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The R.A.P. Project (Reviews of Astro-Ph)

Solnce
(Arhiv Solnce:
v.2, 2003, v.1, 2002-2003)

Vypusk 199. 01-13 noyabrya 2008

obzor arxiv:0811.0787 Moshnye solnechnye vspyshki i vybrosy: obzor (Driving major solar flraes and eruptions: a review)
Authors: C.J. Schrijver
Comments: 33 pages, Advances in Space Research

Obzor po mehanizmam solnechnyh vspyshek. Osoboe vnimanie udelyaetsya nachalu vspyshki: chto vystupaet triggerom, kakie processy privodyat k vspyshke, mozhno li vspyshki predskazyvat' za dostatochno bol'shoi srok.

Obzor ne soderzhit formul. Vse opisanie slovesnoe plyus ponyatnye illyustracii. No vse ravno, eto ne samoe legkoe chtenie. V osnovnom potomu, chto podrazumevaetsya, chto chitatel' dostatochno "v teme".


Vypusk 198. 20-31 oktyabrya 2008

obzor arxiv:0810.3972 Istoriya solnechnoi aktivnosti skvoz' tysyacheletiya (A history of solar activity over millenia)
Authors: Ilya Usoskin
Comments: 84 pages, Living Review in Solar Physics, 5, 3 (2008)

Na dlinnoi vremennoi shkale solnechnuyu aktivnost' mozhno vosstanovit' po issledovaniyam nekotoryh izotopov (uglerod-14, berillii-10) v godichnyh kol'cah derev'ev, v ledyanyh otlozheniyah i tp. V obzore opisyvaetsya kak sama metodika, tak i rezul'taty, poluchennye s ee pomosh'yu. Chitaetsya legko, tema aktual'naya i interesnaya, poetomu vse zhelayushie priglashayutsya.


Vypusk 197. 13-19 oktyabrya 2008

arxiv:0810.2755 Peremennost' potoka solnechnyh neitrino i ee prilozheniya k fizike Solnca i neitrino (Solar neutrno variability and its implications for solar physics and neutrino physics)
Authors: P.A. Sturrock
Comments: 12 pages, 3 figures, ApJ Lett. 688 (Nov 20 2008)

Potok solnechnyi neitrino peremenen na vremenah poryadka 11-14 let. Vopros - a pochemu? Avtor opisyvaet dannye nablyudenii, obsuzhdaet raznye vozmozhnosti, i predlagaet ogranichenie na magnitnyi moment neitrino po etim dannym.


Vypusk 196. 01-12 oktyabrya 2008

miniobzor arxiv:0810.0441 Geliosfera vo vremeni (The Heliosphere in Time)
Authors: H-R. Muller et al.
Comments: 12 pages, to appear in Space Science Reviews

Geliosfera postoyanno izmenyaetsya, poskol'ku Solnce proletaet skvoz' mezhzvezdnuyu sredu s raznymi parametrami. Izmenyayutsya svoistva sredy - plotnost', temperatura, skorost' otnositel'no Solnca - "dyshit" geliosfera. Avtory obsuzhdayut kakoi mogla byt' geliosfera v proshlom i kakoi mozhet stat' v budushem. Vse eti izmeneniya "galakticheskoi pogody" mogut imet' sovsem neakademicheskoe znachenie! Ispol'zuya dannye radionablyudenii, avtory delayut vyvod, chto bolee 9 procentov vremeni Solnce provodit v teploi neitral'noi (ili chastichno ionizovannoi) srede.


Vypusk 182. 18-31 marta 2008

miniobzor arxiv:0803.3844 Tomografiya nedr Solnca (Tomography of the Solar Interior)
Authors: L. Gizon
Comments: 16 pages, Modern Physics Letters A, Vol. 21, No. 22 (2006) 1701-1715

Nebol'shoi obzor po gelioseismologii. Rasskazano, kak po nablyudeniyam oscillyacii Solnca pytayutsya vosstanovit' ego trehmernoe vnutrennee stroenie.

Sm. takzhe svezhuyu stat'yu Sensitivity of helioseismic gravity modes to the dynamics of the solar core.


