The R.A.P. Project (Reviews of Astro-Ph)
Metody nablyudenii
(Arhiv Metody nablyudenii: v.2, 2003,
v.1, 2002-2003)
Authors: K.D. Hoffman
Comments: 33 pages, 21 figures, accepted for publication in the New Journal of Physics
V stat'e daet obzor po istorii i sovremennomu sostoyaniyu detektorov neitrino vysokih energii. Imeyutsya vvidu proekty tipa Amanda, IseCube etc. (v protivopostavlenii detektoram nizkoenergichnyh neitrino, podobnyh Borexino etc.). Avtor takzhe rassuzhdaet o tom, kakie otkrytiya nas zhdut pri vvode v stroi detektorov novogo pokoleniya s ob'emom rabochego tela poryadka kubicheskogo kilometra.
Authors: C. Deil et al.
Comments: Accepted for publication in Astroparticle Physics, 8 pages, 9 figures, 1 table
Lunnymi nochami cherenkovskie teleskopy, ispol'zuemye v nazemnoi gamma-astronomii, prostaivayut. Kak by ih ispol'zovat' v hozyaistve (esli ne v narodnom, to hot' v astronomicheskom)? Avtory predlagayut iskat' ul'trakorotkie (menee millisekundy) vspyshki, v pervuyu ochered' ot neitronnyh zvezd i chernyh dyr. I ne tol'ko predlagayut, a dazhe ishut. Ispol'zuya odin iz teleskopov sistemy H.E.S.S., oni poluchili 43 chasa nablyudenii. Poka nikakih interesnyh vspyshek ne obnaruzheno (tol'ko vsyakii fon), no liha beda nachalo!
Voobshe o cherenkovskih teleskopah mozhno pochitat' v drugom svezhem obzore arxiv:0812.4198.
Authors: T.P. Krichbaum et al.
Comments: 8 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. To be published in Proceedings of Science, proceedings of he 9th European VLBI Network Symposium' on The role of VLBI in the Golden Age for Radio Astronomy', September 23-26, 2008, Bologna, Italy
Avtory obsuzhdayut perspektivy sozdaniya sistemy interferrometrii so sverhdlinnoi bazoi v millimetrovom diapazone i opisyvayut imeyushiesya dostizheniya. V samom blizhaishem budushem mozhno ozhidat' dostizheniya uglovogo razresheniya 10-20 mikrosekund na dlinah voln ~1 mm. Osnovnye celi svyazany issledovaniyami aktivnyh yader galaktik.
Authors: K. Abazajian et al., for the SDSS
Comments: 20 pages, submitted to ApJS
Vyshel sed'moi (poslednii) reliz SDSS. V nem est' ~1.6 milliona spektrov (v osnovnom eto galaktiki). Uluchsheny astrometricheskie dannye dlya oblasti vblizi ploskosti Galaktiki.
Authors: Cameron D. Patterson et al.
Comments: 18 pages
Opisyvaetsya skromnyi radioteleskop ETA, rabotayushii na volne okolo 8 metrov (24-47 Mgc). On sostoit iz 12 dipolei i prednaznachen dlya obzora neba na nizkom urovne chuvstvitel'nosti s cel'yu poiska tranzientov (naprimer, izlucheniya ot gamma-vspleskov i tp.). Raspolozhen instrument v Severnoi Karoline.
Authors: G. Giacomelli for the ANTARES collaboration
Comments: 8 pages, invited talk at "New Trends in high-energy physicsa & safe nuclear energy"
Podvodnyi neitrinnyi detektor ANTARES rabotaet u beregov Francii. Seichas montazh uzhe zakonchen. Detektor v itoge poluchilsya ne ochen' bol'shoi. Napomnyu, chto est' i drugie evropeiskie proekty (NESTOR, NEMO). V itoge sovmestnymi usiliyami evropeicy dolzhny postroit' detektor s effektivnym ob'emom poryadka kubicheskogo kilometra. No eto v budushem. Poka zhe - chto est'.
Zametka, na moi vzglyad, polezna neplohim vvedeniem. Sm. takzhe arxiv:0812.20954, gde rech' idet o pervyh rezul'tatah ANTARES.
Authors: E. Oliva
Comments: 6 pages
TNG - eto ital'yanskii teleskop s 3.5-metrovym zerkalom, ustanovlennyi na ispanskom ostrove La Pal'ma. V stat'e daetsya kratkaya svodka parametrov instrumentov, principov raspredeleniya vremeni i tp. Zatem privoditsya statistika po stat'yam, rezul'taty kotoryh osnovany na dannyh s etogo teleskopa, a takzhe po citiruemosti etih statei.
Authors: Daniel Baumann et al.
Comments: 6 pages, 3 figures
Na segodnyashnii den' teoriya inflyacii s odnoi storony yavlyaetsya standartnym elementom kosmologicheskoi kartiny, a s drugoi - net nikakih pryamyh podtverzhdenii togo, chto nash mir proshel cherez stadiyu inflyacii. Po vsei vidimosti, naibolee realistichnye vozmozhnosti "uvidet'" sledy inflyacii svyazany s pervichnymi gravitacionnymi volnami. Vopros ih pryamoi registracii, skoree vsego, delo budushego. No mozhno popytat'sya uvidet' "otpechatok" ih sushestvovaniya v mikrovolnovom fone.
V ramkah proekta "Za Einshteinom" (Beyond Eistein) planiruetsya zapusk sputnika, kotoryi dolzhen budet razglyadet' V-mody polyarizacii reliktovogo izlucheniya. Ih obnaruzhenie budet (po astrofizicheskim merkam) pryamym ukazaniem na inflyaciyu. Esli zhe ne uvidyat ... Eto eshe ne znachit, chto inflyacionnyi scenarii neveren. Krome togo, v kachestve "pobochnyh rezul'tatov" sputnik dast mnogo dannym, nuzhnym v kosmologii i izuchenii Galaktiki.
Sm. takzhe drugie raboty: v kotoryh razvivaetsya koncepciya CMBPol: arxiv:0811.3915, arxiv:0811.3916, arxiv:0811.3918, arxiv:0811.3919, arxiv:0811.3920.
Authors: R. Smits et al.
Comments: 12 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Odnoi iz zadach dlya sistemy radioteleskopov SKA budet poisk novyh pul'sarov. Prichem, rech' idet ne tol'ko i ne stol'ko o prostom uvelichenii chisla otkrytyh ob'ektov, ili ob obnaruzhenii pul'sarov v blizkih galaktikah, a ob otkrytii ekzoticheskih sistem. Naprimer, mozhno leleyat' mechtu o nobelevskoi premii za obnaruzhenie pary pul'sar plyus chernaya dyra, vidimoi pochti s rebra (t.e., chtoby pul'sar "prosvechival" okrestnosti chernoi dyry).
V stat'e detal'no razbiraetsya, kak SKA smozhet issledovat' radiopul'sary. Zamechu, odnako, chto okonchatel'nyi dizain sistemy eshe ne vybran, poetomu ocenki mogut slegka popolzti. Po suti, prodolzhaetsya bor'ba mezhdu pul'sarnoi i vnegalakticheskoi programmami, kotorye trebuyut raznogo dizaina sistemy. Sushestvenno, chto kogda SKA nachnet rabotu, to dlya issledovanii pul'sarov ogranicheniem mozhet stat' ob'em dannyh. Nuzhny budut ochen' moshnye vychislitel'nye sredstva dlya obrabotki nablyudenii. Po suti, planiruya programmy, uchenye ekstrapoliruyut rost vychislitel'noi moshnosti komp'yuterov i stoimosti hraneniya dannyh. Ispol'zuemye ocenki: v 2015 godu 10 Pflop budut stoit' 100 millionov dollarov. T.e., bez progressa v etoi oblasti spravitsya s budushimi nablyudeniyami budet neprosto.
Ozhidaetsya, chto SKA uvidit bolee 20 000 pul'sarov (iz nih 6000 - millisekundnye). Vsego v Galaktike okolo 30 000 normal'nyh pul'sarov i stol'ko zhe milisekundnyh, ch'i signaly popadayut na Zemlyu (napomnyu, chto izluchenie pul'sara skoncentrirovano v dostatochno uzkom konuse). Razumeetsya, nado uchest', chto iz dannoi tochki Zemli ne vse nebo dostupno dlya nablyudenii. Kstati, eti ocenki pozvolyayut rasschityvat' na desyatok sistem pul'sar plyus chernaya dyra, tak chto odna iz nih mozhet imet' ploskost' orbity vblizi lucha zreniya. Optimizaciya sistemy dlya pul'sarnyh issledovanii pozvolit neskol'ko uvelichit' eto chislo, no na moi vzglyad, maloveroyatno, chto eto budet sdelano v usherb vnegalakticheskim issledovaniyam.
Kstati, v Living Reviews in Relativity (kotorye v etom godu prazdnuyut desyatiletie, i "Troickii variant" napishet ob etom) poyavilsya apdeit obzora po dvoinym i millisekundnym pul'saram, kotoryi budet horoshim dopolneniem k dannoi stat'e po pul'saram na SKA.
Authors: D.J. Thompson
Comments: 44 pages, 24 figures, REp. Prog. Phys. 71(2008) 116901
Sputnik CGRO, na kotorom stoyali pribory EGRET, davno otletal svoe, no seichas, kogda Fermi-GLAST uspeshno rabotaet na orbite, eshe raz podvodyatsya itogi sdelannogo. V obzore daetsya polnaya svodka rezul'tatov EGRET po vsem tipam istochnikov. V zaklyuchenie, razumeetsya, avtor rassmatrivaet nereshennye problemy, kotorymi budet zanimat'sya Fermi-GLAST.
Authors: Lifan Wang, J. Craig Wheeler
Comments: 88 pages, 13 figures, 1 table, Ann. Rev. Astrophys. 2008, 46, 433-474
Sverhnovye vzryvayutsya nesimmetrichno. Horoshei modeli vzryva tak i net. Potomu bylo by ochen' vazhno iz nablyudenii ponyat', naskol'ko tam vse nesimmetrichno, i kak ono vyglyadit. V etom pomogaet spektropolyarimetriya.
Okazyvaetsya, v bol'shinstve sluchaev dazhe aksial'noi simmetrii okazyvaetsya nedostatochno dlya ob'yasneniya dannyh. T.e., nablyudeniya pryamo ukazyvayut na real'nuyu asimmetriyu v trehmerii.
Authors: E. Michel et al.
Comments: 12 pages, 16 figures, ESA Spec. Publ. 1306, p. 39-50
Sputnik CoRoT uzhe pochti dva goda nahoditsya na orbite (s 26 dekabrya 2006 g.). Osnovnaya zadacha sputnika - izuchenie pul'sacii zvezd - astroseismologiya. Takie issledovaniya pozvolyayut luchshe ponyat', kak eti svetila ustroeny vnutri, a znachit, proverit' nashi teorii vnutrennego stroeniya zvezd. Poputno, konechno, mozhno poluchat' vsyakie drugie rezul'taty, naprimer, svyazannye s ekzoplanetami.
V stat'e daetsya obzor imenno astroseismologicheskih zadach i rezul'tatov missii. Osnovnye rezul'taty poluchayutsya v rezul'tate dolgih (chut' menee polugoda) nablyudenii odnoi ploshadki (razumeetsya, na nei mozhno izuchat' srazu neskol'ko ob'ektov). Tak budet izucheno okolo 50 yarkih zvezd. Krome etogo, provodyatsya korotkie (tri-chetyre nedeli) nablyudeniya. V hode korotkih nablyudenii budet izucheno chut' bol'shee kolichestvo ob'ektov.
Seichas missiya nahoditsya primerno v seredine svoego zhiznennogo cikla. Tak chto okonchatel'nye rezul'taty eshe vperedi.
Authors: Simon Johnston et al.
Comments: 12 pages
Proekt SKA - Kilometrovoi antennoi reshetki - vse eshe obsuzhdaetsya. Dazhe mesto stroitel'stva i okonchatel'nyi dizain ne vybrany. Kandidatov dva: Avstraliyai Yuzhnaya Afrika. Obe strany ochen' hotyat poluchit' proekt, poetomu aktivno rabotayut nad prototipami. Poka, na moi vzglyad, Avstraliicy daleko vperedi, chto vo mnogom svyazano s tem, chto eta strana tradicionno zanimaetsya radioastronomiei na vysochaishem urovne.
ASKAP - prototip SKA, stroyashiisya v Avstralii. Dazhe esli so SKA chto-to sorvetsya, prototip vse ravno budet vvedn v stroi. Eto sam po sebe sil'nyi nauchnyi instrument. V predstavlyaemom materiale detal'no opisyvaetsya, kakie nauchnye programmy planiruetsya realizovyvat' na ASKAP.
V Arhive privoditsya tol'ko otnositel'no kratkoe rezyume otcheta. Ves' 120-stranichnyi dokument dostupen zdes'.
Authors: M. Pallavicini et al.
Comments: 38 pages
Chasticy kosmicheskih luchei mogut imet' ochen' bol'shie energii. Proishozhdenie takih chastic poka ostaetsya zagadkoi. Ne v poslednyuyu ochered' eto svyazano s tem, chto takih chastic prosto malo: odna v god na ploshad' v neskol'ko soten kvadratnyh kilometrov. Dlya nablyudenii takih chastic stroyat gigantskie kompleksy. Takie kak observatoriya imeni P'era Ozhe i Telescope Array. No vse ravno statistika nabiraetsya medlenno.
Napomnyu, chto chasticy ne registriruyutsya neposredstvenno. Vletaya v atmosferu na vysote v neskol'ko desyatkov kilometrov, chasticy vzaimodeistvuyut s molekulami zemnoi atmosfery. V itoge voznikaet potok vtorichnyh chastic i vspyshka v opticheskom diapazone. Nazemnye detektory registriruyut i to, i drugoe.
Uzhe davno vyskazyvalas' ideya, chto bylo by neploho nablyudat' iz kosmosa srazu vsyu atmosferu vidimoi chasti Zemli. Mozhno otslezhivat' vspyshki, svyazannye s vletom energichnyh chastic. Togda effektivno proishodit sbor informacii s ploshadi v desyatki millionov kvadratnyh kilometrov. Dlya etogo nado zapustit' sootvetstvuyushii detektor. Uzhe mnogo let idut rzrabotki takih proektov. Poka, pravda, ni odin iz nih ne poluchil prioritetnoo finansirovaniya.
V obzore opisyvayutsya osnovnye podhody, problemy i zadachi v osushestvlenii takogo kosmicheskogo proekta. Budem nadeyat'sya, chto vse-taki v blizhaishie gody odin iz proektov budet realizovan.
Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve
ru_astroph.
Obsudit' na Astroforume v
Nauchnoi panorame.
Authors: J.E. Hill et al.
Comments: 7 pages
Opisyvaetsya proekt nebol'shogo sputnika, prednaznachennogo dlya izmereniya polyarizacii gamma-vspleskov v diapazone 2-500 keV. Proekt napravlen v yanvare etogo goda v NASA. Ozhidaetsya, chto za 2 goda raboty pribor dast izmereniya dlya sotni gamma-vspleskov.
Prototipy detektorov uzhe uspeshno testirovalis' v ballonnyh eksperimentah, takzhe aktivno provodilos' modelirovanie ozhidaemyh rezul'tatov. Vse osnovnye tehnologii otrabotany, poetomu mozhno sdelat' nadezhnuyu nedoroguyu missiyu, kotoraya vydast ochen' vostrebovannyi rezul'tat, t.k. polyarizacionnye nablyudeniya kraine neobhodimy dlya proverok medelei raboty central'noi mashiny gamma-vspleskov.
O drugih polyarizacionnyh detektorah sm. arxiv:0810.2693, arxiv:0810.2700 (eto o planiruemomo polyarizacionnom detektore na XEUS), arxiv:0810.2780 (eto o planiruemom detektore na bortu kitaiskogo sputnika HXMT).
Authors: S.J. Kleiman et al.
Comments: 12 pages, SPIE vol. 7016, pp. 70160B-70160B-12 (2008)
Zakanchivaetsya rabota proekta SDSS. Skoro vyidet sed'moi reliz - i vse. V stat'e mezhdunarodnaya gruppa avtorov podvodit nekotorye itogi, obsuzhdaet, kakie byli problemy i tp. T.e., eto nekotoroe poslanie tem, kto budet v budushem delat' analogichnye proekty.
Authors: Michel J. Barlow
Comments: 24 pages, 19 figures, to appear in "Astrophysics on the next decade: JWST and concurrent facilities"
Dovol'no bol'shoi obzor, posvyashennyi tomu, chto my smozhem uznat' v blizhaishie gody o rozhdenii, zhizni i smerti zvezd s pomosh'yu takih teleskopov kak Herschel, SOFIA, JWST.
Authors: Robert W. Wilson, Antony A. Stark
Comments: 17 pages, for publication in @Smithsonian at the Poles@, proceedings of Smithsonian IPY Conference
Na antakrticheskom plato holodno, yasno i suho. Ideal'noe mesto dlya astronomicheskih nablyudenii, osobenno esli govorit' o nazemnyh priborah dlya izucheniya mikrovolnovogo fona. V samom dele, uzhe cht' li ne desyatok eksperimentov byl osushestvlen v etoi oblasti. Eto ne tol'ko pribory, ustanovlennye na zemle, no i balonnye eksperimenty. Avtory summiruyut poluchennye rezul'taty i ispol'zovavshiesya metoda, i rasskazyvayut o novom proekte 10-metrovogo teleskopa - SPT (Soth Pole Telescope), kotoryi budet issledovat' anizotropiyu relikta na masshtabe menee 1 gradusa. Sam teleskop byl ustanovlen chut' bolee goda nazad, no polnaya realizaciya proekta potrebuet vremeni.
Authors: A.M. Varela et al.
Comments: 16 pages with 13 figures, accepted for MNRAS (2008)
Avtory kriticheski obsuzhdayut predlozhenie ispol'zovat' sputnikovye dannye dlya monitoringa soderzhaniya aerozolei s cel'yu vybora optimal'nyh mest dlya astronomicheskih nablyudenii. Vyvod sostoit v tom, chto vse-taki nel'zya oboitis' bez pryamyh izmerenii na meste. Odnih sputnikov malo.
Authors: Rob Fender
Comments: 9 pages, to appear in the proceedings of the 7th Microquasar workshop, Foca, Turkey
Avtor obsuzhdaet, kak novye radioproekty (v pervuyu ochered' LOFAR) pomogut astrofizike vysokih energii. V pervuyu ochered', avtor ozhidaet proryva blagodarya gryadushei vozmozhnosti monitoringa vsego neba v radiodiapazone. Vmeste s rentgenovskimi dannymi, eto mozhet zdorovo pomoch' v izuchenii ryada yavlenii. Krome togo, daetsya poleznaya svodka planov po vvodu v stroi novyh radioustanovok.
Sm. takzhe arxiv:0810.0954.
Authors: Masanori Iye
Comments: Plenary talk given on 25 June at the SPIE 2008 symposium on "Astronomical Instrumentation" in Marseiile, 10 pages, SPIE Proc. 7016, 701602, (2008)
Nebol'shoi, no soderzhatel'nyi obzor s bol'shim chislom ssylok, posvyashennyi razlichnym metodam poiska i nablyudenii galaktik na bol'shih krasnyh smesheniyah. Metody vklyuchayut v sebya poisk laiman-al'fa-emitterov, poisk po laimanovskomu zavalu, issledovanie gravitacionnyh linz, issledovaniya kvazarov i hozyaiskih galaktik gamma-vspleskov.
Authors: M. P. Muno et al.
Comments: 23 pages, 13 figures, 7 tables. Submitted to ApJ Supplements
Slozhiv dannye mnogih nablyudenii oblasti galakticheskogo centra, avtory poluchili zamechatel'nyi obzor ploshadki razmerom primerno 2 (po dolgote) na 0.8 gradusov. Tam vydeleno 9017 tochechnyh istochnikov. Provedena ih pervichnaya klassifikaciya.
Interesno, po moim prikidkam, tam dolzhno byt' neskol'ko odinochnyh akkreciruyushih neitronnyh zvezd. Vot by ih vydelit'!
Authors: K. Barbary et al.
Comments: 5 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ.
V processe poiska i issledovaniya sverhnovyh v skopleniyah galaktik na Kosmicheskom teleskope obnaruzhilos' nechto, na sverhnovye ne slishkom pohozhee.
Avtory raportuyut ob otkrytii opticheskogo tranzienta, kotoryi v techenie 100 dneya yarchal, dostignuv 21-i velichiny, a potom na primerno takom zhe masshtabe vremeni zatuh. Takaya krivaya bleska sovsem ne pohozha na sverhnovye ili drugie izvestnye tranzienty. Na meste "vspyshki" nichego ne vidno. Na mikrolinzirovanie tozhe ne pohozhe (etot vyvod sdelan po krivoi izmeneniya bleska). Sootvetstvenno, avtory polagayut, chto otkryli nechto, s chem ran'she my ne vstrechalis'.
Pro rasstoyanie do ob'ekta pochti nichego ne izvestno. Krasnoe smeshenie opredelit' ne udalos' (net nikakih spektral'nyh detalei, kotorye by govorili o nenulevom smeshenii). No mozhno v lyubom sluchae postavit' zhestkii predel, chto ono men'she 2.7. Esli ob'ekt blizkii, to mozhno postavit' nizhnii predel na rasstoyanie, uchtya, chto ne byl obnaruzhen parallaks. Eto otodvigaet ob'ekt na 40 pk. T.e., eto uzh kak minimum ne Solnechnaya sistema.
