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The R.A.P. Project (Reviews of Astro-Ph)

Tesnye dvoinye sistemy
(Arhiv Tesnye dvoinye:
v.2, 2003, v.1, 2002-2003)

Vypusk 199. 01-13 noyabrya 2008

miniobzor arxiv:0811.0247 Zhestkie rentgenovskie istochniki po dannym INTEGRAL/IBIS i ih izuchenie (Hard X-ray sources observed by INTEGRAL/IBIS and their science)
Authors: Pietro Ubertini on behalf of the IBIS Survey Team
Comments: 6 pages

Kompaktnyi, ochen' nasyshennyi obzor, posvyashennyi istochnikam, obnaruzhennym na sputnike INTEGRAL. V nebol'shom ob'eme summirovany vse osnovnye dannye po 421 istochniku, obnaruzhennym v diapazone ot 17 do 100 keV i vklyuchennym v tretii katalog INTEGRAL/IBIS. Dany harakteristiki raznyh klasov ob'ektov i tp.


Vypusk 195. 12-30 sentyabrya 2008

miniobzor arxiv:0809.2583 Nablyudeniya rentgenovskih dvoinyh v radiodiapazone s vysokim razresheniem (High-resolution radio observations of X-ray binaries)
Authors: James Miller-Jones
Comments: 10 pages. To appear in proceedings of "The Universe under the Microscope - Astrophysics at High Angular Resolution" (Bad Honnef, Germany, April 2008), eds. R. Schoedel, A. Eckart, S. Pfalzner, and E. Ros, published in Journal of Physics: Conference Series by Institute of Physics Publishing

Opisany rezul'taty nablyudenii s pomosh'yu VLBI. Rassmatrivayutsya sistemy s raznymi kompaktnymi ob'ektami: belymi karlikami, neitronnymi zvezdami, chernymi dyrami. Vo vremya vspyshek nekotorye iz tesnyh dvoinyh sistem s kompaktnymi ob'ektami stanovyatsya ochen' yarkimi (neskol'ko yanskih) radioistochnikami, i ih davno i uspeshno issleduyut metodami interferometrii so sverhdlinnoi bazoi. V otlichii ot aktivnyh yader galaktik tesnye dvoinye sistemy pokazyvayut gorazdo bolee korotkie harakternye vremena, poskol'ku poslednie masshtabiruyutsya s massoi chernoi dyry. T.e., vmesto let my imeem chasy. Eto pozvolyaet izuchat' dinamiku dzhetov i tp.


Vypusk 194. 01-11 sentyabrya 2008

obzor arxiv:0809.1076 Istochniki INTEGRAL: ot massivnyh rentgenovskih dvoinyh s sil'nym poglosheniem k bystrym rentgenovskim tranzientam so sverhgigantami (INTEGRAL sources: from obscured high mass X-ray binaries to supergiant fast X-ray transients)
Authors: S. Chaty
Comments: Lecture given in the First La Plata International School on Astronomy and Geophysics: Compact Objects and their emission, La Plata Observatory, 10-14 March 2008, Argentina, 20 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, editors P. Benaglia and G. Romero

Sputnik INTEGRAL, blagodarya vysokoi chuvstvitel'nosti v ochen' zhestkom rentgenovskom diapazone i dlitel'nym nablyudeniyam ploskosti Galaktiki, smog obnaruzhit' mnogo novyh interesnyh istochnikov, svyazannyh s tesnymi dvoinymim sistemami. Obnaruzheno dva novyh klassa istochnikov. Vo-pervyh, eto bystrye rentgenovskie tranzienty, u kotoryh donorom yavlyaetsya zvezda-sverhgigant. A vo-vtoryh, sistemy s ochen' bol'shim poglosheniem, prichem pogloshenie svyazano imenno s samimi sistemami, a ne nabiraetsya po doroge.

V stat'e daetsya podrobnyi obzor po etim sistemam, a takzhe kratko opisyvayutsya vazhnye dlya ponimaniya voprosy.


arxiv:0809.1105 Katalog tochechnyh rentgenovskih istochnikov po dannym dvuhmegasekundnyh nablyudenii galakticheskogo centra na Chandre (A Catalog of X-ray Point Sources from Two Megaseconds of Chandra Observations of the Galactic Center)
Authors: M. P. Muno et al.
Comments: 23 pages, 13 figures, 7 tables. Submitted to ApJ Supplements

Slozhiv dannye mnogih nablyudenii oblasti galakticheskogo centra, avtory poluchili zamechatel'nyi obzor ploshadki razmerom primerno 2 (po dolgote) na 0.8 gradusov. Tam vydeleno 9017 tochechnyh istochnikov. Provedena ih pervichnaya klassifikaciya.

Interesno, po moim prikidkam, tam dolzhno byt' neskol'ko odinochnyh akkreciruyushih neitronnyh zvezd. Vot by ih vydelit'!


miniobzor arxiv:0809.1800 Obrazovanie i evolyuciya kataklizmicheskih peremennyh (Formation and Evolution of Cataclysmic Variables)
Authors: H. Ritter
Comments: 14 pages, to appear in Mem. Soc. Astron. Italiana, Proceedings of the School of Astrophysics "Francesco Lucchin";

Nebol'shoi obzor po teme.


Vypusk 193. 15-31 avgusta 2008

arxiv:0808.2034 Rentgenovskie pul'sary glazami INTEGRAL (X-ray pulsars through the eyes of INTEGRAL)
Authors: A. Lutovinov, S. Tsygankov
Comments: 12 pages, 8 figures

Daetsya obzor rezul'tatov po nablyudeniyam rentgenovskih pul'sarov na sputnike INTEGRAL. Naibolee interesno opisanie zavisimosti energii ciklotronnoi linii ot svetimosti (eto izmereno dlya treh istochnikov). Takzhe rassmatrivaetsya evolyuciya periodov i zavisimost' doli pul'siruyushego ot razlichnyh parametrov.


Vypusk 192. 01-14 avgusta 2008

arxiv:0808.0519 Issledovanie novoi populyacii kompaktnyh ob'ektov: rentgenovskie i IK nablyudeniya galakticheskogo centra (Exploring a New Population of Compact Objects: X-ray and IR Observations of the Galactic Centre)
Authors: Reba M. Bandyopadhyay et al.
Comments: 4 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of The Second Kolkata Conference on Observational Evidence for Black Holes in the Universe'', ed. S. Charkrabarti, Kolkata, India; AIP Conf. Series

Fantasticheski vyglyadit! Eto ne opticheskoe, a rentgenovskoe izobrazhenie. Oblast' centra Galaktiki - vse nebo v almazah. Chandra vidit tam ob'ekty so svetimost'yu do 1031 erg v sekundu. Razumeetsya, otozhdestvlyat' istochniki v centre Galaktiki ochen' trudno. Tak chto raboty tam eshe mnogo.
P.S. Interesno, net li tam odinochnyh akkreciruyushih neitronnyh zvezd?


arxiv:0808.0932 Pervye izobrazheniya zatmennoi vzaimodeistvuyushei dvoinoi beta Liry (First Resolved Images of the Eclipsing and Interacting Binary Beta Lyrae)
Authors: M. Zhao et al.
Comments: 13 Pages, 3 Figures; Accepted by ApJL

S pomosh'yu opticheskih interferometrov vpervye udalos' v detalyah razglyadet' sistemu betu Liry, razreshiv ee na dva komponenta.

Izobrazhenie polucheno s pomosh'yu sistemy CHARA Array. Vidna zvezda donor (sleva) i disk vokrug vtorogo komponenta. Vidno, chto donor slegka vytyanut, t.e. vpervye udalos' rassmotret' napryamuyu iskazhenie formy vo vremya zapolneniya polosti Rosha.

Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve ru_astroph.
Obsudit' na Astroforume v Nauchnoi panorame.


Vypusk 191. 22-31 iyulya 2008

obzor arxiv:0807.4870 Prilivnaya dissipaciya v dvoinyh sistemah (Tidal dissipation in binary systems)
Authors: Jean-Paul Zahn
Comments: 24 pages, 11 figures, lecture notes of "Stellar Physics Summer School 2005", on "Tidal effects in stars, planets and disks", EAS Publication Series 29, 2008

Svezhaya lekciya odnogo iz klassikov. Ona posvyashena prilivnoi dissipacii v tesnyh dvoinyh sistemah. Zvezdy vozbuzhdayut drug v druge prilivy. Dalee, v zavisimosti ot stroeniya zvezdy (vneshnyaya konvektivnaya, ili vneshnyaya luchistaya obolochka) energiya prilivov budet dissipirovat'. Eto vse ochen' vazhno dlya raschetov evolyucii dvoinyh sistem.


Vypusk 189. 24 iyunya - 08 iyulya 2008

miniobzor arxiv:0806.3527 Slabye galakticheskie rentgenovskie dvoinye (Faint Galactic X-ray Binaries)
Authors: P.G. Jonker et al.
Comments: 8 pages, published in the proceedings of "A population Explosion", AIP Conference Proceedings Volume 1010, pp. 109-116

Seichas orbital'nye rentgenovskie teleskopy pozvolyayut izuchat' ochen' slabye galakticheskie istochniki rentgena. Avtory dayut korotkie obzor etoi oblasti. V tom chisle, obsuzhdayutsya neponyatnye istochniki, kotorye mogut byt' rentgenovskimi dvoinymi.


arxiv:0806.4114 Otozhdestvleniya rentgenovskih istochnikov v yadernom baldzhe (Counterparts to the Nuclear Bulge X-ray source population)
Authors: Andrew J. Gosling et al.
Comments: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, published in the proceedings of "A population Explosion", AIP Conference Proceedings Volume 1010, pp. 117-121

Chandra pozvolil razglyadet' v central'noi oblasti nashei Galaktiki mnozhestvo slabyh istochnikov, kotorye ran'she slivalis' v edinyi fon. Chto eto za ob'ekty ne vsegda yasno. Nuzhno otozhdestvlyat' istochniki vne rentgenovskogo diapazona. Avtory ispol'zuyut obzor UKIDSS-GPS, sdelannyi v blizhnem IK-diapazone. Im udalos' naiti vozmozhnye kandidaty dlya poloviny rentgenovskih ob'ektov.

Sm. takzhe arxiv:0806.4124.


Vypusk 188. 10-23 iyunya 2008

arxiv:0806.2815 Ochen' massivnaya dvoinaya NGC3603-A1 (The very massive binary NGC3603-A1)
Authors: O. Schnurr, A. F. J. Moffat, N. St-Louis, J. Casoli, A.-N. Chene
Comments: 5 pages, 4 figures; accepted for MNRAS Letters

V stat'e rasskazyvaetsya ob obnaruzhenii dvoinoi, sostoyashei iz dvuh ochen' massivnyh zvezd. Esli ocenki massy verny, to eto prosto samaya massivnaya dvoinaya: 116 (+/-31) i 89 (+/-16) mass Solnca. Prichem, bolee massivnyi komponent pary pretenduet na zvanie samoi massivnoi zvezdy.

Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve ru_astroph.
Obsudit' na Astroforume v Nauchnoi panorame.


Vypusk 187. 01-09 iyunya 2008

obzor arxiv:0806.1073 Fizika akkrecii iz zvezdnogo vetra (The Physics of Wind-Fed Accretion)
Authors: Christopher W. Mauche et al.
Comments: 9 pages including 5 color encapsulated postscript figures; LaTeX format, uses aipproc.cls, aip-6s.clo, and aipxfm.sty; submitted for inclusion in the proceedings of "Cool Discs, Hot Flows: The Varying Faces of Accreting Compact Objects," ed. M. Axelsson (New York: AIP)

Avtory chislenno issleduyut akkreciyu iz zvezdnogo vetra na kompaktnyi istochnik v tesnyh dvoinyh sistemah. Osoboe vnimanie udelyaetsya sisteme Vela X-1. Avtory ne tol'ko detal'no schitayut gidrodinamiku, no i akkuratno modeliruyut spektr.


Vypusk 186. 16-31 maya 2008

miniobzor arxiv:0805.2378 Mikrokvazary: svodka dannyh i perspektivy (Microquasars: summary and outlook)
Authors: I. F. Mirabel
Comments: Review based on courses given at international schools for graduate students and post-docs; 13 pages, 7 color figures

Nebol'shoi obzor po gruppe tesnyh dvoinyh sistem, v kotoryh pri akkreciyu na chernye dyry (hotya, pohozhe, est' sistemy i s neitronnymi zvezdami) voznikayut relyativistskie vybrosy (strui), za chto sistemy i prozvali mikrokvazarami.


arxiv:0805.2396 Millisekundnyi dvoinoi pul'sar s ekscentrichnoi orbitoi v ploskosti Galaktiki (An Eccentric Binary Millisecond Pulsar in the Galactic Plane)
Authors: D. J. Champion et al.
Comments: 28 pages, 4 figures inc Supplementary On-Line Material. Accepted for publication in Science, published on Science Express: 10.1126/science.1157580

Obnaruzhen interesnyi dvoinoi millisekundnyi pul'sar. Po otdel'nosti ego svoistva ne byli by stol' interesny, no ih kombinaciya zadaet zagadki. Eto millisekundnyi (2.15 msek) pul'sar, u kotorogo kompan'onom yavlyaetsya normal'naya zvezda solnechnoi massy, pri etom orbita imeet vysokii ekscentrisitet (0.44) i bol'shoi period (95 dnei), a nahoditsya sistema v ploskosti Galaktiki. Krome togo, ocenka massy neitronnoi zvezdy daet 1.7-1.8 mass Solnca (no eta velichina eshe mozhet, na moi vzglyad, preterpet' pereocenku).

Zagadka v tom, chto standartnye evolyucionnye shemy ne dayut takih sistem. Est' neskol'ko variantov ekzotichnosti, obsuzhdaemyh avtorami. Pervyi: pul'sar takim i rodilsya. Vtoroi: eto byla troinaya sistema. Tretii: pul'sar popal v ploskost' Galaktiki iz sharovogo skopleniya. Scenarii s troinoi vyglyadit naibolee privlekatel'nym.