Vypusk 178. 22-31 yanvarya 2008 goda

arxiv:0801.4031 Peresmotr dalekogo budushego Solnca i Zemli (Distant future of the Sun and Earth revisited)
Authors: Klaus-Peter Schroder, Robert C. Smith
Comments: 10 pages, MNRAS 2008, in print (accepted Jan. 23rd, 2008)

Na osnove novyh modelei zvezdnoi evolyucii avtory rassmatrivayut dalekoe budeshee Solnca i okruzhayushih ego planet, v chastnosti i Zemli. Krome togo, rezul'taty prilagayutsya k ozhidaemym svoistvam planet vokrug belyh karlikov.

V budushem Solnce budet sbrasyvat' veshestvo. Eto budet privodit' k rasshireniyu planetnyh orbit. S drugoi storony, esli planeta vse-taki okazhetsya slishkom blizko k rasshirevsheisya zvezde, to planeta budet tormizit'sya za schet vozdeistviya vneshnih sloev zvezdy (krome togo, vazhny i prilivnye sily). V itoge planeta po spirali budet padat' na zvezdu. Sootvetstvenno, est' nekotoroe kriticheskoe rasstoyanie: planety, nahodyashiesya (kogda zvezda nahoditsya na stadii glavnoi posledovatel'nosti, t.e. "seichas" v sluchae Solnechnoi sistemy) blizhe nekotorogo rasstoyaniya, upadut na zvezdu, kogda ona stanet gigantom. Po ocenkam avtorov dlya Solnca eto rasstoyanie ravno 1.15 astronomicheskoi edinicy. T.e., oni predrekayut Zemle dovol'no pechal'noe budushee. "Eto ochen' ogorchaet". Pravda, sluchitsya eto tol'ko cherez 7 s hvostikom milliardov let.

Krome togo, avtory issleduyut i drugie aspekty budushei evolyucii Solnca. V chastnosti, oni polagayut, chto nasha zvezda ne dast krasivoi planetarnoi tumannosti (hotya sbros veshestva, razumeetsya, budet znachitel'nym).

V zaklyuchenie podcherknu, chto konechno zhe modeli zvezdnoi evolyucii (dazhe dlya Solnca) poka ne dostigli toi tochnosti, chtoby pisat' chto-to v duhe "astronomy dokazali, chto..." (kstati, o perspektivah utochneniya modelei Solnca s pomosh'yu gelioseismologii mozhno prochest' zdes' arxiv:0801.4213). Predstavlen rezul'tat, poluchennyi v ramkah nekotoroi modeli. Kachestvenno, tam vse verno. No vot poruchit'sya za chisla vrode "1.15 a.e." poka mozhno lish' s opredelennoi stepen'yu uverennosti.

Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve ru_astroph.
Obsudit' na Astroforume v Nauchnoi panorame.


Vypusk 174. 01-13 dekabrya 2007

arxiv:0712.1763 Solnce vo vremeni: aktivnost' i okruzhenie (The Sun in Time: Activity and Environment)
Authors: M. Guedel
Comments: accepted by The Living Reviews in Solar Physics, 121 pages, 44 figures;

Avtor daet detal'nyi obzor togo, chto my znaem ob aktivnosti molodogo Solnca i o ego vozmozhnom vliyanii na formirovanie Solnechnoi sistemy i rannyuyu evolyuciyu planet v nei.


Vypusk 173. 20-30 noyabrya 2007

obzor arxiv:0711.4590 Gelioseismologiya i solnechnoe obilie elementov (Helioseismology and Solar Abundances)
Authors: Sarbani Basu , H.M. Antia
Comments: 116 pages, To appear in Physics Reports. Large file (1.6M PDF, 3.4M PS), 27 figures

Ogromnyi obzor po gelioseismologii. V poslednee vremya modeli zvezdnyh (i solnechnyh) kolebanii imeyut nekotorye protivorechiya s dannymi po obiliyu elementov. Avtory obsuzhdayut etu neprostuyu situaciyu.