"Bol'she ne znayut o nem nichego" (s)
Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve
ru_astroph.
Obsudit' na Astroforume v
Nauchnoi panorame.
Authors: Paul S. Ray et al.
Comments: 11 pages, 2 figures, to appear in proceedings of "Bursts, pulses and flickering: wide-field monitoring of the dynamic radio sky"
GCRT J1745-3009 - interesnyi i neponyatnyi radiotranzient, otkrytyi neskol'ko let nazad. Obsuzhdalos' neskol'ko raznyh modelei istochnika, i mozhno pridumat' novye (naprimer, odinochnye neitronnye zvezdy na ekzoticheskih stadiyah, superezhektor v dvoinoi sisteme i tp.). Avtory opisyvayut dannye po etomu istochniku, obsuzhdayut nekotorye modeli i rassuzhdayut, chto mozhno nadeyat'sya uznat' v budushem.
Authors: Travis S. Metcalfe
Comments: 10 pages, 7 figures, Proc. SOHO XXI/GONG 2008
V sleduyushem godu budet zapushen sputnik KEPLER. Eto budet pervaya specializirovannaya missiya, sposobnaya otkryvat' planety tipa Zemli okolo zvezd tipa Solnca. Avtor daet obzor proekta, a takzhe obsuzhdaet, kak s pomosh'yu metodov astroseismologii budut opredelyat'sya parametry zvezd.
Authors: F. Eisenhauer et al.
Comments: 13 pages, 11 figures, to appear in the conference proceedings of SPIE Astronomical Instrumentation, 23-28 June 2008, Marseille, France
Dlya VLT razrabatyvaetsya special'nyi pribor, kotoryi pomozhet nablyudat' dvizhenie zvezd i gaza v neposredstvennoi blizosti ot gorizonta sobytii v istochnike Sgr A* - sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyre v centre nashei Galaktiki. Dlya realizacii potrebuetsya ne tol'ko sozdat' novye instrumenty, no i zadeistvovat' vsyu mosh' interferometricheskoi sistemy VLT.
Razumeetsya, nikto ne delaet pribor "pod odin ob'ekt", i v stat'e avtory rassmatrivayut i drugie vozmozhnye oblasti prilozhenii. Pribor nachnet rabotat' v 2013 godu (seichas ego sozdanie polnost'yu odobreno).
Authors: A. T. Deller, J.P.W. Verbiest, S.J. Tingay, M. Bailes
Comments: 11 pages, 1 Figure, submitted to ApJL
Avtory rasskazyvayut o tochnom opredelenii (tochnost' okolo 1%) parallaksa do samogo blizkogo (156 pk) millisekundnogo dvoinogo pul'sara i o tom, chto iz etogo mozhno izvlech'. A izvlech' mozhno nemalo, t.k. dlya takih ob'ektov est' nezavisimye metody opredeleniya rasstoyaniya. Eti nezavisimye metody osnovany na nekotoryh predpolozheniyah, kotorye mozhno proveryat', ispol'zuya tochnyi trigonometricheskii parallaks. Sredi etih prepolozhenii vo-pervyh nado otmetit' postoyanstvo postoyannoi tyagoteniya (n'yutonovoi). I avtory privodyat samyi zhestkii predel na ee proizvodnuyu. Vo-vtoryh, eto neizvestnye massivnye planety na zadvorkah solnechnoi sistemy. I v tret'ih, gravitacionno-volnovoi shum.
Podrobnee ob izmerenii parallaksov pul'sarov s pomosh'yu VLBI sm. arxiv:0808.1598. V chastnosti, tam rasskazyvaetsya ob izmereniyah s submilliarksekundnoi tochnost'yu (tochno opredeleno rasstoyanie do pul'sara na ~2.5 kpc ot nas).
Authors: S. Buitink et al.
Comments: 8 pages, 8 figures, proceedings of XXth rencontres de Blois, 2008
Effekt Askaryana pozvolyaet registrirovat' vysokoenergichnye neitrino po radioizlucheniyu, kotoroe voznikaet pri dvizhenii chastic v srede. Na Zemle chashe obsuzhdayutsya ustanovki (i nekotorye uzhe rabotayut), gde "rabochim telom" sluzhit led (Antarkticheskii, grenlandskii). No Dagkesamanskii i Zheleznyh eshe v 1989 godu predlozhili nablyudat' s pomosh'yu radioteleskopov Lunu, i nablyudeniya byli provedeny. Pravda, udalos' poluchit' lish' verhnie predely. Rech' idet o registracii ochen' korotkih slabyh radiosignalov.
V proekte NuMoon ispol'zuetsya bol'shoi teleskop v Vesterborke. Izyuminka v ispol'zovanii bolee nizkih chastot chem v predydushih popytkah. Nablyudeniya uzhe nachalis'. Rezul'taty poka pozvolyayut lish' postavit' verhnie predely, no eto uzhe ochen' horoshie predely.
Authors: M. Tavani, et al., for the AGILE Collaboration
Comments: 20 pages, 26 figures. submitted to Astron. & Astrophys
Sputnik AGILE vtoroi god kruzhitsya na orbite. Eto gamma-teleskop, rabotayushii v diapazone ot 30 MeV do 50 GeV (takzhe na bortu est' eshe i nebol'shoi rentgenovskii teleskop i nebol'shoi detektor gamma-vspleskov). Sravnivat' ego imeet smysl s priborom EGRET na bortu CGRO. AGILE obladaet bolee vysokim uglovym razresheniem i nizkoi cenoi pri prochih pochti ravnyh parametrah. Zapushennyi nedavno GLAST gorazdo moshnee AGILE, tak chto tut i sravnivat' nechego.
V stat'e opisyvaetsya v osnovnom sam sputnik, ego pribory, rabota s dannymi i tp. Ni slova o poluchennyh za god s lishnim nauchnyh rezul'tatah tam net. No ob etom mozhno pochitat' na stranice proekta.
Authors: AMI Consortium
Comments: 15 pages, 13 figures. Submitted to MNRAS
Opisana sistema teleskopov: nazvanie kotoroi ya ne smog literaturno perevesti na russkii. Rech' idet o sisteme iz dvuh interferometrov, ustanovlennyh nedaleko ot Kembridzha. Instrumenty rabotayut na chastote 13.9-18.2 Gc. Odin interferometr sostoit iz 10 antenn diametrom 3.7 metra, a vtoroi - iz 8 antenn diametrom 12.8 metrov. Pervyi imeet rasstoyaniya mezhdu antennami poryadka 5-20 metrov, vtoroi - 18 -110 metrov. Osnovnaya zadacha - nablyudeniya skoplenii galaktik.
Authors: Joseph J. Mohr et al.
Comments: 16 pages
Dark Energy Survey (DES) budet provodit'sya v 2011-16 gg. na sushestvuyushem 4-metrovom teleskope. V stat'e opisyvaetsya v osnovnom to, kak planirutsya rabotat' s dannymi (kotoryh budet mnogo).
Authors: K. G. Strassmeier et al.
Comments: 9 pages, accepted for A&A
Nablyudeniya v Antakrdite horoshi eshe i tem, chto est' polyarnye nochi. T.e., mozhno na odnom instrumente delat' dlinnye serii podryad. Sobstvenno, v stat'e i predstavleny rezul'taty, poluchennye v iyule proshlogo goda vo vremya polyarnoi nochi. Avtory obrabotali 13 000 CCD izobrazhenii, poluchennyh na malen'kom 25-santimetrovom instrumente. Avtory isseledovali povedenie dvuh peremennyh zvezd (V841 Cen i V1034 Cen). Dlya pervoi polucheny horoshie modeli raspredeleniya pyaten. Dlya vtoroi - postroen detal'nyi spekt pul'sacii.
Authors: Norbert Bartel
Comments: Comments: 9 pages, 4 figure. Invited Review. To be published in "Approaching Micro-Arcsecond Resolution with VSOP-2: Astrophysics and Technology," Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series. Eds. Y. Hagiwara, E. Fomalont, M. Tsuboi, and Y. Murata
Nebol'shoi obzor, posvyashennyi nablyudeniyam "svezhevspyhnuvshih" sverhnovyh s pomosh'yu radiointerferometrov s sverhdlinnoi bazoi. Dyuzhinu takih sverhnovyh udalos' zaregistrirovat'. Ozhidaetsya, chto proekty tipa VSOP-2 (vklyuchayushie teleskop na orbite) smogut dat' bol'she.
Authors: Dimitrios Psaltis
Comments: 58 pages, review article for Living Reviews in Relativity
Avtor podrobno obsuzhdaet razlichnye vozmozhnosti dlya izucheniya gravitacionnyh effektov v sil'nom pole po nablyudeniyam neitronnyh zvezd i chernyh dyr. Obzor ochen' dostupen, no pri etom avtor kasaetsya vseh osnov.
Authors: Stanislav Babak, Mark Hannam, Sascha Husa, Bernard Schutz
Comments: 4 pages, 1 figure
Kosmicheskii lazernyi interferometr LISA budet registrirovat' sliyaniya sverhmassivnyh chernyh dyr. Sprashivaetsya, mozhem li my dostatochno tochno opredelit', v kakoi galaktike proizoshlo sliyanie? Avtory pokazyvayut, chto s uchetom togo, chto my mozhem rasschitat', kak dolzhen vyglyadet' signal (i ot samogo sliyaniya i t.n. "zvon" posle nego), polozhenie mozhno budet opredelyat' dostatochno tochno. Dlya poloviny sistem na z=1 polozhenie budet opredelyat'sya s tochnost'yu 3 uglovye minuty, a dlya 20 procentov - odna uglovaya minuta.
Authors: Martha P. Haynes
Comments: To appear in AIP Conference Proceedings, "The Evolution of Galaxies through the Neutral Hydrogen Window", Feb 1-3 2008, Arecibo, Puerto Rico, eds. R. Minchin & E. Momjian. 8 pages
V Arhive potihon'ku poyavlyayutsya stat'i, kotorye budut opublikovany v materialah konferencii po izucheniyu neitral'nogo vodoroda. Eti issledovaniya vazhny dlya ponimaniya processa formirovaniya galaktik, nekotoryh kosmologicheskih aspektov.
O proekte ALFALFA (The Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA) mozhno prochest' tut arxiv:0806.1670. V ego ramkah provoditsya obzor vnegalakticheskogo neitral'nogo vodoroda (razumeetsya, rech' idet o volne 21 sm). Na nastoyashii moment zakoncheno bolee poloviny nablyudatel'noi raboty i okolo chetverti raboty po obrabotke dannyh.
Ob istorii i rezul'tatah issledovaniya blizkih galaktik na volne 21 sm sm. arxiv:0806.1712. Razumeetsya, na radioteleskope v Aresibo, kotoryi seichas igraet vedushuyu rol' v issledovanii galaktik na volne 21sm, planiruyutsya novye nablyudeniya. Pro to napisano zdes' arxiv:0806.1714.
Authors: E.A. Baltz et al.
Comments: 49 pages, 29 figures, JCAP in press
Avtory delayut detal'nye ocenki togo, kak GLAST mozhet registrirovat' temnuyu materiyu po annigilyacionnomu signalu.
Chasticy temnoi materii mogut annigilirovat' drug s drugom. Sootvetstvenno, "v mestah massovogo skopleniya" etih chastic mozhno ozhidat' sil'nogo gamma-izlucheniya, popadayushego v diapazon chuvstvitel'nosti GLAST. V pervuyu ochered' rech' idet o central'noi chasti nashei Galaktiki.
V stat'e ochen' podrobno razobrano chto i kak budet registrirovat' pribor LAT. Ozhidaniya ochen' ser'eznye.
Authors: S. Scorza
Comments: 4 pages, 43rd Rencontres de Moriond - Electroweak Interactions and Unified Theories, La Thuile : Italie (2008)
Kratko opisan eksperiment EDELWEISS-II. On prednaznachen dlya laboratornyh poiskov chastic temnoi materii. V 2006-2007 gg. provodilis' tehnologicheskie progony. V etom planiruetsya pervaya seriya nauchnyh nablyudenii.
Authors: Jean-Marc Casandjian, Isabelle A. Grenier
Comments: 12pages + 23 pages, Accepted in A&A
Avtory pereobrabatyvayut dannye EGRET i sostavlyayut novyi katalog istochnikov. V original'nom variante byl 271 istochnik. V novom - 188. 107 "staryh" istochnikov ne voshli v novyi katalog. S drugoi storony, poyavilos' 30 novyh. Osnovnye izmeneniya svyazany s model'yu mezhzvezdnoi sredy.
Authors: Amy E. Kimball, Zeljko Ivezic
Comments: 42 pages, 22 figures, 8 tables, Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
Avtory predstavlyayut svodnyi katalog po dannyh chetyreh radioobzorov i odnogo opticheskogo. Oni analiziruyut oblast' razmerom poryadka 3000 kvadratnyh gradusov, gde vse obzory peresekayutsya. Neskol'ko tysyach istochnikov iz etoi oblasti byli zaregistrirovany vo vseh obzorah. V osnovnom eto, konechno zhe, galaktiki i kvazary.
Otmechu takzhe stat'yu arxiv:0806.0843, v kotoroi privodyatsya dannye o radioistochnikah, zaregistrirovannyh na VLA v oblasti glubokogo yuzhnogo prokola Chandry. Iz 266 obnaruzhennyh radioistochnikov 52 nablyudalis' i Chandroi. Krome togo, privlecheny dannye opticheskih i IK nablyudenii.
Authors: R. Maiolino
Comments: 42 pages, 21 figures, Lecture notes for the school "AGN at the highest angular resolution: theory and observations" (Torun), eds. A. Marconi and A. Niedzielski Subjects:
ALMA - Atacama Large Millimeter Array. Eto odin iz samyh bol'shih stroyashihsya nazemnyh astronomicheskih proektov. U instrumenta budei mnogo raznyh zadach, i odna iz nih - izuchenie aktivnyh yader galaktik.
V obzore udachno uvyazany otvety na voprosy "chto?", "zachem?" i "kak?". Mnogo vsyakoe poleznoi dostupnoi fenomenologii i tp. Opisany rabotayushie ustanovki i sama ALMA. Detal'no obsuzhdaetsya, chto i zachem ALMA budet izuchat' v plane AYaG. V obshem - dostupno i polezno.
Authors: Vincent Minier et al.
Comments: 19 pages, 2nd ARENA Conference: The Astrophysical Science Cases at Dome C, Potsdam : Allemagne (2006)
Avtory obsuzhdayut usloviya na ploshadke Dome C v Antarktide s tochki zreniya ustanovki bol'shogo instrumenta, rabotayushego v oblasti 100 - 1000 mikron. Takoi instrument dolzhen zanyat' mesto mezhdu kosmicheskim proektom Gershel' (60-500 mikron) i nazemnoi ustanovkoi ALMA (350 mikron - 7 mm). U Gershelya budet malaya sobirayushaya ploshad', a ALMA budet imet' malen'koe pole zreniya (da i usloviya nablyudenii budut ne ideal'ny). S tochki zreniya uslovii nablyudenii mozhno stavit' pribory na sharah ili samoletah, no luchshe, konechno, naiti chto-to podhodyashee na Zemle. Vyvod avtorov sostoit v tom, chto Dome C luchshee v mire mesto dlya takogo teleskopa. Krome togo, obsuzhdayutsya nauchnye zadachi dlya takogo instrumenta (zvezdoobrazovanie, formirirovanie i rannyaya evolyuciya galaktik, malye tela v solnechnoi sisteme i tp.).
Authors: Rob Fender, the LOFAR Transients Key Science Project
Comments: 11 pages, In "Bursts, Pulses and Flickering: wide-field monitoring of the dynamic radio sky", Tzioumis, Lazio & Fender (Eds), Proceedings of Science, 2007
LOFAR - novyi kompleks nizkochastotnyh radioteleskopov, kotoryi dolzhen vstupit' v stroi v blizhaishie gody (tochnee, stancii budut postepenno sooruzhat'sya v neskol'kih evropeiskih stranah, a pervaya uzhe rabotaet). V stat'e privoditsya kratkii obzor proekta i perechislyayutsya osnovnye zadachi. Zatem avtory koncentriruyutsya na odnoi iz nih - monitoringe neba s cel'yu obnaruzheniya vspyhivayushih (tranzientnyh) ob'ektov.
Provodit' nablyudeniya tranzientnyh ob'ektov v radio ochen' trudno, na nizkih chastotah osobenno. Esli LOFAR zarabotaet kak nado, to mozhno ozhidat' ochen' interesnyh otkrytii.
Authors: Gerald K. Skinner
Comments: To be published in "Applied Optics"
Teleskopy s kodiruyushimi maskami aktivno ispol'zuyutsya v rentgenovskom diapazone. Neskol'ko instrumentov seichas na orbite (na sputnikah SWIFT, INTEGRAL), neskol'ko planiruetsya k zapusku v blizhaishie neskol'ko let.
V stat'e rassmatrivaetsya zadacha o raschete predel'nogo potoka ot istochnika, kotoryi eshe budet zaregistrirovan na fone puassonovskogo shuma. Stat'ya dostatochno tehnicheskaya, no, vozmozhno, komu-to prosto budet interesno pochitat' o takom tipe rentgenovskih teleskopov.
Authors: A. D. Falcone et al.
Comments: to appear in Proceedings of Gamma Ray Bursts 2007 Meeting, Santa Fe, New Mexico; 5 pages, 4 figures
Korotkaya zametka, v kotoroi daetsya obzor nablyudenii gamma-vspleskov s pomosh'yu nazemnyh gamma-teleskopah v diapazone poryadka TeV. Eto razdel bol'shogo otcheta. Ego cel' - dat' rekomendacii dlya budushih proektov. Ochen' koncentrirovano opisano tepereshnee sostoyanie del (est' neskol'ko nepodtverzhdennyh slabyh kandidatov), teoreticheskie osnovy, pozvolyayushie nadeyat'sya na registraciyu gamma-vspleskov na vysokih energiyah, i sdelany nekotorye vyvody, kasatel'no budushih nablyudenii.
Authors: Florentin Millour
Comments: 22 pages
Vse znayut o tom, chto radioteleskopy rabotayut v rezhime interferometrov. No ran'she poyavilis' imenno opticheskie pribory etogo tipa, i uzhe v 1921 godu izmerili diametr Betel'geize. Odnako potom primerno polveka opticheskaya interferometriya byla podzabyta-podzabroshena. Seichas v mire rabotaet okolo desyatka opticheskih interferometrov razlichnyh tipov (v stat'e daetsya detal'naya tablica). Sredi nih i Kek (dva 10-metrovyh teleskopa na rasstoyanii 85 metrov drug ot druga), i VLTI (chetyre 9-metrovyh i neskol'ko 1.8-metrovyh s maksimal'noi bazoi 130 metrov).
V obzore daetsya i neobhodimaya teoriya, i privodyatsya detal'nye primery rabotayushih ustanovok, i, konechno, privodyatsya rezul'taty.
Authors: R. Bernabei et al.
Comments: 40 pages, 21 figures, 6 tables
V laboratorii Gran Sasso idet novyi eksperiment po poisku chastic temnoi materii. Eto DAMA/LIBRA (opisanie chitaite v stat'e arxiv:0804.2738). Eto razvitie izvestnogo eksperimenta DAMA, kotoryi neskol'ko let nazad uzhe zayavlyal o tom, chto oni vidyat signal, t.k. imela mesto sezonnaya modulyaciya, kotoruyu avtory proekta ob'yasnyali izmeneniem otnositel'noi skorosti Zemli i chastic temnoi materii v processe vrasheniya nashei planety vokrug Solnca. Seichas avtory snova govoryat o polozhitel'nom rezul'tate uzhe na novoi ustanovke.
Avtory zayavlyayut, chto na urovne vyshe 8 standartnyh otklonenii vidyat godichnuyu modulyaciyu na novoi ustanovke (s uchetom staryh rezul'tatov). Vyvod sdelan na osnove 4-letnih nablyudenii. Interpretaciya: nablyudaetsya signal ot registracii chastic temnoi materii, zapolnyayushih galo nashei Galaktiki.
Razumeetsya, bol'shoi razdel v stat'e posvyashen vozmozhnym sistematicheskim effektam. No v lyubom sluchae, vidimo, pridetsya zhdat' nezavisimogo eksperimenta.
Authors: Enno Middelberg, Uwe Bach
Comments: 77 pages, needs aas_macros.sty
Zamechatel'nyi obzor, i ego vsem sleduet prochest'.
Avtory nachinayut s togo, chto takoe VLBI, dayut osnovy polucheniya o obrabotki dannyh. Zatem opisyvayutsya osnovnye VLIBI sistemy v mire. Posle opisyvayutsya astrofizicheskie prilozheniya: AYaG, dzhety, zvezdy, rentgenovskie dvoinye ... Krome togo, razumeetsya, neobhodimo pogovorit' ob astrometricheskih issledovaniya v ramkah VLBI.
Obzor bol'shoi, podrobnyi, ponyatnyi, s horoshei bibliografiei.