Vypusk 185. 01-15 maya 2008

arxiv:0805.0140 Zvezdnaya ekzotika v 47 Tukana (Stellar Exotica in 47 Tucanae)
Authors: Christian Knigge et al.
Comments: 28 pages, 22 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ

Avtory podrobno predstavlyayut rezul'taty nablyudeniya skopleniya 47 Tukana, provedennyh v UF diapazone na Habble. Naideno mnogo ekzoticheskih ob'ektov. Tak vpervye obnaruzhena para goluboi brodyaga+belyi karlik, naidena (v dvoinoi sisteme) goryachaya malomassivnaya zvezda (eto, vidimo, "obodrannyi" gigant), a takzhe naiden gelievyi belyi karlik bez millisekundnogo pul'sara v kachestve soseda po dvoinoi.


Vypusk 183. 01-20 aprelya 2008

arxiv:0804.1282 Dvoinye sdB zvezdy s massivnymi kompan'onami (Binary sdB Stars with Massive Compact Companions)
Authors: S. Geier, C. Karl, H. Edelmann, U. Heber, R. Napiwotzki
Comments: 8 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of the 3rd Meeting on Hot Subdwarf Stars and Related Objects, U. Heber, S. Jeffery, Napiwotzki eds. 2008, ASP Conference Series, 392, 207

Avtory izuchili dvizhenie neskol'kih sdB zvezd, u kotoryh zapodozreny nevidimye kompan'ony. V nekotoryh sluchayah (pravda, v ramkah predpolozhenie o prilivnoi sinhronizacii, kotoroe neploho argumentirovano) udaetsya ogranichit' diapazon uglov naklona orbity, t.e., mozhno opredelyat' massy kompan'onov. Sredi 9 sluchaev pyat' kompan'onov mogut byt' belymi karlikami ili slabymi zvezdami glavnoi posledovatel'nosti. Eto ponyatno. No v chetyreh sluchaya massy poluchayutsya >1 solnechnoi. Znachit, kompan'onami yavlyayutsya massivnye belye karliki ili dazhe neitronnye zvezdy ili chernye dyry. Eto uzhe ne ukladyvaetsya v standartnuyu kartinu. Konechno, mozhet byt' dannye eshe budut peresmotreny, tem ne menee rezul'tat interesnyi.


Vypusk 179. 01-14 fevralya 2008 goda

miniobzor arxiv:0802.0391 Izuchenie akkreciruyushih neitronnyh zvezd i chernyh dyr s pomosh'yu vremennyh ryadov: za stepennym spektrom (Studying accreting black holes and neutron stars with time series: beyond the power spectrum)
Authors: S. Vaughan, P. Uttley
Comments: 13 pages, 6 figures, in "Noise and Fluctuations" Proc. SPIE vol. 6603

Akkreciya na neitronnye zvezdy i chernye dyry idet ne rovnym spokoinym potokom. Est' turbulentnye dvizheniya, razlichnye neustoichivosti i tp. Vse eto otrazhaetsya na krivoi bleska istochnika, na taiminge i td. Razumeetsya, astronomy "oborachivayut" zadachu: po taimingu, po nablyudeniyam fluktuacii svetimosti i drugim menyayushimsya harakteristikam oni pytayutsya uznat' chto-to novoe o processe akkrecii. O nekotoryh novostyah v takih issledovaniyah mozhno uznat' ih obzora.

Sm. takzhe stat'yu arxiv:0802.0376, posvyashennuyu analogichnomu voprosu, no tol'ko isklyuchitel'no dlya sistem s chernymi dyrami.


Vypusk 176. 20 dekabrya 2007-09 yanvarya 2008 goda

miniobzor arxiv:0801.0953 Zagadochnye slabye akkreciruyushie neitronnye zvezdy v nashei Galaktike (Enigmatic sub-luminous accreting neutron stars in our Galaxy)
Authors: Rudy Wijnands
Comments: 6 pages, Conference proceedings from 'A Population Explosion: The Nature and Evolution of X-ray Binaries in Diverse Environments', 28 Oct - 2 Nov, St. Petersburg Beach, FL

Razvitie tehniki nablyudenii v rentgenovskom diapazone pozvolyaet detal'no izuchat' dostatochno slabye istochniki v dvoinyh sistemah so svetimost'yu poryadka 1035 erg/s. Sredi nih est' i sil'no peremennye istochniki, i ob'ekty s dostatochno stabil'noi svetimost'yu. Po-vidimomu, bol'shinstvo yavlyaetsya neitronnymi zvezdami. Nekotorye iz nih mogut yavlyat'sya praroditelyami millisekundnyh radiopul'sarov. Etot poslednii moment delaet takie sistemy osobenno interesnymi. Krome togo, v nekotoryh sluchayah my mozhem poluchat' informaciyu o vnutrennem stroenii neitronnyh zvezd, esli nablyudaetsya teplovoe izluchenie, svyazannoe ne s akkreciei, a s zapasennym teplom i piknoyadernymi reakciyami.


Vypusk 175. 14-19 dekabrya 2007

arxiv:0712.2720 Rentgenovskoe naselenie Magellanovyh oblakov (X-ray source populations in the Magellanic Clouds)
Authors: F. Haberl, W. Pietsch
Comments:

Avtory summiruyut nashi znaniya o rentgenovskih istochnikah, nablyudaemyh v Bol'shom i Malom Magellanovyh Oblakah. Seichas, blagodarya rabote Chandry i HMM-N'yuton, schet idet na sotni. Osnovnoi upor avtory delayut na svoi rezul'taty po nablyudeniyam Malogo Oblaka na HMM-N'yuton.


Vypusk 199. 01-13 noyabrya 2008

miniobzor arxiv:0811.0247 Zhestkie rentgenovskie istochniki po dannym INTEGRAL/IBIS i ih izuchenie (Hard X-ray sources observed by INTEGRAL/IBIS and their science)
Authors: Pietro Ubertini on behalf of the IBIS Survey Team
Comments: 6 pages

Kompaktnyi, ochen' nasyshennyi obzor, posvyashennyi istochnikam, obnaruzhennym na sputnike INTEGRAL. V nebol'shom ob'eme summirovany vse osnovnye dannye po 421 istochniku, obnaruzhennym v diapazone ot 17 do 100 keV i vklyuchennym v tretii katalog INTEGRAL/IBIS. Dany harakteristiki raznyh klasov ob'ektov i tp.


Vypusk 172. 01-19 noyabrya 2007

arxiv:0711.2362 Kak vzaimodeistvie v dvoinyh vliyaet na zvezdnyi populyacionnyi sintez (How binary interactions affect stellar population synthesis)
Authors: Zhongmu Li, Zhanwen Han
Comments: 24 pages, 14 figures

V astrofizike aktivno primenyaetsya t.n. Populyacionnyi sintez. Odnim iz osnovnyh napravlenii, v kotoryh primenyaetsya eta metodika, yavlyaetsya issledovanie zvezdnogo sostava galaktik po ih integral'nym spektram. Iznachal'no pri takih rabotah ispol'zovalis' tol'ko spektry odinochnyh zvzd. Odnako okolo poloviny zvezd vhodit v sostav dvoinyh sistem (ili sistem bol'shei kratnosti). Otnositel'no nedavno nachali uchityvat' i eto. V stat'e dostatochno detal'no rassmatrivaetsya etot vopros i demonstriruyutsya novye rezul'taty.

Nesmotrya na to, chto nekotorye parametry "plyvut" posle ucheta dvoinyh, avtory polagayut, chto rezul'taty, poluchenye pri ispol'zovanii lish' odinochnyh zvezd vpolne horoshi dlya mnogih celei. Krome togo, oni pokazyvayut, kak ih mozhno "perenormirovat'", chtoby uchest' vklad dvoinyh.


miniobzor arxiv:0711.2579 Ogranicheniya na uravnenie sostoyaniya neitronnyh zvezd po malomassivnym rentgenovskim dvoinym v spokoinom sostoyanii (Constraining the neutron star equation of state using quiescent low-mass X-ray binaries)
Authors: P.G. Jonker
Comments: 7 pages, 3 figures, proceedings "40 years of pulsars" conference

Dlya polucheniya ogranichenii na modeli vnutrennego stroeniya neitronnyh zvezd ispol'zuyutsya opredeleniya mass i radiusov neitronnyh zvezd, a takzhe vydelenie massivnyh ob'ektov (t.k. dlya raznyh uravneniei sostoyaniya verhnie predely na massu razlichny, a potomu obnaruzhenie dazhe odnoi ochen' massivnoi neitronnoi zvezdy razom perecherkivaet bol'shuyu gruppu t.n. myagkih uravnenii sostoyaniya). Vse eto mozhno delat', provodya detal'nye issledovaniya malomassivnyh rentgenovskih dvoinyh v spokoinom sostoyanii.

"Spokoinoe" oznachaet. Chto net akkrecii, i zvezda svetit za schet zapasennogo tepla i piknoyadernyh reakcii. Dlya mnogih istochnikov neploho izvestny rasstoyaniya (osobenno, esli dvoinaya nahoditsya v sharovom skoplenii), poetomu mozhno delat' horoshie ocenki radiusa. Dvoistvennost' pozvolyaet ocenivat' massu. Ochen' bystroe ohlazhdenie govorit o nalichii pryamogo URKA processa. On vozmozhen tol'ko pri dostatochno bol'shih plotnostyah, kotorye ne dlya vseh uravnenii sostoyaniya dostupny.

Vse eto i obozrevaetsya v obzore.

Poputno otmechu obzor po strannym zvezdam arxiv:0711.2639.


Vypusk 171. 17-31 oktyabrya 2007

arxiv:0710.3165 Chernaya dyra s massoi 15.65 solnechnyh v zatmennoi dvoinoi sisteme v blizkoi spiral'noi galaktike M33 (A 15.65 solar mass black hole in an eclipsing binary in the nearby spiral galaxy Messier 33)
Authors: Jerome A. Orosz et al.
Comments: To appear in Nature October 18, 2007. Four figures (one color figure degraded). Differs slightly from published version. Supplementary Information follows in a separate posting

Avtory soobshayut o tom, chto ocenka massy chernoi dyry v odnoi iz vnegalakticheskih tesnyh dvoinyh sistem okazalos' dovol'no vysokoi - okolo 16 mass Solnca. Eto rekord. Ocenku udalos' sdelat' blagodarya tomu, chto v sisteme nablyudayut zatmeniya, t.e. my vidim ee pochti s rebra. Eto pozvolyaet poluchit' ne tol'ko nizhnii predel (funkciyu mass), no i ocenku massy chernoi dyry.

Otmechu, chto vse-taki ne stoit preuvelichivat' tochnost' ocenki. Sami avtory govoryat o 14-17 mass Solnca, no eto ne znachit, chto ne mozhet byt' i 13, ili 12 ....

Poyavlenie takih chernyh dyr ne yavlyaetsya chem-to neozhidannym. Raschety pozvolyayut poluchat' i neskol'ko bolee massivnye chernye dyry v rezul'tate normal'nogo kollapsa yader massivnyh zvezd (drugoe delo, chto v dvoinoi sisteme poyavlyayutsya dopolnitel'nye slozhnosti - massa "utekaet" na zvezdu-sosedku ili rasseivaetsya v prostranstve na t.n. stadii "obshei obolochki"). Tem ne menee, esli ocenka podtverditsya, rezul'tat kraine vazhen, ibo raschety raschetami, a astronomiya - nauka nablyudatel'naya. Nu a u teoretikov poyavilas' dopolnitel'naya zadacha - ob'yasnit' formirovanie takoi dyry v tesnoi dvoinoi sisteme s izvestnymi parametrami.

Dopolnitel'nye materialy k stat'e nahodyatsya zdes': arxiv:0710.3168.

Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve ru_astroph.
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Vypusk 169. 19-30 sentyabrya 2007

obzor arxiv:0709.3732 Kompaktnye ob'ekty v sharovyh skopleniyah (Compact objects in globular clusters)
Authors: Thomas J. Maccarone, Christian Knigge
Comments: 20 pages, review article accepted for October edition of Astronomy & Geophysics. A more colorful version of this paper with a few extra figures will appear in A&G. The scientific content is the same in both versions

Format stat'i "prostovatyi", zato soderzhanie ochen' i ochen'. Zasluzhivaet prochteniya.

Avtory dayut polnyi obzor po nablyudeniyam razlichnyh kompaktnyh ob'ektov v sharovyh skopleniyah. Eto i radionablyudeniya millisekundnyh pul'sarov, i rentgenovskie nablyudeniya razlichnyh istochnikov v dvoinyh sistemah, i koe-chto drugoe.

Kak izvestno, sharovye skopleniya - eto dostatochno starye ob'ekty. Poetomu molodyh neitronnyh zvezd tam malo. Kazalos' by, i aktivnyh kompaktnyh ob'ektov tam dolzhno byt' men'she. V deistvitel'nosti vse ne tak prosto. Za schet vzaimodeistvii drug s drugom zvezdy mogut obrazovyvat' pary. V itoge, temp obrazovaniya nekotoryh tipov ob'ektov v sharovyh skopleniyah raz v sto vyshe, chem v diske Galaktiki. Poetmou nekotorye sharoviki pryamo-taki napichkany inteersnymi sistemami. Pro vse eto mozhno prochest' v obzore (zaodno otmechu, chto zhurnal Astronomy & Geophysics voobshe otlichaetsya interesnymi obzorami).


Vypusk 168. 11-18 sentyabrya 2007

arxiv:0709.2676" Pervye polyarimetricheskie dannye po infrakrasnym dzhetam v rentgenovskih dvoinyh (The first polarimetric signatures of infrared jets in X-ray binaries)
Authors: T. Shahbazet al.
Comments: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted by ApJ

Predstavleny polyarimetricheskie nablyudeniya treh rentgenovskih dvoinyh (Sco X-1, Cyg X-2, GRS1915+105) v blizhnem IK diapazone. Dlya vseh treh polyarizciya obnaruzheno, no dlya GRS1915+105 ona mozhet byt' svyazana s vozdeistviem mezhzvezdnoi sredy, a dlya dvuh drugih - net. Avtory polagayut, chto prichinoi polyarizacii mozhet byt' sinhrotronnyi mehanizm izlucheniya. Togda, my zaglyadyvaem v samuyu vnutrennyuyu oblast' dzheta, glubzhe, chem eto mozhno sdelat' v radiodiapazone!