Vypusk 172. 01-19 noyabrya 2007

miniobzor arxiv:0711.0007 Fundamental'nye fizicheskie processy v korone: volny, turbulentnost', peresoedinenie i uskorenie chastic (Fundamental Physical Processes in Coronae: Waves, Turbulence, Reconnection, and Particle Acceleration)
Authors: Markus J. Aschwanden
Comments: 12 pages, Proc. IAU Symp. 247, Waves and Oscillations in the Solar Atmosphere: Heating and Magneto-Seismology, (ed. R. Erdelyi)

Dostatochno polnyi obzor sovremennyh dannyh po solnechnoi korone. Poskol'ku seichas letaet srazu neskol'ko horoshih sputnikov, celenapravlenno izuchayushih solnce, to novyh rezul'tatov mnogo.


arxiv:0711.1715 Solnechnyi opticheskii teleskop na sputnike Hinode: obzor (The Solar Optical Telescope for the Hinode Mission: An Overview)
Authors: Tsuneta, et al
Comments: 41 pages

Hinode - eto pereimenovannyi Solar-B. Opticheskii teleskop na ego bortu - krupneishii solnechnyi instrument takogo tipa. Sputnik letaet (s sentyabrya 2006 goda) i uspeshno rabotaet. Opisanie teleskopa - v stat'e.

O nekotoryh rezul'tatah, poluchennyh na etom instrumente, mozhno prochest' tut: Properties of high-degree oscillation modes of the Sun observed with Hinode/SOT.


Vypusk 167. 25 avgusta - 10 sentyabrya 2007

obzor arxiv:0709.0081 Fotosfernye processy i magnitnye trubki (Photospheric processes and magnetic flux tubes)
Authors: O. Steiner
Comments: 48 pages, 33 figures, Lecture notes

Lekcii posvyasheny processam v poverhnostnyh sloyah Solnca. Dannye nablyudenii pokazyvayut inteersnye melkomasshtabnye struktury. S pomosh'yu chislennogo modelirovaniya udaetsya ponyat', chto zhe my nablyudaem.


Vypusk 163. 01-19 iyulya 2007

obzor arxiv:0707.2166 Hromosfernaya dinamika i obrazovanie linii (Chromospheric Dynamics and Line Formation)
Authors: R. Hammer, P. Ulmschneider
Comments: 35 pages, Lecture notes and review, held at Kodaikanal Winter School on Solar Physics, Dec 2006. This version contains corrected page numbers for some of the references

V obzore rassmatrivaetsya fizika obrazovaniya linii v burlyashih verhnih sloyah Solnca.


Vypusk 156. 24-30 aprelya 2007

arxiv:0704.3472 Gelioseismologicheskii analiz solncetryaseniya, vyzvannogo vspyshkoi 15 yanvarya 2005 g. (Helioseismic analysis of the solar flare-induced sunquake of 2005 January 15)
Authors: H. Moradi, A. -C. Donea, C. Lindsey, D. Besliu-Ionescu, P. S. Cally
Comments: 12 pages, 7 figures, published in MNRAS 374, 1155-1163 (2007)

Opisany otkrytie i nablyudenie odnogo iz samyh moshnyh solncetryasenii. Akusticheskie kolebaniya byli, po vsei vidimosti, zapusheny za schet energii chastic, uskorivshihsya vo vspyshke.


Vypusk 154. 01-12 aprelya 2007

obzor arxiv:0704.0823 Hromosfernye vspyshki (Chromospheric Flares)
Authors: Hugh S. Hudson
Comments: 22 pages

Podrobnyi obzor vsego, chto svyazano s hromosfernymi vspyshkami na Solnce.