Authors: Joerg R. Hoerandel
Comments: 34 pages, to appear in Reviews of Modern Astronomy
Seichas ustanovki tipa Auger pozvolyayut dostatochno tochno opredelyat' napravleniya prihoda chastic kosmicheskih luchei. V nekotorom smysle, eto nachinaet eru "astronomii chastic vysokoi energii". T.e., my mozhem nadeyat'sya videt' istochniki. Etomu i posvyashen obzor.
Avtor obsuzhdaet vozmozhnye istochniki, rasprostranenie chastic (ved' iz-za togo, chto chasticy zaryazheny oni otklonyayutsya magnitnym polem - i galakticheskim, i mezhgalakticheskim. Krome togo, chasticy mogut vstupat' v reakcii s fotonami (reliktovogo izlucheniya, ili so zvezdnym svetom). Zatem on perehodit k rassmotreniyu detektirovaniya chastii i opisyvaet osnovnye parametry deistvuyushih ustanovok. Dalee rassmotreny dannye po spektru i sostavu kosmicheskih luchei vysokih energii. Nakonec, avtor perehodit k sobstvenno "astronomii kosmicheskih luchei".
Rassmotreny korrelyacii napravlenii prihoda kosmicheskih luchei s razlichnymi astrofizicheskimi istochnikami. Avtor obsuzhdaet naskol'ko eti korrelyacii realistichny, i kak ih mozhno proveryat' v blizhaishem budushem s pomosh'yu novyi eksperimentov.
Authors: Jim Hinton
Comments: 18 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in the New Journal of Physics
Avtor daet obzor metodov nablyudeniya gamma-izlucheniya s pomosh'yu nazemnyh cherenkovskih teleskopov, opisyvaet rabotayushie ustanovki i osnovnye rezul'taty. Proektov upomyanuto nemalo, no pokazatel'no, chto kartinki s rezul'tatmi soderzhat prakticheski tol'ko dannye H.E.S.S.
Authors: WET Collaboration
Comments: 19 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables, MNRAS accepted
V etoi stat'e menya privlekla organizaciya nablyudenii. Whole Earth Telescope - eto kollaboraciya, stavyashaya svoei zadachei provedenie nepreryvnogo monitoringa ob'ektov na neskol'kih nebol'shih (1-2 metra) nezavisimyh teleskopah, raskidannyh po dolgote.
V dannoi rabote rasskazyvaetsya o monitoringe pul'sacii odnogo iz belyh karlikov. Bylo ispol'zovano chetyre teleskopa (Novaya Zelandiya, Yuzhnaya Afrika, Braziliya, Chili). Na risunke pokazana statitstika nablyudenii. Vidno, chto v techenie primerno chetyreh dnei udalos' obespechit' 90-procentnoe nablyudenie (meshala pogoda).
Pokazany momenty provedeniya nablyudeniina kazhdom iz chetyreh teleskopov.
Nepreryvnye nablyudeniya chasto byvayut neobhodimy. Horosho, chto inogda ih taki udaetsya provodit'.
Authors: David N. Burrows et al.
Comments: 9 pages, 14 figures
Predstavlen obzor raboty rentgenovskogo teleskopa (XRT) na bortu sputnika SWIFT. Sputnik rabotaet uzhe chetvertyi god i vpolne uspeshno spravlyaetsya so svoimi zadachami. V chastnosti, s pomosh'yu rentgenovskogo teleskopa otnablyudali bolee 200 poslesvechenii gamma-vspleskov. Krome etogo, na teleskope pronablyudali mnozhestvo "neprofil'nyh" istochnikov: ot komet do aktivnyh yader galaktik.
Authors: Nanda Rea, Silvia Zane, Roberto Turolla, Maxim Lyutikov, Diego Gotz
Comments: 42 pages, 11 figures. ApJ submitted on 2007 December 11
Avtory ispol'zuyut model', v kotoroi neteplovoi spektr magnitarov na energiyah poryadka neskol'kih keV ob'yasnyaetsya rezonansnym rasseyaniem fotonov teplovogo izlucheniya poverhnosti na goryachei magnitosfernoi plazme. Oni sravnivayut model'nye rezul'taty s dannymi po mnogim ARP i MPG (AXP, SGR). Rezul'taty govoryat o tom, chto plotnost' elektronov v magnitosfere na tri poryadka vyshe Goldraih-Dzhulianovskoi plotnosti.
Authors: C.S. Kochanek et al.
Comments: 6 pages, 3 figures, submitted to ApJ
Teoretiki predskazyvayut, chto est' tip kollapsa, ne soprovozhdayushiisya yarkoi vspyshkoi. Takie sobytiya nazyvayut "neudavshimisya sverhnovymi". Byla zvezda - i vdrug BAC! - pustoe mesto (konechno, ostaetsya kompaktnyi ob'ekt, no ego s bol'shogo rasstoyaniya my ne vidim.
V stat'e predlagaetsya krasiveishaya ideya. Iskat' takie sobytiya, provodya monitoring bol'shogo kolichestva yarkih sverhgigantov v blizkih galaktikah. Ocenki pokazyvayut, chto raz v god mozhno nadeyat'sya (esli byt' optimistom), chto odin iz nih "ischeznet".
Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve
ru_astroph
Obsudit' na Astroforume v
Nauchnoi panorame.
Authors: Dan Hooper, Edward A. Baltz
Comments: 25 pages, 5 figures, Review intended for the Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science
Horoshii professional'nyi obzor. Zatronuty vse osnovnye voprosy: kak v teorii (beglo, no dostatochno), tak i v eksperimente. Rasskazyvaetsya i o laboratornyh poiskah chastic, i o gamma-nablyudeniyah, i ob uskoritel'nyh eksperimentah. Obzor rasschitan na specialistov.
Authors: P. N. Best, the LOFAR-UK Consortium
Comments: 6+86 pages. To constrain file-size, many figures are reduced resolution or attached as separate jpg files.
Bol'shoi otchet, posvyashennyi uchastiyu britanskih issledovatel'skih grupp v proekte nizkochastotnogo radioteleskopa LOFAR. Bol'shaya chast' materiala posvyashena nauchnym zadacham, motivaciyam i ozhidaemym rezul'tatam, t.e. nauchnym planam, kotorye svyazyvayut s LOFAR.
Versiya s risunkami v vysokom razreshenii dostupna zdes'.
Authors: S.G. Djorgovski, et al.
Comments: 3 pages, 2 figures, macros included. To appear in refereed proceedings of "Hotwiring the Transient Universe 2007", eds. A. Allan, R. Seaman, and J. Bloom, Astron. Nachr. vol. 329, March, 2008
V korotkoi zametke opisan interesnyi obzor neba Palomar-Quest. Proekt nachalsya v 2003 godu i zakonchitsya v etom. Obzor vedetsya na 48-dyuimovom Shmidte s blokom PZS-matric (vmeste 161 Megapikselei).
Za pervyi etap obzora (on uzhe zakonchen) polucheno izobrazhenie 15 000 kvadratnyh gradusov v neskol'kih fil'trah. Vtoroi etap (idet seichas) vedetsya v odnom (krasnom) fil'tre. Na etom etape vedetsya poisk sverhnovyh (a takzhe drugih tranzientov) i planet.
Vazhno, chto etot obzor ispol'zuet protokoly, razrabotannye dlya Virtual'noi observatorii.
Authors: Andrew C. Becker
Comments: 4 pages. In Proceedings of Hot-wiring the Transient Universe (HTU) 2007. To be published in Astronomische Nachrichten, March 2008
V stat'e rech' idet o budushih nablyudeniyah opticheskih tranzientov (sm., naprimer, saity proektov PAN-STARS, LSST). Ob'em stat'i nevelik, no v perechen' tranzientov popali i iskusstvennye sputniki, i tela Solnechnoi sistemy, i ekzoplanety, i vspyhivayushie zvezdy, i mikrolinzirovanie, i obychnye peremennye zvezdy, i sverhnovye, i opticheskie poslesvecheniya gamma-vspleskov.
Samaya vazhnaya sostavlyayushaya stat'i - eto obsuzhdenie organizacii alertov (t.e. bystryh soobshenii o tranziente) i posleduyushih nablyudenii. Syuda zhe otnosyatsya i problemy klassifikacii.
Authors: Michela Uslenghi et al.
Comments: 6 pages, 5 figures; Chinese Journal for Astronomy and Astrophysics (ChJAA), in press. Invited talk at the Frascati Workshop 2007 Vulcano (Italy), May 28 - June 2 "Multifrequency Behaviour Of High Energy Cosmic Sources"
WSO-UV - eto to, chto kogda-to bylo izvestno kak Spektr-UF. Seichas (po nauchnoi chasti) eto proekt v osnovnom ne rossiiskii. Odnako imenno za Rossiei sozdanie 170-santimetrovogo teleskopa i sobstvenno sputnika, a takzhe zapusk. Priemnaya apparatura budet sozdavat'sya v Germanii, Kitae i Italii. Zapusk namechaetsya na 2011 god. Sozdateli nadeyutsya, chto apparat prorabotaet okolo 10 let.
V stat'e opisyvayutsya osnovnye parametry sputnika i ustanovlennoi na nem apparatury.
Sm. takzhe arxiv:0801.2039.
Authors: M. Dominik et al.
Comments: 4 pages with 2 eps figures embedded. Accepted for publication in Astronomische Nachrichten as part of the Proceedings of the Joint VOEvent & HTN Workshop "Hot-wiring the Transient Universe" held in Tucson, Arizona (US), June 4-7 2007
Napomnyu, chto poka samaya legkaya planeta (s massoi poryadka 5 zemnyh) byla obnaruzhena metodom mikrolinzirovaniya. Zdes', pravda, nuzhno sdelat' odin kommentarii o metode. My govorim o mikrolinzirovanii, kogda odna zvezda linziruetsya drugoi (ili analogichnym ob'ektom: belym karlikom, neitronnoi zvezdoi, chernoi dyroi, burym karlikom i tp.). Sootvetstvenno, uchenye sledyat odnovremenno za millionami zvezd-istochnikov. Esli pryamo pered odnoi iz nih proletit zvezda-linza, to my uvidim vozrastanie bleska zvezdy-istochnika. Esli u linzy est' sputnik (planeta), to na krivoi bleska budet harakternyi pichok. Analiziruya krivuyu bleska mozhno poluchit' raspredelenie veroyatnostei dlya parametrov linzy (i ee sputnika, esli on est'). No kraine redko udaetsya obnaruzhit' samu linzu! Tak chto nesmotrya na svoyu silu metod mikrolinzirovaniya, v smysle poiska ekzoplanet, imeet i sushestvennye nedostatki: i zvezda-linza i ee sputnik chashe vsego ne nablyudayutsya posle sobytiya mikrolinzirovaniya, a parametry ne opredelyayutsya dostatochno dostoverno. Tem ne menee.....
Tem ne menee, v obozrimom budushem tol'ko etot metod mozhet pozvolit' nabrat' bol'shuyu statistiku po legkim planetam. A dlya etogo nado mnogo nablyudat'. A dlya etogo nuzhno mnogo teleskopov-robotov, sovmestnye usiliya i horoshaya obrabotka dannyh. Vot eto-to i yavlyaetsya predmetom stat'i. Vozmozhno, chto i sami zvezdy-linzy udast'sya "vyhvatyvat'".
Authors: J. Lazio
Comments: 4 pages, to appear in proceedings of Hot-wiring the Transient Universe, 2008 March issue of Astronomische Nachrichten
Korotkaya zametka, soderzhashaya polnyi spisok horosho ustanovlennyh radiotranzientov, t.e. ob'ektov, dayushih radiovspyshki ili demonstriruyushie sushestvennuyu peremennost' v svoem radioizluchenii. Eto i planety, i Solnce, i burye karliki i t.d.
Perechislenie etih ob'ektov s kratkimi harakteristikami zanimaet polovinu nebol'shoi zametki. Vtoraya polovina otvedena pod budushie instrumenty, kotorye v blizhaishie gody zarabotayut i dadut bol'shoi vklad v izuchenie radiotranzientov: ATA, EVLA, LWA, LOFAR, MWA.
Authors: Didier Fraix-Burnet
Comments: Dans Proceedings - Science Case for Next Generation Optical/Infrared Interferometric Facilities (the post VLTI era), 37th Li\`ege Int. Astroph. Coll., Li\`ege : Belgique (2004)
Rech' idet ob opticheskih interferometrah. Seichas takie sistemy imeyut bazu poryadka 100 metrov. Dlya resheniya zadach, obsuzhdaemyh avtorom, ponadobyatsya pribory s bazami ot 100 metrov do 10 kilometrov. Prichem, pishet avtor, nado imenno pokryt' etot diapazon: prosto odin pribor s 10-kilometrovoi bazoi vseh problem ne reshit.
Spisok zadach dovol'no velik i interesen: izuchenie zvezdnyh populyacii i skoplenii, ostatki sverhnovyh, gravitacionnye linzy i t.d. i t.p.
Authors: Jelte T. A. de Jong, Konrad H. Kuijken, Philippe Heraudeau
Comments: 8 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Do chego doshel progress! S pomosh'yu skromnyh (2.2 metra) instrumentov lyudi izuchayut peremennye zvezdy v galaktike Centavr A, da eshe nadeyutsya na poiski mikrolinzirovaniya v etoi neblizkoi galaktike! Obnaruzhena 271 peremennaya zvezda. Pokazana effektivnost' metoda nablyudenii.
Authors: pochti dvesti avtorov
Comments: 328 pages, 7.8Mb, Proceedings of the 5th SCINEGHE Workshop, June 18-20, 2007
Celikom vylozhen sbornik trudov konferencii, posvyashennoi gamma-astronomii. Na moi vzglyad, eto pravil'nyi put'. Pechatnye "kirpichi" s trudami konferencii vpolne mozhno otmenit'.
Authors: N. C. Hambly et al.
Comments: 28 pages, 18 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS (2007 November 8)
WFCAM - eto shirokopol'naya infrakrasnaya kamera teleskopa UKIRT. V stat'e opisan arhiv dannyh s etogo pribora.
Authors: Laura Baudis
Comments: 10 pages, 11 figures; submitted for the SUSY07 proceedings
Ochen' horoii obzor po laboratornym metodam poiska chastic temnoi materii. Opisany vse osnovnye metodiki i eksperimenty. Komu interesno, stat'ya legko prevrashaetsya v populyarnuyu.
Authors: J.R. Zaurin et al.
Comments: MNRAS, 12 pages
ULIRGs (UltraLuminous InfraRed Galaxies) - tak nazyvayut galaktiki so svetimostyami, prevyshayushimi v infrakrasnom diapazone LIR > 1012 svetimostei Solnca. Stol' moshnoe izluchenie voznikaet blagodarya pylevym chasticam, pereizluchayushim v infrakrasnom diapazone opticheskoe i ul'trafioletovoe izluchenie aktivnyh galakticheskih yader i oblastei intensivnogo zvezdoobrazovaniya. Samoi blizkoi k nam galaktikoi iz klassa ULIRG yavlyaetsya Arp220 (z = 0.018). Spektroskopicheskih nablyudenii ULIRGs poka nemnogo, i blizost' Arp220 predstavlyaet unikal'nuyu vozmozhnost' dlya izucheniya zvezdnogo sostava etoi galaktiki. Spektry Arp220 byli polucheny avtorami na 4.2 metrovom teleskope WHT. Dlya interpretacii spektrov byli ispol'zovany chislennye modeli populyacionnogo sinteza. Rezul'taty modelirovaniya pokazali, chto v galaktike dominiruet izluchenie zvezd s vozrastami ot 0.5 do 0.9 mlrd let, a takzhe molodyh zvezd s vozrastom menee 0.1 mlrd let. Po mneniyu avtorov, eti zvezdnye naseleniya harakterizuyut aktivnye etapy galakticheskogo sliyaniya, rezul'tat kotorogo my i nablyudaem kak galaktiku Arp220.
Authors: H. Oyaizu et al.
Comments: ApJ, 10 pages
Metody opredeleniya krasnogo smesheniya galaktik na osnove fotometricheskih nablyudenii igrayut vazhnuyu v sovremennoi kosmologii i vnegalakticheskoi astronomii. Spektroskopicheskie krasnye smesheniya naideny dlya milliona galaktik, v to vremya kak cifrovye obzory neba v neskol'kih fil'trah uzhe soderzhat informaciyu o sotnyah millionov galaktik. Prognoz na sleduyushee desyatiletie - neskol'ko milliardov. Podobnaya situaciya stimuliruet razvitie metodov, pozvolyayushih nahodit' krasnye smesheniya galaktik na osnove fotometrii vo mnogih fil'trah. Dannaya rabota posvyashena obsuzhdeniyu oshibok etih metodov i ih sravneniyu s obychnymi spektroskopicheskimi.
Authors: A.L. Melchior & F. Combes
Comments: A&A, 6 pages
Dannaya rabota posvyashena poisku emisionnyh linii molekul CO v treh galaktikah, nahodyashihsya na krasnyh smesheniyah ot 0.4 do 1.5. Nablyudeniya provodilis' na radioteleskope IRAM-30m. Sut' raboty sostoyala v tom, chtoby issledovat' soderzhanie molekulyarnogo vodoroda v galaktikah, aktivno izluchayushih v infrakrasnom diapazone. Odnako ni v odnoi iz galaktik-kandidatov zafiksirovat' sushestvennogo kolichestva molekulyarnogo vodoroda avtoram ne udalos'.
Authors: Michael Rauch et al.
Comments: ApJ, 67 pages
Programme poiska galaktik s emissiei v linii laiman-al'fa ("Lyman-alpha emitters") na teleskope VLT bylo vydeleno v obshei slozhnosti 92 chasa nablyudatel'nogo vremeni. Na krasnyh smesheniyah 2.67 < z < 3.75 naideno 27 galaktik-kandidatov. Avtory ne isklyuchayut, chto naidennye imi galaktiki-kandidaty mogut byt' otozhdestvleny s nasyshennymi laiman-al'fa (Damped Ly-alpha systems) ili laiman-limit sistemami (Lyman Limit systems). Nizkii temp zvezdoobrazovaniya v galaktikah ne protivorechit nizkoi metallichnosti i malomu soderzhaniyu pyli v DLA sistemah i, vozmozhno, ob'yasnyaet neudachnye popytki opticheskogo otozhdestvleniya DLA sistem v proshlom. Avtory ne isklyuchayut, chto naidennye v etom obzore DLA, LLS sistemy i "Lyman-alpha emitters" yavlyayutsya na samom dele raznymi nablyudatel'nymi proyavleniyami odnogo i togo zhe klassa malomassivnyh protogalaktik.
Authors: N. P. H. Nesvadba et al.
Comments: A&A, 7 pages
Nablyudeniya laiman-breik galaktiki (Lyman-break galaxy) Q0347-383 C5 provodilis' na teleskope VLT s pomosh'yu s pomosh'yu infrakrasnogo spektrografa SINFONI. V sisteme otscheta galaktiki poluchennyi spektr sootvetstvoval opticheskomu diapazonu. Byli prostranstvenno razresheny emissionnye linii [OIII] 4959,5007 A and H_beta. Integral'naya spektroskopiya laiman-breik galaktik trebuet bol'shogo kolichestva nablyudatel'nogo vremeni, potomu kazhdaya otdel'naya galaktika predstavlyaet soboi ogromnyi interes. Dannaya rabota yavlyaetsya vsego lish' vtoroi publikaciei na etu temu.
Analiziruya poluchennye dannye, avtory prishli k vyvodu, chto galaktika Q0347-383 C5 skoree vsego predstavlyaet soboi paru laiman-breik galaktik s massoi poryadka 1010 solnechnyh mass kazhdaya, sliyanie kotoryh proizoidet v blizhaishie 100 millionov let. Galakticheskaya sistema Q0347-383 C5 imeet slozhnuyu kinematiku, ne isklyuchena akkreciya mezhgalakticheskogo veshestva. Temp zvezdoobrazovaniya sostavlyaet poryadka 20-40 mass Solnca v god. Soderzhanie kisloroda po analizu emissionnyh linii sootvetstvuet tipichnomu dlya laiman-breik galaktik.
Authors: A. Pope et al.
Comments: ApJ, 59 pages
Dannaya rabota posvyashena infrakrasnoi spektroskopii 13 "submillimetrovyh" galaktik iz "Severnogo polya GOODS-N" (the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey North field), kotoraya stala vozmozhnoi blagodarya infrakrasnomu kosmicheskomu teleskopu Spitzer. "Submillimetrovye" galaktiki byli otkryty v konce 90-h i predstavlyayut soboi odin iz podklassov galaktik s ogromnoi svetimost'yu v infrakrasnom diapazone (ULIRGs). Vopros o tom, chto yavlyaetsya prichinoi etogo izlucheniya - aktivnye galakticheskie yadra ili zvezdoobrazovanie - stal temoi dannoi raboty. Infrakrasnoe izluchenie, prihodyashee ot etih dvuh principial'no raznyh istochnikov, mozhet byt' razdeleno. V chastnosti, molekuly poliaromaticheskih uglevodorodov (PAHs) imeyut unikal'nye spektral'nye harakteristiki, i po nim mozhet byt' opredelen ne tol'ko temp zvezdoobrazovaniya, no i krasnoe smeshenie galaktik.
