izvestnye uchenye) dvumya razlichnymi sposobami izuchili soderzhanie izotopov litiya v atmosfere malometallichnoi zvezdy HD 74000, prinadlezhashei galo nashei Galaktiki. Rezul'taty etogo analiza, osnovannogo na novom metode razdeleniya blendirovannyh linii izotopov 6Li i 7Li, pokazali, chto dlya vseh ranee opublikovannyh rabot mozhno s bol'shoi uverennost'yu govorit' o sistematicheskoi pereocenke soderzhaniya izotopa 6Li. Po ocenke avtorov, soderzhanie 6Li v atmosfere zvezdy HD 74000 (metallichnost' [Fe/H]=- 2.0 dex) ne prevyshaet odnogo-dvuh procentov ot soderzhaniya izotopa 7Li. Esli rezul'tat podobnogo analiza budet podtverzhden dlya statisticheski znachimogo chisla malometallichnyh zvezd, ischeznet neobhodimost' poiska variantov sinteza 6Li na rannih etapah evolyucii Vselennoi i nablyudatel'noe ogranichenie teorii pervichnogo nukleosinteza budet nadezhno podtverzhdeno.


arxiv:0709.0029 Novye predel'no malometallichnye zvezdy v galo Galaktiki (New Extremely Metal-Poor Stars in the Galactic Halo)
Authors: Judith G. Cohen,et al.
Comments: Accepted to the ApJ

Avtorami predstavlen detal'nyi analiz spektrov vysokogo razresheniya novyh vos'mi zvezd galo nashei Galaktiki, imeyushih predel'no malye metallichnosti [Fe/H] < -3.5 dex. Pohozhe na to, chto pri ochen' malyh metallichnostyah stohastichnost' vzryvov sverhnovyh II i neeffektivnost' peremeshivaniya mezhzvezdnoi sredy okazyvayut sushestvennoe vliyanie na nablyudaemye otnositel'nye soderzhaniya himicheskih elementov v atmosferah etih zvezd. Dannye takogo roda yavlyayutsya vazhnym istochnikom informacii o nachal'nyh stadiyah evolyucii Galaktiki, a takzhe sluzhat testom dlya zvezdnoi teorii nukleosinteza.


arxiv:0709.0091 Gazovye techeniya v Galaktike (Gaseous Flows in Galaxies)
Authors: F. Combes
Comments: 10 pages, 6 figures, review paper in the Proceedings of the IAU Symposium 245, "Formation and Evolution of Galaxy Bulges", held at Oxford, U.K., July 2007

Obsuzhdaetsya vliyanie radial'nyh gazovyh techenii na dinamiku spiral'nyh galaktik. Rassmatrivaetsya ih vliyanie na processy, proishodyashiev central'nyh oblastyah galaktik.


arxiv:0709.0485 Rasstoyanie do tumannosti Oriona (The distance to the Orion Nebula)
Authors: K. M. Menten et al.
Comments: 13 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Astronomy & Astrophyiscs

S pomosh'yu VLBA izmeren trigonometricheskii parallaks dlya neskol'kih chlenov skopleniya v tumannosti Oriona. Rasstoyanie ravno 414+/-7 pk.


arxiv:0709.0750 Zakon poglosheniya i svoistva pyli v napravlenii Magellanovyh oblakov ( Reddening law and interstellar dust properties along Magellanic sight-lines)
Authors: Frederic Zagury
Comments: accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science. 16 pages, 12 figures.

Provedennyi avtorom analiz nablyudatel'nyh dannyh pokazal, chto zakony poglosheniya v nashei Galaktike, Bol'shom i Malom Magellanovom oblakah imeyut odinakovuyu prirodu i, sledovatel'no, net neobhodimosti v predpolozhenii o tom, chto svoistva pylevyh chastic v etih galaktikah sil'no otlichayutsya drug ot druga. S tochki zreniya avtora sovremennyi uroven' znaniya ne pozvolyaet vydelit' i opisat' takie razlichiya.


obzor arxiv:0709.0833 Vvedenie v himicheskuyu evolyuciyu Galaktiki (An Introduction to Galactic Chemical Evolution)
Authors: Nikos Prantzos
Comments: 46 pages, 25 figures, an introductory course to appear in "Stellar Nucleosynthesis: 50 years after B2FH", C. Charbonnel and J.P. Zahn (Eds.), EAS publications Series

Bol'shoi obzor vvodnogo haraktera po himicheskoi evolyucii Galaktiki.


Vypusk 166. 14-24 avgusta 2007

katalog arxiv:0708.3092 Obzor galakticheskoi ploskosti v observatorii Molonglo (MGPS-2): katalog kompaktnyh istochnikov (The Molonglo Galactic Plane Survey (MGPS-2): Compact Source Catalogue)
Authors: T. Murphy et al.
Comments: 12 pages, 9 figures, to be published in MNRAS

Predstavleny dannye vtoroi epohi obzora galakticheskoi ploskosti, provodimogo na chastote 843 MGc v observatorii Molonglo. Pokryta oblast' neba s galakticheskoi shirotoi do 10 gradusov, i dolgotoi ot 245 do 365 gradusov. V dannoi stat'e opisany rezul'taty, poluchennye po kompaktnym istochnikam. Voshlo 48 850 ob'ektov.


Vypusk 164. 20-31 iyulya 2007

arxiv:0707.4566 Evolyuciya Malogo Magellanova Oblaka (Evolution of the Small Magellanic Cloud)
Authors: Kenji Bekki
Comments: 4 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the proceedings of `Galaxies in the Local Volume'', Sydney, 8 to 13 July, 2007

Opisany rezul'taty chislennogo modelirovaniya evolyucii sputnika nashei Galaktiki na protyazhenii poslednih 2.5 milliardov let. Interesno, chto v modeli obnaruzhivaetsya perenos malometallichnogo gaza iz Malogo oblaka v Bol'shoe. Avtor svyazyvaet eto s nablyudaemymi v BMO malometallichnymi molodymi zvezdami.


Vypusk 160. 01-08 iyunya 2007

arxiv:0706.0516 Kinematika ul'traslabyh sputnikov Galaktiki: reshenie problemy nedostayushih sputnikov (The Kinematics of the Ultra-Faint Milky Way Satellites: Solving the Missing Satellite Problem)
Authors: Joshua D. Simon, Marla Geha
Comments: 21 pages, 15 figures (12 in color), 6 tables. Submitted to ApJ

Kak izvestno, sushestvuet t.n. "problema nedostayushih sputnikov". Chislennoe modelirovanie formirovaniya galaktik v modeli ierarhicheskogo skuchivaniya predskazyvaet, chto u nashei Galaktiki dolzhno byt' gorazdo bol'she slabyh sputnikov, chem nablyudaetsya. Problema dovol'no ser'eznaya, i aktivno obsuzhdaetsya. Takzhe izvestno, chto v poslednee vremya (vo mnogom blagodarya Sloanovskomu obzoru - SDSS) otkryvayut mnogo karlikovyh galaktikov - sputnikov Mlechnogo Puti. Avtory detal'no issleduyut vosem' nedavno otkrytyh sputnikov i pytayutsya ponyat', mozhno li tut kak-to reshit' problemu nehvatki karlikovyh galaktik.

Razumeetsya, novye otkrytiya sushestvenno smyagchayut problemu, no ne reshayut ee polnost'yu Sputnikov vse ravno ne hvataet, i nuzhny dopolnitel'nye predpolozheniya. Avtory pokazyvayut, chto naibolee effektivnoi budet gipoteza o tom, chto lish' dostatochno massivnye galo temnoi materii (a vse galaktiki, vklyuchaya i karlikovye sputniki, eto v osnovnom temnaya materiya, v ne obychnoe veshestvo) sposobny formirovt' zvezdy. Prichem, nabrat' etu kriticheskuyu massu nado bylo do epohi reionizacii. Esli eto udaetsya, to v nastoyashii moment my uvidim takoi ob'ekt kak galaktiku, esli zhe net, to budet lish' temnoe galo, uskol'zayushee ot nashih nablyudenii.


Vypusk 159. 22-31 maya 2007

obzor arxiv:0705.4175 Magnitnye polya v nashei Galaktike na malyh i bol'shih masshtabah (Magnetic fields of our Galaxy on large and small scales)
Authors: Jinlin Han
Comments: 9 pages. Invited Talk at IAU Symp.242, 'Astrophysical Masers and their Environments', Proceedings edited by J. M. Chapman & W. A. Baan

Obzor po magnitnym polyam v nashei Galaktike na masshtabah ot astronomicheskoi edinicy do kiloparsekov.