Vypusk 153. 20-31 marta 2007

obzor astro-ph/0703637 Nablyudeniya solnechnoi hromosfery (Observing the Solar Chromosphere)
Authors: Robert J. Rutten
Comments: 22 pages, "Physics of Chromospheric Plasmas" (Coimbra), ASP 368, 27 (2007)

V obzore razbirayutsya dve temu: formirovanie hromosfernyh linii i poluchenie izobrazhenii hromosfery.


astro-ph/07036663 Gigantskii vsplesk za dva goda do kollapsa yadra massivnoi zvezdy (A giant outburst two years before the core-collapse of a massive star)
Authors: A. Pastorello et al.
Comments: 15 pages, 4 figures (supplementary information included). Accepted for publication in Nature

"Po-o-o-o-o-oberegis'!"
Primerno tak nekotorye massivnye zvezdy "soobshayut" o gryadushem v skorom vremeni vzryve sverhnovoi. V pechati uzhe poyavlyalis' soobsheniya o nablyudeniyah t.n. prekursorov, t.e. predvestnikov vzryva sverhnovoi. Vse oni imeli mesto dlya sverhnovyh tipa II. V etoi stat'e avtory soobshayut o nablyudenii prekursora sverhnovoi tipa Ib.

Za dva goda do vzryva proizoshla moshnaya vspyshka, nablyudavshayasya v optike. Poka neponyatno, chto stalo prichinoi vspyshki.

Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve ru_astroph.
Obsudit' na Astroforume v Nauchnoi panorame.


obzor astro-ph/0703711 Nedra Solnca - struktura, vrashenie, cikl solnechnoi aktivnosti (The solar interior - radial structure, rotation, solar activity cycle)
Authors: Axel Brandenburg
Comments: 45 pages, 17 figures, to appear in Handbook of Solar-Terrestrial Environment, eds. Y. Kamide & A. C.-L. Chian, Springer

Detal'nyi obzor po strukture Solnca i ego magnitnomu polyu.


Vypusk 149. 01-14 fevralya 2007

obzor astro-ph/0702068 Istoricheskie nablyudeniya solnechnyh pyaten: obzor (Historical Sunspot Observations: A Review)
Authors: J. M. Vaquero
Comments: 19 pages, 6 figures, to be published in Adv. Space Res

Krupnye solnechnye pyatna vidny nevoobruzhennym glazom. Poetomu v nekotorom smysle nablyudeniya etih obrazovanii imeyut ochen' dolguyu istoriyu. Istoricheskie hroniki pomogayut vosstanovit' (konechno, ne ochen' horosho, s probelami i neopredelennostyami) dannye o poyavlenii solnechnyh pyaten v proshlom. Etomu i posvyashen obzor.

Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve ru_astroph.
Obsudit' na Astroforume v Nauchnoi panorame.



Vypusk 144. 01-10 noyabrya 2006

obzor astro-ph/0611250 Vazhnye rezul'taty SUMER/SOHO (Significant Results from SUMER/SOHO)
Authors: B. N. Dwivedi
Comments: 24 pages, 15 figures

Solnechniki ne chasto baluyut chitatelei Arhiva, a tut srazu bol'shoi obzor.

Stat'ya posvyashena poslednim dannym so sputnikov (Yohkoh, SOHO, TRACE, i RHESSI) s uporom na rezul'taty SOHO.

Krasivye kartinki!

Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve ru_astroph.
Obsudit' na Astroforume v Nauchnoi panorame.


Vypusk 137. 16 iyunya - 30 iyunya 2006

astro-ph/0606426 Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennost' prodolzhitel'nosti solnechnogo cikla (Long-term Variability in the Length of the Solar Cycle)
Authors: Michael L. Rogers, Mercedes T. Richards, Donald St.P. Richards
Comments: 15 pages, including 8 figures

Kak izvestno, prodolzhitel'nost' solnechnogo cikla lish' v srednem blizka k 11 godam. Otkloneniya mogut byt' znachitel'nymi, prodolozhitel'nost' mozhet kolebat'sya ot 7 do 17 let. Svyazany li eti kolebaniya s chislom pyaten? Avtory issledovali izmeneniya chisla pyaten (yasno, chto podobnye issledovaniya provodilis' mnogokratno, raznica - v metodike analiza) i nashli period 188+/-38 let, kotoryi otrazhaet izmeneniya dliny solnechnogo cikla. Dlina cikla korreliruet s chislom pyaten: kogda pyaten men'she, cikl dlinnee.