Rezul'taty raboty pokazali, chto dlya izuchennyh 13 galaktik vklad ot goryachei pyli aktivnyh galakticheskih yader sostavlyaet ne bolee 30 procentov ot obshego izlucheniya. Takim obrazom, v rassmotrennyh galaktikah dominiruet zvezdoobrazovanie. Mediannoe znachenie svetimosti galaktik LIR= 4 x 1012 svetimostei Solnca sootvetstvuet tempu zvezdoobrazovaniya 700 mass Solnca/god. Takoi ekstremal'nyi temp privodit k formirovaniyu galaktiki massoi 1011 mass Solnca vsego za 100 mln let. Po mneniyu avtorov, etot rezul'tat mozhet byt' interpretirovan kak to, chto "submillimetrovye" galaktiki ne yavlyayutsya otdel'nym podklassom galaktik, a predstavlyayut soboi vsego lish' kratkuyu fazu evolyucii massivnyh galaktik.
Authors: A. Begum et al.
Comments: MNRAS, 9 pages
V rabote priveden analiz nablyudatel'nyh dannyh po karlikovoi irregulyarnoi galaktike NGC 3741. Izuchiv raspredelenie neitral'nogo vodoroda HI, izobrazhenie v linii H_alpha i soderzhanie kisloroda v mezhzvezdnoi srede, avtory prishli k vyvodu, chto NGC 3741 predstavlyaet soboi protyazhennyi gazovyi disk (8.8 radiusov Holmberga). Polnaya massa neizluchayushei materii prevyshaet zvezdnuyu v 149 raz, tem ne menee otnoshenie barionov k samoi temnoi materii tipichno dlya etogo klassa galaktik. U galaktiki sformirovan central'nyi bar i est' protyazhennaya gazovaya spiral'naya vetv'. NGC 3741 evolyucioniruet ochen' medlenno. Srednii temp zvezdoobrazovaniya sostavlyaet 0.0034 solnechnyh mass/god. Po ocenke avtorov, NGC 3741 ne sil'no otlichaetsya ot drugih karlikovyh irregulyarnyh galaktik, poskol'ku naidennye parametry yavlyayutsya tipichnymi.
Authors: Tsuneta, et al
Comments: 41 pages
Hinode - eto pereimenovannyi Solar-B. Opticheskii teleskop na ego bortu - krupneishii solnechnyi instrument takogo tipa. Sputnik letaet (s sentyabrya 2006 goda) i uspeshno rabotaet. Opisanie teleskopa - v stat'e.
O nekotoryh rezul'tatah, poluchennyh na etom instrumente, mozhno prochest' tut: Properties of high-degree oscillation modes of the Sun observed with Hinode/SOT.
Authors: R. Luna et al.
Comments: A&A, 25 pages
Priroda diffuznyh polos poglosheniya ostaetsya nereshennoi problemoi fiziki mezhzvezdnoi sredy. V opticheskom i infrakrasnom diapazonah sovremennye katalogi naschityvayut uzhe bolee dvuhsot takih polos, no vopros, kakie imenno molekuly otvetstvenny za pogloshenie, ostaetsya otkrytym. Naibolee veroyatnymi kandidatami nazyvayut slozhnye ogranicheskie molekuly. Sushestvuet principial'naya raznica mezhdu polosami poglosheniya, formiruyushimisya v diffuznoi MZS i v protyazhennyh obolochkah post-AGB zvezd. Fizicheskie usloviya (plotnost', uroven' ionizacii, himicheskii sostav gaza) v etih sluchayah sovershenno razlichny. Opisat' sostoyanie diffuznoi MZS na osnove nablyudenii chasto ochen' trudno, zato opredelit' sostav gaza i pyli v obolochkah post-AGB zvezd v poslednie gody stalo vozmozhnym. Nablyudeniya diffuznyh polos poglosheniya v atmosferah post-AGB zvezd (esli oni tam est'!) mogli by proyasnit' obshii mehanizm formirovaniya diffuznyh polos v MZS. Imenno etoi celi posvyashena dannaya rabota.
Nablyudeniya provodilis' v techenie 1993-2003 gg na teleskopah WHT 4.2m, TNG 3.58m, VLT 8m, NTT 3.5m, ESO 1.52m. Avtorami byli polucheny spektry vysokogo razresheniya dlya 33 post-AGB zvezd v opticheskom intervale dlin voln 4000-10000 A. Tipichnoe vremya ekspozicii sostavilo okolo poluchasa, otnoshenie S/N 20-200. Cel'yu nablyudenii byl poisk devyati naibolee sil'nyh difuznyh polos poglosheniya na dlinah voln 5780, 5797, 5850, 6196, 6284, 6379, 6614, 6993 i 7224 A. Ni odnoi iz devyati polos v obolochkah 33 post-AGB zvezd obnaruzheno ne bylo. Razdelenie zvezd na gruppy v zavisimosti ot spektral'nogo klassa i himicheskogo sostava obolochki (uglerodnye ili kislorodnye zvezdy) takzhe ne pozvolilo vyyavit' kakoi-libo korrelyacii. Po mneniyu avtorov, diffuznye polosy v obolochkah post-AGB zvezd libo otsutstvuyut voobshe, libo slishkom slaby dlya togo, chtoby ih mozhno bylo zafiksirovat' sovremennymi priborami. Himicheskii sostav zvezdnyh obolochek i usloviya, otlichnye ot tipichnyh uslovii v diffuznoi MZS, veroyatno, privodyat k tomu, chto molekuly, vyzyvayushie diffuznye polosy, v atmosferah post-AGB zvezd prosto ne formiruyutsya.
Authors: Kim K. Nilsson
Comments: PhD thesis, 138 pages
Dissertaciya Kima Nilsona summiruet bol'shoi ob'em informacii o "Ly-alpha emitters" - galaktikah, otkrytyh blagodarya emissii v linii laiman-al'fa (u galaktik na krasnyh smesheniyah z > 2 liniya laiman-al'fa smeshena v opticheskii ili blizkii infrakrasnyi diapazon). Rabota posvyashena kak poisku galaktik na z~3 v yuzhnom pole "GOODS-S", tak i obsuzhdeniyu tehnicheskih i teoreticheskih detalei budushego proekta poiska "Ly-alpha emitters" na krasnyh smesheniyah z~9. Osoboe vnimanie udeleno opisaniyu selekcionnyh metodov.
Authors: Carey Lisse et al.
Comments: 29 pages, 17 figures, to appear in "Science Opportunities for the Warm Spitzer Mission"
V nachale 2009 goda na kosmicheskoi IK observatorii im. Spitcera zakonchitsya "holodnyi period", t.k. zakonchitsya kriogen. Odnako teleskop budet rabotat' i dal'she. Dlya obsuzhdeniya zadach na "teplyi period" byla provedena konferenciya.
V dannoi stat'e iz materialov etoi konferencii rassmatrivaetsya, chto Spitcer mozhet skazat' ob ustroistve i proishozhdenii Solnechnoi sistemy. V osnovnom rech' idet ob issledovaniyah komet, ob'ektov poyasa Koipera i tp.
Authors: B.P. Wakker et al.
Comments: ApJ Let, 12 pages
Evolyuciya galaktik polnost'yu opredelyaetsya kolichestvom mezhzvezdnogo gaza. Chem bol'she gaza, tem bolee prodolzhitel'na evolyuciya. Strogoi granicy mezhdu galaktikami i mezhgalakticheskoi sredoi ne sushestvuet, proishodit postoyannyi obmen. Obogashennyi metallami gaz pokidaet galaktiku v vide galakticheskogo vetra, a nizkometallichnyi gaz akkreciruetsya iz mezhgalakticheskoi sredy. Nalichie akkrecii gaza s nizkim soderzhaniem tyazhelyh elementov kosvenno sleduet iz modelei himicheskoi evolyucii, poskol'ku nalichie akkrecii neobhodimo dlya ob'yasneniya obshirnogo nablyudatel'nogo materiala. Neposredstvennym dokazatel'stvom popolneniya Galaktiki gazom sluzhit sushestvovanie vysokoskorostnyh oblakov (VSO) - protyazhennyh oblakov neitral'nogo gaza, imeyushih skorost' poryadka 100 km/s otnositel'no Galaktiki. Avtory dannoi raboty proanalizirovali rasstoyanie do sistemy oblakov "kompleks S". Dannaya stat'ya - prodolzhenie ih rabot na etu temu (k primeru, astro-ph 0709.1926). Sut' metoda prosta: v napravlenii vysokoskorostnogo oblaka vybirayutsya zvezdy, rasstoyaniya do kotoryh izvestny s horoshei tochnost'yu. Ocenku rasstoyaniya do oblaka mozhno poluchit', izuchaya linii mezhzvezdnogo poglosheniya v spektrah etih zvezd. Nablyudeniya provedeny avtorami v observatoriyah McDonald, Keck i WHT. V rabote ispol'zovany dannye radionablyudenii. Po mneniyu avtorov, rasstoyanie do oblaka "kompleks S" nahoditsya v predelah ot 3.7 kpk (po drugoi ocenke 6.7 kpk) do 11.2 kpk. Ocenka rasstoyaniya provedena vpervye. Bol'shoi interval v neskol'ko kiloparsek svyazan kak s protyazhennost'yu samogo oblaka, imeyushego bol'shoi uglovoi diametr, tak i s neobhodimost'yu utochneniya etogo rezul'tata s pomosh'yu dal'neishih nablyudenii. Metallichnost' "kompleksa S" sostavlyaet 15% ot solnechnoi. Izmerenie kolichestva neitral'nogo vodoroda vdol' oblaka po luchu zreniya pozvolilo ocenit' massu neitral'nogo vodoroda. Nablyudenii v linii H_alpha pokazali, chto soderzhanie neitral'nogo i ionizovannogo gaza v oblake primerno odinakovy. Obshaya ocenka massy oblaka sostavila 3.-14. x 106 solnechnyh mass, chto sootvetstvuet tempu akkrecii 0.1-0.25 mass Solnca/god. Obshii temp akkrecii mezhgalakticheskogo gaza Galaktikoi ocenivaetsya kak 1 massa Solnca/god, potomu vklad oblaka "kompleks S" sostavlyaet ot 10 do 25%. Rasstoyanie do vysokoskorostnyh oblakov ostavalos' zagadkoi dolgoe vremya. Sovremennye nablyudeniya pokazyvayut, chto VSO nahodyatsya v predelah galo Galaktiki, a ih nizkaya metallichnost' i napravlenie dvizheniya podtverzhdayut tot fakt, chto Galaktika na protyazhenii vsei evolyucii nepreryvno "podpityvaetsya" gazom izvne. Zadachei posleduyushih issledovanii budet postroenie trehmernoi karty raspredeleniya VSO.
Authors: Volker Beckmann
Comments: 10 pages. Invited review to appear in the proceedings of the 10th ICATPP conference, Como, Italy, October 8-12, 2007
Kak vremya letit! Vot uzhe pyat' let otrabotal sputnik INTEGRAL. Za eto vremya na nem sdelano mnogo interesnyh otkrytii. Na moi vzglyad, samoe interesnoe - eto obnaruzhenie zhestkih hvostov v spektrah magnitarov. No eto ochen' sub'ektivnyi vzglyad. Svoe mnenie vy smozhete sostavit', oznakomivshis' s predlagaemym obzorom.
Authors: R. Salvaterra, S. Campana, G. Chincarini, S. Covino, G. Tagliaferri
Comments: 6 pages, 2 figures, MNRAS in press
Avtory zadayutsya voprosom: kakim dolzhen byt' ideal'nyi instrument dlya poiska gamma-vspleskov s bol'shim krasnym smesheniem. Takie vspleski pomogli by uznat' mnogo interesnogo ob epohe reionizacii.
Ideal'nyi instrument sravnivaetsya s vozmozhnostyami sovremennyh priborov, a takzhe teh, kotorye poletyat v blizhaishem budushem. Po mneniyu avtorov ni INTEGRAL, ni GLAST ne smogut tut pomoch', a vot EXIST smozhet uvidet' dostatochnoe kolichestvo dalekih gamma-vspleskov.
Sm. nizhe stat'yu o chuvstvitel'nosti EXIST k gamma-vspleskam.
Authors: R. N. Manchester
Comments: 9 pages, 6 figures, Proceedings of "40 Years of Pulsars: Millisecond Pulsars, Magnetars and More", Montreal, August 2007
Pul'sary "chuvstvuyut" gravitacionnye volny. Buduchi tochnymi chasami, oni "sbivayutsya", kogda prohodit gravvolna (krome togo, sboi budet nablyudat'sya i togda, kogda volna prohodit cherez Zemlyu). Poetomu, nablyudaya neskol'ko pul'sarov s horosho izvestnym taimingom, mozhno dat' ogranicheniya na gravvolny. T.e., pul'sary rabotayut kak gravitacionnye detektory. PPTA (Parkes Pulsar Timing Array) - eto kak raz nabor iz 20 ob'ektov dlya podobnyh issledovanii. Provodyatsya regulyarnye nablyudeniya etih pul'sarov, chto i pozvolyaet delat' vsyakie interesnye vyvody po povodu gravvoln (i ne tol'ko gravvoln, kstati). Poka, konechno, rech' idet tol'ko o verhnih predelah, no ved' i detektory poka nikakogo polozhitel'nogo rezul'tata v registracii gravsignala ne dali :)
Authors: Arvind C. Ranade et al.
Comments: BASI, 26 pages
Predstavleny rezul'taty nablyudenii, provedennyh na indiiskom infrakrasnom 1.2 m teleskope GIRT (Gurushikhar Infrared Telescope). Avtorami privedena biblioteka infrakrasnyh spektrov dlya 126 zvezd spektral'nyh tipov O5-M8 i klassov svetimosti I-V. Vse spektry byli polucheny v polose J s razresheniem 12.5 A. Dannaya publikaciya yavlyaetsya tret'ei v serii rabot na etu temu. Ranee opublikovany spektry 135 zvezd v polose H s razresheniem 16 A (Ranade et al, 2004) i spektry 114 zvezd v polose K s razresheniem 22 A (Ranade et al., 2007). Polnost'yu biblioteka spektrov zvezd v infrakrasnyh polosah J, H & K summirovana v v vide ASCII tablic i dostupna na avtorskom veb-saite po adresu http://vo.iucaa.ernet.in/~voi/NIR_Header.html
Authors: T. Wiklind et al.
Comments: ApJ, 65 pages
Vopros o tom, kak i kogda cformirovalis' pervye galaktiki, yavlyaetsya odnim iz naibolee obsuzhdaemyh v sovremennoi vnegalakticheskoi astronomii. Stat'ya posvyashena poisku galaktik na krasnyh smesheniyah z > 5. Avtory rabotali s uchastkom zvezdnogo neba, nazyvaemym yuzhnym polem GOODS (the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey). Eta ploshadka nablyudalas' raznymi teleskopami v raznyh diapazonah. Bylo zadeistvovano v obshei slozhnosti 12 fotometricheskih fil'trov, nachinaya ot opticheskogo diapazona HST (B, V, i, z), blizhnego infrakrasnogo VLT (J, H, Ks) do infrakrasnogo diapazona Spitzer (3.6 mkm, 4.5 mkm, 5.0 mkm, 8.0 mkm, 24. mkm). Poisk dalekih galaktik osushestvlyalsya po dvuhshagovoi metodike. Predvaritel'naya selekciya byla provedena na osnove fotometrii, a zatem veroyatnye galaktiki-kandidaty na z > 5 otbiralis' putem sravneniya fotometrii s rezul'tatami modelei galakticheskoi evolyucii. Po analogii s ideei poiska Laiman-breik galaktik (Lyman Break Galaxies), avtory razrabotali metodiku poiska Bal'mer-breik galaktik (Balmer Break Galaxies). Sut' metoda v tom, chto nalichie ili otsutsvie Bal'merovskogo skachka v spektre galaktiki (na 3648 A v galakticheskoi sisteme otscheta) napryamuyu zavisit ot vozrasta zvezdnogo naseleniya. Bal'merovskii skachok mozhet byt' ispol'zovan dlya poiska galaktik na lyubyh krasnyh smesheniyah, vopros v tom, kakaya imenno kombinaciya fil'trov budet podobrana. V kachestve osnovnoi diagnostiki avtorami byl ispol'zovan pokazatel' cveta (Ks-3.6 mkm), poskol'ku dlya galaktik na z > 5 Bal'merovskii skachok (3648 A) smeshaetsya v blizkii ifrakrasnyi diapazon. Na osnove predvaritel'noi fotometrii byli otobrany 134 galaktiki. Dal'neishee sravnenie fotometricheskih dannyh s modelyami populyacionnogo sinteza umen'shilo etot spisok do 11. Vse galaktiki-kandidaty nahodyatsya na krasnyh smesheniyah 4.9 < z < 6.5. Ih zvezdnaya massa ocenena avtorami v predelah (0.5-5.) x 1011 solnechnyh mass, a vozrast v predelah 0.2 - 1.0 mlrd let. Vse galaktiki ochen' kompaktny. Esli avtorskie ocenki verny, nalichie stol' massivnyh evolyucioniruyushih galaktik na bol'shih krasnyh smesheniyah podtverzhdaet predpolozhenie o tom, chto zvezdoobrazovanie v rannei Vselennoi prohodilo vo mnogo raz intensivnee, chem v nashe vremya.
Authors: Joeri van Leeuwen, Ben Stappers
Comments: 3 pages, Proceedings of "40 Years of Pulsars: Millisecond Pulsars, Magnetars, and More" (12-17 August 2007 at McGill, Montreal Canada)
Po suti, predstavlen populyacionnyi sintez radiopul'sarov dlya opredeleniya togo, chto smozhet uvidet' sistema teleskopov LOFAR, nachinayushaya rabotat' v sleduyushem godu.
Dlya blizkih slabyh pul'sarov mozhno ozhidat' nekotorgo proryva (krome togo, polagayu, oni smogut uvidet' Velikolepnuyu Semerku, ili postavit' OChEN' zhestkie predely, takzhe ochen' vazhno otnablyudat' Calvera).
Takzhe avtory obsuzhdayut nablyudenie pul'sarov v drugih galaktikah. V predelah odnogo megaparseka (ili dazhe chut' dal'she) mozhno ozhidat' otkrytie samyh yarkih pul'sarov.
Authors: Sara Ellison1 et al.
Comments: MNRAS, 5 pages
Priroda diffuznyh linii poglosheniya (diffuse bands) ostaetsya odnoi iz nereshennyh zadach spektroskopii. Proshozhdenie ih svyazano s nekimi mehanizmami poglosheniya v mezhzvezdnoi srede, poskol'ku intensivnost' etih linii chetko korreliruet s velichinoi mezhzvezdnogo poglosheniya E(B-V) i koncentraciei neitral'nogo vodoroda na luche zreniya N(HI). V Galaktike i Magellanovyh Oblakah diffuznye linii poglosheniya nablyudayutsya na dlinah voln 4428, 5705, 5780, 5797, 6284, 6613 A. Naibolee veroyatnym ob'yasneniem diffuznyh polos schitayut slozhnye organicheskie molekuly. Tak nazyvaemye absorbcionnye sistemy Ca II - eto udalennye galaktiki, kotorye nablyudayutsya tol'ko v liniyah poglosheniya v spektrah kvazarov. Oni kak raz harakterizuyutsya bol'shim soderzhaniem neitral'nogo vodoroda N(HI) i sushestvennym znacheniem E(B-V). Eti sistemy mogut byt' polezny v kachestve instrumenta izucheniya diffuznyh linii poglosheniya na kosmologicheskih rasstoyaniyah, i tem samym dlya izucheniya svoistv mezhzvezdnoi sredy v dalekih galaktikah.
V dannoi rabote predprinyata imenno takaya popytka. Na teleskope VLT byli provedeny nablyudeniya 9 absorbcionnyh sistem CaII (galaktik), nahodyashihsya na krasnyh smesheniyah 0.07 < zabs < 0.55. Diffuznaya polosa na 5780 A byla detektirovana tol'ko dlya odnoi galaktiki, nahodyasheisya na krasnom smeshenii z=0.1556 v napravlenii kvazara J0013-0024. Eto vtoroi izvestnyi sluchai obnaruzheniya diffuznoi linii poglosheniya na kosmologicheskom rasstoyanii. V predpolozhenii galakticheskih svoistv mezhzvezdnoi sredy, avtory ocenili, chto dlya etoi galaktiki soderzhanie neitral'nogo vodoroda prevyshaet logN(H I) > 20.9 sm-2, a E(B-V)=0.23 mag. Eti ocenki kosvenno podtverzhdayut obshee predstavlenie o sistemah CaII kak galaktikah, imeyushih naibol'shuyu sredi absorbcionnyh sistem N(H I) i zapylennost'. Perspektivy dal'neishih nablyudenii avtory svyazyvayut imenno s etimi sistemami, hotya s nablyudatel'noi tochki zreniya eto predstavlyaet soboi ochen' slozhnuyu zadachu. Ekvivalentnaya shirina linii 5780 A dlya galaktiki s E(B-V) = 0.1 mag sostavlyaet vsego 30 mA, a eto men'she sovremennogo predela detektirovaniya v 2-3 raza. Poetomu obnaruzhenie diffuznyh polos poglosheniya naibolee veroyatno tol'ko v absobcionnyh sistemah s naibol'shim soderzhaniem pyli.