Vypusk 167. 25 avgusta - 10 sentyabrya 2007

arxiv:0708.3615 Relyativistskie linii izlucheniya zheleza ot malomassivnyh rentgenovskih dvoinyh v roli izmeritelei radiusov neitronnyh zvezd (Relativistic iron emission lines in neutron star low-mass X-ray binaries as probes of neutron star radii)
Authors: Edward M. Cackett, et al.
Comments: 5 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables, submitted to ApJL

Avtory opisyvayut nablyudeniya na sputnike Suzaku. Cel'yu bylo issledovanie linii zheleza v spektrah malomassivnyh rentgenovskih dvoinyh. Izuchenie etih linii mozhet pozvolit' dat' sushestvennye ogranicheniya na radiusy neitronnyh zved. Ideya v tom, chtoby detal'no rassmotret' linii, ispuskaemye s vnutrennego kraya akkrecionnogo diska. Yasno, chto razmer neitronnyi zvezdy men'she. Poskol'ku dlya nekotoryh malomassivnyh rentgenovskih dvoinyh vnutrennii krai diska podbiraetsya ochen' blizko k poverhnosti kompaktnogo ob'ekta, mozhno postavit' horoshii verhnii predel na razmer neitronnoi zvezdy. Predely sootvetstvuyut radiusam poryadka 14.5-16.5 km, esli predpolozhit', chto massy neitronnyh zvezd ravny 1.4 solnechnyh.

Sm. takzhe arxiv:0708.3648, gde rech' idet o nablyudenii linii zheleza ot odnogo iz ob'ektov, popavshem v lenty novostei. I arxiv:0708.3816, gde primenyaetsya drugoi podhod dlya ogranicheniya razmerov i mass neitronnyh zvezd na osnove ih rentgenovskih spektrov.


arxiv:0709.0061 GRB060602B = Swift J1749.4-2807: neobychnaya tranzientnaya dvoinaya s neitronnoi zvezdoi (GRB060602B = Swift J1749.4-2807: an unusual transiently accreting neutron-star X-ray binary)
Authors: Rudy Wijnands et al.
Comments: submitted to MNRAS

Pohozhe, chto odin iz gamma-vspleskov na samom dele yavlyaetsya neobychnoi vspyshkoi na neitronnoi zvezde v tesnoi dvoinoi sisteme. Avtory polagayut, chto ne isklyucheno, chto est' mnogo sistem takogo tipa, no poka oni uskol'zayut ot nablyudatelei iz-za trudnoulovimosti ih vspyshek.


arxiv:0709.0633 Nablyudeniya Malogo Magellanova oblaka na Integrale (INTEGRAL observations of the Small Magellanic Cloud)
Authors: V.A. McBride et al.
Comments: Accepted for publication in MNRAS

Opisany rezul'taty dovol'no staryh (2003 god) nablyudenii Malogo Magellanovogo oblaka na sputnike Integral. Pribory uvideli dva istochnika. Odin iz nih chetko otozhdestvlyaetsya kak izvestnaya sistema SMC X-1. Vtoroi istochnik ne otozhdestvlen. Vozmozhno, chto eto ranee neizvestnaya rentgenovskaya dvoinaya (skoree vsego rentgenovskii pul'sar s massivnym kompan'onom i akkreciei cherez vnutrennyuyu tochku lagranzha).


arxiv:0709.0829 Dlinnye gamma-vspleski ot dvoinyh zvezd: ubegayushie Vol'f-Raie praroditeli (Long GRBs from binary stars: runaway, Wolf-Rayet progenitors)
Authors: M.Cantiello, S.-C.Yoon, N.Langer, M.Livio
Comments: 6 pages, To appear in the proceedings of the conference "Unsolved problems in stellar physics" - Cambridge, July 2007

Dlya poyavleniya dlinnogo gamma-vspleska, chto v naibolee populyarnom scenarii svyazyvaetsya s kollapsom yadra dostatochno massivnoi zvezdy, neobhodimo bystroe vrashenie yadra zvezdy. Obychno zvezdy dostatochno effektivno zamedlyayutsya. Raskrutit' zvezdu mozhno v tesnoi dvoinoi sisteme. Krome togo, bylo predlozheno, chto pri maloi metallichnosti zvezdy ostayutsya dostatochno bystrovrashayushimisya. V dannoi stat'e predstavlen analiz situacii, v kotoroi malometallichnaya zvezda vhodit v tesnuyu dvoinuyu sistemu.

Vo-pervyh, pokazano, chto v takoi dvoinoi mozhno poluchit' usloviya, pri kotoryh vtoraya (menee massivnaya) zvezda dast gamma-vsplesk. Vo-vtoryh, sistema raspadaetsya posle pervogo vzryva, poetomu mozhno ozhidat', chto predsverhnovaya budet ubegayushei zvezdoi. Eto znachit, chto ona proidet neskol'ko sot parsek do porozhdeniya vspleska. Nakonec, poskol'ku skoree vsego napravlenie dzheta budet perpendikulyarno skrosti zvezdy , mozhno sdelat' predskazaniya otnositel'no svoistv sredy vokrug vzryvayusheisya zvezdy. Eto vazhno dlya opisaniya svoistv poslesvechenii (oreolov) gamma-vspleskov.


Vypusk 166. 14-24 avgusta 2007

arxiv:0708.1792 Izluchayushaya kolonka i krivye bleska dvoinyh rentgenovskih pul'sarov (Radiative Column and Light Curve of X-Ray Binary Pulsars)
Authors: S. Karino
Comments: 13 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ

V teorii radiopul'sarov, gde voobshe mnogo belyh pyaten, est' vazhnyi nereshennyi vopros. Svyazan on s izmeneniem ugla mezhdu os'yu vrasheniya i os'yu magnitnogo dipolya. V modeli magnito-dipol'nyh poter' etot ugol umen'shaetsya (osi stremyatsya stat' parallel'nymi drug drugu). V modeli tokovyh poter' (Beskin, Gurevich, Istomin) - ugol stremitsya k 90 gradusam. Dannye po radiopul'saram ne dayut vozmozhnosti vybrat' mezhdu dvumya variantami. Nekotoroe vremya nazad mne stalo yasno, chto mogut pomoch' rentgenovskie pul'sary, osobenno v sistemah, gde kompan'onom yavlyaetsya massivnaya zvezda, a akkreciya idet iz zvezdnogo vetra. V takih sistemah proshlo malo vremeni s teh por, kak neitronnaya zvezda ushla so stadii ezhekcii. Krome togo, akkrecionnyi potok takov, chto sam on ne mozhet sushestvenno povliyat' na ugol. Znachit, izuchiv raspredelenie uglov dlya neitronnyh zvezd v takih sistemah, mozhno uznat', kakimi byli ugly na moment okonchaniya stadii ezhekcii. Odnako opredelit' ugol dlya rentgenovskogo pul'sara tozhe ne ochen' prosto. Dlya etogo nado postroit' dovol'no slozhnuyu model'. Imenno eto i sdelano avtorom predlagaemoi stat'i.

Avtor postroil model' izlucheniya rentgenovskogo pul'sara. Dlya 117 istochnikov polucheny ocenki uglov. Oni pokazyvayut, chto ugly neveliki. Avtor ne obsuzhdaet opisannyi vyshe aspekt - "eksgumaciyu" radiopul'sarov dlya opredeleniya povedeniya uglov na stadii ezhekcii. Odnako na moi vzglyad, rezul'taty svidedel'stvuyut v pol'zu togo, chto ugly ne stremyatsya k 90 gradusam. Pravda, eto ne oznachaet, chto model' tokovyh poter' neverna. Deistvitel'nost' neskol'ko slozhnee. Delo v tom, chto na vtoroi chasti stadii ezhekcii - stadii mertvogo radiopul'sara - ugol mozhet evolyucionirovat' v storonu umen'sheniya. No po krainei mere yasno, chto v itoge6 na moment okonchaniya stadii ezhekcii, ugly maly.


Vypusk 165. 01-13 avgusta 2007

obzor arxiv:0708.0148 Modelirovanie povedeniya akkrecionnyh techenii v rentgenovskih dvoinyh (Modelling the behaviour of accretion flows in X-ray binaries)
Authors: Chris Done, Marek Gierlinski, Aya Kubota
Comments: 76 pages, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics Reviews

Bol'shoi podrobnyi obzor. Prichinoi dlya ego napisaniya posluzhil rost dannyh po tesnym dvoinym sistemam s kompaktnymi ob'ektami. Blagodarya mnogovolnovym nablyudeniyam - ot radio do gamma - udaetsya poluchat' dannye o povedenii i diskov, i dzhetov. Chto, v svoyu ochered', pozvolyaet stroit' modeli, v kotoryh zavyazana evolyuciya diska i dzheta.


arxiv:0708.0226 GRB070610: lyubopytnyi galakticheskii tranzient (GRB070610 : A Curious Galactic Transient)
Authors: M. M. Kasliwal et al.
Comments: Submitted to ApJ, 17 pages, 11 figures, 5 tables

10 iyunya etogo goda sputnik SWIFT uvidel ocherednoi gamma-vsplesk. Nu uvidel - i uvidel. On ih chasto vidit, dlya togo i zapuskali. No vse ne tak prosto. Vozmozhno, chto my imeem delo s interesnym otkrytiem.

Sputnik SWIFT neset na bortu pribory, pozvolyayushie opredelyat' polozhenie vspleska s dostatochno vysokoi tochnost'yu (neskol'ko uglovyh minut). Posle vspleska, dlivshegosya 5 sekund (normal'nyi vsplesk, klassificiruemyi kak "dlinnyi") v toi oblasti, iz kotoroi prishel vsplesk udalos' uvidet' peremennyi rentgenovskii istochnik. Opticheskie nablyudeniya etoi oblasti pokazali, chto spektr pohozh na spektr zvezdy klassa K (eto mozhet byt' sub-gigant ili karlik, t.e. obychnaya zvezda glavnoi posledovatel'nosti). Vse eto govorit o tom, chto my vidim tesnuyu dvoinuyu sistemu, skoree vsego s chernoi dyroi. Esli eta sistema imeet otnoshenie k vsplesku, to eto ochen' vazhnyi rezul'tat! Eto oznachaet, chto dvoinye chernye dyry (v pare s malomassivnym kompan'onom) mogut pokazyvat' ochen' interesnyi tip aktivnosti, kotoryi "podmeshivaetsya" k obychnym gamma-vspleskam!

Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve ru_astroph.
Obsudit' na Astroforume v Nauchnoi panorame.


Vypusk 164. 20-31 iyulya 2007

arxiv:0707.2802 Opredelenie mass neitronnyh zvezd v SMC X-1, LMC X-4 i Cen X-3 po dannym VLT/UVES (Determination of the mass of the neutron star in SMC X-1, LMC X-4 and Cen X-3 with VLT/UVES)
Authors: A. van der Meer, L. Kaper, M. H. van Kerkwijk, M. H. M. Heemskerk, E.P.J. van den Heuvel
Comments: 20 pages, Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics

Utochneny znacheniya mass neitronnyh zvezd v treh rentgenovskih dvoinyh. Znacheniya takie 1.06+0.11/-0.10 mass Solnca dlya SMC X-1, 1.25+0.11/-0.10 - dlya LMC X-4, i 1.34+0.16/-0.14 - dlya Cen X-3, Obratite vnimanie na nizkoe znachenie dlya SMC X-1.


Vypusk 163. 01-19 iyulya 2007

katalog arxiv:0707.0544 Katalog malomassivnyh rentgenovskih dvoinyh v Galaktike i Magellanovyh oblakah (chetvertoe izdanie) (A catalogue of low-mass X-ray binaries in the Galaxy, LMC, and SMC (Fourth edition))
Authors: Q.Z. Liu, J. van Paradijs, E.P.J. van den Heuvel
Comments: 45 pages, catalogue included A&A published, 2007, A&A, 469, 807

Predstavlena novaya versiya kataloga malomassivnyh rentgenovskih dvoinyh. Vklyucheny ob'ekty nashei Galaktiki, a takzhe Magellanovyh oblakov. Vsego katalog vklyuchaet 187 istochnikov.


katalog arxiv:0707.0549 Katalog massivnyh rentgenovskih dvoinyh v Galaktike (chetvertoe izdanie) (Catalogue of high-mass X-ray binaries in the Galaxy ($4^{th}$ edition))
Authors: Q.Z. Liu, J. van Paradijs, E.P.J. van den Heuvel
Comments: 25 pages, table included A&A published, 2006, A&A, 455, 1165

Novaya versiya kataloga massivnyh rentgenovskih dvoinyh. V nego popalo 114 sistem, prinadlezhashih nashei Galaktike.


arxiv:0707.1880 Sverhorbital'naya peremennost' rentgenovskogo i radioizlucheniya ot Cyg X-1: I. Anizotropiya izlucheniya precessiruyushih istochnikov (Superorbital variability of X-ray and radio emission of Cyg X-1. I. Emission anisotropy of precessing sources)
Authors: A. Ibragimov et al.
Comments: 10 pages, 9 figures and 2 tables, accepted to MNRAS

U izvestnogo kandidata v chernye dyry Cyg X-1 sushestvuet modulyaciya izlucheniya s periodom okolo 150 dnei. Eto mnogo bol'she orbital'nogo perioda. Blagodarya novym dannym avtory poluchili vozmozhnost' dostatochno podrobno issledovat' etu peremennost'. Veroyatnee vsego, my imeem delo s precessiei akkrecionnogo diska. Takoe yavlenie nablyudaetsya i u drugoi izvestnoi sistemy - SS 433. Voobshe, sistemy ochen' pohozhi! Tol'ko rezhimy akkrecii raznye.