Issledovanie magnitnyh polei v galaktike NGC 6946 mozhno naiti v stat'e arxiv:0705.4163. O polyah giganstkih spiral'nyh galaktik v skoplenii Devy mozhno pochitat' tut arxiv:0705.4586.


Vypusk 157. 01-11 maya 2007

arxiv:0705.1170 Stolknovenie mezhdu Mlechnym putem i Andromedoi (The Collision Between The Milky Way And Andromeda)
Authors: T.J. Cox, Abraham Loeb
Comments: submitted to MNRAS

Kak izvestno, nasha Galaktika i galaktika M31 seichas sblizhayutsya. T.e., v budushem budut proishodit' stolknoveniya. Avtory s pomosh'yu chislennoi modeli rassmatrivayut, chto pri etom budet proishodit'. Osobo obsuzhdayutsya razlichnye varianty sud'by nashego Solnca.


arxiv:0705.1378 Para v Volopase: Novyi sputnik Galaktiki (A Pair of Bootes: A New Milky Way Satellite)
Authors: S.M. Walsh, H. Jerjen, B. Willman
Comments: Accept by ApJL May 9, 2007

Zagolovok soderzhit zabavnuyu igru slov, kotoruyu ya ne mogu peredat' v perevode. A sut' stat'i prosta: avtory otkryli eshe odin karlikovyi sputnik Galaktiki pryamo ryadom s nedavno obnaruzhennym.


Vypusk 154. 01-12 aprelya 2007

obzor arxiv:0704.0770 Himicheskaya evolyuciya (Chemical Evolution)
Authors: Francesca Matteucci
Comments: 56 pages, Lectures delivered at the XVIII Canarie Winter School on "Emission Lines Universe"

Ochen' detal'naya lekciya po himicheskoi evolyucii. Termin "himicheskaya evolyuciya" primenim, razumeetsya, v pervuyu ochered' ili k mezhzvezdnoi, ili k mezhgalakticheskoi srede. Vse eto v obzore est'. Est' tam eshe i opisanie razlichnyh processov, opredelyayushih etu evolyuciya. T.o., avtoru prihoditsya govorit' edva li ne o polovine vsei astrofiziki!


miniobzor arxiv:0704.1281 Galakticheskii centr (The Galactic Center)
Authors: R. Genzel, V. Karas
Comments: 8 pages, Write up of the talk at IAU Symposium No. 238 (21-25 August 2006, Prague), to appear in Proceedings of "Black Holes: from Stars to Galaxies" (Cambridge University Press), p. 173

Nebol'shoi obzor, v kotorom sobrany osnovnye svedeniya po astrofizike samogo serdca nashei Galaktiki.

Perechislyayutsya osnovnye nablyudatel'nye fakty, ih interpretacii i nereshennye problemy (k poslednim, naprimer, otnositsya vopros ob obrazovanii massivnyh zvezd v neposredstvennoi okrestnosti sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyry).

Mnogo horoshih illyustracii.


Vypusk 149. 01-14 fevralya 2007

miniobzor astro-ph/0702350 Antiveshestvo v Mlechnom Puti (Antimatter in the Milky Way)
Authors: C. Bambi, A.D. Dolgov
Comments: 12 pages, no figures

Avtory rassmatrivayut vozmozhnye nablyudatel'nye proyavleniya ob'ektov iz antiveshestva v nashei Galaktike.

Yasno, chto kogda my govorim ob otsutstvii antiveshestva, my imeem vvidu, chto ego "men'she, chem nekotoroe kolichestvo, kotoroe uzhe zametili by". Zametili by, veroyatnee vsego, po gamma-izlucheniyu, voznikayushemu v rezul'tate annigilyacii. Tak chto, kak eto chasto byvaet, my "nikogda ne govorim nikogda", a prosto stavim verhnie predely.

S nablyudatel'noi tochki zreniya situaciya seichas horoshaya: est' ser'eznye gamma-teleskopy, v samom skorom vremeni poletyat gamma-observatorii GLAST i AGILE, seichas na orbite rabotaet eksperiment PAMELA, prednaznachennyi dlya poiska antiyader, skoro dolzhen byt' zapushen AMS. AMS - eto eshe bolee krupnyi, chem PAMELA magnitnyi spektrometr, kotoryi dolzhny ustanovit' na MKS. No, poskol'ku ves' grafik MKS sbilsya, vvod v stroi AMS vse vremya otkladyvaetsya. T.o., v blizhaishem budushem mozhno ozhidat' kakih-to otkrytii, ili, skoree vsego, eshe bolee zhestkih predelov.

Rezyume avtorov, estestvenno, ne soderzhit nikakih zhestkih utverzhdenii. V Galaktike est' mesto dlya nekotorogo kolichestva ob'ektov iz antiveshestva. Odnako poka nikakih sil'nyh argumentov v pol'zu ih sushestvovaniya net, a nablyudeniya dayut vse bolee strogie verhnie predely.

Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve ru_astroph.
Obsudit' na Astroforume v Nauchnoi panorame.



Vypusk 148. 13-31 yanvarya 2007

astro-ph/0701488 Pervaya pryamaya registraciya gravitacionnoi mikrolinzy v napravlenii galakticheskogo baldzha (The first direct detection of a gravitational microlens toward the Galactic bulge)
Authors: S. Kozlowski et al.
Comments: 6 pages, 5 figures; submitted to ApJ

Obychno, kogda nablyudayut effekt mikrolinzirovaniya, to ob'ekt-linza ostaetsya neizvestnym. Chto-to temnoe i massivnoe proletelo mezhdu nami i istochnikom - i vse. Redko-redko udaetsya potom rassmotret' samu linzu. Vot vpervye razglyadeli zvezdochku, vyzvavshuyu sobytie MACHO-95-BLG-37. Ei okazalas' zvezda tipa Solnca (chut' men'she i holodnee, spektral'nyi klass K2) s massoi okolo 0.6 solnechnyh na rasstoyanii 3.5 kpk ot nas.


Vypusk 147. 22 dekabrya 2006-12 yanvarya 2007

astro-ph/0701154 Obnaruzhenie neobychnoi karlikovoi galaktiki na zadvorkah Mlechnogo Puti (Discovery of an Unusual Dwarf Galaxy in the Outskirts of the Milky Way)
Authors: M.J. Irwin et al.
Comments: Ap J (Letters) in press

Otkryt eshe odin neobychnyi sputnik nashei Galaktiki. Novaya karlikovaya galaktika byla obnaruzhena s Sloanovskom cifrovom obzore neba. Rasstoyanie do nee okolo 420 kpk. Neobychnost' sostoit v tom, chto v nei est' populchciya molodyh zvezd, a takzhe vodorod. T.o., Leo T (takoe oboznachenie poluchil novyi sputnik Mlechnogo Puti) yavlyaetsya samoi "dohloi" galaktikoi s nedavnim zvezdoobrazovaniem. Obnaruzhenie takogo ob'ekta, po vsei vidimosti, pomogaet zapolnit' nekotorye dyry v klassifikacii galaktik.


Vypusk 145. 11-30 noyabrya 2006

astro-ph/0611524 Ogranichenie na chislo kompaktnyh ob'ektov okolo Sgr A* (Constraining the number of compact remnants near Sgr A*)
Authors: Patrick Deegan, Sergei Nayakshin
Comments: 9 pages, 3 Postscript figures

V okrestnosti central'noi chernoi dyry v nashei Galaktike dolzhny byt' dovol'no mnogo (tysyachi, desyatki tysyach) odinochnyh neitronnyh zvezd i chernyh dyr. Oni popadayut v etu oblast' blagodarya dinamicheskomu treniyu. Takie odinochnye kompaktnye ob'ekty mogut akkrecirovat' mezhzvezdnyi gaz i, t.o., proyavlyat' sebya v rentgenovskom diapazone. Avtory issleduyut vopros o tom, kakie ogranicheniya mozhno sdelat' na chislo chernyh dyr i neitronnyh zvezd v centre Galaktiki, ishodya iz dannyh rentgenovskih nablyudenii.