Authors: M. Henze et al.
Comments: A&A, 29 pages
Sistematicheskii poisk tak nazyvaemyh novyh zvezd v galaktike M31 vpervye byl nachat Edvinom Habblom v 1929 i ne prekrashaetsya do sih por. Takoi monitoring trebuet bol'shogo kolichestva nablyudatel'nogo vremeni, poetomu arhivnye shmidtovskie plastinki po-prezhnemu imeyut bol'shuyu nablyudatel'nuyu cennost'. Avtory dannoi raboty ocifrovali 306 takih plastin, poluchiv tem samym dostup k dannym za 36 let nablyudenii s 1960 po 1996 god. Razrabotannyi avtorami avtomatizirovannyi analiz krivyh bleska pozvolil im vydelit' 84 kandidata v novye zvezdy. Polozheniya zvezd opredeleny s tochnost'yu 0."4. Krivye bleska novyh zvezd dostupny na sootvetstvuyushem veb-saite. Provedennyi avtorami analiz pokazal, chto pri sootvetstvuyushei obrabotke starye shmidtovskie plastiny mogut byt' ves'ma polezny.
Authors: M. Corbin et al.
Comments: ApJ, 35 pages
CGCG 269-049 eto izolirovannaya karlikovaya galaktika nizkoi poverhnostnoi yarkosti s ekstremal'no maloi metallichnost'yu mezhzvezdnoi sredy vsego 3% ot solnechnoi, nahodyashayasya ot nas na rasstoyanii okolo 4.9 Mpk.
Malaya metallichnost' MZS mozhet byt' vyzvana kak medlennoi evolyuciei galaktiki s nizkim tempom zvezdoobrazovaniya, tak i ee molodost'yu i aktivnym zvezdoobrazovaniem, soprovozhdaemym vymetayushim metally galakticheskim vetrom. Sravnitel'naya blizost' k nam CGCG 269-049 predostavlyaet prekrasnuyu vozmozhnost' ee detal'nogo izucheniya. Naibolee vazhno to, chto s pomosh'yu nablyudenii na kosmicheskih teleskopah ona mozhet byt' razreshena na zvezdy, a eto pozvolilo by dokazat' nalichie ili otsutstvie v galaktike starogo zvezdnogo naseleniya.
Chtoby razobrat'sya v etom voprose, avtory dannoi raboty predstavili analiz glubokih snimkov, poluchennyh na teleskopah HST i Spitzer. Habblovskie snimki nemedlenno vyyavili bol'shoe kolichestvo krasnyh gigantov i zvezd na asimptoticheskoi vetvi gigantov. Etot fakt polnost'yu isklyuchaet molodost' CGCG 269-049. Infrakrasnyi spektr CGCG 269-049 na dlinah voln 3.6-70 mkm, poluchennyi s pomosh'yu teleskopa Spitzer, sootvetstvuet zvezdnomu naseleniyu vozrastom 10 mlrd let i teplovomu izlucheniyu pyli s temperaturoi 72K. Radionablyudeniya galaktiki v linii neitral'nogo vodoroda HI pokazali nalichie simmetrichnoi struktury s radiusom, v neskol'ko raz prevyshayushim opticheskii. Eto govorit o tom, chto zvezdoobrazovanie v CGCG 269-049 ne vyzvano prilivnymi effektami, nesmotrya na blizost' drugoi karlikovoi galaktiki UGC 7298 na rasstoyanii 14.5 kpk. Snimki galaktiki v linii H_alpha, yavlyayusheisya indikatorom molodogo zvezdnogo naseleniya, ne pokazyvayut nalichiya sil'nogo galakticheskogo vetra. Dolya neitral'nogo vodoroda v glaktike CGCG 269-049 prevyshaet zvezdnuyu massu v 10 raz. Vse vyshe perechislennye fakty govoryat o tom, chto ekstremal'no malaya metallichnost' dannoi galaktiki yavlyaetsya sledstviem kraine zamedlennogo zvezdoobrazovaniya, a ne rezul'tatom ee molodosti i poteri tyazhelyh elementov v rezul'tate galakticheskogo vetra.
Authors: A. Buzzoni et al.
Comments: 8 pages, Invited contribution to "New quests in stellar astrophysics. II: Ultraviolet properties of evolved stellar populations" (Puerto Vallarta, Mexico, Apr 2007),
Pri nablyudeniyah galaktik na bol'shih krasnyh smesheniyah ul'trafioletovaya chast' spektrov smeshaetsya v opticheskii diapazon. Poetomu detali i harakter evolyucii dalekih galaktik v korotkovolnovoi oblasti izucheny namnogo luchshe. Dlya analiza spektrov dalekih galaktik v kachestve obrazcov (galactic templates) ispol'zuyutsya ul'trafioletovye spektry blizkih galaktik, poluchennye so sputnikov. V takom empiricheskom podhode lokal'nye svoistva galaktik prosto ekstrapoliruyutsya na bol'shie krasnye smesheniya. Al'ternativnyi sposob poyavilsya sovsem nedavno. Blagodarya progressu v modelirovanii zvezdnyh atmosfer, byli sozdany biblioteki zvezdnyh spektrov i dlya korotkovolnovoi (<3000 angstrem) oblasti, kotorye teper' mogut byt' ispol'zovany dlya sozdaniya model'nyh galakticheskih spektrov. Var'iruya te ili inye parametry, mozhno budet dobit'sya luchshego sovpadeniya nablyudaemyh i model'nyh spektrov, tochnee opisat' svoistva dalekih galaktik. Avtorami predstavleny pervye rezul'taty takogo modelirovaniya, detal'noe opisanie proekta gotovitsya k publikacii (Bertone et al., 2007).
Authors: Enrico Costa et al.
Comments: 10 pages, 9 figures, Proceedings of SPIE Optics + Photonics 2007 Conference - San Diego, vol. 6686-32 Subjects: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
HXXT - planiruemyi kitaiskii rentgenovskii sputnik. V stat'e opisany raboty po sozdaniyu polyarizacionnogo detektora. Poka, k sozhaleniyu, vse popytki zapustit' chto-to s horoshim detektorom polyarizacii v rentgenovskom diapazone okanchivalis' neudachei. A sdelat' eto nado! Dannye po polyarizacii dadut ochen' vazhnuyu informaciyu o processah, proishodyashih v rentgenovskih istochnikah. Krome togo, tehnicheski ochen' trudno sozdat' horoshii polyarimetr dlya stol' zhestkogo diapazona.
Authors: Glen H. Fountain et al.
Comments: 33 pages, 13 figures, 4 tables; To appear in a special volume of Space Science Reviews on the New Horizons mission
Special'nyi vypusk zhurnala Space Science Reviews posvyashen sputniku New Horizons. Prakticheski vse stat'i vylozheny (ili budut vylozheny) v Arhiv. Zdes' my ob'edinyaem ih, nachinaya so stat'i s opisaniem samogo apparata.
Drugie stat'i.
arxiv:0709.4261 - Overview of
the New Horizons Science Payload. Opisany nauchnye instrumenty na bortu
sputnika.
arxiv:0709.4270 -
New Horizons: Anticipated Scientific Investigations at the Pluto System.
Opisany planiruemye nablyudeniya i nekotorye ozhidaemye rezul'taty.
arxiv:0709.4279 -
ALICE: The Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph aboard the New Horizons
Pluto-Kuiper Belt Mission. Podrobno opisan odin iz priborov - bortovoi
spektrograf.
arxiv:0709.4281 -
Ralph: A Visible/Infrared Imager for the New Horizons Pluto/Kuiper Belt
Mission. Opisanie drugogo pribora, kotoryi budet poluchat' IK izobrazheniya i
snimki v vidimom svete.
arxiv:0709.4417 -
The New Horizons Pluto Kuiper belt Mission: An Overview with Historical
Context. Eshe odno opisanie missii, no s neskol'ko drugoi tochki zreniya.
arxiv:0709.4428 -
The Pluto Energetic Particle Spectrometer Science Investigation (PEPSSI) on
the New Horizons Mission. Snova opisanie pribora. On budet opredelyat'
svoistva popavshih v nego chastic solnechnogo vetra i vsego, chto boltaetsya
okolo Plutona.
arxiv:0709.4505 -
The Solar Wind Around Pluto (SWAP) Instrument Aboard New Horizons.
Opisanie eshe odnogo pribora. On prednaznachen dlya issledovaniya vzaimodeistviya
solnechnogo vetra s ionami iz atmosfery Plutona.
Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve
ru_astroph
Obsudit' na Astroforume v
Nauchnoi panorame.
Authors: D. R. Lorimer et al.
Comments: 18 pages, 4 figures. Accepted by Science. Published electronically via Science Express on September 27, 2007
Pul'sarnye obzory teper' pozvolyayut iskat' edinichnye radiovspleski ochen' korotkoi dlitel'nosti. Ob etom, skazhem, davno mechtali lyudi, izuchayushie gamma-vspleski (mozhno posmotret' stat'i Lipunova na etu temu, naprimer). Pravda, poka iskt' mozhno tol'ko na ochen' malen'kih ploshadkah, no eto uzhe koe-chto.
Analiz arhivnyh dannyh pokazal nalichie ochen' yarkogo (30 Yanskih!) korotkogo (menee 5 millisekund) vspleska. Avtory utverzhdayut, chto vsplesk vnegalakticheskii.
Ocenki avtorov pokazyvayut, chto na nebe mozhet proishodit' neskol'ko soten takih vspleskov v den' (znachit, kstati, eto ne gamma-vspleski), tol'ko naiti ih trudno.
Authors: Tuneyoshi Kamae et al.
Comments: 11 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables
Opisan novyi detektor. Pervye polety zaplanirovany na 2010 god. Avtory nadeyutsya, chto s ego pomosh'yu mozhno budet sushestvenno prodvinut'sya v modelyah izlucheniya radiopul'sarov i v nekotoryh drugih oblastyah. Kak yasno iz nazvaniya stat'i, zapuskat' detektor budut na vysotnyh ballonah.
Authors: Stephen C. Unwin et al.
Comments: 54 pages, 28 figures, uses emulateapj. Submitted to PASP
Chto zh, lyudi hotyat imet' parallaksy s tochnost'yu 4 mikrosekundy dugi dlya ob'ektov do 20 zvezdnoi velichiny. Ozhidaetsya, chto sputnik SIM PlanetQuest smozhet eto delat'. Avtory obsuzhdayut, kakie novye rezul'taty mozhno poluchit' s pomosh'yu takogo instrumenta.
Authors: K. M. Menten et al.
Comments: 13 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Astronomy & Astrophyiscs
S pomosh'yu VLBA izmeren trigonometricheskii parallaks dlya neskol'kih chlenov skopleniya v tumannosti Oriona. Rasstoyanie ravno 414+/-7 pk.
Authors: H. Krawczynski et al.
Comments: 4 pages, Proceedings of the 30th ICRC, Merida, Mexico, July 2007
V svyazi s burnym razvitiem nazemnoi gamma-astronomii astrofizicheskoe podrazdelenie Amerikanskogo fizicheskogo obshestva zakazalo podorbnyi otchet (t.n. "beluyu knigu") po etoi teme. V korotkoi zametke avtory opisyvayut rabotu gruppy, zanimayusheisya sostavleniem otcheta.
Authors: Gustavo Medina-Tanco, for the Pierre Auger Collaboration
Comments: Proc. of the 30th Int. Cosmic Ray Conference, Merida, Mexico, July 2007
Dlya yuzhnoi (argentinskoi) chasti observatorii imeni P'era Ozhe zaplanirovan vvod v stroi novyh detektorov. Kak ni stranno, no cel'yu yavlyaetsya ne dvizhenie v storonu registracii bolee energichnyh kosmicheskih luchei, a naoborot. Delo v tom, chto luchi s energiei menee 1018 eV registriruyutsya ne slishkom horosho. Ved' iznachal'noi cel'yu byli imenno luchi sverhvysokih energii! Teper' uchenye hotyat protyanut' chuvstvitel'nost' priborov v storonu bolee nizkih energii (razumeetsya, sdelat' eto gorazdo proshe, chem povyshat' veroyatnost' registracii bolee energichnyh chastic).
Novovvedenie pozvolit izuchat' na observatorii oblasti spektra, nazyvaemye "vtorym kolenom" i "lodyzhka" (iznachal'no byl vveden termin "koleno", otrazhayushii izlom v spektre). Bezuslovno, ochen' vazhno poluchat' dannye v dostatochno shirokom diapazone v ramkah odnogo i togo zhe eksperimenta.
Authors: Hiroyasu Tajima
Comments: 14 pages, 21 figures, Invited Talk at 11th Vienna Conference on Instrumentation, Vienna, Austria, February 19-24, 2007, To be published in Nuclear Instruments and Methods A
Avtor daet obzor sovremennyh eksperimentov v oblasti kosmicheskih luchei: observatoriya im. Ozhe, PAMELA, ICECUBE, ANITA, rassmatrivaet cherenkovskie teleskopy (CANGAROO, HESS, MAGIC, VERITAS), zatem rech' idet o sputnike GLAST.
Authors: H. Murakami et al.
Comments: 13 pages, 4 figures, and 3 tables. Accepted for publication in the AKARI special issue of the Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
V 2006 godu byl zapushen yaponskii sputnik AKARI, prednaznachennyi dlya infrakrasnyh nablyudenii. Na bortu est' 70-santimetrovyi ohlazhdaemyi teleskop. Missiya dostatochno uspeshno rabotaet.
Pervomu godu raboty apparata budet posvyashen special'nyi nomer PASJ (zhurnal astronomicheskogo obshestva Yaponii). Navernoe, vse stat'i nomera poyavyatsya v Arhive, no nachinat', konechno, luchshe s etoi stat'i, soderzhashei obshee opisanie missii. Rezul'taty otdel'nyh nablyudenii, a takzhe opisanie raboty razlichnyh uzlov sputnika mozhno naiti v drugih stat'yah.
Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve
ru_astroph.
Obsudit' na Astroforume v
Nauchnoi panorame.
Authors: M. Casolino et al.
Comments: Accepted for publication on Advances in Space Research
Takzhe bolee goda rabotaet na orbite ital'yansko-rossiiskii sputnik PAMELA. On prednaznachen dlya izucheniya kosmicheskih luchei. Osobuyu rol' v programme zanimaet poisk antiyader (antiprotony i bolee tyazhelye). V stat'e eshe raz opisyvaetsya eksperiment, ego zadachi, i rezul'taty pervyh mesyacev raboty.
Authors: V. V. Vassiliev, S. J. Fegan
Comments: 4 pages, 6 figures, in Proc. 30th International Cosmic Ray Conference, Merida, Mexico, 2007
V poslednie gody nazemnaya gamma-astronomiya (H.E.S.S., MAGIC, etc.) daet kolossal'noe kolichestvo arhiinteresnyh rezul'tatov. Sootvetstvenno, lyudi dumayut, kak ei razvivat'sya dal'she. Naprimer, kakie instrumenty stroit'. Avtory predlagayut rassmotret' vozmozhnost' sozdaniya dvuhzerkal'nyh (t.e. so vtorichnoi otrazhayushei poverhnost'yu) teleskopov vzamen ispol'zuemym odnozerkal'nym (detektory stoyat v pryamom fokuse.
Authors: Igor V. Moskalenko, Troy A. Porter
Comments: 6 pages, 4 figures, emulateapj.cls; to appear in the Astrophysical Journal
Avtory detal'no vychislyayut al'bedo v gamma-luchah razlichnyh energii. Okazyvaetsya, pri nalichii horoshih vychislenii i kalibrovki (s poslednim dolzhen pomoch' sputnik PAMELA) mozhno po gamma-dannym (naprimer so sputnika GLAST ili AGILE) monitorirovat' spektr (ne potok, a imenno spektr!) kosmicheskih luchei okolo Zemli.
Authors: Masao Sako et al.
Comments: Submitted to The Astronomical Journal (66 pages, 13 figures)
Sloanovskii cifrovoi obzor neba estestvenno mozhet sluzhit' instrumentom dlya poiska razlichnyh opticheskih tranzientov, v tom chisle i vspyshek sverhnovyh. Poslednih obnaruzheno uzhe ne malo (sotni).
Avtory opisyvayut algoritm poiska sverhnovyh v SDSS.
O tehnicheskih detalyah sm. takzhe arxiv:0708.2749
Authors: Ewine F. van Dishoeck, Jes K. Jorgensen
Comments: Invited review, 8 pages, 5 figures; to appear in the proceedings of "Science with ALMA: a New Era for Astrophysics". Astrophysics & Space Science, in press
Mnogie, navernoe, videli v EvroN'yus syuzhet pro proekt ALMA. V stat'e daetsya kratkii obzor po odnomu iz napravlenii issledovanii na ALMA.
Odna iz osnovnyh zadach proekta - prolit' svet na formirovanie zvezd i planet. Ozhidaetsya, chto mozhno budet rassmotret' protoplanetnye diski s prostranstvennym razresheniem do 1 a.e.!
Authors: M. Feroci, et al.
Comments: Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A, in press.
Dano opisanie odnogo iz priborov ital'yanskogo sputnika AGILE, rabotayushego seichas na orbite (zapushen 23 aprelya etogo goda). Eto rentgenovskii detektor s kodirovannoi apperturoi, chto pozvolyaet "zadeshevo" stroit' izobrazheniya v zhestkom rentgene (razreshenie okolo 6 uglovyh minut v diapazone 15-45 keV pri shirokom pole zreniya - okolo steradiana).
Authors: F. Verrecchia, J.J.M. in 't Zand, P. Giommi, P. Santolamazza, S. Granata, J.J. Schuurmans, A. Antonelli
Comments: 14 pages, 11 figures, Catalogue, Accepted for publication on A&A
Katalog soderzhit dannye po 253 istochnikam, nablyudavshimisya sputnikov za 6 let raboty (1996-2002). Napomnyu, chto rech' idet o diapazone 2-28 keV. Pribor imel shirokoe pole zreniya (40 na 40 gradusov). Yasno, chto za eto bylo zaplacheno otnositel'no nevysokoi chuvstvitel'nost'yu i nizkim uglovym razresheniem.
Authors: Kinya Hibino et al.
Comments: 4 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science, proceeding of "The Multi-Messenger Approach to High-Energy Gamma-Ray Sources", Barcelona, July 4-7, 2006
"Brilliantovyi ty moi!" (obsheupotreb.)
"Brilliantovyi dym zastilal im glaza"
Predlagaetsya novyi variant detektorov dlya gamma-teleskopov, rabotayushih v diapazone do 10 MeV. V nem ispol'zuyutsya iskusstvennye almazy. Avtory nadeyutsya dostich' ochen' vysokogo uglovogo razresheniya.
Authors: Jennifer K. Adelman-McCarthy, et al., for the SDSS Collaboration
Comments: ApJ Supp, in press, October 2007. This paper describes DR5. The SDSS Sixth Data Release (DR6) is now public
Ocherednoi pyatyi vypusk dannyh SDSS. Dostupen on-lain. Ob'em dannyh v sravnenii s chetvertym relizom vyros na 20 procentov. Krome togo, poyavilis' novye opcii: povtornye skany nekotoryh zon, spektroskopicheskie dannye s SEGUE, izobrazheniya M31 i yadra skopleniya galaktik v Persee.
Nemedlenno, predstavlyayu i shestoi reliz. On vazhen tem, chto zakonchen obzor oblasti vokrug severnogo galakticheskogo polyusa. Utochneny kalibrovki, sdelany drugie uluchsheniya.
Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve
ru_astroph.
Obsudit' na Astroforume v
Nauchnoi panorame.
Authors: Maxim Titov
Comments: 24 pages, CEA SACLAY, DAPNIA, France and Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg. Invited Plenary Talk at the 2007 Vienna Instrumentation Conference, February 19-24, 2007
Podrobnyi ponyatnyi obzor po gazovym detektoram, ispol'zuemym, v pervuyu ochered', v fizike elementarnyh chastic. V tom chisle, opisyvayutsya detektory, prednaznachennye dlya LHC. Otmechu, chto nekotorye iz opisannyh tehnologii, primenyayutsya i dlya astronomicheskih detektorov (v rentgenovskom i gamma-diapazonah).
Authors: A. S. Cohen et al.
Comments: 53 pages, including 3 tables and 15 figures. Has been accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
Predstavleny rezul'taty obzora primerno 70 procentov neba na chastote 74 megagerca (dlina volny okolo 4 metrov). Okolo 70 000 istochnikov popalo v katalog.
Authors: Urban Eriksson, Lennart Lindegren
Comments: 12 pages, 4 figures, submitted to A&A
Rassmatrivayutsya effekty, kotorye mogut ogranichit' tochnost' zvezdnoi astrometrii. Delo v tom, chto standartnym predpolozheniem yavlyaetsya to, chto poverhnost' zvezdy svetit ravnomerno, t.e. chto na nei net pyaten. Poka my ne dobiraemsya do ochen'-ochen' tochnyh izmerenii, eto predpolozhenie rabotaet. Esli zhe my hotim iskat' ekzoplanety tipa Zemli, to togda uzhe nado rassmatrivat' vozmozhnye problemy.
V stat'e rassmatrivaetsya, kak nalichie detalei na poverhnosti zvezdy mozhet ogranichivat' astrometricheskie metody poiska zemnopodobnyh planet v zonah obitaniya vokrug zvezd razlichnyh tipov.