Vypusk 161. 09-19 iyunya 2007

arxiv:0706.1505 Gamma-izluchenie ochen' vysokoi energii ot chernoi dyry zvezdnoi massy Cygnus X-1 (Very High Energy Gamma-ray Radiation from the Stellar-mass Black Hole Cygnus X-1)
Authors: MAGIC Collaboration: J. Albert, et al
Comments: 4 ApJL-formatted pages, 4 figures. Submitted to ApJL

S pomosh'yu nazemnogo gamma-teleskopa MAGIC provedeny nablyudeniya samoi izvestnoi sistemy s chernoi dyroi (ili, strogo govorya, s kandidatom v chernye dyry) - Lebed' H-1. Nikakogo postoyannogo gamma-izlucheniya obnaruzheno ne bylo. Zato est' slaboe (na urovne 4 sigma) ukazanie na to, chto byla obnaruzhena vspyshka. Prichem vspyshka sovpala s rentgenovskoi. Esli gamma-vspyshka real'na, to eto pervyi primer obnaruzheniya gamma-izlucheniya TeVnoi energii ot kandidata v chernye dyry (napomnyu, chto let 20 nazad po etomu povodu bylo mnogo diskussii, i togda ne udalos' dokazat' real'nost' signalov, o kotoryh zayavlyali neskol'ko grupp issledovatelei).

Nablyudeniya etogo istochnika obsuzhdayutsya takzhe v e-printe arxiv:0706.1372. V nem predstavleny rezul'taty sovmestnyh nablyudenii v radio i rentgenovskom diapazonah. Udalos' uvidet' vspyshku, proizoshedshuyu prakticheski odnovremenno na etih stol' raznyh dlinah voln.


obzor arxiv:0706.2389 Modeli mikrokvazarov (Models for microquasars)
Authors: Julien Malzac
Comments: 15 pages, 3 figures, invited review at the Sixth Microquasar workshop: Microquasars and Beyond, Como, Italy, September 18-22, 2006

Ochen' soderzhatel'no, ponyatno i krasochno raspisano pro modeli, v ramkah kotoryh interpretiruyutsya dannye po nablyudeniyam mikrokvazarov. V osnovnom rech' idet o rentgenovskih spektrah, ob ih variaciyah i tp.


miniobzor arxiv:0706.2562 Rentgenovskie nablyudeniya ul'tramoshnyh istochnikov (X-ray observations of ultraluminous X-ray sources)
Authors: T.P. Roberts
Comments: Invited talk at the 5th Stromlo Symposium. 10 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space Science

Nebol'shoi obzor po rentgenovskim nablyudeniyam UMI. Razumeetsya, avtor obsuzhdaet obe gipotezy o prirode etih istochnikov (chernye dyry promezhutochnyh mass ili zhe obychnye "zvezdnye" chernye dyry), no obzor vse-taki imenno chto nablyudatel'nyi, i v etom ego dostoinstvo. Ne zashishaya ni odnu iz gipotez, avtor izlagaet osnovnye fakty i rassmatrivaet, kak oni ukladyvayutsya (ili ne ukladyvayutsya) v ramki modelei.


Vypusk 160. 01-08 iyunya 2007

arxiv:0706.0901 Ul'tramoshnyi rentgenovskii istochnik vblizi centra M82 (The Ultraluminous X-ray Sources near the Center of M82)
Authors: A.K.H. Kong et al.
Comments: 10 pages, 8 figures. Submitted to ApJ

Po dannym nablyudenii na Chandre v central'noi oblasti izvestnoi blizkoi galaktiki s moshnym zvezdoobrazovaniem M82 otkryt tranzientnyi ul'tramoshnyi istochnik (audiofail s zapis'yu nauchno-populyarnoi programmy, v kotoroi shla rech' ob etih ob'ektah, mozhno naiti zdes'). Raspolozhen ob'ekt v molodom zvezdnom skoplenii. Avtory polagayut, chto my imeem delo s chernoi dyroi promezhutochnoi massy (bolee 100 solnechnyh).


Vypusk 157. 01-11 maya 2007

obzor arxiv:0705.0030 Vysokochastotnye QPO u neitronnyh zvezd i chernyh dyr: zondirovanie plotnogo veshestva i sil'nyh gravitacionnyh polei (High Frequency QPOs in Neutron Stars and Black Holes: Probing Dense Matter and Strong Gravitational Fields)
Authors: Frederick K. Lamb
Comments: 30 pages, 8 figures, published in "From X-Ray Binaries to Gamma-ray Bursts", proceedings of a symposium held in memory of Jan van Paradijs 6-9 June 2001, eds. E.P.J. van den Heuvel, L. Kaper, E. Roi, & R.A.M.J. Wijers

QPO - kvaziperiodicheskie oscillyacii. Yavlenie sostoit v tom, chto v akkreciruyushih istochnikah nablyudaetsya peremennost' na nekotoryh zarakternyh chastotah, no chastota "plyvet". T.e., eto ne pul'sarnaya chastota, a chto-to menee regulyarnoe. Chto - do konca ne yasno. Sushestvuet dostatochno mnogo modelei. Est' nadezhda, chto pravil'no ponimanie prirody QPO privedet k tomu, chto my poluchim novyi kanal informacii o neitronnyh zvezdah i chernyh dyrah.

Vtoroi obzor Freda Lemba neskol'ko peresekaetsya s QPOshnym i posvyashen akkrecii na neitronnye zvezdy v malomassivnyh dvoinyh sistemah.


Vypusk 155. 13-23 aprelya 2007

arxiv:0704.1813 Otkrytie kompan'ona u samogo legkogo belogo karlika (The Discovery of a Companion to the Lowest Mass White Dwarf)
Authors: Mukremin Kilic et al.
Comments: 16 pages, ApJ, in press.

Samyi legkii (0.17 mass Solnca) belyi karlik SDSS J091709.55+463821.8 okazalsya dvoinym. Izmerenie radial'noi skorosti karlika pokazalo, chto est' bolee massivnyi kompan'on. Poskol'ku kompan'ona ne vidno, to eto dolzhen byt' drugoi kompaktnyi ob'ekt. Skoree vsego vtoroi belyi karlik, no poka, pishut avtory, nel'zya isklyuchit' i neitronnuyu zvezdu.

Ot sebya dobavlyu, chto i chernuyu dyru isklyuchit' nel'zya, hotya veroyatnost' ee nalichiya tam - ne bolee neskol'kih procentov.


arxiv:0704.2415 Nablyudeniya v blizhnem IK i v rentgene zagadochnogo G70.7+1.2 (Near-Infrared and X-ray Observations of the Enigmatic G70.7+1.2)
Authors: P. B. Cameron, S. R. Kulkarni
Comments: 13 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to ApJL, referee's comments incorporated

Priroda poroyu podkidyvaet interesnye zagadki. Nichego superfundamental'nogo v nih net, no mne lichno oin vsegda nravyatsya. Sut' zagadki svoditsya k sleduyushemu: chto zhe my vidim?

G70.7+1.2 - eto tumannost', nablyudaemaya v opticheskom i radio diapazonah. Krome togo, v nei est' yarkaya zvezda, kotoruyu nablyudayut v IK, t.k. veliko pogloshenie. Polagali, chto my imeem delo s dvoinoi sistemoi, sostoyashei iz Be- zvezdy i radiopul'sara.

Avtory stat'i proveli glubokie nablyudeniya v IK (na Keke) i v rentgene (na Chandre). Byl obnaruzhen rentgenovskii istochnik, ne sovpadayushii s Be-zvezdoi. Tot zhe istochnik viden i v blizhnem IK. Novaya interpretaciya takova. V tumannosti est' Be-zvezda i dvoinaya sistema, sostoyashaya iz B-zvezdy i neitronnoi zvezdy, skoree vsego radiopul'sara. Sleduyushaya zadacha - glubokii poisk pul'sara. Esli ne naidut - to zagadka ostanetsya. Interesno!


Vypusk 154. 01-12 aprelya 2007

miniobzor arxiv:0704.1215 Dvoinye neitronnye zvezdy: ukazanie na dva razlichnyh mehanizma obrazovaniya (Double Neutron Stars: Evidence For Two Different Neutron-Star Formation Mechanisms)
Authors: E.P.J. van den Heuvel
Comments: 9 pages. Invited talk at he Multicoloured Landscape of Compact Objects and their Explosive Origins', Cefalu', 2006 June 11-24 (AIP Conf. Proc.), eds. L. Burderi et al., i

Izvestno 9 dvoinyh sistem, sostoyashih iz dvuh neitronnyh zvezd. S nimi svyazana odna zagadka. Slishkom mnogie iz nih imeyut malen'kie ekscentrisitety. Esli uchest', chto soglasno dannym po obychnym radiopul'saram neitronnye zvezdy rozhdayutsya s bol'shimi skorostyami (t.n. kik) poryadka 300-400 km/s, to malye ekscentrisitety predstavlyayutsya zagadochnymi. Po vsei vidimostim, te vzryvy sverhnovyh, kotorye privodyat (v srednem) k poyavleniyu odinochnyh pul'sarov i pul'sarov v massivnyh dvoinyh sistemah, razlichayutsya. Van den Hevel obsuzhdaet vozmozhnye puti resheniya zagadki. Na dannyi moment slozhilsya sleduyushii vzglyad. Vtorichnye komponenty massivnyh dvoinyh sistem ispytyvayut ne obychnyi vzryv sverhnovoi, svyazannyi s kollapsom zheleznogo yadra, a kollaps kislorodno-neonovo-magnievogo yadra. Veroyatnee vsego, eto yavlyaets isklyuchitel'noi osobennost'yu dvoinyh sistem. V odinochnyh zvezdah takie yadra v konce koncov prevrashayutsya v belye karliki.


obzor arxiv:0704.1387 Opisanie Mashiny Scenariev (Description of the Scenario Machine)
Authors: V.M. Lipunov, K.A. Postnov, M.E. Prokhorov, A.I. Bogomazov
Comments: 32 pages, 3 figures

Dano podrobnoe opisanie formul, zalozhennyh v programmu populyacionnogo sinteza dvoinyh sistem "Mashina scenariev".


Vypusk 152. 10-19 marta 2007

astro-ph/0703274 Periodichnosti u rentgenovskih dvoinyh po dannym nablyudenii Swift/BAT (Periodicities in X-ray Binaries from Swift/BAT Observations)
Authors: R. Corbet et al.
Comments: To appear in the proceedings of "The Extreme Universe in the Suzaku Era", Kyoto, Japan, December 4-8, 2006.

Monitory, rabotayushie v zhestkom rentgene i myagkom gamma, v osnovnom prednaznacheny dlya nablyudeniya gamma-vspleskov. No vidyat, konechno, vse, chto popadaet v ih shirokoe pole zreniya. Periodicheskie signaly potom mozhno "vytaskivat'" iz poluchennyh dannyh. V svoe vremya takaya rabota provodilas' po rezul'tatam mnogoletnih nablyudenii priborom BATSE na Komptonovskoi observatorii. Teper' analogichnyi analiz sdelan dlya dannyh Svifta.

K vazhnym novym rezul'tatam sleduet otnesti obnaruzhenie orbital'nyh periodov u dvuh istochnikov, otkrytyh na Integrale, a takzhe obnaruzhenie 5-chasovogo perioda u 4U 1954+31. Avtory polagayut, chto eto mozhet byt' period sobstvennogo vrasheniya neitronnoi zvezdy. Togda, eto budet rekord po "zatormozhennosti" vrasheniya u etih ob'ektov.


Vypusk 150. 15-28 fevralya 2007

obzor astro-ph/0702698 Lyubopytnye svoistva raskruchennyh pul'sarov i vozmozhnost' vysokotochnogo taiminga (Curious properties of the recycled pulsars and the potential of high precision timing)
Authors: Matthew Bailes
Comments: 15 pages, 8 figures, To appear in proceedings of "A life with stars", a conference held in honour of Ed van den Heuvel, Amsterdam, Aug 2005), New Ast. Rev. accepted Feb 2007

Daetsya obzor svoistv raskruchennyh pul'sarov. Vrashenie etih ob'ektov bylo uskoreno za schet akkrecii v tesnoi dvoinoi sisteme. Avtor privodit neskol'ko poleznyh grafikov, a takzhe obsuzhdaet svyaz' nekotoryh parametrov raskruchennyh pul'sarov s massoi ih kompan'onov.


Vypusk 149. 01-14 fevralya 2007

astro-ph/0702248 Poisk periodov massivnyh rentgenovskih dvoinyh (Finding Periods in High Mass X-Ray Binaries)
Authors: Gordon E. Sarty, Laszlo L. Kiss, Helen M. Johnston, Richard Huziak, Kinwah Wu
Comments: 11 pages, Accepted: JAAVSO

Stat'ya yavlyaetsya prizyvom k astronomam-lyubitelyam zanyat'sya poiskom i izucheniem periodichnosti v opticheskih krivyh bleska massivnyh rentgenovskih sistem.

V stat'e rasskazyvaetsya chto eto za sistemy, kak i zachem ih nuzhno nablyudat'.

Dobavlyu, chto katalog sistem s Ve-zvezdami mozhno naiti zdes'.

Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve ru_astroph.
Obsudit' na Astroforume v Nauchnoi panorame.



Vypusk 148. 13-31 yanvarya 2007

obzor astro-ph/0701654 Kataklizmicheskie peremennye (Cataclysmic Variables)
Authors: Robert Connon Smith
Comments: 41 pages, 11 figures, invited review for Contemporary Physics

Podrobnyi obzor po kataklizmicheskim peremennym. Eto ochen' interesnye tesnye dvoinye sistemy s belymi karlikami, pokazyvayushie bol'shoe raznoobrazie astrofizicheskih yavlenii.


Vypusk 147. 22 dekabrya 2006-12 yanvarya 2007

astro-ph/0701059 Evolyuciya tesnyh dvoinyh sistem (The Evolution of Compact Binary Star Systems)
Authors: Konstantin Postnov, Lev Yungelson
Comments: 105 pages, 18 figures, Living Reviews in Relativity, Lrr-2006-6

Bol'shoi obzor po evolyucii tesnyh dvoinyh sistem. Stat'ya takzhe dostupna zdes'.