Vypusk 143. 18-31 oktyabrya 2006

miniobzor astro-ph/0610676 Galakticheskaya istoriya: obrazovanie i evolyuciya (Galactic History: Formation and Evolution)
Authors: Joss Bland-Hawthorn, Ken Freeman
Comments: Invited Talk, 8 pages, 1 figure, Joint Discussion 13, IAU General Assembly XXVI, Prague

Stat'ya posvyashena zvezdnym obzoram. V nih soderzhitsya informaciya o cvetah, skorostyah i drugih parametrah millionov zvezd. Eto pozvolyaet "po zvezdam" chitat' istoriyu nashei Galaktiki. Naprimer, v etom godu ya ne raz pisal o rabotah, po vyyavleniyu novyh zvezdnyh potokov, svyazannyh s poglosheniem Galaktikoi kakogo-nibud' sputnika, ili o novyh sputnikah Mlechnogo puti. Vse eti raboty osnovyvayutsya na ogromnyh massivah dannyh (naprimer, na Sloanovskom cifrovom obzore neba). Poetomu "nudnaya" rabota po sostavleniyu katalogov i t.p. nabrov dannyh ochen' vazhna, k tomu zhe v 21 veke ona sovsem ne takaya skuchnaya kak v 19-m!


astro-ph/0610769 Trehmernoe raspredelenie mezhzvezdnoi sredy v Galaktike: II. Molekulyarnyi gazovyi disk (Three-Dimensional Distribution of the ISM in the Milky Way Galaxy: II. The Molecular Gas Disk)
Authors: Hiroyuki Nakanishi, Yoshiaki Sofue
Comments: 19 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables

Po radionablyudeniyam postroena trehmernaya karta raspredeleniya molekulyarnogo gaza v Galaktike. Horosho vidny spiral'nye rukava. Zametno takzhe, gde maksimumy v raspredelenii gaza lezhat ne v ploskosti Galaktiki.

Krasivo!


Vypusk 142. 01-18 oktyabrya 2006

obzor astro-ph/0610246 Otdel'nye osobennosti Galakticheskoi dinamiki (Special features of Galactic dynamics)
Authors: Christos Efthymiopoulos et al.
Comments: 96 pages, 37 figures

Bol'shoi tekst, predstavlyayushii soboi lekcii po "otdel'nym glavam Galakticheskoi dinamiki".


Vypusk 139. 01-31 avgusta 2006

astro-ph/0608448 Koshki i sobaki, Volos i Geroi: kvintet novyh sputnikov Mlechnogo Puti (Cats and Dogs, Hair and A Hero: A Quintet of New Milky Way Companions)
Authors: V. Belokurov et al.
Comments: 10 pages, 8 figures, submitted to the Astrophysical Journal

Moi perevod zagolovka ne ideal'no peredaet duh originala, tem ne menee, iz vtoroi ego chasti sut' ochevidna: obnaruzheno pyat' novyh sputnikov nashei Galaktiki. Eto karlikovye galaktiki, vyyavlennye po dannym Sloanovskogo cifrovogo obzora neba. Chislo novyh sputnikov, otkrytyh za poslednie dva goda, t.o. udvoilos'.


Vypusk 138. 01-31 iyulya 2006

astro-ph/0607638 Raspredelenie mezhzvezdnoi sredy v Mlechnom Puti. Trehmernaya krupnomasshtabnaya model' (The distribution of the ISM in the Milky Way A three-dimensional large-scale model)
Authors: A. Misiriotis et al.
Comments: 14 Pages, 10 figures

Po dannym nablyudenii v mikronnom diapazone na COBE/DIRBE avtory stroyat trehmernuyu kartinu raspredeleniya gaza i zvezd v Galaktike. Krome togo, polucheny ocenki raspredeleniya tempa zvezdoobrazovaniya po radiusu.


Vypusk 137. 16 iyunya - 30 iyunya 2006

miniobzor astro-ph/0606414 Nablyudeniya galakticheskogo centra na Chandre: vysokoenergichnye processy v sekundnom razreshenii (Chandra Observations of Galactic Center: High Energy Processes at Arcsecond Resolution)
Authors: Q. Daniel Wang
Comments: 10 pages, an invited talk presented in the GC2006 workshop

Prakticheski vse rentgenovskie teleskopy pomnogu nablyudayut oblast' vblizi galakticheskogo centra. Imeetsya vvidu ne tol'ko (i ne stol'ko) sam Sgr A*, a oblast' razmerom v neskol'ko kvadratnyh gradusov. Chandra - ne isklyuchenie. 2 milliona sekund bylo potracheno na nablyudeniya ob'ektov v oblasti centra Galaktiki. Obnaruzheno okolo 4000 istochnikov.

V stat'e daetsya obzor osnovnyh rezul'tatov etih nablyudenii.


Vypusk 135. 22 aprelya - 31 maya 2006

astro-ph/0605025 Pole potokov: Strelec i ego rodnye brat'ya (The Field of Streams: Sagittarius and its Siblings)
Authors: V. Belokurov et al.
Comments: Astrophys.J. 642 (2006) L137

Ob eto i sleduyushei rabote uzhe nemalo napisano, poetomu ogranichus' ssylkami:
http://grani.ru/Society/Science/m.105497.html
http://gazeta.ru/science/2006/04/18_a_590273.shtml


astro-ph/0605026 Forma galo Mlechnogo Puti (The Shape of the Milky Way Halo)
Authors: M. Fellhauer et al.
Comments: ApJ (Letters), submitted

Dobavlyu, chto dannye o forme galo vazhny, kak eto ne stranno, i dlya fiziki elementarnyh chastic. Delo v tom, chto ryad avtorov pytaetsya ob'yasnit' izbytok gamma-luchei, nablyudavshiisya priborom EGRET, kak izluchenie temnoi materii v galo nashei galaktiki. Izluchenie voznikaet blagodarya raspadu chastic temnoi materii. Novye dannye o forme galo dolzhny pomoch' utochnit' modeli gamma-izlucheniya. T.o., vozmozhno, mozhno budet poluchit' dannye o supersimmetrii ne iz uskoritel'nyh eksperimentov, a iz astrofizicheskih dannyh.


obzor astro-ph/0605212 Izuchenie obrazovaniya i evolyucii Galaktiki (Understanding Galaxy Formation and Evolution)
Authors: V. Avila-Reese
Comments: 50 pages, 10 low-resolution figures. Lectures given at the IV Mexican School of Astrophysics, July 18-25, 2005 (submitted to the Editors on March 15, 2006)

V obzore podrobno (i ponyatno) rassmotren process formirovaniya galaktik.


astro-ph/0605420 Zhestkoe rengenovskoe izluchenie ot galakticheskogo ridzha (Hard X-ray emission from the Galactic ridge)
Authors: R. Krivonos et al.
Comments: 13 pages, 19 figures, submitted to Astronomy and Astrophysics

Privodyatsya dannye observatorii INTEGRAL. Kto eshe ne uspel uznat', chto takoe galactic ridge - chitaite i privykaite k novomu (otnositel'no) terminu.


Vypusk 134. 12-21 aprelya 2006

astro-ph/0604337 Periodicheskie modulyacii v rentgenovskoi vspyshke Sagittarius A* (Periodic Modulations in an X-ray Flare from Sagittarius A*)
Authors: Guillaume Belanger et al.
Comments: 4 pages, 6 figures, submitted to ApJL

Po rezul'tatam rentgenovskih nablyudenii na XMM-Newton avtoram udalos' zaregistrirovat' kvaziperiodicheskuyu modulyaciyu signala vo vremya rentgenovskoi vspyshki istochnika Sagittarius A* - sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyry v centre nashei Galaktiki.

Harakternyi period sostavlyaet okolo 22 minut. Sama vspyshka prodolzhalas' okolo 3 chasov. T.o. za vse vremya nablyudenii proshlo ne tak uzh mnogo ciklov. V takoi situacii opredelit' periodichnost' modulyacii neprosto, i avtoram prishlos' razvit' nekotoruyu special'nuyu metodiku.

Esli verna samaya prostaya interpretaciya nablyudaemoi modulyacii, svyazannaya s vrasheniem na poslednei ustoichivoi orbite, to pri masse chernoi dyry 3.5 milliona solnechnyh, ee parametr vrasheniya raven a=0.22.


astro-ph/0604354 Novyi karlikovyi sputnik Galaktiki v Gonchih psah (A New Milky Way Dwarf Satellite in Canes Venatici)
Authors:D. B. Zucker et al.
Comments: 4 pages, 4 figures; submitted to ApJ Letters
astro-ph/0604355 Novyi karlikovyi sputnik Galaktiki v Volopase (A New Milky Way Dwarf Satellite in Bootes)
Authors: V. Belokurov et al.
Comments: Submitted to ApJ (Letters)

Po rezul'tatam analiza dannyh Sloanovskogo cifrovogo obzora neba otkryto dva novyh sputnika Mlechnogo Puti. Rasstoyanie do karlika v sozvezdii Gonchih psov sostavlyaet okolo 220 kpk, a do karlika v Volopase - okolo 60 kpk. Poslednii imeet absolyutnuyu zvezdnuyu velichinu -5.7, chto delaet ego samym slabym iz izvestnyh galakticheskih sputnikov.