Authors: Matthew Shetrone et al.
Comments: latex file of 27 pages including 5 figures. Accepted to PASP
Teleskop Hobbi-Eberli - eto 9-metrovyi instrument, kotoryi, v celyah udeshevleniya konstrukcii imeet ne povorotnoe zerkalo. Mezhdu nablyudeniyami teleskop mozhet povorachivat'sya po azimutu, no vo vremya ekspozicii zerkalo nepodvizhno. V stat'e daetsya opisanie rezul'tatov raboty teleskopa za 10 let. Osobo obsuzhdaetsya organizaciya nablyudenii.
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Authors: Pierre Kervella, Paulo J. V. Garcia
Comments: 13 pages, to be published in the Proceedings of the 2006 Euro Summer School "Observation and Data Reduction with the VLTI", 4-16 June 2006, Goutelas (France)
Ochen' poleznyi tekst. Uchit tomu, kak sostavlyat' zayavki na nablyudeniya, napravlyaemye v Evropeiskuyu Yuzhnuyu observatoriyu.
Authors: T. H. Dall et al.
Comments: 16 pages, Accepted for publication in A&A
VSOP - The Variable Star One-shot Project. Zadacha proekta sostoit v avtomaticheskom obzore vseh peremennyh (izvestnyh i neizvestnyh). Dannye vykladyvayutsya v otkrytyi dostup. Proekt poka tol'ko nachal rabotat', poetomu rezul'tatov ne tak uzh mnogo.
Otmechu takzhe proekt Wikimbad, s kotorym svyazan VSOP. Eto otkrytaya baza dannyh astronomicheskih nablyudenii, v kotoroi kazhdyi mozhet pouchastvovat' ne tol'ko kak pol'zovatel', no i kak avtor.
Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve
ru_astroph.
Obsudit' na Astroforume v
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Authors: Shai Kaspi
Comments: 10 pages, 4 figures, Conference proceedings to appear in "The Central Engine of Active Galactic Nuclei", ed. L. C. Ho and J.-M. Wang (San Francisco: ASP)
Chasto sprashivayut: "A kak opredelyayut massy chernyh dyr v galaktikah?" A vot tak! Chitaite ob odnom iz metodov.
Ideya sostoit v tom, chto po izmeneniyam potoka izlucheniya ot aktivnogo yadra mozhno sudit' o povedenii gaza vokrug chernoi dyry. Nuzhno tol'ko dostatochno chasto i regulyarno provodit' fotometricheskie nablyudeniya i poluchat' spektry (vazhno ved' takzhe i to, kak menyaetsya intesivnost' spektral'nyh linii i tp.). Nu a povedenie gaza soderzhit v sebe informaciyu o masse dyry.
Konechno, metod bolee chem ne pryamoi. Tem ne menee, vpolne poleznyi.
Authors: Joergen Knoedlseder
Comments: 8 pages, Proceedings of the 6th INTEGRAL Workshop: The Obscured Universe
Konechno, "risoval'shik" - eto ne vpolne adekvatnyi perevod slova "imager", no chto delat'!?! Ideya sostoit v tom, chto sovremennye tehnologie pozvolyayut sozdat' gamma-detektor, kotoryi budet dostatochno horosho stroit' izobrazheniya v gamma-dipazone. T.e., eto budet v samom dele gamma-teleskop, rabotayushii napryamuyu s gamma-fotonami. Seichas izobrazheniya v gamma-diapazone stroyatsya primitivno po dannym o prohozhdenii fotona cherez stopku detektiruyushih plastin (na sputnikah), ili zhe nablyudayutsya opticheskie kvanty, porozhdennye vzaimodeistviem gamma-kvantov s atmosferoi (na ustanovkah tipa H.E.S.S.). Avtor opisyvaet proekt sputnika, kotoryi mog by stat' pervym "gamma-risoval'shikom".
Authors: Carme Gallart (for the LCID Team)
Comments: 4 pages, 2 figures. To appear in the Proceedings of IAU Symposium 241: "Stellar Populations as Building Blocks of Galaxies", 10-16 December, 2006 at La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain
Opisan proekt po izucheniyu zvezdnyh naselenii i istorii zvezdoobrazovaniya v karlikovyh galaktikah Mestnoi gruppy. Eto ochen' vazhno v svyazi s neobhodimost'yu detal'nogo sravneniya chislennyh raschetov v ramkah modelei ierarhicheskogo formirovaniya struktury s dannymi nablyudenii.
Sm. takzhe arxiv:0705.2717, arxiv:0705.2667.
Authors: Rob P. Olling
Comments: A White Paper for the ExoPlanet Task Force: 7 pages
Ideya avtora sostoit v tom, chtoby ispol'zovat' dannye budushego sputnika SIM i uzhe otletavshego sputnika Hipparcos dlya poiska massivnyh planet i korichnevyh karlikov na shirokih orbitah.
Pri orbital'nom periode v desyatki i sotni let ochen' trudno rasschityvat' na kakoi-to rezul'tat za vremya zhizni sputnika (3-7 let). Odnako dannye s dvuh astrometricheskih sputnikov, otrabotavshih s intervalom let v dvadcat', uzhe mogut dat' neobhodimuyu tochnost'. Ocenki pokazyvayut, chto sovmestnaya obrabotka dannyh dvuh apparatov pozvolit obnaruzhit' planetu s massoi kak u Yupitera dazhe dlya orbital'nyh periodov v 240 let. A pri masse v dest' raz bol'she - 500 let.
Authors: H. Balthasar et al.
Comments: 6 pages, "Physics of Chromospheric Plasmas" (Coimbra), ASP 368, 605 (2007)
Opisyvaetsya novyi 1.5-metrovyi solnechnyi teleskop, prishedshii na smenu 45-santimetrovomu, stoyavshemu na Kanarskih ostrovah. Teleskop zarabotaet v sleduyushem godu.
Authors: P.A. Evans et al.
Comments: 7 pages, 5 figures, submitted to A&A
Na saite http://www.swift.ac.uk/xrt_curves/00020052/index.php v on-lainovom rezhime vykladyvayutsya krivye bleska gamma-vspleskov, zaregistrirovannyh na sputnike Swift. Ochen' udobnyi servis.
V stat'e opisany nekotorye sushestvennye tehnicheskie detali, pozvolyayushie dobit'sya raboty takogo resursa.
Authors: Geoffrey C. Bower et al.
Comments: 7 pages
Avtory rassmatrivayut, kak sushestvuyushie i budushie (SKA) radiointerferometry mogut pomoch' v poiske i izuchenii ekzoplanet. Uzhe sovremennye antenny pozvolyayut nadeyat'sya na obnaruzhenie planet, otkrytie i izuchenie kotoryh poka nevozmozhno drugimi sposobami. S vvodom v stroi SKA situaciya stanet eshe luchshe. Mozhno budet iskat' i issledovat' planety tipa Zemli na orbitah, podobnyh zemnoi.
Authors: Joshua Pepper et al.
Comments: 31 pages, 13 figures; submitted to AJ
Opisan ochen' malen'kii instrument, prednaznachennyi dlya poiska tranzitnyh (t.e. provohodyashih po disku svoei zvezdy) planet. Teleskop nazyvaetsya KELT - Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope. Kak yasno iz nazvaniya on imeet ochen' malen'kuyu aperturu i shirokoe pole zreniya. Po suti, eto edva li ne prosto horoshaya CCD matrica (4096 na 4096) s ob'ektivom tipa togo, chto vy mozhete uvidet' u horoshego fotoapparata. Ob'ektivov dva, i oni dayut polya zreniya 26 na 26 i 10 na 10 gradusov. Instrument rabotaet s 2004 goda.
Osnovnaya cel' - obnaruzhit' planetnye prohozhdeniya po diskam zvezd so zvezdnoi velichinoi ot 8 do 10. K nastoyashemu momentu vydeleno neskol'ko sobytii-kandidatov. Krome togo, v ramkah nablyudenii na KELT bylo otkryto okolo sotni novyh peremennyh zvezd.
Stat'ya, navernoe, budet interesna "lyubitelyam-professionalam", a takzhe prosto
professionalam, interesuyushimisya byudzhetnymi proektami.
Obsudit' na Astroforume v
Nauchnoi panorame.
Authors: A.Lawrence
Comments: Review for publication in Astronomy and Geophysics, based on talk at UK National Astronomy Meeting, 2006. Fifteen pages, nine figures
Dan obzor proshedshih, prodolzhayushihsya i budushih proektov, v kotoryh proizvodyatsya obzory neba v opticheskom i blizkih k nemu diapazonah.
Authors: M. Shao et al.
Comments: ExoPTF white paper 8 pages, 2 figures
Fakticheski, original'noe nazvanie polnost'yu opredelyaet sut' zametki. Eto nebol'shaya stat'ya, v kotoroi opisan proekt SIM PlanetQuest. Eto kosmicheskii interferometr, prednaznachennyi dlya poiska planet tipa Zemli. Kogda missiya budet realizovana - poka ne izvestno.
Authors: S.C. Keller, B.P. Schmidt, M.S Bessell
Comments: 6 pages, 4 figures, proceedings of ESO Calibration Workshop 2007
V konce goda zarabotaet novyi obzonyi teleskop. Ego diametr 1.3 metra. Budet on rabotat' v yuzhnom polusharii. Pole ploshad'yu 5.7 kvadratnyh gradusa pozvolit provodit' mnogocvetnye obzory neba. Obzor budet proveden shest' raz. Predel'naya zvezdnaya velichina budet ravnyat'sya 23. Pri etom obeshaetsya nepdohaya tochnost' astrometrii i fotometrii (50 mas i 0.03 velichiny sootvestvenno).
Authors: A. Ferrari, R. Soummer, C. Aime
Comments: 11 pages
Zamechatel'nyi obzor po zvezdnoi koronografii. Nachinaetsya vse s ponyatnogo ob'yasneniya osnov, no potom dayutsya i neobhodimye detali.
Authors: K. Graf et al.
Comments: 6 pages, 5 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the International ARENA Workshop, May 28-30th, 2006, University of Northumbria
Uslyshat' neitrino ...
Okazyvaetsya, neitrino mozhno registrirovat' akusticheskimi detektorami. Esli
energiya chasticy ochen' velika, to ona porozhdaet kaskad chastic. V vode eto
privodit k generacii akusticheskih voln, kotorye mozhno razlichit' na fone
vysokochastotnogo (20 KGc) shuma s rasstoyaniya v 1 km! Stroyashiisya detektor
ANTARES budet vklyuchat' v sebya akusticheskie ustanovki. V stat'e kratko opisan
sam proekt, a takzhe ego planiruemaya akusticheskaya chast'. Uzhe v etom godu
budut ustanovleny pervye "mikrofony dlya neitrino".
Authors: A. Bodaghee et al.
Comments: 36 pages, 16 figures, 1 long table, accepted for publication in A&A
Daetsya opisanie istochnikov, nablyudavshihsya na observatorii INTEGRAL s pomosh'yu pribora ISGRI. Takovyh okazalos' okolo polutysyachi. Primerno polovina iz nih prinadlezhit nashei Galaktike. Ostal'nye - aktivnye galakticheski yadra. Takzhe est' nekotoroe chislo neklassificirovannyh istochnikov. Svyazano eto v osnovnom s tem, chto, rabotaya v diapazone ochen' vysokih energii (desyatki keV), ISGRI vidit istochniki, kotorye v drugih diapazonah (v pervuyu ochered' v optike) zakryty pyl'yu.
V stat'e privoditsya mnogo poleznyh risunkov i grafikov, illyustriruyushih raspredelenie istochnikov v Galaktike i drugie ih svoistva.
Authors: A. M. Koekemoer, et al.
Comments: Accepted for ApJ COSMOS Special Issue, 17 pages, 4 figures, aastex.
Detal'no opisyvaetsya ta chast' obzora COSMOS, kotoraya svyazana s nablyudeniyami na Kosmicheskom teleskope. Na ploshadke v 1.64 kvadratnyh gradusa za 583 orbity apparata udalos' dobrat'sya do predela luchshe 27 zvezdnoi velichiny!
Authors: S. Aigrain et al. , the CoRoT Exoplanet Science Team
Comments: 11 pages, 2 figures. A version with full resolution figures is available from this http URL
Sputnik CoRoT uzhe zapushen. Vse idet po planu. Poetomu polezno eshe raz vzglyanut' na nauchnoe soderzhanie missii, a takzhe na nekotorye tehnicheskie harakteristiki. Vse eto i summirovanno v obzore.
Versiyu stat' s kartinkami v vysokom razreshenii mozhno skachat' zdes'. Eto
PDF-fail.
A o nauchnoi programme podrobnee mozhno prochest'
po etoi ssylke. Ssylka vedet na spisok statei gruppy, pomeshennyh v Arhiv
astro-ph.
Authors: Gordon E. Sarty, Laszlo L. Kiss, Helen M. Johnston, Richard Huziak, Kinwah Wu
Comments: 11 pages, Accepted: JAAVSO
Stat'ya yavlyaetsya prizyvom k astronomam-lyubitelyam zanyat'sya poiskom i izucheniem periodichnosti v opticheskih krivyh bleska massivnyh rentgenovskih sistem.
V stat'e rasskazyvaetsya chto eto za sistemy, kak i zachem ih nuzhno nablyudat'.
Dobavlyu, chto katalog sistem s Ve-zvezdami mozhno naiti zdes'.
Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve
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Obsudit' na Astroforume v
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Authors: N. Scoville et al.
Comments: 22 pages, 3 figures
Stat'ya rasskazyvaet o proekte COSMOS (Cosmic Evolution Survey). V ramkah dannogo issledovaniya izuchayutsya svoistva galaktik na bol'shih krasnyh smesheniyah. Ploshad' issleduemoi ploshadki sostavlyaet okolo 2 kvadratnyh gradusov. Nablyudeniya provodyatsya vo vseh diapazone: ot radio do zhestkogo rentgena.
Podrobnee o proekte i ego rezul'tatah mozhno prochest' v soputstvuyushih stat'yah astro-ph/0612291, astro-ph/0612295, astro-ph/0612306, astro-ph/0612311, astro-ph/0612314 i dr. (proektu COSMOS posvyashen special'nyi vypusk Astrophysical Journal Supplements, poetomu razom v Arhive poyavilos' mnozhestvo statei).
Authors: Richard W. Schnee
Comments: 8 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Proceedings of SUSY06, the 14th International Conference on Supersymmetry and the Unification of Fundamental Interactions, UC Irvine, California, 12-17 June 2006
Korotkii, no soderzhatel'nyi obzor po metodam pryamogo (laboratornogo) poiska chastic temnoi materii. Opisyvayutsya i konkretnye eksperimenty i ih rezul'taty.
Authors: M.C. Weisskopf et al.
Comments: 17 pages and 13 figures. Paper presented at the 363-rd Heraeus Seminar in Bad Honef, Germany. The paper will be published as a Springer Lecture Notes.
Poka issledovaniya polyarizacii rentgenovskogo izlucheniya astronomicheskih ob'ektov nahodyatsya v zachatochnom sostoyanii: to avariya (kak s yaponskimi apparatami), to konkurenty zarubyat proekt s horoshim polyarimetrom (kak s nashim SRG). Tem ne menee, rano ili pozdno takoi instrument poyavitsya, vozmozhno dazhe na sputnike s rossiiskim uchastiem (novyi SRG).
V obzore v osnovnom obsuzhdayutsya polyarimetricheskie issledovaniya neitronnyh zvezd. Krome etogo, opisano sostoyanie del so stroyashimisya instrumentami i razvivayushimisya tehnologiyami.
Authors: A. J. Bird et al.
Comments: Submitted to ApJ Letters; 10 pages; 4 figures
Novyi katalog myagkih gamma-istochnikov po dannym sputnika Integral. Katalog osnovan na 3.5 godah nablyudenii, tochnee, ispol'zovano okolo 40 millionov sekund nablyudatel'nogo vremeni. V katalog voshlo okolo 400 istochnikov (kak postoyannyh, tak i tranzientnyh).
Authors: Justin Vandenbroucke
Comments: 6 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of the 2nd TeV Particle Astrophysics Conference, Madison, WI, August 28-31, 2006
Kosmicheskie neitrino mozhno detektirovat' raznymi sposobami. Seichas, kak izvestno, dostraivayutsya ochen' krupnye ustanovki, kotorye budut iskat' neitrino s pomosh'yu opticheskih metodov v tolshe vody ili antarkticheskogo l'da. Odnako dlya neitrino ochen' vysokih energii takie metody poiska ne podhodyat. Nuzhno chto-to inoe. O radiometodah ya uzhe nedavno pisal, ih budut ispol'zovat' v antarkticheskih eksperimentah. V etoi zhe stat'e rech' idet ob akusticheskih metodah, kotorye predpolagaetsya primenyat' k morskih eksperimentah.
Authors: The ANITA collaboration: S. W. Barwick et al.
Comments: 4 pages, 5 figures
Eshe v 1962 godu Askaryan opublikoval v ZhETF stat'yu, v kotoroi byl opisan effekt, kotoryi, pohozhe, privedet k poyavleniyu naibolee effektivnogo metoda registracii neitrino ochen'-ochen' vysokih energii (poryadka milliona TeV). Effekt byl eksperimental'no proveren v neskol'kih sredah, no bylo ochen' vazhno provesti proverku dlya l'da, ibo imenno v etoi srede stoyat prototipy budushih krupnyh detektorov. I vot, v rezul'tate oblucheniya semitonnoi glyby l'da, effekt proveren i dlya l'da.
Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve
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Obsudit' na Astroforume v
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Authors: S. Frey
Comments: 8 pages; invited review, to appear in the Proceedings of the 8th European VLBI Network Symposium held in Torun, Poland, 26-29 September 2006.
VLBI - eto interferometriya so sverhdlinnoi bazoi. Nablyudeniya provodyatsya, razumeetsya, v radiodiapazone. Itogom yavlyaetsya ochen' horoshee uglovoe razreshenie. V stat'e summiruyutsya obzornye nablyudeniya s pomosh'yu dannoi tehniki.
Authors: Rob Fender et al.
Comments: Accepted for publication in the proceedings of VI Microquasar Workshop: Microquasars and Beyond, 18-22 September 2006, Como (Italy), ed: T. Belloni (2006)
LOFAR - eto grandioznyi proekt sistemy radioteleskopov. Pered takim moshnym instrumentom vsegda stavyat mnozhestvo zadach. Odna iz nih - radiomonitoring.
V radiodiapazone ochen' trudno iskat' vspyhivayushie istochniki. Obychno v katalogi popadayut ob'ekty, izluchayushie postoyanno. Tol'ko v poslednie gody stali poyavlyat'sya tehnologii, pozvolyayushie reshit' etu problemu. Uzhe obnaruzheno neskol'ko zagadochnyh tipov radiotranzientov, o kotoryh my pisali v obzorah.
Proekt po radiomonitoringu vhodit v chislo chetyreh prioritetnyh dlya LOFAR. Sootvetstvenno, mozhno ne somnevat'sya, chto posle vvoda ustanovok v stroi otkrytiya ne zamedlyat poyavit'sya.
Authors: H. Falcke et al.
Comments: 2 pages, IAU GA 2006, Highlights of Astronomy, Volume 14, K.A. van der Hucht, ed
Vsego na dvuh stranicah opisan odin iz samyh krupnyh gryadushih nablyudatel'nyh proektov - nizkochastotnaya set' radioteleskopov. Dlya teh, kto interesuetsya detalyami, sozdateli ustanovki vylozhili i bolee ob'emnyi tekst s opisaniem LOFAR.
Authors: J. Anthony Tyson, for the LSST Collaboration
Comments: 9 pages, 3 figures, Talk given at CIPANP 2006, 9th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics, May 30-June 3, 2006, Rio Grande, Puerto Rico
LSST (Large Synoptic Survey Telescope) nachnet svob rabotu v 2013 godu. Eto nazemnyi vos'mimetrovyi teleskop s bol'shim polem zreniya. Kak i u vseh instrumentov etogo tipa (nachinaya s 8-mi santimetrovyh) spisok ego zadach ves'ma shirok: ot malyh tel solnechnoi sistemy do kosmologii. V dannoi stat'e rech' idet imenno o poslednei.
Nablyudeniya mnozhestva slabyh galaktik pozvolyat poluchit' vazhnuyu informaciyu o svoistvah krupnomasshtabnoi struktury. Eto, v svoyu ochered', pozvolit luchshe ponyat' svoistva temnoi materii i temnoi energii.
Authors: Bohdan Paczynski
Comments: 11 pages, submitted to PASP
V stat'e rassmatrivayutsya proekty, osushestvlyaemye na instrumentah s apperturoi ot 7 (semi!) santimetrov. Privodyatsya ssylki na veb-stranicy proektov, opisyvayutsya ih osnovnye rezul'taty. Razumeetsya, rassmotreny i proekty budushih instrumentov.
V osnovnom eto vse avtomaticheskie teleskopy i ih sistemy, prednaznachennye dlya obzorov neba.