Vypusk 146. 01-21 dekabrya 2006

obzor astro-ph/0612144 Obrazovanie dvoinyh kompaktnyh ob'ektov (Formation of Double Compact Objects)
Authors: V. Kalogera et al.
Comments: 55 pages, 16 figures, to appear in the Bethe Centennial Volume of Physics Reports, eds. G. E. Brown, V. Kalogera, E.P.J. van den Heuvel

Bol'shoi obzor, posvyashennyi v osnovnom, obrazovaniyu dvoinyh neitronnyh zvezd. Odnako, krome nih, rassmatrivayutsya i sistemy s chernymi dyrami i belymi karlikami. Avtory chestno pishut, chto dayut svodku v osnovnom svoih rezul'tatov, tak chto o rabotah drugih grupp pishut dovol'no-taki mimohodom.

Napomnyu, chto vsya eta deyatel'nost' po povodu dvoinyh kompaktnyh ob'ektov vazhna, v pervuyu ochered', v svyazi s rabotoi detektorov gravitacionnyh voln. Takzhe, dvoinye kompaktyne ob'ekty interesny kak vozmozhnye istochniki korotkih gamma-vspleskov. Nu i prosto, dvoinye radiopul'sary - luchshaya laboratoriya po proverke mnogih interesnyh effektov, vklyuchaya OTO. Krome togo, ne nado zabyvat', chto obnaruzhenie sistemy pul'sar plyus chernaya dyra ne za gorami, i obnaruzhenie takogo "zverya" gotovit nam mnogo otkrytii chudnyh.


astro-ph/0612220 Buryi karlik - donor v dvoinoi sisteme s akkreciei (A brown dwarf mass donor in an accreting binary)
Authors: S.P. Littlefair et al.
Comments: 10 pages, 2 figures. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of the AAAS for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in SCIENCE, Vol #5805, 8-12-06

Pohozhe, chto vpervye obnaruzhena akkreciruyushaya dvoinaya sistema, v kotoroi donorom yavlyaetsya buryi (korichnevyi) karlik. Rech' idet o kataklizmicheskoi peremennoi SDSS 103533.03_055158.4, otkrytoi v opticheskom diapazone s pomosh'yu Sloanovskogo cifrovogo obzora neba. Orbital'nyi period sostavlyaet chut' bolee chasa (82 minuty). Akkreciya idet na belyi karlik. Massa donora ocenivaetsya primerno v 0.05 solnechnyh mass.

Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve ru_astroph.
Obsudit' na Astroforume v Nauchnoi panorame.



Vypusk 145. 11-30 noyabrya 2006

obzor astro-ph/0611398 Dvoinye i raskruchennye pul'sary: 30 let posle otkrytiya (Binary and recycled pulsars: 30 years after observational discovery)
Authors: G S Bisnovatyi-Kogan
Comments: Physics-Uspekhi 49 (1)53-61 (2006)

Bol'shoi obzor po radio pul'saram, raskruchennym za schet akkrecii v tesnyh dvoinyh sistemah. Obzor dostupen i na russkom na saite UFN.


obzor astro-ph/0611521 Vysokoenergichnye proyavleniya astrofizicheskih strui (High-Energy Aspects of Astrophysical Jets)
Authors: Amir Levinson
Comments: Invited review, comments will be appreciated

V obzore dostatochno detal'no rassmotreny proyavleniya astrofizicheskih dzhetov ot mikrokvazarov, aktivnyh yader galaktik i gamma-vspleskov v diapazone vysokih energii. Rech' idet ne tol'ko o gamma-izluchenii, no i o chasticah, v tom chisle i o vysokoenergichnyh neitrino.


Vypusk 144. 01-10 noyabrya 2006

obzor astro-ph/0611043 Evolyuciya s obshei obolochkoi (Common Envelope Evolution)
Authors: R. E. Taam, P. M. Ricker
Comments: 14 pages, 10 figures, to appear in proceedings of "A life with stars," a conference in honor of Ed van den Heuvel's 60th birthday, New Ast. Rev

Bol'shoi obzor, posvyashennyi takoi vazhnoi stadii evolyucii tesnyh dvoinyh zvezdnyh sistem, kak "obshaya obolochka". Na etoi stadii proishodit sblizhenie komponent sistumy za schet unosa uglovogo momenta obolochkoi. Poterya veshestva svyazana s tem, chto odna iz zvezd uzhe sil'no proevolyucionirovala i ushla s glavnoi posledovatel'nosti. Itogom stadii mozhet stat' ili ochen' tesnaya dvoinaya, ili zhe komponenty prosto sol'yutsya. Nekotorye nablyudaemye tipy dvoinyh, a takzhe odinochnye zvezdy (naprimer, bystro vrashayushiesya giganty FK Coma) mogut obrazovyvat'sya, po vsei vidimosti, tol'ko v rezul'tate stadii s obshei obolochkoi.


miniobzor astro-ph/0611152 Recepty dlya sozdaniya UMI: neobhodimye ingredienty i ukrasheniya (Recipes for ULX formation: necessary ingredients and garnishments)
Authors: Roberto Soria
Comments: 4 pages, to appear in the proceedings of "Black Holes: from Stars to Galaxies", IAU Symp. No. 238, V. Karas & G. Matt eds., Cambridge University Press

UMI - Ul'tramoshnye rentgenovskie istochniki. Situaciya s nimi tak poka i ne proyasnilas': to li eto akkreciruyushie chernye dyry promezhutochnyh mass, to li eti sistemy s "obychnymi" zvezdnymi chernymi dyrami. Absolyutno neponyatno, kak oni obrazuyutsya. Kak raz poslednei teme i posvyashen korotkii obzor.

Stat'ya prekrasno strukturirovana. Dlya koroten'kogo obzora eto prakticheski obrazec.

Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve ru_astroph.
Obsudit' na Astroforume v Nauchnoi panorame.


Vypusk 143. 18-31 oktyabrya 2006

miniobzor astro-ph/0610707 Gamma dvoinye (Gamma-ray binaries)
Authors: I.F. Mirabel
Comments: 4 pages, 3 figures. Invited talk to appear in Proceedings of the conference "The Multi-Messenger Approach to High-Energy Gamma-ray Sources", Barcelona, 4-7 July 2006

Gamma-astronomiya perezhivaet period burnogo razvitiya blagodarya poyavleniyu vysokoklassnyh nazemnyh ustanovok (H.E.S.S., MAGIC). Krome togo, v samom blizhaishem budushem planiruetsya zapusk neskol'kih kosmicheskih apparatov, nablyudayushih v gamma-diapazone (GLAST, AGILE). Poetomu v literature aktivno obsuzhdayutsya izvestnye i vozmozhnye istochniki, izluchayushie v gamma (nebol'shoi obzor po etoi tematike mozhno naiti zdes').

Sredi mnozhestva tipov astronomicheskih ob'ektov, izluchayushih v gamma-diapazone (rech' idet v osnovnom o diapazone ot desyatkov MeV do neskol'kih TeV) est' i dvoinye. Na segodnyashnii den' izvestno vsego tri istochnika, odnako yasno, chto ih dolzhno byt' bol'she. Vse nashe sovremennoe znanie o dvoinyh, izluchayushih v gamma, summirovano v kratkom obzore Mirabelya.


astro-ph/0610768 vozmozhno magnitarnoi prirode IGR J16358-4726 (A Possible Magnetar Nature for IGR J16358-4726)
Authors: S. K. Patel et al.
Comments: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 34 pgs, 14 figures, 4 tables

Avtory detal'no izuchayut odin iz zhestkih rentgenovskii istochnikov, otkrytyh observatoriei Integral. Vo-pervyh, im udalos' pokazat', chto obnaruzhennyi period - okolo 1.6 chasa - skoree vsego yavlyaetsya periodom vrasheniya neitronnoi zvezdy. Vo-vtoryh, udalos' obnaruzhit' izmenenie perioda, ego umen'shenie. Ono ves'ma veliko i sovpadaet s periodom aktivnosti istochnika. Eto govorit o tom, chto neitronnaya zvezda byla raskruchena akkreciei, a magnitnoe pole samoi neitronnoi zvezdy ves'ma veliko. Poslednee i pozvolyaet avtoram rassuzhdat' o magnitarnoi prirode nablyudaemogo ob'ekta.

Na vsyakii sluchai podcherknu: rech' ne idet o rodstve istochnika s takimi izvestnymi kandidatami v magnitary kak anomal'nye rentgenovskie pul'sary i istochniki myagkih povtoryayushihsya gamma-vspleskov. Rech' prosto idet o neitronnoi zvezde s ochen' bol'shim magnitnym polem, prichem zvezda vhodit v tesnuyu dvoinuyu sistemu. Mne lichno sovsem ne nravitsya upotreblenie termina "magnitar" v takom kontekste. Magnitar - eto, vse-taki, ne prosto neitronnaya zvezda s bol'shim polem, a ob'ekt, ch'ya aktivnost', svyazana s polem. zdes' zhe aktivnost', skoree vsego, svyazana s akkreciei.


Vypusk 142. 01-18 oktyabrya 2006

astro-ph/0610430 Chernaya dyra zvezdnoi massy v ul'tramoshnom istochnike M82 X-1? (A stellar-mass black hole in the Ultra-luminousX-ray source M82 X-1?)
Authors: Takashi Okajima et al.
Comments: 12 pages, 2 figures, accepted for ApJL

Novye dannye i detal'noe modelirovanie dayut avtoram vozmozhnost' utverzhdat', chto ul'tramoshnyi istochnik M82 X-1, yavlyayushiisya luchshim kandidatom v chernye dyry promezhutochnyh mass, modet soderzhat' v sebe zvezdnuyu chernuyu dyru s massoi ot 19 do 32 mass Solnca.


Vypusk 140. 01-15 sentyabrya 2006

astro-ph/0609416 Obrazovanie dvoinogo pul'sara PSR J0737-3039A/B (The Formation of the Double Pulsar PSR J0737-3039A/B)
Authors: I. H. Stairs, et al.
Comments: To appear in MNRAS Letters

Otkrytie dvoinogo radiopul'sara stalo vazhnym rezul'tatov dlya ryada napravlenii.
1. Nalichie takogo ob'ekta pozvolyaet issledovat' vazhnye effekty, imeyushie mesto v pul'sarnyh magnitosferah (napomnyu, chto okonchatel'noi teorii magnitosfer pul'sarov tak i net).
2. Obnaruzhenie takogo ob'ekta pozvolilo povysit' "nablyudatel'nyi" predel na kolichestvo sliyavayushihsya dvoinyh neitronnyh zvezd, chto vazhno dlya ocenki effektivnosti raboty detektorov gravitacionnyh voln. Krome togo, ocenka tempa sliyanii po nablyudaemym sistemam, sostoyashim iz dvuh neitronnyh zvezd, nakonec-to stala sovpadat' s raschetami metodom populyacionnogo sinteza.
3. Dvoinoi radiopul'sar otkryvaet novye vozmozhnosti dlya proverki Obshei teorii otnositel'nosti (sm. ssylku nizhe).
4.Nalichie takogo ob'ekta brosaet vyzov teoriyam evolyucii zvezd.
Poslednemu punktu i posvyashena stat'ya.

Delo v tom, chto:
1. U pul'sara nizkaya prostranstvennaya skorost'. T.e., ne bylo bol'shogo kika (bol'shogo dopolnitel'nogo impul'sa pri vzryve sverhnovoi)
2. U sistemy nizkii, no nenulevoi, ekscentrisitet orbity.
3. Sistema imeet dovol'no korotkii orbital'nyi period.
Vse vmeste eto stavit problemy v postroenii evolyucionnogo scenariya, privedshego k poyavleniyu takoi sistemy. Odin iz vazhnyh vyvodov sostoit v tom, chto predsverhnovaya, porodivshaya bolee molodoi pul'sar (pul'sar V), imela nizkuyu massu, okolo 2 mass Solnca ili dazhe men'she. T.o. vryad li eto byla obychnaya sverhnovaya s kollapsom zheleznogo yadra. S drugoi storony, pohozhaya dvoinaya sistema PSR B1534+12 po vsei vidimosti imela nekol'ko inuyu istoriyu. T.o., vozmozhny raznye evolyucionnye puti, chto nado uchityvat' v modelyah, opisyvayushih poyavlenie takih sistem.

Sm. takzhe stat'yu astro-ph/0609417 toi zhe gruppy avtorov, v kotoroi rassmatrivayutsya testy OTO po dannym o dvoinom pul'sare.


Vypusk 138. 01-31 iyulya 2006

astro-ph/0607501 Neuzheli my otkryli samyi yarkii UMI? (Have we detected the most luminous ULX so far?)
Authors: G. Miniutti et al.
Comments: MNRAS Letters in press

Ya uzhe rasskazyval ob ul'tramoshnyh rentgenovskih istochnikah (UMI). V etoi rabote avtory opisyvayut rezul'taty nedavnih nablyudenii na sputnike XMM-Newton. Issleduya spiral'nuyu galaktiku (bez mozhnogo zvezdoobrazovaniya, imeyushuyu naimenovanie MCG-03-34-63, oni obnaruzhili vneyadernyi istochnik, potok ot kotorogo sootvetstvuet bolometricheskoi izotropnoi svetimosti 3 1041 erg v sekundu. T.o., istochnik yavlyaetsya pretendentom na zvanie samogo moshnogo iz izvestnyh UMI. Esli ocenka svetimosti verna, to my dolzhny imet' delo s akkreciei na chernuyu dyru s massoi bolee 2300 solnechnyh mass.


obzor astro-ph/0607624 Rentgenovskie dvoinye (X-ray binaries)
Authors: H. Schatz, K. E. Rehm
Comments: 23 pages, 1 figure, to appear in Nucl. Phys. A

Obzor po rentgenovskim dvoinym s tochki zreniya yadernoi fiziki. Delo v tom, chto krome vydeleniya energii za schet akkrecii, v dvoinyh s kompaktnymi ob'ektami (v pervuyu ochered' s neitronnymi zvezdami) idet mnogo interesnyh yadernyh processov.

Obzor ochen' ponyatnyi i dostupnyi: formul net, zato est' obshirnaya bibliografiya i opisanie fakticheskogo nablyudatel'nogo materiala. Rekomenduyu.