Podrobnuyu stat'yu Artema Tuncova mozhno naiti v nedavno otkryvshemsya razdele "Nauka" na Gazete.Ru.


astro-ph/0604427 Trehmernoe modelirovanie galakticheskogo mezhzvezdnogo poglosheniya (Modelling the Galactic Interstellar Extinction Distribution in Three Dimensions)
Authors: D.J. Marshall, A.C. Robin, C. Reyle, M. Schultheis, S. Picaud
Comments: 20 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in A&A.

S pomosh'yu t.n. 2-mikronnogo obzora neba (2MASS) avtory vosstanavlivayut trehmernoe raspredelenie mezhzvezdnogo poglosheniya v nashei Galaktike.


Vypusk 126. 21-31 yanvarya 2006

astro-ph/0601580 Udachnyi celevoi poisk giperbystryh zvezd (A Successful Targeted Search for Hypervelocity Stars)
Authors: Warren R. Brown, Margaret J. Geller, Scott J.Kenyon, Michael J. Kurtz
Comments: 5 pages, submitted to ApJ Letters

V nachale napomnyu, chto v poslednie gody udalos' otkryt' neskol'ko zvezd, kotorye, blagodarya svoim skorostyam, sumeli zabrat'sya na bol'shie (desyatki kpk) rasstoyaniya ot centra Galaktiki. Prichem daleko oni uleteli i ot galakticheskogo diska. Kak oni priobretayut takie skorosti? Naibolee veroyatno, chto eto byla forma "gravitacionnogo manevra" v pole nashei sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyry.

Avtory stat'i proveli special'nyi poisk takih zvezd, i obnaruzhili eshe paru. Obe zvezdy imeyut skorosti okolo 600 km/s. Rasstoyanie odnoi ot centra sostavlyaet okolo 55 kpk, a vtoroi - azh 75 kpk. Vse eto massivnye zvezdy (spektral'nyi klass V). Oni byli vybrosheny iz centra Galaktiki okolo 100 millionov let nazad.


astro-ph/0601627 Katalog rentgenovskih istochnikov v central'nyh 150 pk Galaktiki po dannym Chandra (A Chandra Catalog of X-ray Sources in the Central 150 pc of the Galaxy)
Authors: Muno et al.
Comments: 16 pages, incl. 9 figures, 3 in color. Submitted to ApJ.

Predstavleny rezul'taty nablyudenii sputnikom Chandra central'noi chasti nashei Galaktiki. Itogovyi katalog vklyuchaet v sebya pochti 2000 istochnikov. Razumeetsya, ne vse oni lezhat v diske s radiusom v 150 pk: chast' istochnikov popala v katalog iz-za effekta proekcii. 1352 istochnika imeyut bol'shoe pogloshenie (t.e. ih svet sushestvenno oslablen mezhzvezdnoi sredoi), i podavlyayushee bol'shinstvo iz nih dolzhny v samom dele lezhat' v oblasti centra Galaktiki. Eshe 549 istochnikov imeyut men'shee pogloshenie, sootvetstvenno, oni lezhat mezhdu nami i centrom Galaktiki.


Mozaika oblasti nablyudenii. Uglovoi razmer 2 na 0.8 gradusa; odin gradus na rasstoyanii galakticheskogo centra sootvetstvuet primerno 150 pk.

Avtory polagayut, chto pochti 90 procentov vseh zaregistrirovannyh istochnikov yavlyayutsya kataklizmicheskimi peremennymi (eto dvoinye sistemy, v kotoryh akkreciya idet na belyi karlik). Ostal'nye 10 procentov eto akkreciruyushie neitronnye zvezdy i chernye dyry, molodye neitronnye zvezdy, a takzhe massivnye zvezdy v dvoinyh sistemah, gde est' stolknoveniya zvezdnyh vetrov.

Avtory nadeyutsya, chto k koncu goda katalog mozhet byt' sushestvenno dopolnen i uluchshen, t.k. zaplanirovany novye glubokie nablyudeniya oblasti centra Galaktiki na Chandre.


Vypusk 125. 18-20 yanvarya 2006

astro-ph/0601357 Izmerenie mer vrasheniya pul'sarov i krupnomasshtabnaya struktura galakticheskogo magnitnogo polya (Pulsar rotation measures and the large-scale structure of Galactic magnetic field)
Authors: J.L. Han et al.
Comments: ApJ accepted. 16 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables, 223 pulsar RMs

Po dannym o mere vrasheniya pul'sarov (eto ne nechto, svyazannoe s vrasheniem samih neitronnyh zvezd, eta velichina pokazyvaet kak izmenilas' orientaciya ploskosti polyarizacii izluchennoi pul'sarov elektromagnitnoi volny po mere ee rasprostraneniya ot istochnika k priemniku) mozhno izuchat' strukturu magnitnogo polya Galaktiki. Avtory na osnove izmereniya mer vrasheniya dlya 223 radiopul'srov poluchayut kartinu global'nogo magnitnogo polya nashei zvezdnoi sistemy.


Na risunke pokazano napravlenie magnitnogo polya v Galaktike po dannym o mere vrasheniya pul'sarov.


Vypusk 125. 18-20 yanvarya 2006

astro-ph/0601357 Izmerenie mer vrasheniya pul'sarov i krupnomasshtabnaya struktura galakticheskogo magnitnogo polya (Pulsar rotation measures and the large-scale structure of Galactic magnetic field)
Authors: J.L. Han et al.
Comments: ApJ accepted. 16 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables, 223 pulsar RMs

Po dannym o mere vrasheniya pul'sarov (eto ne nechto, svyazannoe s vrasheniem samih neitronnyh zvezd, eta velichina pokazyvaet kak izmenilas' orientaciya ploskosti polyarizacii izluchennoi pul'sarov elektromagnitnoi volny po mere ee rasprostraneniya ot istochnika k priemniku) mozhno izuchat' strukturu magnitnogo polya Galaktiki. Avtory na osnove izmereniya mer vrasheniya dlya 223 radiopul'srov poluchayut kartinu global'nogo magnitnogo polya nashei zvezdnoi sistemy.


Na risunke pokazano napravlenie magnitnogo polya v Galaktike po dannym o mere vrasheniya pul'sarov.


Vypusk 122. 11-23 dekabrya 2005

astro-ph/0512515 Razmer v 1 a.e. dlya radioistochnika Sgr A* v centre nashei Galaktiki (A size of ~1 AU for the radio source Sgr A* at the centre of the Milky Way)
Authors: Zhi-Qiang Shen, K. Y. Lo, M.-C. Liang, Paul T. P. Ho, J.-H. Zhao
Comments: 18 pages, 4 figures; Nature, 438(2005)62

Etot rezul'tat poluchil bol'shoi rezonans v novostyah, poetomu upominaem o nem. Hotya, nichego supernovogo po suti ne otkryto.

Avtoram udalos' sdelat' vazhnuyu, no dostatochno tehnicheskuyu vesh'. Oni vdvoe smogli uluchshit' predel na razmer istochnika v centre nashei Galaktiki. Dostignutoi znachenie v 1 a.e. pozvolyaet s bol'shei uverennost'yu govorit' ob interpretacii istochnika kak sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyry.


Vypusk 119. 29 oktyabrya - 11 noyabrya 2005

miniobzor astro-ph/0511221 Centr Galaktiki na vysokih energiyah (The Galactic Center at High Energies)
Authors: A. Goldwurm
Comments: 12 pages, 8 figures. Proceedings of the Cerenkov 2005 Conference "Towards a Network of Atmospheric Cherenkov Detectors VII", 27-29 April 2005, Palaiseau, France

Daetsya obzor poslednih rezul'tatov po nablyudeniyam galakticheskogo centra na vysokih energiyah (rentgen, gamma). Razumeetsya, vo mnogom eto rezul'taty sputnika INTEGRAL.

Ob odnom rezul'tate, poluchennom na INTEGRALE, mozhno takzhe podrobno prochest' zdes'.


Vypusk 117. 01-17 oktyabrya 2005

obzor astro-ph/0510025 Populyacii zvezd v Galaktike (Galactic Stellar Populations)
Authors: Rosemary F.G. Wyse, Gerard Gilmore
Comments: 19 pages, invited review at the Cozumel/Cancun conference on Resolved Stellar Populations, April 2005. ASP Conference proceedings, eds D. Valls-Gabaud and M. Chavez

Obsuzhdaetsya, kak po nablyudeniyam zvezd mozhno vosstanovit' istoriyu Mlechnogo Puti, vklyuchaya epizody poglosheniya galaktik-sputnikov.