Authors: Michael C. Liu
Comments: 11 pages, Proceedings of the SPIE Vol. 6272, "Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation (Orlando, FL): Advances in Adaptive Optics II" (May 2006)
Daetsya obzor po teleskopam, ch'e vysokoe kachestvo raboty obespechivaetsya adaptivnoi optikoi s ispol'zovaniem lazernoi iskusstvennoi zvezdy. Takaya metodika ispol'zuetsya, v chastnosti, na teleskope Kek-II (est' eshe tri bolee melkih instrumenta, gde takzhe primenyaetsya lazernaya iskusstvennaya zvezda dlya polucheniya izobrazhenii difrakcionnogo kachestva). Avtory privodyat obshirnuyu bibliografiyu. Stat'ya budet interesna vsem, kto interesuetsya sovremennymi metodami nablyudenii.
Authors: F. Malbet
Comments: 8 pages, invited review at the "Visions in IR astronomy" conference held in Paris, 21-23 March 2006
V poslednie gody aktivno razvivaetsya opticheskaya interferometriya (VLTI, Keck, etc.). Yasno, chto v budushem nas zhdut novye proekty, osnovannye na novyh tehnicheskih razrabotkah. Etomu obzor i posvyashen.
Authors: Juergen Knoedlseder
Comments: 13 pages, 6 figures, Proceedings of the SPIE, Volume 6266, p. 61 (2006)
Opisyvaetsya proekt gamma-teleskopa, kotoryi smozhet stroit' izobrazhenie. T.e. eto budet ne prosto "gamma-detektor", a imenno chto gamma-teleskop, kotoryi smozhet fokusirovat' gamma-luchi.
Authors: S. Bradley Cenko et al.
Comments: Accepted in PASP; 26 pages, 7 figures;
Opisyvaetsya palomarskii 60-dyuimovyi teleskop, kotoryi posle modernizacii stal polnocennym teleskopom-robotom, prednaznachennym v osnovnom dlya nablyudeniya gamma-vspleskov.
Authors: P. Picozza et al.
Comments: 38 pages
Kak izvestno, nedavno nashim nositelem byl zapushen ital'yansko-rossiiskii (bol'she ital'yanskii, chem rossiiskii) sputnik PAMELA. S rossiiskoi storony s nim mnogo rabotali kollegi iz MIFI.
V stat'e, sobstvenno, opisan pribor i ego zadachi. Apparatura prednaznachena dlya izucheniya kosmicheskih luchei, a tochnee dlya izucheniya potoka antiprotonov (a takzhe drugih antichastic) i legkih yader.
Authors: Lior Shamir, Robert J. Nemiroff
Comments: 21 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, accepted PASP
Kak izvestno, nauka ne zanimaetsya chudesami, t.e. nevosproizvodimymi yavleniyami. V astronomii v takuyu kategriyu mogut popadat' ochen' bystrye sobytiya, kotorye ne uspevayut kak sleduet rassmotret'. Odnako uchenye delayut vse, chto v ih silah, chtoby reshit' etu problemu.
Sredi vozmozhnyh "chudes" mogut byt' ochen' bystrye tranzienty, dazhe v opticheskom diapazone. Poiskom takih sobytii zanimayutsya s pomosh'yu ochen' shirokougol'nyh kamer. 20 aprelya etogo goda dve kamery (odna v Chili, drugaya - v Ispanii) zaregistrirovali yarkuyu (5-ya velichina) vspyshku dlitel'nost'yu okolo 10 minut. Pervichnyi analiz pokazal, chto sobytie dolzhno byt' svyazano s astronomicheskim ob'ektom. Odnako pozzhe okazalos', chto sobytie ne bylo zaregistrirovano tret'ei kameroi. V dannoi stat'e avtory tshatel'no obsuzhdayut eto konkretnoe sobytie, a takzhe rassuzhdayut o tom, kak pravil'no iskat' podlinnye opticheskie tranzienty. Samo nablyudavsheesya sobytie avtory svyazyvayut s blikom ot kakogo-to kosmicheskogo musora.
Authors: K. Jahnke, S. F. Sanchez, A. Koekemoer
Comments: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in PASP
Rech', konechno, idet ne o glazah Edvina Habbla, a o Kosmicheskom teleskope ego imeni. Problema sostoit v tom, chto vizualizovat' na komp'yutere udalennuyu bazu dannym, soderzhashuyu habblovskie dannye, sovsem neprosto. Avtory opisyvayut metodiku, kotoraya pozvolila by dazhe bez ochen' bystroi svyazi prosmatrivat' na ekrane chasti bol'shogo izobrazheniya, razmerom poryadka milliarda pikselov.
Stranica proekta nahoditsya zdes'.
Authors: Steven V. W. Beckwith, et al.
Comments: 44 pages, 18 figures, to appear in the Astronomical Journal October 2006
Predstavleny rezul'taty glubokogo snimka, poluchennogo na Kosmicheskom teleskope. Ekspoziciya sostavila odin million sekund! Nablyudalas' ploshadka ploshad'yu vsego lish' 11 kvadratnyh uglovyh minut. Predel'naya zvezdnaya velichina primerno ravna 29. Sostavlen katalog primerno 10 000 ob'ektov.
Authors: A. Gil de Paz et al.
Comments: 181 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJS
GALEX - nebol'shoi sputnik, prednaznachennyi dlya izucheniya galaktik. V stat'e predstavlen atlas, sozdannyi po dannym ul'trafioletovyh nablyudenii galaktik na etom apparate. Vsego v atlas voshli 1034 ob'ekta. Atlas dostupen on-lain: http://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/GALEX_Atlas/.
Odnako, esli vy dumaete, chto po ssylke vas zhdut 1034 krasivyh izobrazheniya, to vas, kak i menya zhdet razocharovanie. Vo-pervyh, ne zhdut (poka est' tol'ko fraza: "budut razmesheny"). Vo-vtoryh, izobrazheniya budut v FITS-formate. T.e., eto ne krasivyi resurs dlya publiki, a ser'eznyi resurs dlya issledovatelei. Poka zhe izobrazheniya nuzhno prosit' u pervogo avtora stat'i.
Authors: Yael Naze
Comments: review published by the Liege Royal Societey of Sciences, 31 pages without figures; Journal-ref: Bull.Soc.Roy.Sci.Liege 75 (2006) 20-61
Poleznyi obzor.
Authors: Rene A. Ong
Comments: 29 pages, 9 figures, Rapporteur Talk at ICRC 2005
V poslednee vremya nazemnaya gamma-astronomiya, rabotayushaya v diapazone energii horosho za 1 GeV, perezhivaet period burnogo razvitiya. Osnovnye vehi etogo bol'shogo puti i sovremennoe sostoyanie del otrazheny v nebol'shom obzore.
Authors: Jian Ge et al.
Comments: 42 pages, 11 figures and 5 tables, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Vazhno ne to, chto otkryta eshe odna ekzoplaneta, a to, chto zarabotal eshe odin pribor, prednaznachennyi dlya ih poiska.
Authors: R N Manchester
Comments: 10 pages, in press ChJAA
Konechno, hochetsya zaregistrirovat' gravitacionnye volny kak mozhno neposredstvennee. Dlya etogo i stroyat lazernye interferometry i tverdotel'nye ustanovki. Odnako nablyudeniya radiopul'sarov pozvolyayut poluchat' dannye o gravitacionnyh volnah pust' i ne stol' neposredstvennym, zato bolee deshevym putem. Vse horosho znayut o tom, chto dvoinye radiopul'sary ispytyvayut izmeneniya orbit za schet izlucheniya gravitacionnyh voln. Est' i drugie effekty, svyazannye s nablyudeniem etih ob'ektov, pozvolyayushie poluchat' informaciyu o gravitacionnyh volnah.
Vazhnym dostoinstvom millisekundnyh radiopul'sarov yavlyaetsya porazitel'naya ustoichivost' ih periodov. Ona sravnima s luchshimi zemnymi atomnymi chasami. Po suti, nablyudeniya neskol'kih takih pul'sarov mogut dat' standart chastoty prevoshodyashii atomnye! Etu osobennost' mozhno ispol'zovat' dlya kosvennogo nablyudeniya garvitacionnyh voln.
Gravitacionnye volny vliyayut na nablyudaemye periody pul'sarov. Imenno na nablyudaemye, t.k. rech' idet ob effekte, svyazannym s prohozhdeniem volny cherez nas. Iz-za prohozhdeniya volny period pul'sara budet kazat'sya nam to koroche, to dlinnee. Ideya takogo obnaruzheniya gravitacionnyh voln byla vpervye vyskazana M.V. Sazhinym v 1978 g. Issleduya odin ob'ekt mozhno dat' verhnii predel na fon gravitacionnyh voln (vokrug nas) v opredelennom diapazone chastot. Prichem, pul'sarnye dannye chuvstvitel'ny k ochen' bol'shim periodam - poryadka vremeni nablyudeniya, t.e. neskol'ko let (sootvetstvenno, chastoty gravvoln ischislyayutsya v dannom sluchae nanogercami). Nablyudeniya za neskol'kimi pul'sarami pozvolyaet (tochnee mozhet pozvolit') zaregistrirovat' etot gravitacionno-volnovoi fon.
Sobstvenno, "pul'sarnaya vremennaya reshetka" (Pulsar Timing Array) eto ne novyi pribor. Sami pul'sary i obrazuyut "reshetku" ili "set'". Nablyudeniya zhe planiruetsya provodit' na uzhe horosho izvestnom 64-metrovom radioteleskope. Hotya, elektronnaya nachinka i programmnoe obespechenie dolzhny byt' dorabotany, chtoby vyiti na neobhodimuyu chuvstvitel'nost'. Takaya neobhodimost' byla prodemonstrirovana v techenie pervogo goda nablyudenii.
O proekte takzhe mozhno pochitat' zdes'.
Authors: The Planck Collaboration
Comments: 152 pages
Kniga, posvyashennaya nauchnoi programme sputnika "Plank".
Kniga soderzhit tehnicheskoe opisanie sputnika, nekotorye osnovy, neobhodimye dlya ponimaniya suti nauchnoi programmy, i, nakonec, sami nauchnye zadachi, kotorye sputnik budet reshat'.
Vozmozhno, chto mnogim budet nebezinteresno posmotret', kakie eshe zadachi, krome issledovaniya reliktovogo izlucheniya, stavyatsya pered etim proektom.
Authors: Paul Mantsch
Comments: presented at the 29th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2005), Pune, India, 3-11 Aug 2005
Poskol'ku stroyashayasya observatoriya im. P'era Ozhe eto odin iz vazhneishih sovremennyh nablyudatel'nyh proektov, to ya starayus' upominat' t.n. status reports po etomu povodu, dazhe esli sushestvennogo progressa net.
Observatoriya prednaznachena dlya izucheniya kosmicheskih luchei sverhvysokih energii. Tam budet ochen' mnogo detektorov raznyh tipov, razbrosannyh po bol'shoi territorii. Poetomu process sozdaniya observatorii sil'no rastyanut vo vremeni. Eto i daet vozmozhnost' govorit' o "razvitii". Chast' detektorov uzhe rabotayut. Konechno, chast' - eto poka malo. Tem ne menee vazhno, chto vse poka idet po planu.
Authors: J. Holder et al.
Comments: Accepted by Astroparticle Physics
VERITAS - eshe odin cherenkovskii (nazemnyi) gamma-proekt. Vsego v sistemu voidet 4 teleskopa. S fevralya rabotaet pervyi. Etomu, sobstvenno, i posvyashena stat'ya. Zhal', chto u nas eto ne razvivaetsya. Est', pravda, slabaya nadezhda, chto v nedalekom budushem uchenye iz MIFI smogut zapustit' v kachestve dopolnitel'noi nagruzki na odnom iz sputnikov apparaturu dlya monitoringa neba v gamma-luchah. Eto bylo by zdorovo! Nu a poka, chitaite pro VERITAS.
Authors: E. Costa et al.
Comments: 8 pages 1 table 14 figures; Proc. 39th ESLAB Symposium, Noordwijk, 19-21 April 2005, SP-588, p. 141-149, F. Favata, A. Gimenez. eds
Chasto mozhno uslyshat', chto vozmozhnost' registrirovat' polyarizaciyu rentgenovskogo izlucheniya, ochen' vazhna dlya sovremennoi astrofiziki (u nas v strane odnim iz luchshih specialistov zdes' yavlyaetsya Yurii Gnedin iz Pulkovo). A vot pochemu eto tak vazhno, i kakie tut est' blizhaishie perspektivy, vy mozhete uznat' iz obzora.
Authors: V.P.Reshetnikov
Comments: 22 pages, 18 figures; Physics-Uspekhi, 48 (11), 1109-1127, 2005
Privoditsya svodka dannyh, poluchennyh v hode glubokih obzorov.
Ochen' rekomenduyu! Takzhe mozhno skachat' stat'yu na russkom na saite UFN.
Authors: A. Saha et al.
Comments: 73 pages, 16 figures, 8 tables, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Vot takoe dlinnoe nazvanie....
Utochnenie shkaly rasstoyanii - eto trudneishaya zadacha. Ona ne reshaetsya za raz. Stat'ya - eto ocherednoi promezhutochnyi etap po ocenke rasstoyanii do dalekih galaktik na osnovanii dannyh o sverhnovyh tipa Ia. Dlya etogo nuzhno prokalibrovat' sverhnovye. Dlya etogo po cefeidam nado tochno opredelit' rasstoyaniya do galaktik, v kotoryh vidny eti sverhnovye. Togda ih mozhno budet ispol'zovat' dlya bolee dalekih galaktik, v kotoryh cefeidy uzhe ne vidny.
Authors: Arne A. Henden
Comments:15 pages, 10 figures, 2006, ASPC 349, 165
Opisany primery sotrudnichestva professionalov i lyubitelei po opytu AAVSO. Istoriya nachinaetsya azh s 19 veka, kogda Louvell priglasil na rabotu Slaifera (lyubitel' priglasil professionala, kstati). Odnako osnovnoe vnimanie udelyaetsya, konechno, bolee blizkomu k nam vremeni.
Obsuzhdaetsya, kak mozhno sdelat' sotrudnichestvo bolee plodotvornym.
Authors: James E. Gunn et al.
Comments: 87 pages, 27 figures. AJ (in press, April 2006)
Podrobneishee opisanie teleskopa, vot uzhe 6 let ispol'zuemogo v Sloanovskom obzore. Eto instrument sistemy Richi-Kret'ena s dostatochno bol'shoi svetosiloi. Optimizaciya v osnovnom zaklyuchalas' v poluchenii vysokogo kachestva izobrazhenii i snizhenii stoimosti.
Authors: David L. Band
Comments: To appear in the proceedings of the 16th Annual October Astrophysics Conference in Maryland, "Gamma Ray Bursts in the Swift Era", Washington DC., November 29-December 2, 2005, 4 pages, 3 figures
Obsuzhdaetsya chuvstvitel'nost' razlichnyh detektorov gamma-vspleskov. K sozhaleniyu, dlya korotkih zhestkih vspleskov (dlya menya lichno eto interesno v svyazi s perspektivoi obnaruzheniya vnegalakticheskih gigantskih vspleskov MPG) nichego horoshego net: BATSE byl samym chuvstvitel'nym. A vot dlya dlinnyh myagkih vspleskov Swift namnogo luchshe.
Authors: David L. Band
Comments: To appear in the proceedings of the 16th Annual October Astrophysics Conference in Maryland, "Gamma Ray Bursts in the Swift Era", Washington DC., November 29-December 2, 2005, 4 pages, 3 figures
Obsuzhdaetsya chuvstvitel'nost' razlichnyh detektorov gamma-vspleskov. K sozhaleniyu, dlya korotkih zhestkih vspleskov (dlya menya lichno eto interesno v svyazi s perspektivoi obnaruzheniya vnegalakticheskih gigantskih vspleskov MPG) nichego horoshego net: BATSE byl samym chuvstvitel'nym. A vot dlya dlinnyh myagkih vspleskov Swift namnogo luchshe.
Authors: Greg Madejski
Comments: To appear in "Astrophysical Sources of High Energy Particles and Radiation", eds. T. Bulik, B. Rudak, and G. Madejski, AIP Conference Proceedings, vol 801 (2005), proc. conf. in Torun, Poland, 20-24 June 2005
Opisany nekotorye rezul'taty nablyudenii na Chandre. Nemnogo rasskazano ob uzhe zapushennom yaponskom sputnike Suzaku (izvestnom takzhe pod imenem Astro-E2). U etogo sputnika, k sozhaleniyu, voznikli tehnicheskie problemy, iz-za chego odin iz samyh interesnyh eksperimentov na ego bortu ostanetsya neosushestvlennym. V konce stat'i kratko opisany dve budushie missii: GLAST i NuSTAR. GLAST budet zapushen uzhe v 2007 g., s nim, vrode by, vse v poryadke. NuSTAR dolzhen poletet' v 2009, no etot srok eshe mozhet byt' skorrektirovan (v storonu bolee pozdnego zapuska, razumeetsya).
Authors: M. J. Freyberg et al.
Comments: 6 pages, 6 figures, to appear in the proceedings of "The X-ray Universe 2005", San Lorenzo de El Escorial (Spain), 26-30 September 2005
Ya uzhe upominal ob etom obzore, no togda eto byl tol'ko proekt. Sut' v tom, chto poka HMM perenavoditsya, on vse ravno chto-to da vidit. Iz-za togo, chto HMM - eto ochen' moshnyi pribor, dazhe neskol'kih sekund, poka vzglyad N'yutona skol'zit po nebu, dostatochno dlya togo, chtoby poluchit' dannye na urovne sputnikov, zapuskavshihsya v 80-90-e gg. T.o. uchenye nadeyutsya sdelat' "skol'zyashii" obzor neba. Poka predstavleny rezul'taty po 6300 kvadratnym gradusam. Zaregistrirovano okolo 4000 istochnikov. Zhdem pervogo kataloga!
Authors: Avishay Gal-Yam et al.
Comments: Submitted to ApJ.
Avtory proveli poisk vspyhivayushih radioistochnikov, svyazannyh s gamma-vspleskami i sverhnovymi. Tol'ko v dvuh sluchayah byli obnaruzheny radiotranzienty. V pervom sluchae eto sverhnovaya v blizkoi galaktike NGC 4216. A vot vo vtorom sluchae - eto nechto strannoe (ni sverhnovaya, ni gamma-vsplesk). Avtory vyskazyvayut dve gipotezy: vspyshka aktivnogo yadra ili vspyshka kakogo-to galakticheskogo kompaktnogo ob'ekta.
Avtory dayut vazhnye predely na polnoe chislo radiotranzientov na nebe i predskazyvayut, chto budushie bolee glubokie poiski dolzhny privesti k obnaruzheniyu radioistochnikov, svyazannyh s nenablyudavshimisya gamma-vspleskami.
Authors: M.G.F. Kirsch et al.
Comments: 12 pages, 7 figures
Krab (i pul'sar, i tumannost') s davnih por yavlyaetsya standartnym istochnikom dlya kalibrovki rentgenovskih sputnikov. Sootvetstvenno, est' ogromnoe kolichestvo dannyh. Avtor opisyvaet poslednie dannye s HMM-N'yuton i sravnivaet ih s massivom rannih rezul'tatov s raznyh sputnikov.
Authors: M.G.F. Kirsch et al.
Comments: 12 pages, 16 figures, SPIE paper number 5898-29
V dekabre 2004 HMM-N'yuton otmetil 5-letie s momenta zapuska. Razumeetsya, s samogo nachala raboty vsya apparatura nahoditsya pod pristal'nym vnimaniem specialistov. V stat'e opisyvaetsya kachestvo raboty vseh instrumentov na protyazhenii proshedshih pyati let.
Authors: J.Albert i Fort, et al
Comments: 36 pages obzor astro-ph/0508273 (The MAGIC Project: Contributions to ICRC 2005, Pune, India, Part 2: Future Plans and Developments)
Authors: J.Albert i Fort, et al
Comments: 39 pages obzor astro-ph/0508274 (The MAGIC Project: Contributions to ICRC 2005, Pune, India, Part 3: MAGIC Detector and Analysis Details)
Authors: J.Albert i Fort, et al
Comments: 58 pages
V treh stat'yah opisan proekt MAGIC.
Authors: G. Pojmanski, B. Pilecki, D. Szczygiel
Comments: 49 pages, 2 tables, appendix
Eto uzhe pyataya stat'ya v cikle, opisyvayushem katalog peremennyh zvezd, sozdayushiisya na osnove avtomaticheskogo obzora neba, provodimogo na nebol'shom instrumente. V stat'e dany rezul'taty po zvezdam, raspolozhennym mezhdu nebesnym ekvatorom i skoloneniem +28. Obnaruzhena peremennost' 11,509 zvezd yarche 15-i velichiny. Rezul'taty dostupny v Seti.
Authors: David N. Burrows et al.
Comments: 36 pages, 24 figures
SWIFT - eto gamma-sputnik, uzhe rabotayushii na orbite (zapusk sostoyalsya 20 noyabrya 2004 g.). Prednaznachen on v pervuyu ochered' dlya izucheniya gamma-vspleskov. V stat'e daetsya polnyi obzor instrumenta.
Authors: Baikal Collaboration
Comments: 4 pages, 5 figures, Proceedings of 29th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC) 2005, Pune, India
V svyazi s neskol'kimi konferenciyami poyavilos' srazu neskol'ko preprintov. podgotovlennyh raznymi dokladchikami, po poslednim rezul'tatam Baikal'skogo neitrinnogo eksperimenta (astro-ph/0507698, astro-ph/0507712, astro-ph/0507713, astro-ph/0507715).