Vypusk 137. 16 iyunya - 30 iyunya 2006

miniobzor astro-ph/0606393 Gamma-luchi ochen' vysokih energii ot mikrokvazarov i dvoinyh pul'sarov (Very Energetic Gamma-Rays from Microquasars and Binary Pulsars)
Authors: I.F. Mirabel
Comments: 4 pages, Perspective article to be published in Science vol. 312 (June 23, 2006)

Korotkaya, no soderzhatel'naya zametka, posvyashennaya registracii kosmicheskih luchei ochen' vysokih energii ot treh sistem: dvuh mikrokvazarov (LS 5039, LS I +61 303) i odnoi dvoinoi sistemy s pul'sarom (PSR B1259-63). Otkrytiya eti ne sovsem novye, tem ne menee, ne u vseh eto na sluhu. Rekomenduetsya k prochteniyu.


Vypusk 136. 01 iyunya - 15 iyunya 2006

obzor astro-ph/0606352 Rentgenovskie parametry dvoinyh s chernymi dyrami (X-ray Properties of Black-Hole Binaries)
Authors: Ronald A. Remillard, Jeffrey E. McClintock
Comments: 39 pages, 12 figures, ARAA, vol. 44, in press

Bol'shoi i podrobnyi obzor, posvyashennyi dvoinym sistemam, v sostav kotoryh vhodyat chernye dyry (ili, kandidaty v chernye dyry, esli tak ugodno konservativnoi publike).


astro-ph/0606354 Proishodit li bol'shinstvo planetarnyh tumannostei iz dvoinyh sistem? (Do most planetary nebulae derive from binaries? I Population synthesis model of the galactic planetary nebula population produced by singlestars and binaries)
Authors: Maxwell Moe, Orsola De Marco
Comments: 52 pages (referee format), 14 figures. Accepted by ApJ

Kak ya uzhe mnogokratno pisal, vopros o proishozhdenii planetarnyh tumannostei ostaetsya otkrytym. Delo v tom, chto v osnovnom eti ob'ekty bolee ili menee bipolyarny. Otklonenie ot sfericheskoi simmetrii mozhno ob'yasnyat' ili vliyaniem magnitnogo polya, ili dvoistvennost'yu central'noi zvezdy. Vot tut-to i zaryta sobaka!

Avtory provodyat detal'nyi populyacionnyi sintez s cel'yu razresheniya voprosa o proishozhdenii planetarnyh tumannostei. Vyvodom yavlyaetsya to, chto predpolozhenie o tom, chto imenno dvoinye porozhdayut tumannosti, horosho soglasuetsya s rezul'tatami raboty.


Vypusk 135. 22 aprelya - 31 maya 2006

astro-ph/0604466 Obnaruzhenie zatmennoi yarkoi rentgenovskoi dvoinoi s periodom 3.6 chasa v galaktike NGC 4214 (Discovery of a 3.6-hr Eclipsing Luminous X-Ray Binary in the Galaxy NGC 4214)
Authors: Kajal K. Ghosh et al.
Comments: 7 pages, submitted to ApJ

Obnaruzhena dovol'no interesnaya rentgenovskaya sistema. Prelest' poka v tom, chto ob'yasnit' ee mozhno s pomosh'yu celogo nabora variantov.


Vypusk 133. 01-11 aprelya 2006

astro-ph/0604029 62-dnevnaya rentgenovskaya periodichnost' i rentgenovskaya vspyshka ot ul'tramoshnogo istochnika v M82 (A 62 Day X-Ray Periodicity and an X-Ray Flare from the Ultraluminous X-Ray Source in M82)
Authors: Philip Kaaret, Melanie G. Simet, Cornelia C. Lang
Comments: 15 pages, one color figure, to appear in ApJ

Ya uzhe rasskazyval ob otkrytii 62-dnevnogo orbital'nogo perioda u yarkogo istochnika v M82. Togda rasskaz osnovyvalsya na korotkoi zametke dlya zhurnala Science. Seichas zhe poyavilas' "polnorazmernaya" stat'ya, posvyashennaya detal'nomu issledovaniyu etogo ob'ekta.

Itak, chto izvestno. Imeem dostatochno yarkii istochnik v galaktike M82. Esli schitat', chto on izluchaet sfericheski simmetrichno, to svetimost' poluchaetsya ravnoi 2.4 1040 erg/s. U istochnika otkryt orbital'nyi period okolo 62 dnei. Eto govorit o tom, chto kompan'on yavlyaetsya zvezdoi gigantom. Krome togo, ot istochnika nablyudalas' vspyshka prodolzhitel'nost'yu v neskol'ko dnei. Pri etom svetimost' (opyat' zhe, rasschitannaya dlya izotropnogo izlucheniya) vozrosla do 1041 erg/s.
Dalee. Nablyudeniya na Chandre pokazali takzhe nalichie vtorogo istochnika. On tozhe dostatochno yarkii, chtoby ego klassificirovat' kak ul'tramoshnyi. Po vsei vidimosti, ot etogo vtorogo istochnika zaregistrirovany nizkochastotnye kvaziperiodicheskie oscillyacii (vyyasnit' eto napryamuyu neprosto, t.k. rezul'tat poluchen s pomosh'yu priborov sputnika RXTE, kotoryi obladaet plohim uglovym razresheniem).

Analiz kompleksa dannyh ot etih dvuh ob'ektov pozvolyaet avtoram zaklyuchit', chto oba yavlyayutsya ochen' horoshimi kandidatami v chernye dyry promezhutochnyh mass.


Vypusk 132. 22-31 marta 2006

astro-ph/0603653 Orbital'nyi period ul'tramoshnogo rentgenovskogo istochnika v M82 (The Orbital Period of the Ultraluminous X-ray Source in M82)
Authors: Philip Kaaret, Melanie G. Simet, Cornelia C. Lang
Comments: 3 pages, Science 27 January 2006: Vol. 311. no. 5760, p. 491

Obnaruzhen period u odnogo iz ul'tramoshnyh rentgenovskih istochnikov

Kak izvestno, eti ob'ekty chasto vstrechayutsya ryadom s ochagami zvezdoobrazovaniya. Poetomu, net nichego udivitel'nogo v tom, chto v galaktike M82 izvestno neskol'ko istochnikov takogo tipa. I vot dlya odnogo iz nih, kstati v samom dele moshnogo - izotropnaya svetimost' bolee 10 40 erg/s, - obnaruzhen orbital'nyi period. On sostavlyaet chut' bolee 60 dnei.

Po mneniyu avtorov, takoi period govorit o tom, chto kompan'onom chernoi dyry yavlyaetsya gigant, a znachit, chto stadiya ul'tramoshnogo istochnika s neizbezhnost'yu dolzhna byt' dostatochno kratkoi.


Vypusk 131. 13-21 marta 2006

kniga astro-ph/0603390 Dzhety i sverhkriticheskii akkrecionnyi disk u SS433 (The Jets and and Supercritical Accretion Disk in SS433)
Authors: Sergei Fabrika
Comments: 100 pages, 19 figures; Astrophysics and Space Physics Reviews (2004), 12, pp. 1-153

Sergei Fabrika iz SAO davno i uspeshno zanimaetsya izucheniem sistemy SS433. I vot, napisal o nei celuyu knigu.

Konechno, rech' tam ne tol'ko ob odnom edinstvennom ob'ekte. Mnogie soobrazheniya primenimy i k drugim istochnikam, naprimer k ul'tramoshnym rentgenovskim istochnikam. Sergei schitaet, chto oni yavlyayutsya analogami SS433.


Vypusk 130. 01-13 marta 2006

astro-ph/0603098 Novye ob'ekty tipa Gamma Kassiopei: rentgenovskie i opticheskie nablyudeniya SAO49725 i HD161103 (New Gamma Cas-like objects: X-ray and optical observations of SAO49725 and HD161103)
Authors: Raimundo Lopes de Oliveira et al.
Comments: 14 pages, 9 figs, accepted for publication in A&A

Gamma Kassiopei - izvestneishaya Ve-zvezda. Ona takzhe znamenita izbytkom rentgenovskogo izlucheniya (izbytkom po sravneniyu s obychnoi odinochnoi zvezdoi etogo klassa). Prichiny vozniknoveniya "lishnih rentgen" ne yasny. Osnovnyh gipotez dve: ili eto svyazano s vzaimodeistviem potokov plazmy (naprimer, zvezdnogo vetra i okolozvezdnogo diska), ili zhe est' kompaktnyi sputnik, skoree vsego belyi karlik.

V etoi stat'e avtory rasskazyvayut ob obnaruzhenii eshe dvuh zvezd, svoistva kotoryh analogichny svoistvam Gamma Kassiopei. Po vsei vidimosti, est' celyi klass takih ob'ektov. Esli eto dvoinye sistemy, to kompan'onami Ve-zvezd dolzhny byt' belye karliki. V budushem, takie sistemy dolzhny prevrashat'sya v interesnye pary staryi belyi karlik + molodoi radiopul'sar. Pohozhe, chto takie primery uzhe naideny (ya rasskazyval o nih v obzorah).


Vypusk 129. 20-28 fevralya 2006

astro-ph/0602501 Opticheskaya registraciya dvuh kompan'onov pul'sarov v dvoinyh sistemah promezhutochnyh mass (Optical Detection of Two Intermediate Mass Binary Pulsar Companions)
Authors: B. A. Jacoby et al.
Comments: 9 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL

Na krupnom nazemnom teleskope v observatorii im. Magellana avtory proveli poisk opticheskogo izlucheniya ot shesti belyh karlikov, yavlyayushihsya kompan'onami radiopul'sarov. Ne vse eti pul'sary yavlyayutsya millisekundnymi. Odin - vpolne normal'nyi molodoi pul'sar (PSR J1141-6545). No uvidet' belyi karlik v optike udalos' tol'ko v dvuh sluchayah, i vo vseh nih kompan'onom yavlyaetsya millisekundnyi pul'sar. Oba etih sluchaya vydelyaet to, chto oni nahodyatsya dovol'no blizko ot nas (menee 1 kpk), tak chto bolee glubokie nablyudeniya mogut potom dat' polozhitel'nyi rezul'tat i dlya drugih sistem.

Vse eto ochen' vazhno, t.k. dlya belyh karlikov mozhno opredelyat' vozrast, esli izvestna ih temperatura (i massa).


Vypusk 125. 18-20 yanvarya 2006

miniobzor astro-ph/0601346 Kratnost', aktivnost' i bystroe vrashenie zvezd rannih spektral'nyh klassov (Multiplicity, activity and fast rotation in early-type stars)
Authors: Ignacio Negueruela
Comments: Review to appear in "Active OB Stars: Laboratories for Stellar & Circumstellar Physics", eds. S. Stefl, S. P. Owocki & A. Okazaki. ASP Conf. Ser. 2006, in press (uses asp style).

Obzor posvyashen fenomenu Ve-zvezd. Eto zvezdy klasa V s emissionnymi liniyami v spektre. Dolya takih zvezd sredi vseh massivnyh dostatochno velika, krome togo horosho izvestny rentgenovskie sistemy s Ve-zvezdami, sostavlyayushie bOl'shuyu chast' vseh rentgenovskih dvoinyh.

V osnovnom rech' idet o proishozhdenii Ve-zvezd. Rezyume: neponyatno, kak oni obrazuyutsya. Tochnee tak, yasno, chto est' neskol'ko kanalov obrazovaniya Ve-zvezd, prichem nekotorye kanaly neizvestny.

Shiroko rasprostraneno mnenie, chto Ve-zvezdy mogut obrazovyvat'sya vo vzaimodeistvuyushih dvoinyh za schet perenosa massy s bolee massivnogo kompan'ona. I etot mehanizm rabotaet! No, kak yasno iz obzora, ne dlya vseh zvezd. Prichem i dolya teh, dlya kotoryh rabotaet, ne yasna. Tak chto, kak obychno, mnogoe sdelano, no mnogoe eshe predstoit!


Vypusk 125. 18-20 yanvarya 2006

miniobzor astro-ph/0601346 Kratnost', aktivnost' i bystroe vrashenie zvezd rannih spektral'nyh klassov (Multiplicity, activity and fast rotation in early-type stars)
Authors: Ignacio Negueruela
Comments: Review to appear in "Active OB Stars: Laboratories for Stellar & Circumstellar Physics", eds. S. Stefl, S. P. Owocki & A. Okazaki. ASP Conf. Ser. 2006, in press (uses asp style).

Obzor posvyashen fenomenu Ve-zvezd. Eto zvezdy klasa V s emissionnymi liniyami v spektre. Dolya takih zvezd sredi vseh massivnyh dostatochno velika, krome togo horosho izvestny rentgenovskie sistemy s Ve-zvezdami, sostavlyayushie bOl'shuyu chast' vseh rentgenovskih dvoinyh.

V osnovnom rech' idet o proishozhdenii Ve-zvezd. Rezyume: neponyatno, kak oni obrazuyutsya. Tochnee tak, yasno, chto est' neskol'ko kanalov obrazovaniya Ve-zvezd, prichem nekotorye kanaly neizvestny.

Shiroko rasprostraneno mnenie, chto Ve-zvezdy mogut obrazovyvat'sya vo vzaimodeistvuyushih dvoinyh za schet perenosa massy s bolee massivnogo kompan'ona. I etot mehanizm rabotaet! No, kak yasno iz obzora, ne dlya vseh zvezd. Prichem i dolya teh, dlya kotoryh rabotaet, ne yasna. Tak chto, kak obychno, mnogoe sdelano, no mnogoe eshe predstoit!


Vypusk 122. 11-23 dekabrya 2005

astro-ph/0512480 Izuchenie populyacii UMI v blizkih galaktikah po arhivnym dannym XMM-Newton (XMM-Newton Archival Study of the ULX Population in Nearby Galaxies)
Authors: L.M. Winter et al.
Comments: 51 pages, submitted to ApJ (March 2005)

Issledovany okolo 100 ul'tramoshnyh istochnikov (UMI) v 32 blizkih galaktikah. Eto udalos' sdelat', ispol'zuya dannye uzhe ochen' bol'shogo arhiva, nakoplennogo pri nablyudeniyah na sputnike XMM-Newton. Cel'yu bylo issledovanie voprosa o sushestvovanii chernyh dyr promezhutochnyh mass.