Vypusk 114. 08-29 avgusta 2005

astro-ph/0508264 Novaya registraciya v radiodiapazone vspyhivayushego istochnika GCRT J1745-3009 (A New Radio Detection of the Bursting Source GCRT J1745-3009)
Authors: Scott D. Hyman et al.
Comments: 16 pages including 4 figures. Submitted to The Astrophysical Journal

Ranee ya uzhe rasskazyval ob otkrytii udivitel'nogo istochnika GCRT J1745-3009. V novoi stat'e avtory opisyvayut registraciyu etogo zagadochnogo ob'ekta v radiodiapazone v 2003 godu.

V 2003 g. istochnik byl v neskol'ko raz slabee, chem v 2002 g. Po vsei vidimosti v 2003 byl zaregistrirovan vsego odin vsplesk. Priroda istochnika po-prezhnemu ostaetsya neponyatoi.


Vypusk 112. 22-31 iyulya 2005

astro-ph/0507655 Smeshenie Solnca ot galakticheskoi ploskosti po dannym spektroskopicheskih parallaksov 2400 OV zvezd (The Sun's displacement from the galactic plane from spectroscopic parallaxes of 2400 OB stars)
Authors: B. Cameron Reed
Comments: Submitted to JRASC

Izvestno, chto Solnce nahoditsya ne tochno v ploskosti Mlechnogo Puti. Tochnoe znachenie etogo nebol'shogo smesheniya predstavlyaet bol'shoi interes, t.k. ispol'zuetsya dlya samyh raznyh rabot.

Avtor utochnyaet znachenie etoi vazhnoi velichiny, ispol'zuya dannye po 2397 massivnym zvezdam v 1.2 kpk ot nas, rasstoyaniya do kotoryh opredeleny po spektram. Poluchennoe znachenie - 19.5 +/- 2.2 pk - nahoditsya v horoshem soglasii s bolee rannimi ocenkami.


Vypusk 108. 20-31 maya 2005

astro-ph/0505428 Nekotoraya statistika galakticheskih ostatkov sverhnovyh (Some statistics of Galactic SNRs)
Authors: D. A. Green
Comments: 8 pages, 5 figures; proceedings of a workshop on Stellar End Product, to appear in MmSAI (expected to be 2006, volume 77, number 1)

Katalog Grina - osnovnoi "spisok" galakticheskih ostatkov sverhnovyh. Razumeetsya, na osnove etogo kataloga raznymi avtorami provoditsya mnozhestvo statisticheskih issledovanii. V chastnosti, uchenye pytayutsya ponyat', kak mozhno po nablyudaemym svoistvam ostatka ocenit' rasstoyanie do nego (eto ser'eznaya problema, t.k. pryamyh metodov opredeleniya rasstoyanii do ostatkov nemnogo). V dannoi stat'e sam Grin demonstriruet nalichie nekotoryh effektov selekcii, kotorye neobhodimo uchityvat' pri rabote s dannymi po ostatkam sverhnovyh.


Vypusk 106. 01-10 maya 2005

astro-ph/0505019 109 novyh galakticheskih rasseyannyh skoplenii (109 new Galactic open clusters)
Authors: N.V. Kharchenko et al.
Comments: Fig.2 and Fig.3 available as 1013_ASCC_13.jpg and ncomp.jpg, respectively. In fact, during this search of new clusters in the catalogue ASCC-2.5, we discovered 130 clusters. It turned out that 21 of them are listed in the online list DLAM as private communications. We stress the point that this paper is the first presentation of these 21 clusters in a refereed publication. Accepted for publication in A&A

Privedeny dannye po sta s lishnim novym (t.e. tol'ko otkrytym) galakticheskim rasseyannym skopleniyam. Rezul'taty osnovany na obzore ASCC-2.5 (2.5 oznachaet 2.5 milliona zvezd).


Vypusk 105. 21-30 aprelya 2005

obzor astro-ph/0504435 Galakticheskie vetra (Galactic Winds)
Authors: S. Veilleux et al.
Comments: 53 pages, 6 figures in jpg format, to be published in 2005 Annual Review of Astronomy & Astrophysics

Galakticheskie vetra - eto krupnomasshtabnye dvizheniya gaza v galaktikah. Svyazany oni v osnovnom so zvezdoobrazovaniem: so sverhnovymi ili moshnym zvezdnym vetrom. Chast' vetrov mozhet takzhe porozhdat'sya aktivnost'yu galakticheskih yader.

Yarkim primerom galaktiki s moshnymi vetrami yavlyaetsya M82 - t.n. "vzryvayushayasya galaktika". Na samom dele, nikakogo edinichnogo vzryva net, a est' prosto ochen' vysokii temp formirovaniya zvezd. V poslednie gody stalo vozmozhnym nablyudat' s horoshim razresheniem galaktiki na bol'shih krasnyh smesheniyah. Tam v srednem temp zvezdoobrazovaniya vyshe - sootvetstvenno, sil'nee vetra.

Vetra vazhny ne tol'ko sami po sebe, no i kak mehanizm peremeshivaniya himicheskih elementov vnutri galaktik, a takzhe kak mehanizm vybrosa elementov v mezhgalakticheskuyu sredu. Tema eta ne samaya obsuzhdaemaya v populyarnoi literature, tak chto horoshii ponyatnyi obzor budet kak nel'zya k stati.


Vypusk 102. 21-31 marta 2005

astro-ph/0503400 Sputniki Mlechnogo Puti: bol'shoi blin (The Satelittes of the Milky Way: The Great Pancake)
Authors: Noam I Libeskind et al.
Comments: 7 pages, 5 figures. Submitted to MNRAS

Nauka dvizhetsya vpered.
S odnoi storony rastet tochnost' raschetov formirovaniya galaktik (i krupnomasshtabnoi struktury): nachav s masshtabov v sotni Mpk, avtory programm dobralis' uzhe do masshtaba nashei galaktiki. Sootvetstvenno, v poslednie gody neskol'ko grupp astrofizikov zanimayutsya raschetami obrazovaniya Mlechnogo Puti i ego sputnikov. Zdes' voznikla interesnaya problema. Raschety predskazyvali slishkom mnogo sputnikov (bol'she, chem nablyudaetsya).

S drugoi storony, nablyudeniya tozhe ne stoyat na meste. Postoyanno otkryvayutsya novye karlikovye galaktiki v neposredstvennoi blizosti ot nas. Krome togo, nedavno byla otkryta "temnaya galaktika" - sostoyashaya iz gaza, plotnost' kotorogo okazalas' nedostatochna dlya massovogo obrazovaniya zvezd.

V dannoi stat'e obsuzhdaetsya sleduyushii interesnyi aspekt problemy sputnikov Mlechnogo Puti. Okazyvaetsya, chto oni raspredeleny ne sfericheski-simmetrichno, a obrazuyut dovol'no-taki ploskuyu strukturu (sm. risunok vnizu).



Na risunkah pokazano polozhenie sputnikov Mlechnogo Puti (risunki vzyaty s saita www.astro.uu.se/~ns/). Odnako ploskaya struktura luchshe vydelyaetsya na sleduyushem risunke.

Risunok iz stat'i astro-ph/0410421. Zdes' special'no vybrana proekciya, yasno demonstriruyushaya, chto sputniki nashei Galaktiki lezhat prakticheski v odnoi ploskosti.

Libeskind i ego soavtory iz Velikobritanii, Kanady i Avstralii proveli chislennoe modelirovanie metodom mnogih tel (N-body) s cel'yu izucheniya prostranstvennogo raspredeleniya sputnikov galaktiki, podobnoi nashei. Rezul'taty pokazany na risunke.


Dostatochno ochevidno, chto sputniki i v samom dele obrazuyut dovol'no ploskuyu strukturu. Delo tut vot v chem. Sputniki otslezhivayut ne prosto raspredelenie temnoi materii (vse raschety provodilis' v ramkah CDM modeli). Sputniki otmechayut samye massivnye galo. Bolee melkie (o kotoryh my pisali) ostayutsya bezzvezdnymi. Massa nabiraetsya anizotropno za schet akkrecii. Vydelennye napravleniya svyazany s filomentarnoi strukturoi. Process, vklyuchayushii takuyu strukturu pokazan na risunke.

Vse vremya krasnymi kruzhkami otslezhivaetsya polozhenie 11-ti naibolee massivnyh sputnikov. Krasnyi otrezok pokazyvaet masshtab (on sootvetstvuet soputstvuyushei dline 400 kpk). "Blin" obrazuetsya uzhe v samom nachale za schet kollapsa temnoi materii.