Authors: J.K. Adelman-McCarthy et al.
Comments: 26 pages, 2 figures
Chetvertyi vypusk bol'she tret'ego primerno na 25 procentov. Predstavleny fotometricheskie dannye po 180 millionam ob'ektov. Spektry dostupny dlya 673 280.
Authors: A. M. Read et al.
Comments: 3 pages, 4 figures, XMM-Newton EPIC Consortium Meeting, Schloss Ringberg, Germany, April 2005, to appear in MPE Report
Ochen' interesnaya rabota. Vo vremya perenavedeniya sputnika XMM-Newton apparatura prodolzhaet rabotat'. Esli sobrat' eti dannye, to poluchitsya neplohoi obzor znachitel'noi chasti neba! Nesmotrya na maloe vremya ekspozicii za schet ogromnoi sobirayushei ploshadi chuvstvitel'nost' obzora sravnima s parametrami programm nablyudenii, provodivshihsya 15-20 let nazad.
Obrabotka dannyh tol'ko nachalas'. Avtory planiruyut poluchit' dannye po 25% nebesnoi sfery.
Authors: M. Chieregato et al.
Comments: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication on A&A
Avtory popytalis' vydelit' sredi istochnikov ROSAT te, kotorye ne imeyut otozhdestvlenii v drugih diapazonah. Posle otbrasyvaniya oblastei s vysokoi plotnost'yu ob'ektov (tam ochen' trudno provodit' otozhdestvleniya) avtory smogli vydelit' chetyre takih istochnika. Povtoryus', eto istochniki, vidimye v myagkom rentgenovskom diapazone, no nevidimye v drugih. Avtory obsuzhdayut vozmozhnuyu prirodu etih ob'ektov. Po suti est' chetyre versii: eto odinochnye neitronnye zvezdy (imenno poisk takih ob'ektov posluzhil motivaciei vsego proekta), aktivnye yadra galaktik (lacertidy, v pervuyu ochered'), skopleniya galaktik (svetit goryachii gaz), i tesnye dvoinye sistemy.
Authors: Barry Y. Welsh et al.
Eto pervaya versiya kataloga peremennyh i tranzientnyh ul'trafioletovyh istochnikov, nablyudavshihsya sputnikom Galex. V katalog popali 84 istochnika.
Authors: Lisa Kaltenegger
Comments: PhD thesis 2004, Karl Franzens Univ. Graz, 177 pages, download at: http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~lkaltenegger/
Sputnik Darvin nahoditsya na stadii razrabotki. On prednaznachen dlya poiska planet tipa Zemli. V dissertacii rassmatrivaetsya dva aspekta proekta. Vtoroi - bolee tehnicheskii, i ya ne budu o nem upominat'. A vot pervyi .... Eto sobstvenno spisok zvezd, kotorye budut nablyudat'sya. Vse, kogo ser'ezno interesuet poisk vnesolnechnyh planet tipa Zemli, priglashayutsya k prochteniyu.
Authors: Barry F. Madore
Comments: invited review; to be published in "The Spectral Energy Distribution of Gas-Rich Galaxies: Confronting Models with Data", 4-8 October 2004, Heidelberg, eds. Cristina C. Popescu and Richard J. Tuffs, AIP Conf. Ser.; for a high resolution version see http://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/March05/Madore/frames.html
My neodnokratno pisali o rabote i rezul'tatah sputnika GALEX, issleduyushego evolyuciyu galaktik (dazhe odna iz tem vypuska byla celikom posvyashena rezul'tatam s etogo sputnika). Zdes' zhe v odnoi stat'e mozhno naiti vse vazhneishie svezhie rezul'taty.
Authors: Michael Werner
Comments: 12 pages, 3 figures; to appear in proceedings of "The Spitzer Space Telescope: New Views of the Cosmos"
Istoriya kazhdogo bol'shogo kosmicheskogo proekta nachinaetsya zadolgo doego zapuska. V sluchae SIRTF - Kosmicheskogo teleskopa im. Spitcera - ot zamysla do realizacii proshlo bolee 30 let. Odin iz neposredstvennyh uchastnikov vseh etih sobytii predstavlyaet svoi vzglyad na istoriyu sozdaniya kosmicheskoi observatorii.
Authors: M.C. Weisskopf et al.
Comments: 71 pages, 66 Figures, Experimental Astronomy, volume 16, pp 1-68 2003
Bol'shushii obzor, soderzhashii istoriyu proekta, ego tehnicheskie detali i nekotorye rezul'taty. No v osnovnom - tehnicheskie detali. Opisanie detektorov, rezul'taty testov i t.d. i t.p.
Authors: Martin C. Weisskopf
Comments: 16 pages, 12 figures, to be published in Space Research Today
V obzore rasskazyvaetsya ob osnovnyh rezul'tatah, poluchennyh na sputnike Chandra za pyat' proshedshih let. V stat'e, razumeetsya, mnogo kartinok, nekotorye iz kotoryh my skompillirovali nizhe.
Authors: XENON Collaboration: Elena Aprile
Comments: 13 pages, 13 figures
Lyudi prodolzhayut popytki laboratornoi registracii chastic temnoi materii. Opisyvaemyi eksperiment budet ispol'zovat' tonnu zhidkogo ksenona dlya registracii WIMP - slabovzaimodeistvuyushih chastic. Poka idut testy s mnogo men'shim kolichestvom ksenona, ischislyaemom lish' kilogrammami.
Authors: Klaus Pretzl
Comments: 23 pages
Daetsya obzor razrabotki i ispol'zovaniya kalorimetrov v astrofizike i fizike elementarnyh chastic. Obzor dostatochno ponyatnyi i podrobnyi, nachinayushiisya s horoshego istoricheskogo vvedeniya. Ego mozhno vsyacheski rekomendovat'.
Authors: S. LeBohec et al.
Comments: 29 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in Astroparticle Physics
Rech' idet o nazemnyh nablyudeniyah na observatorii Whipple na 10-metrovom gamma-teleskope. Novaya apparatura pozvolit detektirovat' zhestkie gamma-kvanty (>100 MeV) vo vspyshkah s dlitel'nost'yu do 35 mikrosekund!
Authors: W. Alef
Comments: 8 pages, no figures.
V etoi rabote dan kratkii obzor istorii mezhkontinental'noi radiointerferometrii (VLBI) s uporom na tehnicheskie aspekty ee razvitiya. Rassmotreny deistvuyushie segodnya VLBI-sistemy i vozmozhnoe ih budushee sovershenstvovanie.
Authors: W. Alef
Comments: 8 pages. No figures. Proceedings of the 7th European VLBI Network Symposium held in Toledo, Spain on October 12-15, 2004. Editors: R. Bachiller, F. Colomer, J.-F. Desmurs, P. de Vicente (Observatorio Astronomico Nacional), p. 237-244.
Korotkii obzor, posvyashennyi oborudovaniyu sistem VLBI i istorii ego razvitiya. Razumeetsya, ne zabyty i plany na budushee. Rekomenduem!
Authors: P. Padovani
Comments: 10 pages, 2 figures, invited talk at the Astronomical Data Analysis Software & Systems XIV, Pasadena, USA, October 2004, P. L. Shopbell, M. C. Britton, and R. Ebert, in press
Prodolzhaetsya sozdanie/razrabotka proekta Virtual'noi observatorii. Sut' proekta v tom, chtoby mnozhestvo dannyh nablyudenii (imeyutsya vvidu arhivy) byli by dostupny astronomam cherez set' v edinom formate. Razumeetsya, rezul'taty s novyh missii i teleskopov budut potom popadat' v bazu Virtual'noi observatorii. Uzhe polucheny pervye rezul'taty.
Avtor predstavlyaet original'nye rezul'taty, poluchennye s pomosh'yu prototipa Virtual'noi observatorii. Iz dannyh GOODS udalos' vydelit' 68 ranee neizvestnyh aktivnyh yader vtorogo tipa (eto aktivnye yadra s sil'nym poglosheniem izlucheniya, vozmozhno za schet tora, vrashayushegosya vokrug central'noi sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyry).
Takzhe sm. eshe odnu stat'yu, posvyashennuyu Virtual'noi observatorii.
Authors: V.M. Lipunov et al.
Comments: 3 pages, 2 figures, Astronomische Nachrichten, 2004, 325, 580-582
Kratkoe opisanie sistemy MASTER, ustanovlennoi v podmoskov'e. Kompleks prednaznachen v pervuyu ochered' dlya poiska opticheskogo izlucheniya ot gamma-vspleskov na nachal'noi stadii vspyshki. Odnako proekt mozhet davat' (i daet) i drugie interesnye rezul'taty.
Authors: P. N. Wilkinson et al.
Comments: 14 pages, 2 figures in 2 PostScript files; to appear in "Science with the Square Kilometer Array," eds. C. Carilli and S. Rawlings, New Astronomy Reviews (Elsevier: Amsterdam)
Eto ocherednaya stat'ya iz trudov konferencii, posvyashennoi SKA - Square Kilometer Array. Avtory dayut obzor proekta, rassuzhdaya o tom, chto SKA vazhen ne kak instrument, kotoryi reshit kakie-to iz stoyashih seichas voprosv, a kak pribor, chto postavit pered nami novye voprosy. A ved' imenno tak i dvizhetsya progress.
Authors: James M. Cordes et al.
Comments: 16 pages, 4 figures in 4 PostScript files; to appear in "Science with the Square Kilometer Array," eds. C. Carilli and S. Rawlings, New Astronomy Reviews (Elsevier: Amsterdam)
Radionablyudeniya pri vsei svoei tochnosti (i uglovoi, i vremennOi) stradayut odnim nedostatkom: tam ochen' trudno vylavlivat' tranzientnye (vspyhivayushie) istochniki. Avtory pokazyvayut, chto vvedenie v stroi SKA pomozhet radikal'no izmenit' situaciyu. Daetsya spisok rekomendacii i po konstrukcii SKA, i po metodam nablyudenii, cel'yu kotorogo yavlyaetsya vydelenie tranzientnyh istochnikov v "slepom poiske".
Authors: R. G. Carlberg
Comments: invited contribution to IAU 225, Gravitational Lensing, eds G. Meylan and Y. Mellier (CUP)
Planiruetsya, chto v 2015 godu zarabotayut 30-ti metrovye teleskopy. Bezuslovno, u nih budet mnogo zadach. Odna iz nih svyazana s nablyudeniyami linzirovannyh ob'ektov. V chastnosti, mozhno budet bolee tochno vosstanavlivat' kartinu raspredeleniya mass v linze.
Na risunke nizhe pokazan rezul'tat modelirovaniya togo, kak mozhet vyglyadet' linzirovanie glazami 30-metrovogo teleskopa. Vazhnaya osobennost': vidny galaktiki do z=15
Modelirovanie kusochka neba razmerom 40 na 32 uglovyh sekundy. Pokazany galaktiki do krasnogo smesheniya z=15. Krasnye - kak raz samye dalekie galaktiki (sinie - samye blizkie).
V stat'e est' eshe horoshie kartinki.
Authors: C. Carilli, S. Rawlings
Comments: 6 pages, 3 tables, espcrc2.sty. to appear in Science with the square kilometer array, New Astronomy Reviews, (Elsevier, Amsterdam), eds. C. Carilli & S. Rawlings
Goryachaya tema proshlogo ( 84-go) vypuska byla posvyashena SKA. Vot stat'ya, kotoraya v nekotorom smysle dolzhna sluzhit' vvedeniem v proekt SKA.
Avtory kratko opisyvayut celi proekta i ego osnovnye sostavlyayushie.
Authors: Mathieu de Naurois
Comments: Invited talk at the XXIV Physics in Collisions Conference (PIC04), Boston, USA, June 2004, 10 pages, LaTeX, 13 eps figures. PSN TUET07
Nebol'shoi obzor po astrofizike gamma-luchei vysokih energii. Vklyucheny kak nedavnie otkrytiya, tak i opisaniya osnovnyh deistvuyushih i proektiruemyh ustanovok.
Authors: P. Padovani
Comments: 10 pages, 4 figures
Virtual'nye observatorii - revolyucionnoe napravlenie razvitiya astronomii poslednih let, kotoroe, vozmozhno, polnost'yu izmenit nash podhod k provedeniyu nablyudenii. Real'nye nablyudeniya i rabota s arhivnymi dannymi perestanut razlichat'sya.
V dannoi stat'e avtor obsuzhdaet sovremennyi status Virtual'nyh Observatorii v Evrope i ih vozmozhnoe primenenie k issledovaniyu zvezd klassa A.
Authors: Bjoern Malte Schaefer (MPA)
Comments: 10 pages, 14 figures, 1 table, submitted to MNRAS
Teleskop s kodiruyushei samkoi - sovremennoe razvitie idei kamery obskury. Na ego perednei poverhnosti nahoditsya ne odno, a otverstii, a poryadok ih raspolozheniya vybiraetsya takim obrazom, chtoby s pomosh'yu posleduyushei obrabotki mozhno bylo vydelyat' izobrazheniya otdel'nyh istochnikov.
Do sih port takie maski stroilis' na osnove ciklicheskih kodov. V dannoi rabote predlozhen drugoi metod, v kotorom ispol'zuyutsya sluchainye Gaussovy polya.
Authors: Gerald K. Skinner
Comments: 12 pages, 5 figures.
V stat'e predlozhena ahromaticheskaya kombinaciya difraktivnoi linzy Frenelya i refraktivnogo korrektiruyushego elementa dlya rentgenovskogo i gamma diapazonov. Korrektiruyushii element ispravlyaet nedostatki linzy Frenelya, no obladaet vysokim poglosheniem. Zamena korrektiruyushego elementa vtoroi linzoi Frenelya pozvolyaet izbavit'sya ot ukazannogo nedostatka. Dannye sistemy mogut primenyat'sya v astronomii i v komp'yuternoi litografii.
Varianty struktury linz
Authors: J.H. Debes & J. Ge
Comments: 19 pages, 5 figures, accepted to PASP
Pri poiske vnesolnechnyh planet po otrazhennomu imi svetu nado kak-to borot'sya so sverhmoshnym i ochen' blizko raspolozhennym istochnikom sveta - zvezdoi, ryadom s kotoroi i ishutsya planety. Gaussova aperturnaya maska - metod obrabotki izobrazhenii, snizhayushii blesk zvezdy na bol'shih rasstoyaniyah ot nee. V chastnosti, v eksperimentah na 100" teleskope Maunt Vilson (Mt.Wilson) v infrakrasnom diapazone udalos' dostich' kontrasta ~4x10-5 na masshtabe 10λ/D.
Authors: M. W. Werner et al.
Comments: Accepted for publication in the Astrophyscial Journal Supplement Spitzer Special Issue, 22 pages, 3 figures. Higher resolution versions of the figures are available at http://ssc.spitzer.caltech.edu/pubs/journal2004.html
Zaglavnaya stat'ya special'nogo nomera Astrophyscial Journal Supplement, posvyashennogo pervym rezul'tatam poslednei iz Velikih observatorii NASA - infrakrasnogo teleskopa imeni Spitcera.
Teleskop byl zapushen menee goda nazad, no uzhe dal mnozhestvo interesnyh rezul'tatov.
Authors: M.G.Revnivtsev et al.
Comments: 6 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy Letters
Rossiiskii sputnik GRANAT byl zapushen v konce 1989 goda i prorabotal na orbite okolo 8 let. Na sputnike bylo ustanovleno neskol'ko priborov. V tom chisle i SIGMA. Eto teleskop s kodiruyushei maskoi, pozvolyayushii (togda vpervye!) poluchat' izobrazheniya s uglovyh razresheniem v chetvert' gradusa v ochen' zhestkom rentgenovskom diapazone (ot 35 do 1300 keV).
Za 8 let raboty SIGMA otsnyala okolo chetverti neba. Osobenno tshatel'no nablyudalas' oblast' galakticheskogo centra.
Na etom risunke pokazano, kakaya chast' neba byla pokryta navedeniyami SIGMA. Otmechena tol'ko samye yarkie istochniki.
Na vtorom risunke privedena karta oblasti centra Galaktiki.
Poyavilos' srazu neskol'ko korotkih zametok po kosmicheskim lucham, gde avtory diskutiruyut
Authors: O. Fors et al.
Comments: 15 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX, uses aa.cls. Accepted for publication in A&A
Po nablyudeniyam pokrytiya zvezd Lunoi mozhno opredelyat' ih diametry! Ob etom byli populyarnye stat'i na russkom (sm. naprimer, rabotu E. Trunkovskogo).
V dannoi stat'e predstavleny rezul'taty primerno 40 nablyudenii. Dlya dvuh gigantov (30 Psc i V349 Gem) udalos' dostatochno tochno izmerit' diametry. Takzhe byli obnaruzheny ochen' tesnye dvoinye (SAO 164567, SAO 78258 i AG+24 788) s rasstoyanie mezhdu komponentami vsego lish' 0.006 uglovyh sekundy.
Authors: Sean N. Raymond et al.
Comments: Accepted by AJ -- 12 pages, 11 figures
Srazu ogovorimsya, predstavlyaemaya rabota - eto polnomasshtabnaya original'naya stat'ya, prinyataya v naibolee chitaemyi astronomami-nablyudatelyami zhurnal.
Vse znayut o vazhnyh dostizheniyah, poluchennyh v ramkah Sloanovskogo cifrovogo obzora neba. Takzhe my neodnokratno pisale o ryade vazhnyh "pobochnyh" rezul'tatov. Odnako, my nikogda ne pisali (da i ne chitali) ob interesnyh predlozheniyah po ispol'zovaniyu unikal'noi apparatury sozdannoi special'no dlya obzora (2.5-metrovyi teleskop i sistema CCD-kamer).
Avtory predlagayut ispol'zovat' unikal'nuyu sistemu dlya poiska okolozemnyh ob'ektov. Rech' idet vpervuyu ochered' o potencial'no opasnyh ob'ektah s razmerami okolo 1 km. Krome togo, takoe primenenie teleskopa privelo by k obnaruzheniyu mnozhestva drugih malyh tel v Solnechnoi sisteme, chto takzhe predstavlyaet bol'shoi interes (vozmozhno, bolee nauchnyi, chem prakticheskii, hotya, kto znaet?).
Authors: S. Cortiglioni et al.
Comments: 53 pages, 22 figures, accepted by NewA (in press)
SPOrt - The Sky Polarization Observatory (Observatoriya polyarizacii neba).
My neodnokratno pisali ob etom proekte, t.k. v nego vovlecheny rossiiskie
uchenye i sam apparat budet ustanovlen na MKS.
Osnovnoe naznachenie eksperimenta - izuchenie polyarizacii kosmicheskogo
izlucheniya (v pervuyu ochered' v prilozhenii k issledovaniyu reliktovogo fona).
Nablyudeniya dolzhny nachat'sya v 2006 g. i prodolzhatsya dva goda.
Avtory obsuzhdayut sovremennoe sostoyanie apparata ("nachinku" udalos'
sushestvenno uluchshit' po-sravneniyu s pervonachal'nym variantom proekta).
Krome togo, chitateli naidut rassuzhdeniya o vozmozhnyh rezul'tatah v svete
poslednih dostizhenii v izuchenii reliktovogo izlucheniya.
Authors: Daniel F. Lester et al.
Comments: 14 pages, 1 figure; submitted to Space Policy
Nuzhna li Luna astronomam?
V svyazi s planami razlichnyh stran po osvoeniyu Luny vozobnovlyayutsya diskussii
o lunnyh observatoriyah.
Avtory rassmatrivayut razlichnye varianty i prihodyat k takim vyvodam:
1. Esli sozdat' horoshuyu infrastrukturu, to stroitel'stvo observatorii mozhet
byt' ekonomicheski opravdano.
2. Odnako, razvitie tehnologii privelo k tomu, chto v dannyi moment
(poka infrastruktury net i neizvestno)
bolee perspektivnymi vyglyadyat nablyudeniya s okolozemnyh orbit.
Authors: E. L. Wright
Comments: Write up of 3 lectures delivered at the NATO ASI on "Frontiers of the Universe: Cosmology 2003" in Cargese, Sep 2003. 29 pages Latex with 21 figures. Slides from the lectures are available through http://www.astro.ucla.edu/~wright/cosmolog.htm
Konspekt treh lekcii po nablyudeniyam mikrovolnovogo reliktovogo izlucheniya.
Reliktovoe izluchenie - odin iz glavnyh istochnikov informacii v kosmologii. Kak horosho izvestno, seichas na orbite funkcioniruet amerikanskii sputnik MAR. Cherez neskol'ko let budet zapushen krupnyi evropeiskii apparat Plank. Krome togo, na Zemle rabotaet celaya armiya razlichnyh detektorov (vklyuchaya ustanovlennye na aerostatah). Poetomu est' progress i v tehnike, i v obrabotke dannyh, nu i sobstvenno v kosmologii.
Avtor nachinaet s samyh-samyh azov, no nado otmetit', chto rech' idet v osnovnom o tehnike (radioelektronike i t.p.). Ochen' rekomenduem posmotret' cvetnye slaidy po ssylke.
(Arhiv Metody nablyudenii: v.2, 2003,
v.1, 2002-2003)
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