Vypusk 130. 01-13 marta 2006

astro-ph/0603001 Opredelenie obiliya elementov na Solnce po dannym gelioseismologii (Determining solar abundances using helioseismology)
Authors: H.M. Antia, Sarbani Basu
Comments: 20 pages, To appear in ApJ

Vazhnaya rabota. Delo v tom, chto v poslednie gody poyavilis' spektroskopicheskie dannye, analiz kotoryi privel uchenyh k vyvodu o tom, chto ocenku soderzhaniya nekotoryh tyazhelyh elementov na Solnce nuzhno umen'shit' po sravneniyu s prinyatym znacheniem. Naibolee ser'eznaya popravka byla sdelana dlya kisloroda. Ocenku ego soderzhaniya predlagalos' umen'shit' v poltora raza (ne mogu ne vspomnit' slova Dzhona Bakala v ego knige "Neitrinnaya astrofizika" o tom, chto udivlyat'sya nado ne tomu, kak ploho astronomy znayut model' Solnca, a tomu, kak mnogo oni znayut, nesmotrya na to, chto imeyut delo s neprozrachnym ob'ektom, s kotorym nel'zya provodit' eksperimenty). Obshaya ocenka soderzhaniya tyazhelyh elementov v itoge dolzhna umen'shit'sya v 1.4 raza. NO!

No, eto spektroskopicheskie dannye. Est' i drugie. V pervuyu ochered', eto dannye po gelioseismologii. Tak vot, dva raznyh podhoda dayut raznye ocenki. Gelioseismologiya privodit k rezul'tatam, kotorye vyshe spektroskopicheskih. V etoi rabote avtory provodyat novyi analiz dannyh gelioseismologicheskih issledovanii. Novaya ocenka v predelah oshibok sovpadaet so standartnym znacheniem. T.e., vrode by, pereocenka soderzhaniya tyazhelyh elementov v Solnce ne nuzhna.


astro-ph/0603219 HD 98618: zvezda, ochen' pohozhaya na nashe solnce (HD 98618: A Star Closely Resembling our Sun)
Authors: Jorge Melendez et al.
Comments: ApJ letters, in press

Ishut, no tak i ne mogut naiti.... blizneca Solnca.

Dostatochno vazhno iskat' i izuchat' zvezdy, kak mozhno bolee pohozhie na nashe Solnce. Seichas blizhaishim dvoinikom schitaetsya zvezda 18 skorpiona (ee opoznali kak prakticheski polnuyu kopiyu Solnca okolo 10 let nazad). Tem ne menee, poiski dvoinikov prodolzhayutsya.

Avtory izuchili detal'nye spektry 16 solncepodobnyh zvezd. Rezul'tatom stalo vyyavlenie zvezdy HD 98618 v kachestve eshe odnogo "pochti dvoinika". Pochti, potomu chto, kak i v sluchae 18 skorpiona, nekotorye otlichiya vse-taki est'.

Razumeetsya, avtory govoryat kakie-to slova o zonah obitaniya i probleme SETI.


Vypusk 94. 13-21 dekabrya 2004

miniobzor hep-ph/0412068 Solnechnye modeli i solnechnye neitrino (Solar Models and Solar Neutrinos: Current Status)
Authors: John N. Bahcall
Comments: Neutrino Physics, Proceedings of the Nobel Symposium 2004, Enkoping, Sweden, August 19-24, 2004. Eds. L. Bergstrom, O. Botner, P. Carlson, P.O. Hulth & T. Ohlsson

Daetsya obzor sovremennyh predstavlenii o modeli solnca i raschetah potokov neitrino ot nego.

Sm. takzhe stat'yu New solar opacities, abundances, helioseismology, and neutrino fluxes.


Vypusk 93. 01-12 dekabrya 2004

astro-ph/0412096 Kak neopredelennosti v himicheskom sostave solnechnoi poverhnosti vliyayut na predskazaniya potoka neitrino (How do Uncertainties in the Surface Chemical Abundances of the Sun Affect the Predicted Solar Neutrino Fluxes?)
Authors: John N. Bahcall and Aldo M. Serenelli
Comments: 46 pages; software and data at http://www.sns.ias.edu/~jnb

Kak izvestno, problema solnechnyh neitrino do konca ne razreshena. Otvlekayas' ot neopredelennostei, svyazannyh s samimi trudnoulovimymi chasticami, avtory obsuzhdayut drugie tipy neopredelennostei, i pokazyvayut, chto klyuchevym yavlyaetsya netochnoe znanie obiliya razlichnyh himicheskih elementov na Solnce.