Takzhe kak i v real'noi situacii v raschetah polozhenie ploskosti, v kotoroi lezhat sputniki, okazalos' prakticheski perpendikulyarnyh ploskosti galaktiki.


astro-ph/0503552 Novaya karlikovaya galaktika v Bol'shoi Medvedice (A New Milky Way Dwarf Galaxy in Ursa Major)
Authors: Beth Willman et al.
Comments: Submitted to ApJL

Otkryt ocherednoi karlikovyi sputnik nashei Galaktiki. Koordinaty novogo ob'ekta 158.72 (pryamoe voshozhdenie) i 51.92 (sklonenie), t.e. on nahoditsya v sozvezdii Bol'shoi Medvedicy. Odnako konechno, razglyadet' ego v lyubitel'skie teleskopy ne poluchitsya. A obnaruzhili ego po dannym Sloanovskogo cifrovogo obzora neba.

Vozmozhno, chto otkrytaya karlikovaya sferoidal'naya galaktika postavila rekord po svoei neulovimosti: polnaya svetimost' i poverhnostnaya yarkost' nashego novogo sputnika chrezvychaino nizki. Rasstoyanie do galaktiki sostavlyaet okolo 100 kpk.


Vypusk 100. 01-10 marta 2005

astro-ph/0503052 Moshnyi vspyhivayushii radioistochnik v napravlenii galakticheskogo centra (A powerful bursting radio source towards the Galactic Centre)
Authors: S. D. Hyman et al.
Comments: 16 pages including 3 figures. Nature 434 (2005) 50-52

Nablyudeniya tranzientnyh (vspyhivayushih) istochnikov v radiodiapazone chrezvychaino trudno provodit'. Svyazano eto s tehnicheskimi osobennostyami nablyudenii na radioteleskopah. Radioteleskop ne "schitaet kvanty" kak pribory, rabotayushie na bolee korotkih volnah. Obrabotka signala gorazdo slozhnee, i vsegda svyazana s nakopleniem i vydeleniem bolee-menee postoyannyh istochnikov nad urovnem shumov. Vspyhivayushie istochniki mozhno nablyudat' tol'ko na nebol'shih ploshadkah, chto oznachaet vozmozhnost' izucheniya radiovspyshek lish' ot uzhe izvestnyh istochnikov, na kotorye i navoditsya teleskop. Poiski tranzientov "v pole" do sih por chrezvychaino zatrudneny (podcherknem, rech' ne idet ob istochnikah tipa radiopul'sarov, kotorye postoyanno vspyhivayut, imeyutsya v vidu redkie, vozmozhno odinochnye, vspyshki). Poetomu chislo tranzientnyh radioistochnikov, otkrytyh po radionablyudeniyam po suti ravnyalos' nulyu. I vot - pervyi.

GCRT J1745-3009 byl zaregistrirovan v 2002 g. v napravlenii na centr Galaktiki. Sobstvenno, imenno ego polozhenie sposobstvovalo ego otkrytiyu -- oblast' galakticheskogo centra aktivno nablyudaetsya.

Rasstoyanie do istochnika neizvestno, no ego blizost' k centru Galaktiki navodit na mysl', chto tam on i nahoditsya (hotya, povtorim, tut est' effekt selekcii; imenno oblast' centra nablyudalas', otkryt' analogichnyi istochnik v drugom napravlenii menee veroyatno prosto iz-za nedostatka nablyudenii). Vspyshki, kotorye on proizvodit, ne pohozhi na aktivnost' drugih istochnikov. Poetomu avtory polagayut, chto eto mozhet byt' pervyi predstavitel' novogo klassa ob'ektov.

Serii vspyshek dlitel'nost' okolo 10 minut proishodyat primerno kazhdye 1.27 chasa (tak chto vse-taki vspyshki ne super redkie). Oblast' centra Galaktiki plotno zaselena raznoobraznymi ob'ektami, poetomu ponyat' svyazan li GCRT J1745-3009 s kakim-to iz drugih ob'ektov (naprimer, s ostatkom sverhnovoi) zatrudnitel'no.


Vspyshki istochnika GCRT J1745-3009

Skoree vsego nas zhdet potok spekulyacii o tom, chto zhe eto mozhet byt'. Period v 1.27 chasa navodit na mysli ob ochen' tesnoi dvoinoi sisteme, vklyuchayushei kompaktnyi zamagnichennyi ob'ekt.


Vypusk 95. 22-31 dekabrya 2004

astro-ph/0412312 Gravitacionnoe i gidrodinamicheskoe vzaimodeistvie mezhdu BMO i nashei Galaktikoi (The gravitational and hydrodynamical interaction between the LMC and the Galaxy)
Authors: Chiara Mastropietro et al.
Comments: 12 pages, 15 figures.

Avtory smodelirovali vzaimodeistvie Mlechnogo Puti s ego samym krupnym sputnikom dvumya sposobami: metodom N-tel (galaktika predstavlyaetsya v vide nabora tyagoteyushih material'nyh tochke) i SPH (odin iz metodov gidrodinamicheskogo modelirovaniya). Modeli vklyuchali v sebya galo ih nebarionnoi temnoi materii. Modelirovanie ohvatyvalo poslednie 4 milliarda let i okanchivalos' pri pravil'nom vzaimnom raspolozhenii galaktik. V rezul'tate deistviya prilivnyh sil disk Bol'shom Magellanovom Oblake vytyagivaetsya, sama galaktika sil'no deformiruetsya, a chast' ego zvezd vybrasyvaetsya, obrazuya razrezhennuyu zvezdnuyu koronu. Cherez nekotoroe vremya gazovyi disk stanovitsya men'she, chem zvezdnyi.

Fil'm o hode etoi evolyucii mozhno posmotret' na saite avtorov.


Vypusk 90. 25-31 oktyabrya 2004

astro-ph/0410636 Karta Faradeeva vrasheniya dlya galakticheskogo neba (A Faraday Rotation Template for the Galactic Sky)
Authors: Patrick Dineen, Peter Coles
Comments: 8 pages, 8 figures, submitted to MNRAS

Faradeevo vrashenie pozvolyaet opredelit' napryazhennost' magnitnogo polya vdol' lucha zreniya. Dlya togo, chtoby postroit' kartu etoi velichiny dlya Galaktiki nado provesti (ili sobrat') nablyudeniya po krainei mere neskol'kih sot vnegalakticheskih (radio)istochnikov s polyarizovannym izlucheniem na neskol'kih dlinah voln. Imenno eto rabotu (sbor dannyh po literature) prodelali avtory dannoi raboty.

Im udalos' sobrat' tri nabora nablyudenii, soderzhashih 540, 644 i 744 istochnika sootvetstvenno. Eti dannye pozvolyayut stroit' karty do 16-18 sfericheskoi garmoniki vklyuchitel'no. Dve karty iz etogo nabora pokazany nizhe.

Verhnyaya karta postroena po 744 istochnikam i soderzhit garmoniki vplot' do lmax=16. Nizhnyaya karta ta zhe, no iz nee udaleny dipol' i kvadrupol' (l=2 i 3, sootvetsvenno).


Vypusk 89. 18-25 oktyabrya 2004

astro-ph/0410416 Novyi kompan'on Mlechnogo Puti: neobychnoe sharovoe skoplenie ili predel'no malen'kaya galaktika-sputnik? (A New Milky Way Companion: Unusual Globular Cluster or Extreme Dwarf Satellite?)
Authors: Beth Willman et al.
Comments: 17 pages, 10 figures. Resolution of Figure 1 degraded and bottom panel of Figure 4 only includes 10% of field stars to minimize figure size

Obnaruzhena gruppa golubyh zvezd SDSSJ1049+5103, plotnost' kotoroi prevyshaet ozhidaemuyu dlya dannogo mestopolozheniya v Galaktike (rasstoyanie ot Solnca okolo 50 kpk). Obrazovanie pohozhe na staroe skoplenie zvezd s nizkim soderzhaniem metallov.

Avtory predstavlyayut vsyu poluchennuyu po etomu ob'ektu informaciyu i rassuzhdayut o ego prirode. Kak yasno iz nazvaniya, osnovnyh gipotez dve. Eto ili sharovoe skoplenie, ili eshe odna galaktika-sputnik. I v tom, i v drugom sluchae novootkrytoe obrazovanie yavlyaetsya netipichnym.


Vypusk 87. 01-10 oktyabrya 2004

obzor astro-ph/0410024 Vliyanie dvoinyh na galakticheskuyu himicheskuyu evolyuciya (The influence of binaries on galactic chemical evolution)
Authors: Erwin De Donder, Dany Vanbeveren
Comments: 115 pages, many figures and tables, New Astronomy Reviews 2004, 48, 861-975

Imenno tak: 115 stranic, mnogo risunkov i tablic. Bol'shoi obzor po himicheskoi evolyucii Galaktiki.
Hotya! Sam obzor na astro-ph nedostupen! Ego nado ili skachivat' iz New Astronomy (esli dostup est'), ili zaprashivat' u avtorov (ili potihonechku skachat' otsyuda).