Pohozhe, chto klass UMI vse-taki ne odnoroden. Nesmotrya na to, chto chast' iz soavtorov stat'i priderzhivaetsya gipotezy o chernyh dyrah promezhutochnyh mass, v stat'e pishetsya o mnogochislennyh istochnikah, kotorye, po vsei vidimosti, yavlyayutsya obychnymi chernymi dyrami (t.e. imeyushimi zvezdnye masssy). Lish' nebol'shaya dolya (16 istochnikov) veroyatno yavlyayutsya sistemami s massivnymi chernymi dyrami. Tem ne menee, i etu dolyu kak-to nado ob'yasnyat'.


astro-ph/0512556 Rentgenovskie i opticheskie svoistva novyh ob'ektov tipa gamma Kassiopei, obnaruzhennyh v rentgenovskih obzorah (X-ray and optical properties of new Gamma Cas-like objects discovered in X-ray surveys)
Authors: Christian Motch, et al.
Comments: 7 pages, to appear in "Active OB Stars: Laboratories for Stellar & Circumstellar Physics", eds. S. Stefl, S. P. Owocki & A. Okazaki. ASP Conf. Ser. 2006, in press (uses asp style)

Gamma Kassiopei - izvestnaya yarkaya zvezda tipa Ve. T.e. eto massivnaya zvezda klassa V s emissionnymi liniyami v spektre. U nee obnaruzhen izbytok rentgenovskogo izlucheniya. Prichina mozhet byt' v nalichii kompan'ona, na kotoryi idet akkreciya. Samo po sebe eto ne udivitel'no, rentgenovskie sistemy s Ve-zvezdami sostavlyayut 2/3 vseh massivnyh rengenovskih dvoinyh (sm. katalog v astro-ph/0505275, setevaya versiya kataloga gotovitsya Natal'ei Raguzovoi). Odnako, esli vse eti sistemy sostoyat iz Ve-zvezdy i neitronnoi zvezdy, to gamma Kassiopei - yavno net. Vozmozhno, chto ee kompan'onom yavlyaetsya belyi karlik (ne isklyucheno i to, chto veter zvezdy imeet interesnye svoistva, privodyashie k izbytku rentgenovskogo izlucheniya; prichina mozhet kryt'sya v diske, sushestvuyushem vokrug bystro vrashayusheisya zvezdy).

Gamma Kassiopei - yarkii blizkii istochnik. Teper' s razvitiem tehniki rentgenovskih nablyudenii, nachali otkryvat' mnozhestvo istochnikov, pohozhih po svoim svoistvam na etu zvezdu. Sobstvenno, etomu i posvyashena stat'ya. Bolee detal'nye rezul'taty budut vskore predstavleny v polnoi zhurnal'noi publikacii, kotoraya, naskol'ko mne izvestno, uzhe prinyata v pechat'.


Vypusk 119. 29 oktyabrya - 11 noyabrya 2005

astro-ph/0511088 Sverhgigantskie bystrye rentgenovskie tranzienty: novyi klass massivnyh dvoinyh sistem, otkrytyi sputnikom INTEGRAL (Supergiant Fast X-ray Transients: A new class of high mass X-ray binaries unveiled by INTEGRAL)
Authors: Ignacio Negueruela et al.
Comments: To appear in Proceedings of "The X-ray Universe 2005", held in San Lorenzo de El Escorial (Madrid, Spain), 26-30 September 2005, ESA-SP 604. 6 pages, 6 figures

Regulyarnye nablyudeniya galakticheskoi ploskosti na sputnike INTEGRAL pozvolili obnaruzhit' bol'shoe kolichestvo rentgenovskih tranzientov (t.e. vspyhivayushih istochnikov), svoistva kotoryh otlichayutsya ot ranee izvestnyh. Vse eto moshnye vspyshki, razvivayushiesya za neskol'ko minut i dlyashiesya chasy. Nektorye iz istochnikov seichas nadezhno otozhdestvleny s massivnymi zvezdami (spektral'nye klasy O-V), t.e. eto massivnye dvoinye sistemy (ochevidno, chto vtoroi komponent dolzhen byt' neitronnoi zvezdoi).

T.k. chislo izvestnyh istochnikov novogo tipa uzhe veliko pri tom, chto obnaruzhit' ih neprosto (iz-za togo, chto znachitel'noe vremya oni provodyat v spokoinom sostoyanii), to avtory zaklyuchayut, chto my mozhem imet' delo s edva li ne samym mnogochislennym klassom massivnyh dvoinyh sistem.


obzor astro-ph/0511273 Rentgenovskie populyacii v galaktikah (X-ray populations in galaxies)
Authors: G. Fabbiano
Comments: This is a review talk,to be published in the proceedings of the IAU Symposium 230, Populations of high energy sources in galaxies, held in Dublin (Ireland), August 15-19, 2005

Obzor posvyashen poslednim dannym po rentgenovskim istochnikam v gaalktikah. Chto my vidim? Celyi zoopark! Pri etom est' i mnoezhstvo zagadok. Daleko ne vse istochniki identificirovany. Vzyat', k primeru, ul'tramoshnye.

Otmechu takzhe i dva drugih svezhih obzora Fabbiano: astro-ph/0511273 i Investigating Galaxy Evolution with Chandra. Chemu posvyashen vtoroi yasno iz nazvaniya, a vot pervyi - eto epilog k simpoziumu MAS nomer 230. On soderzhit perechen' naibolee interesnyh rezul'tatov, dolozhennyh na nem.


Vypusk 114. 08-29 avgusta 2005

astro-ph/0508298 Otkrytie gamma-luchei ochen' vysokih energii ot rentgenovskoi dvoinoi (Discovery of very high energy gamma-rays associated with an X-ray binary)
Authors: H.E.S.S. Collaboration: F. Aharonian, et al
Comments: 9 pages, 3 figures, Science 309, 746 (2005)

S pomosh'yu ochen' uspeshno rabotayushei ustanovki H.E.S.S. udalos' zaregistrirovat' izluchenie ot odnogo iz mikrokvazarov LS 5039. Eto, v principe, ozhidaemyi rezul'tat, t.k., esli takoe izluchenie nablyudaetsya ot aktivnyh yader galaktik s dzhetami, a mikrokvazary yavlyayutsya ih umen'shennoi (i blizkoi k nam) kopiei, to razumno predpolozhit' vozmozhnost' registracii gamma-luchei vysokih energii i ot mikrokvazarov.


Vypusk 110. 15-30 iyunya 2005

gr-qc/0506058 Ozhidaemyi temp sliyanii dvoinyh neitronnyh zvezd (Expected Coalescence Rate of Double Neutron Stars for Ground Based Interferometers)
Authors: T. Regimbau et al.
Comments: talk given at the GWDAW9 (Annecy, 2004) to be published in CQG

Privodyatsya ocherednye ocenki tempa sliyaniya dvoinyh neitronnyh zvezd. Raschitany chastoty nablyudenii takih sobytii nazemnymi detektorami (LIGO, VIRGO). V svoih nachal'nyh konfiguraciyah, soglasno avtoram, interferometry ne smogut uvidet' sliyaniya (temp sostavlyaet primerno raz v 125-150 let), zato posle "dovodki" detektory smogut registrirovat' po neskol'ku sliyanii v god.

Zametim, chto eti ocenki menee optimistichny, chem, skazhem, raschety Lipunova i dr.


Vypusk 105. 21-30 aprelya 2005

astro-ph/0504479 Ogranicheniya na modeli populyacionnogo sinteza po populyacii dvoinyh neitronnyh zvezd (Constraining population synthesis models via the binary neutron star population)
Authors: R. O'Shaughnessy et al.
Comments: Submitted to ApJ. Uses emulateapj.cls. 8 pages + 7 figures

Kak izvestno, sliyaniya dvuh neitronnyh zvezd rassmatrivayutsya kak naibolee veroyatnye istochniki gravitacionnyh voln, kotorye smogut registrirovat' detektory tipa LIGO i VIRGO. Menee izvestno, chto raschety metodom populyacionnogo sinteza pokazyvayut, chto sliyaniya neitronnyh zvezd s chernymi dyrami mogut okazat'sya bolee veroyatnymi istochnikami (takim raschety provodilis', naprimer, v otdele Relyativistskoi astrofiziki GAISh pod rukovodstvom V.M. Lipunova). Odnako velika neopredelennost' v raschetah. Avtory predalagayut ispol'zovat' dannye po izvestnym sistemam, sostoyashim iz dvuh neitronnyh zvezd, dlya umen'sheniya etoi neopredelennosti. Eto lish' pervaya rabota avtorov v dannom napravlenii, tak chto "mnogoe sdelano, no mnogoe eshe predstoit".


dissertaciya astro-ph/0504498 Gamma-izluchenie ot mikrokvazarov (Gamma-Ray Emission from Microquasars)
Authors: M.M. Kaufman Bernado
Comments: PhD Thesis supervised by G.E. Romero and presented at the University of Buenos Aires (UBA) on December 15th, 2004

V dissertacii mikrokvazary (akkreciruyushie dvoinye s relyativistskimi dzhetami) obsuzhdayutsya kak vozmozhnye neotozhdestvlennye istochniki, nablyudavshiesya priborom EGRET.


Vypusk 103. 01-10 aprelya 2005

astro-ph/0504150 Precezionnyi taiming RX J0806.3+1527: ukazanie na gravitacionnoe izluchenie ot ul'trakompaktnoi dvoinoi (Precision X-ray Timing of RX J0806.3+1527 with CHANDRA: Evidence for Gravitational Radiation from an Ultracompact Binary)
Authors: Tod E. Strohmayer
Comments: 23 pages, 9 figures, AASTeX, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal

K ul'trakompaktnym dvoinym otnosyat sistemy, sostoyashie iz dvuh vyrozhdennyh ob'ektov, naprimer (i v osnovnom), iz dvuh belyh karlikov. Sistema RX J0806.3+1527 yavlyaetsya kandidatom v takie ob'ekty, prichem zapodozreno, chto dvoinaya imeet naimen'shii iz izvestnyh orbital'nyh periodov.

Rentgenovskoe izluchenie RX J0806.3+1527 pokazyvaet pul'sacii. Eto mozhet byt' kak rezul'tatom orbital'nogo vrasheniya, tak i rezul'tatom vrasheniya akkreciruyushego belogo karlika vokrug svoei osi. Osnovyvayas' na dannyh dlitel'nogo taiminga, provedennogo na sputnike Chandra, avtor pokazyvaet nalichie stabil'nogo umen'sheniya perioda. Eto naibolee horosho ob'yasnyaetsya gravitacionnym izlucheniem dvoinoi. Orbital'nyi period pri etom, razumeetsya, umen'shaetsya (unositsya kak raz energiya orbital'nogo vrasheniya).

Zdes' voznikaet interesnyi moment. Esli period i v samom dele orbital'nyi, to istochnikom rentgenovskogo izlucheniya ne mozhet byt' akkreciya. V ul'trakompaktnoi dvoinoi akkreciya dolzhna idti s bolee legkogo belogo karlika na bolee tyazhelyi. Pri etom zvezdy dolzhny "raz'ezzhat'sya". T.e. orbital'nyi period budet uvelichivat'sya. Koli zhe my vidim umen'shenie perioda, to, polagaet avtor, nuzhno pridumyvat' kakoi-to inoi, vozmozhno elektro-magnitnyi, mehanizm vydeleniya energii.


Vypusk 99. 15-28 fevralya 2005

astro-ph/0502265 Obzornyi radiomonitoring ul'tramoshnyh rentgenovskih istochnikov (A Radio Monitoring Survey of Ultra-Luminous X-Ray Sources)
Authors: E. Koerding, E. Colbert, H. Falcke
Comments: Accepted for publication in A&A, 11 pages, 4 figures

Avtory proveli radiomonitoring devyati blizhaishih ul'tramoshnyh rentgenovskih istochnikov (UMI) s pomosh'yu VLA. Ni postoyannogo, ni vspyshechnogo radioizlucheniya ot UMI zaregistrirovano ne bylo (obnaruzhennoe izluchenie dvuh istochnikov v M82 skoree vsego svyazano s ostatkami sverhnovyh). V principe rezul'taty nablyudenii ne pozvolyayut vybrat' odnu iz dvuh osnovnyh gipotez, ob'yasnyayushih prirodu UMI (akkreciya na chernye dyry promezhutochnyh mass ili zhe akkreciya na chernye dyry zvezdnyh mass s obrazovaniem relyativistskih dzhetov). Odnako takie nablyudeniya vazhny, mozhet byt' v dal'neishem avtoram povezet bol'she, i ih rezul'taty smogut pomoch' v vybore modeli dlya UMI.


astro-ph/0502290 Priroda ul'tramoshnyh rentgenovskih istochnikov (The Nature of Ultra Luminous X-ray Sources)
Authors: C. M. Gutierrez, M. Lopez-Corredoira
Comments: 9 pages, Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters

Nadeemsya, chto s samimi ul'tramoshnymi istochnikami nashi chitateli uzhe horosho znakomy (ili po stat'e na Astronete, ili po peredache na radio Svoboda). Vot novye rezul'taty.

Avtory rassmatrivayut vopros o tom, chto mnogie iz UMI mogut yavlyat'sya fonovymi dalekimi aktivnymi yadrami galaktik. Eto osobenno aktual'no dlya ob'ektov v ellipticheskih galaktikah, a takzhe dlya istochnikov na okrainah galaktik vne oblastei moshnogo zvezdoobrazovaniya. Rassmatrivaetsya shest' istochnikov, dlya kotoryh polucheny horoshie opticheskie spektry. Vse shest' okazalis' dalekimi kvazarami. Vse shest' lezhat dostatochno daleko ot centrov svoih galaktik. Rezul'taty nahodyatsya v horoshem soglasii s bolee rannimi ocenkami. T.o., kak i predpolagalos', dlya UMI, lezhashih vne vydelennyh oblastei (spiral'nye rukava, oblasti zvezdoobrazovaniya, sharovye skopleniya i t.p.) velika dolya fonovyh.