Vypusk 88. 11-17 oktyabrya 2004

miniobzor astro-ph/0410214 Himicheskii sostav Solnca (The solar chemical composition)
Authors: Martin Asplund, Nicolas Grevesse, Jacques Sauval
Comments: Invited review presented at "Cosmic abundances as records of stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis", F.N. Bash & T.G Barnes(editors). ASP conf. series, in press

Obzor posvyashen samym sovremennym dannym o himicheskom sostave Solnca, poluchennym po izmereniyam linii poglosheniya v spektre nashego dnevnogo svetila. Spektry, konechno, v obshem-to te zhe, chto i ran'she. No sam spektr neposredstvenno ne daet vam informacii o sostave. Neobhodimo stroit' model'. Eti modeli stanovyatsya vse bolee sovershennymi, a potomu poyavlyayutsya i novye bolee tochnye rezul'taty. Prichem izmeneniya dostatochno sushestvenny. Tak soderzhanie "metallov" teper' ocenivaetsya primerno v dva raza nizhe, chem schitalos' ranee.


Vypusk 85. 13-19 sentyabrya 2004

astro-ph/0409260 Novye otkrytiya v fizike solnechnogo vetra s pomosh'yu SOHO (New Insights into Solar Wind Physics from SOHO)
Authors: Steven R. Cranmer
Comments: 9-page invited review paper, 4 figures, to be published in proceedings of the 13th Cambridge Workshop on Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun, Hamburg, Germany, 5-9 July 2004, ESA

Opisyvaetsya missiya SOHO i ee dostizheniya v oblasti izucheniya solnechnogo vetra. Stat'ya napisana dostatochno ponyatno i prosto.


Vypusk 73. 16-31 marta 2004

astro-ph/0403382 Nesferichnost' Solnca i ee astrofizicheskaya znachimost' (The Sun Asphericities: Astrophysical Relevance)
Authors: J-P. Rozelot et al.
Comments: 14 pages, 9 figures

Davno izuchayutsya i uzhe dostatochno horosho izvestny takie "klassicheskie" fundamental'nye parametry Solnca, kak diametr, massa, svetimost', temperatura poverhnosti i t.d. Ne menee vazhnym parametrom yavlyaetsya dipol'nyi i kvadrupol'nyi momenty nashego svetila. Pod etoi velichinoi avtor podrazumevaet momenty, otnosyashiesya k gravitacionnomu polyu Solnca. Ego nesferichnost' vyzyvaetsya raspredeleniem massy vnutri zvezdy i ne svyazana neposredstvenno s formoi ee poverhnosti (t.e. fotosfery).

A proyavlyat'sya eti momenty budut, naprimer, v precessii orbit blizhaishih planet: Merkuriya (v pervuyu ochered'), Venery i Zemli. Prichem eto vliyaniya vpolne izmerimo planiruemymi na blizhaishee vremya eksperimentami.


Vypusk 67. 26-31 yanvarya 2004

astro-ph/0401568 Usovershenstvovannye tuluzskie solnechnye modeli (Updated Toulouse solar models including the diffusion-circulation coupling and the effect of $\mu$-gradients)
Authors: O. Richard, S. Th\'eado, S. Vauclair
Comments: to be published in Solar Physics

My redko pishem o Solnce po dvum prichinam:
1. My ne specialisty
2. v Arhive nechasto popadayutsya stat'i po etoi tematike
V dannoi rabote avtory predstavlyayut razvitie solnechnyh modelei, kotorymi ih gruppa zanimaetsya uzhe dostatochno davno. Problema v tom, chto pro Solnce my znaem uzhe ochen' mnogo: i neitrino, i gelioseismologiya, i .... I vse eto nado opisat' i ob'yasnit'.
"I vse odna? Tyazhelo-o-o-o-oo ...", kak govorila Gyul'chatai Suhovu.


(Arhiv Solnce:
v.2, 2003, v.1, 2002-2003)

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