Zato mozhno pochitat' bolee korotkuyu stat'yu Vanbeveren'a astro-ph/0410021, posvyashennuyu izbrannym voprosam evolyucii massivnyh zvezd.


Vypusk 81. 20-30 iyunya 2004

astro-ph/0406416 Forma galo Mlechnogo Puti i prilivnye hvosty ego sputnikov (The Shape of the Milky Way Halo and the Satellite Tidal Tails)
Authors: M.A. Gomez-Flechoso
Comments: 4 pages, 2 figures

Karlikovye galaktiki-sputniki Mlechnogo Puti ispytyvayut s ego storony ochen' sil'noe prilivnoe vozdeistvie, v rezul'tate kotorogo iz nih vytyagivayutsya strui veshestva, nazyvaemye "prilivnymi hvostami".

Avtory dannoi raboty predlozhili po forme i raspredeleniyu "hvostov" u sputnikov ustanovit' formu nashei Galaktiki (tochnee ee gravitacionnogo potenciala). Rezul'tat okazalsya vpolne ozhidaemym: galo - splyusnutyi ellipsoid s otnosheniem osei 0.8-0.9. Eto znachenie horosho soglasuetsya s poluchennymi ranee, no ono opredeleno nezavisimym sposobom.


Vypusk 79. 01-11 iyunya 2004

istoricheskii obzor astro-ph/0406142 Teoriya voln plotnosti v 1960-h gg. (Density-Wave Spiral Theories in the 1960s.)
Authors: I.I. Pasha
Comments: 50 pages, 11 figures

V dvuh chastyah poyavilsya angliiskii variant prekrasnoi raboty I.I.Pashi po istorii razvitiya teorii voln plotnosti. Vtoraya chast' soderzhitsya v stat'e astro-ph/0406143, rannii russkii variant pervoi chasti dostupen na Astronete.


Vypusk 76. 19-30 aprelya 2004

astro-ph/0404547 Dinamicheskaya model' dvizheniya Tumannosti Andromedy M31 i proishozhdenie lokal'noi gruppy galaktik (A Dynamical Model for the Orbit of the Andromeda Galaxy M31 and the Origin of the Local Group of Galaxies)
Authors: T. Sawa, M. Fujimoto
Comments: 21 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables, submitted to A&A

Avtory postroili model' dvizheniya Mlechnogo Puti, Tumannosti Andromedy, a takzhe Bol'shogo i Malogo Magellanovyh Oblakov drug vokrug druga. V dannoi modeli uchityvaetsya kak gravitaciya, tak i gidrodinamicheskoe vzaimodeistvie galaktik. Rezul'tatom okazalis' traektorii ih dvizheniya v "poslednie" 10 milliardov let.

Traektorii dvizheniya blizhaishih galaktik i mesta ih vozniknoveniya


Vypusk 75. 12-19 aprelya 2004

astro-ph/0404223 Otkrytie v optike treh rasseyannyh skoplenii v Galaktike (Discovery of three optical open clusters in the Galaxy)
Authors: E.Bica et al.
Comments: 12 pages, 9 figures

Po opticheskim nablyudeniyam otkryto tri novyh rasseyannyh skopleniya v nashei Galaktike: dva v sozvezdii Shita (pervoe s koordinatami l=18.44o i b=-0.42o, vtoroe - l=19.60o i b=-1.02o) i odno v Bol'shoi Medvedice (l=235.61o i b=-4.10o). Vozrasta etih skoplenii ocenivayutsya v 25, 500 i 32-100 mln.let, a rasstoyaniya do nih 1.6, 2.2 i 3.9 kpk, sootvetstvenno.

Fotografii treh otkrytyh rasseyannyh skoplenii


Vypusk 74. 01-11 aprelya 2004

obzor astro-ph/0404136 Rentgenovskie istochniki v sharovyh skopleniyah (Globular Cluster X-ray Sources)
Authors: Frank Verbunt, Walter H.G. Lewin
Comments: 39 pages, Chapter 8 in "Compact Stellar X-ray Sources", eds. W.H.G. Lewin and M. van der Klis, Cambridge University Press

Eto glava iz knigi po kompaktnym rentgenovskim istochnikam. V nei vy naidete kratkuyu istoriyu izucheniya rentgenovskih istochnikov v sharovyh skopleniyah nashei Galaktiki, rezul'taty izucheniya ochen' yarkih rentgenovskih istochnikov v 14 sharovyh skopleniyah v sosednih galaktikah, i diskussiyu o putyah i formirovaniya i shodstve (razlichiyah) s istochnikami vne sharovyh skoplenii.


Vypusk 73. 16-31 marta 2004

astro-ph/0403304 Populyacii rentgenovskih istochnikov v ploskosti Galaktiki (X-ray source populations in the Galactic Plane)
Authors: A. D. P. Hands et al.
Comments: 21 pages, 15 figures, accepted by MNRAS

Sputnik HMM-N'yuton - odna iz dvuh krupneishih sovremennyh kosmicheskih rentgenovskih observatorii. Odna iz ego zadach - postroenie kataloga istochnikov v ploskosti Galaktiki vplot' do ochen' malyh potokov. V dannoi stat'e privodyatsya pervye rezul'taty po ploshadke primerno v tri kvadratnyh gradusa v napravlenii 19-22 gradusa ot centra Galaktiki v poyase +/-0.6 gradusov ot ee ploskosti.

Na karte privedeno okolo 400 istochnikov s potokami vyshe 2 10-14 erg/sm2/s. Na slabyh potokah dominiruyut fonovye vnegalakticheskie istochniki. Sredi "myagkih" istochnikov (t.e. s osnovnym energovydeleniem v menee zhestkoi chasti spektra) - blizkie zvezdy s koronal'noi aktivnost'yu. Krome togo, avtory obsuzhdayut drugie tipy istochnikov, v pervuyu ochered' kataklizmicheskie peremennye i sistemy tipa RS CVn.

Otmetim, chto ne isklyucheno, chto 2-3 myagkih (0.4-2 keV) istochnika (na risunke - krasnye) mogut yavlyat'sya odinochnymi akkreciruyushimi neitronnymi zvezdami.


Vypusk 72. 01-15 marta 2004

astro-ph/0403001 Nablyudaemoe i predskazannoe prostranstvennoe raspredelenie sputnikov Mlechnogo Puti (The Observed and Predicted Spatial Distribution of Milky Way Satellite Galaxies)
Authors: B. Willman et al.
Comments: 9 pages, 7 figures. MNRAS submitted

Skol'ko sputnikov u nashei Galaktiki? Mlechnyi Put' - samoe plohoe mesto otkuda ih mozhno schitat': nekotorye ih nih zakryvayutsya diskom ili centrom, prichem opredelit' dolyu propushennyh ob'ektov tol'ko po sputnikam samoi nashei Galaktiki ochen' trudno. No mozhno posmotret' na blizkuyu galaktiku podobnogo tipa, naprimer na Tumannost' Andromedy (M31). V etom sluchae okazyvaetsya, chto my nedoschityvaemsya karlikovyh sputnikov Mlechnogo Puti v 1.5-2 raza.


Radial'noe raspredelenie chisla sputnikov Mlechnogo Puti i M31.


Vypusk 70. 16-22 fevralya 2004

astro-ph/0402338 Vzveshivanie kaspa v Galakticheskom centre (Weighing the cusp at the Galactic Centre)
Authors: N. Mouawad et al.
Comments: 11 pages, 5 figures submitted to astron. and astroph

Kak izvestno, v centre nashei Galaktiki nahoditsya chernaya dyra. Ee massa neploho izvestna: okolo 3-4 millionov mass Solnca. Eto bylo opredeleno po izmereniyam orbital'nogo dvizheniya zvezd v neposredstvennoi blizosti ot centra Galaktiki. Odnako chernaya dyra okruzhena nebol'shim zvezdnym skopleniem s bystro rastushei k centru plotnost'yu - kaspom. Massa kaspa namnogo men'she massy chernoi dyry, no vse ravno, on mozhet okazyvat' nebol'shoe vliyanie na dinamiku zvezdnyh orbit.

Avtory detal'no issleduyut etot vopros. Osnovnoi vyvod sostoit v tom, chto massa kaspa sostavlyaet primerno 10 procentov ot massy chernoi dyry. Krome togo, oni obsuzhdayut prirodu ob'ektov, formiruyushih kasp. V chastnosti, po vsei vidimosti tam velika dolya "zvezdnyh ostatkov" - belyh karlikov, neitronnyh zvezd i chernyh dyr.


Vypusk 69. 08-15 fevralya 2004

astro-ph/0402170 Struktura krupnomasshtabnogo magnitnogo polya nashe Galaktiki na osnove mer vrasheniya izlucheniya pul'sarov (The Large-Scale Magnetic Field Structure of Our Galaxy: Efficiently Deduced from Pulsar Rotation Measures)
Authors: J.L. Han (NAOC)
Comments: 10 pages, 4 figures

Segodnya izvestno bolee 1000 radiopul'sarov, kotorye pokryvayut vse nebo (hotya i ne odnorodno), iz izluchenie obladaem vysokoi lineinoi polyarizaciei i dlya mnogih ob'ektov izvestna mera vrasheniya - zavisyashee ot chastoty izmenenie pozicionnogo ugla ploskosti polyarizacii izlucheniya, vyzvannoe ego rasprostraneniem v zamagnichennoi mezhzvezdnoi plazme. Pul'sarov s izvestnoi meroi vrasheniya uzhe tak mnogo, chto na ih osnove udaetsya vosstanovit' krupnomasshtabnuyu strukturu magnitnogo polya vblizi ploskosti Galaktiki. Poluchennaya "karta" pokazana na risunke.


Vypusk 68. 01-07 fevralya 2004

miniobzor astro-ph/0402019 Molekulyarnye oblaka v centre Galaktiki (Galactic Center Molecular Clouds)
Authors: R. Guesten, S. Philipp
Comments: 10 pages, 3 figures. Version with full graphics available from ftp://ftp.mpifr-bonn.mpg.de/outgoing/sphilipp (Co)authored by members of the MPIfR (Sub)millimeter Astronomy Group. To appear in the Proceedings of the 4th Cologne-Bonn-Zermatt-Symposium "The Dense Interstellar Medium in Galaxies" eds. S. Pfalzner, C. Kramer, C. Straubmeier, & A. Heithausen (Springer: Berlin)

Yadra aktivnyh (i ne ochen' aktivnyh) galaktik i ih okrestnosti - eto burnyi kotel. Razumeetsya, central'naya chast' nashei Galaktiki yavlyaetsya samym blizkim primerom takih oblastei. Poetomu ee issledovanie predstavlyaet dopolnitel'nyi interes, t.k. my mozhem uznat' koe-chto o processah, kotorye ne mozhem rassmotret' v dalekih galakticheskih yadrah.

V etom obzore rasskazyvaetsya o central'nom molekulyarnom diske (sloe) razmerom primerno 450 na 50 pk. Ego massa sostavlyaet okolo 108 solnechnyh mass. Opisyvaetsya, kak eti molekulyarnye oblaka svyazany so zvezdoobrazovaniem v galakticheskom centre.

Avtory upominayut filamenty (volokna) v centre Galaktiki. Bolee detal'no ob etih obrazoavniyah mozhno prochest' v rabote New Nonthermal Filaments at the Galactic Center: Are They Tracing a Globally Ordered Magnetic Field?.


Vypusk 67. 26-31 yanvarya 2004

astro-ph/0401499 Evolyuciya Mlechnogo puti s samyh rannih etapov: ogranicheniya na zvezdnyi nukleosintez (The evolution of the Milky Way from its earliest phases : constraints on stellar nucleosynthesis)
Authors: Patrick Francois et al.
Comments: 20 pages, 10 figures, submitted to A&A

Mozhno rassmatrivat' dinamicheskuyu evolyuciyu nashei galaktiki, mozhno rassmatrivat' spektral'nuyu evolyuciyu, a mozhno i himicheskuyu (sm. obzor v stat'e astro-ph/0401538). So vremenem himicheskii sostav galaktiki postoyanno menyaetsya v storonu uvelicheniya doli tyazhelyh elementov za schet sinteza v zvezdah. Za schet zvezdnyh vetrov i vzryvov veshestvo popadaet v mezhzvezdnuyu sredu, zatem v zvezdy novogo pokoleniya i t.d.

V etoi rabote avtory modeliruyut himicheskuyu evolyuciyu Mlechnogo Puti, ispol'zuya novye dannye po evolyucii massivnyh zvezd i po sverhnovym tipa Ia. Zatem rezul'taty modeli sravnivayutsya s dannymi nablyudenii. Dlya sravneniya ispol'zovany samye novye dannye (osobenno po Solnechnoi okrestnosti). Na osnovanii sravneniya avtory delayut vyvody kak o parametrah modelei evolyucii zvezd i proizvodstva v nih elementov, tak i ob istorii nashei Galaktiki. Naprimer, is treh rassmotrennyh modelei sverhnovyh tol'ko odna bez modifikacii daet priemlemye rezul'taty.


miniobzor astro-ph/0401557 Evolyuciya prilivnyh ostatkov (The Evolution of Tidal Debris)
Authors: Chris Mihos
Comments: Invited review at IAU Symposium 217, "Recycling Intergalactic and Interstellar Matter". 10 pages, 6 figures

Vzaimodeistvie galaktik privodit k ih prilivnomu iskazheniyu ili dazhe razrusheniyu. My neodnokratno pisali v nashih obzorah i ANKah ob ostatkah takih vzaimodeistvii. V dannoi rabote privoditsya kratkii obzor nashego ponimaniya evolyucii takih ostatkov: chto proishodit so zvezdami i gazom, kak menyaetsya sostav mezhgalakticheskoi sredy i t.p.


Vypusk 66. 19-26 yanvarya 2004

obzor astro-ph/0401344 Mezhzvezdnoe pogloshenie v nashei Galaktike (Interstellar Extinction in the Milky Way Galaxy)
Authors: Edward L. Fitzpatrick
Comments: Invited review at the Astrophysics of Dust 2003 Symposium held in Estes Park, Colorado, USA in May 26-30, 2003. Conference proceedings to be published through the ASP Conference Series in 2004, edited by A. Witt, B. Draine, and G. Clayton. 24 pages, including 14 figures

Chitateli navernyaka pomnyat, chto pervye popytki ustanovit' formu i razmer nashei Galaktiki privodili k strannym rezul'tatam: Solnce okazyvalos' vblizi centra. Delo otchasti bylo v tom, chto togda ne znali o mezhzvezdnom pogloshenii sveta. Esli vy ne hotite ostavat'sya v polozhenii uchenyh 18 veka, to chitaite etot obzor. Tam pro pogloshenie sveta (ot IK do UF) podrobno rasskazano.


astro-ph/0401360 O nedavnei istorii zvezdoobrazovaniya v diske Mlechnogo Puti (On the recent star formation history of the Milky Way disk)
Authors: R. de la Fuente Marcos, C. de la Fuente Marcos
Comments: 38 pages, 11 figures.

Ob'emnaya i podrobnaya rabota: avtory pytayutsya vosstanovit' detal'nyi (s shagom 50 mln. let) vid funkcii zvezdoobrazovaniya v diske nashei Galaktiki za poslednie 2 mlrd. let po raspredeleniyu vozrastov rasseyannyh skoplenii. Strogo odnoznachnogo rezul'tata ne poluchilos', no, chto ochen' interesno, vidna nekotoraya ciklichnost' s periodom okolo 400 mln. let.

Rekonstrukcii istorii Galaktiki na bOl'shih vremenah po sharovym skopleniyam posvyashena stat'ya astro-ph/0401366.


astro-ph/0401429 O prirode peremennogo infrakrasnogo izlucheniya ot Sgr A* (On The Nature of the Variable Infrared Emission from Sgr A*)
Authors: Feng Yuan, Eliot Quataert, Ramesh Narayan
Comments: 17 pages, 5 figures, accepted by ApJ

Okazyvaetsya, izluchenie istochnika Sgr A* - central'noi chernoi dyry nashei Galaktiki - ochen' bystro menyaetsya v infrakrasnom diapazone. Harakternoe vremya peremennosti sostavlyaet okolo 30 min. Ono sovpadaet s rentgenovskoi peremennost'yu, obnaruzhennoi na sputnikah Chandra i XMM, chto pozvolyaet sdelat' predpolozhenie ob ih obshei prirode.

Avtory pytayutsya ob'yasnit' IK-izluchenie neteplovym sinhrotronom iz naibolee vnutrennih chastei akkrecionnogo diska, a rentgenovskoe - komptonizaciei myagkogo IK-izlucheniya. Postroeny model'nye spektry.


(Arhiv Nasha Galaktika:
v.2, 2003, v.1, 2002-2003)

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