Vypusk 97. 17-31 yanvarya 2005

astro-ph/0501305 Opticheskii kompan'on ul'tramoshnogo istochnika v NGC5204 (The optical counterpart of an Ultra-luminous X-Ray Source in NGC 5204)
Authors: Ji-Feng Liu et al.
Comments: 2004ApJ...602..249L
astro-ph/0501310 Opticheskie nablyudeniya ul'tramoshnyh rentgenovskih istochnikov v blizkih galaktikah (Optical studies of ultra-luminous X-ray sources in nearby galaxies)
Authors: Ji-Feng Liu et al.
Comments: 29 pages, 10 figures
astro-ph/0501306 Dvuhchasovoi kvaziperiod v ul'tramoshnom istochnike v NGC628 (A Two Hour Quasi-Period in an Ultra-luminous X-Ray source in NGC628)
Authors: Ji-Feng Liu et al.
Comments: 12 pages, 3 figures. accepted for publication in ApJ Letter
astro-ph/0501309 Ul'tramoshnye rentgenovskie istochniki v blizkih galaktikah po dannym ROSAT HRI. I. Analiz dannyh (Ultra-luminous X-ray Sources in nearby galaxies from ROSAT HRI observations I. data analysis)
Authors: Ji-Feng Liu et al.
Comments: 130 preprint pages, 76 pfigures, 3 tables, 67 pages in ApJS. to appear in the March issue in ApJS
astro-ph/0501312 Ul'tramoshnye rentgenovskie istochniki v blizkih galaktikah po dannym ROSAT HRI. II. Statisticheskie svoistva (Ultra-luminous X-ray Sources in nearby galaxies from ROSAT HRI observations II. statistical properties)
Authors: Ji-Feng Liu et al.
Comments: 45 pages, 14 figures, 5 tables. submitted to ApJ

Predstavlyaem stat'i, sostavivshie osnovu "goryachei temy" vypuska.

Kak my neodnokratno otmechali, sverhmoshnye istochniki - odna iz naibolee interesnyh zagadok v astrofizike vysokih energii. I imenno nablyudeniya (v pervuyu ochered' nablyudeniya normal'nyh zvezd-komponentov) dadut otvet kakie zhe chernye dyry sidyat v etih sistemah.

V pervoi iz rech' idet kak raz ob obnaruzhenii opticheskogo kompan'ona odnogo iz UMI (ul'tramoshnyh istochnikov). Obrabotka dannyh i ih analiz pokazyvayut, chto naibolee veroyatno, chto normal'naya zvezda yavlyaetsya sverhgigantom klassa B0. Dlya opredeleniya massy chernoi dyry ponadobyatsya novye nablyudeniya (v chastnosti, avtory nadeyutsya obnaruzhit' orbital'nyi period).

Opticheskie nablyudeniya UMI summirovany vo vtoroi stat'e.

Vo tret'ei stat'e rasskazyvaetsya ob obnaruzhenii kvaziperiodicheskih izmenenii rentgenovskoi svetimosti istochnika v spiral'noi galaktike NGC 628. Period sostavlyaet poryadka 1-2 chasov. Eto unikal'noe povedenie dlya UMI. Sravnenie s povedeniem drugih tipov istochnikov s chernymi dyrami pozvolyaet zapodozrit', chto massa chernoi dyry v issleduemom ob'ekte sostavlyaet neskol'ko tysyach mass Solnca. T.e. eto, po vsei vidimosti, chernaya dyra promezhutochnoi massy.

Dve poslednie raboty predstavlyayut rezul'tat obrabotki dannyh po UMI v blizkih galaktikah, poluchennyh eshe na sputnike ROSAT.


astro-ph/0501327 Issledovanie prirody slabyh rentgenovskih istochnikov v centre Galaktiki (Exploring the Nature of Weak Chandra Sources near the Galactic Centre)
Authors: R. M. Bandyopadhyay et al.
Comments: 6 pages, In Proc. of `Interacting Binaries: Accretion, Evolution, and Outcomes'', eds. L. A. Antonelli et al., AIP, Cefalu, Sicily, 2004

Nablyudeniya na sputnike Chandra pokazali okolo 800 rentgenovskih istochnikov v oblasti s ploshad'yu primerno poltora kvadratnyh gradusa vokrug galakticheskogo centra. Bol'shinstvo iz nih imeyut nebol'shuyu rentgenovskuyu svetimost' poryadka 1032-1033 erg/s.

Avtory obsuzhdayut vozmozhnuyu prirodu etih ob'ektov, a takzhe predstavlyayut pervye rezul'taty infrakrasnyh nablyudenii etoi oblasti. Oni polagayut, chto bOl'shaya chast' istochnikov - eto rentgenovskie dvoinye s kompaktnymi ob'ektami. Vozmozhno, chto sredi etih istochnikov est' novye tipy tesnyh dvoinyh sistem.


miniobzor astro-ph/0501576 Vysokoenergichnye processy v mikrokvazarah (High energy processes in microquasars)
Authors: Josep M. Paredes
Comments: Universitat de Barcelona, Departament d'Astronomia i Meteorologia, 12 pages, 5 figures. Invited talk presented at the International Symposium "High-Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy", 26-30 July 2004, Heidelberg (Germany). To be published by AIP Proceedings Series

Obzor posvyashen mikrokvazaram - tesnym dvoinym sistemam s relyativistskimi dzhetami. Avtor koncentriruet vnimanie na processah, privodyashih v izlucheniyu fotonov vysokoi energii, t.e. gamma-kvantov.


Vypusk 96. 01-16 yanvarya 2005

miniobzor astro-ph/0501264 Akkreciruyushie millisekundnye pul'sary (Accretion-driven millisecond X-ray pulsars)
Authors: Rudy Wijnands
Comments:To appear in Nova Science Publishers (NY) volume "Pulsars New Research"

Vyshe my napisali, chto millisekundnye radiopul'sary byli raskrucheny v tesnyh dvoinyh sistemah. Odnako dolgoe vremya astronomy ne mogli zaregistrirovat' akkreciruyushie millisekundnye pul'sary. Takie ob'ekty dolzhny byli by nablyudat'sya kak rentgenovskie istochniki. Lish' neskol'ko let nazad oni byli obnaruzheny.

Pervoi otkrytoi sistemoi etogo tipa stal istochnik SAX J1808.4-3658 (SAX v nazvanii ukazyvaet, chto otkrytie bylo sdelano na sputnike BeppoSAX). Imenno etomu ob'ektu posvyashena bOl'shaya chast' predstavlyaemogo obzora.

Otmetim zdes' i druguyu svezhuyu stat'yu. "Constraining Brans-Dicke Gravity with Millisecond Pulsars in Ultracompact Binaries". V nei predlagaetsya ispol'zovat' pyat' izvestnyh akkreciruyushih millisekundnyh rentgenovskih pul'sarov dlya proverki teorii gravitacii.


Vypusk 95. 22-31 dekabrya 2004

astro-ph/0412392 Predvaritel'nye nablyudatel'nye rezul'taty o prilivnoi sinhronizacii v razdelennyh dvoinyh solnechnogo tipa (Preliminary Observational Results of Tidal Synchronization in Detached Solar-Type Binary Stars)
Authors: S. Meibom
Comments: 12 pages, 8 figures

Dannaya rabota osnovana na nablyudeniyah dvoinyh v rasseyannyh skopleniyah M35 (NGC2168) i M34 (NGC1039). Vozrast etih skoplenii sostavlyaet primerno 150 i 250 millionov let, sootvetstvenno. V kazhdom iz nih nablyudayutsya dvoinye sistemy solnechnogo tipa s razlichnymi periodami (poluosyami), skorost' vrasheniya zvezd opredelyaetsya po ushireniyu spektral'nyh linii, no eti skopleniya dostatochno blizkie, chto pozvolyaet poluchat' spektry s ochen' vysokim razresheniem. Eti dannye pozvolyayut sravnit' uglovuyu skorost' dvizheniya zvezdy v periastre so skorost'yu ee osevogo vrasheniya. Ostal'nye detali v samoi stat'e.



Samye svezhie stat'i

miniobzor astro-ph/0412635 Populyacionnyi sintez dvoinyh sistem malyh i promezhutochnyh mass (Population synthesis for low and intermediate mass binaries)
Authors: L. R. Yungelson
Comments: 10 pages, 4 figures, to appear in INTERACTING BINARIES: Accretion, Evolution and Outcomes, AIP, Eds: L. A. Antonelli, L. Burderi, F. D'Antona, T. Di Salvo, G.L. Israel, L. Piersanti, O. Straniero, A. Tornambe

Nebol'shoi, no soderzhatel'nyi obzor, posvyashennyi evolyucii dvoinyh sistem, zvezdy v kotoryh nedostatochno massivny, chtoby v konce svoei zhizni prevratit'sya v neitronnye zvezdy ili chernye dyry.

Na kartinke vnizu pokazany varianty evolyucii v sluchae neustoichivogo pervogo zapolneniya polosti Rosha.


Vypusk 94. 13-21 dekabrya 2004

astro-ph/0412236 Neobychnye rentgenovskie tranzienty v centre Galaktiki (Unusual X-ray transients in the Galactic Centre)
Authors: Masaaki Sakano et al.
Comments: 9 pages, 5 figures, to appear in MNRAS, figures with full resolution are available at http://www.star.le.ac.uk/~mas/research/paper/#Sakano2004mnras

Avtory dokladyvayut ob otkrytii dvuh neobychnyh rentgenovskih tranzientov. Neobychnost' svyazana v pervuyu ochered' s nevysokoi maksimal'noi svetimost'yu etih istochnikov: poryadka 5 1034 erg/s. Po-mneniyu avtorov ni odin iz izvestnyh tipov istochnikov ne mozhet ob'yasnit' eti dva.


miniobzor astro-ph/0412333 Vzryvy klassicheskih novyh (Classical nova explosions)
Authors: Margarita Hernanz
Comments: 14 pages, review paper for the conference 'The Astrophysics of Cataclysmic Variables and Related Objects', Strasbourg, France, 11-16 July 2004 (ASP Conference Series, Eds. J.M. Hameury and J.P. Lasota)

Vse dostatochno horosho znayut, chto takoe novye zvezdy. Napomnim, tem ne menee, chto eto dvoinye sistemy s belymi karlikami, i vzryv proishodit imenno na poverhnosti karlika. V etom nebol'shom obzore opisany poslednie dostizheniya v izuchenii novyh. Osoboe vnimanie avtor udelyaet nukleosintezu, proishodyashemu vo vremya vspyshek.


astro-ph/0412492 Izbytok tranzientnyh rentgenovskih sistem v central'nom parseke Galaktiki (An Overabundance of Transient X-ray Binaries within 1 pc of the Galactic Center)
Authors: M. P. Muno et al.
Comments: 4 pages, including 2 figures (one color). Submitted to ApJ Letters

Eshe 8 let nazad my obsuzhdali obilie rentgenovskih ischtonikov v centre Galaktiki, v chastnosti nashi raschety ukazyvali na to, chto osobenno mnogo dolzhno byt' tam rentgenovskih tranzientov. Pravda, my obsuzhdali ne central'nyi parsek, a bolee shirokuyu oblast'. Tem ne menee priyatno videt', chto kolichestvo otkryvaemyh tranzientov v central'noi chasti Galaktiki vse rastet i rastet.

Avtory dokladyvayut ob otozhdestvlenii semi tranzientov vnutri 23 parsek ot galakticheskogo centra. Krome gipotezy o tom, chto vse eti istochniki pryamo tam i obrazovalis', avtory rassmatrivayut vozmozhnost' razrusheniya krupnogo skopleniya zvezd, vletevshego v central'nuyu oblast' nashei Galaktiki.


miniobzor astro-ph/0412524 Rentgenovskie istochniki v sharovyh skopleniyah (X-ray sources in globular clusters)
Authors: Frank Verbunt
Comments: Invited review in: "Interacting binaries", July 4-10 Cefalu, eds. Antonelli et al., to be published with AIP. 10 pages,6 figures

Daetsya obzor poslednih dannyh po rentgenovskim istochnikam v sharovyh skopleniyah. Osobyi upor sdelan na ul'trakompaktnye sistemy, obrazovanie kotoryh v obychnyh usloviyah galakticheskogo diska bylo by zatrudnitel'nym. Krome togo, rassmotreny sistemy maloi svetimosti, kolichestvo kotoryh rastet blagodarya novym teleskopam tipa Chandry.



Vypusk 93. 01-12 dekabrya 2004

astro-ph/0412024 Gipernovye i gamma-vspleski kak rezul'tat sliyaniya dvoinyh (Binary Merger Progenitors for Gamma-Ray Bursts and Hypernovae)
Authors: Chris L. Fryer and Alexander Heger
Comments: 29 pages including 12 figures, submitted to ApJ

Eshe odna interesnaya rabota, svyazannaya s tesnymi dvoinymi sistemami. Na etot raz ona ne kasaetsya populyacionnogo sinteza, no net nikakogo somneniya v tom, chto ishodya iz gipotezy, razrabotannoi v dannoi stat'e, v budushem budut provedeny i populyacionnye raschety.

Kratko: avtory rassmatrivayut ideyu o tom, chto gamma-vspleski i gipernovye yavlyayutsya rezul'tatom sliyaniya dvuh gelievyh zvezd.

Napomnim, chto komanda uchenyh, v kotoruyu vhodyat i avtory stat'i, uzhe vyskazyvalas' o tom, chto sozdanie gipernovoi i gamma-vspleska trebuet, chtoby u vzryvayusheisya zvezdy byl sushestvennyi uglovoi moment, kotoryi v obychnyh usloviya trudno dostizhim, a znachit, sleduet obratit'sya k operedelennym tipam dvoinyh sistem. V dannoi stat'e Fraier i Heger konkretiziruyut, sistemy kakogo tipa naibolee perspektivny, i rassmatrivayut mehanizm vzryva v nekotoryh detalyah.

Podcherknem, chto neobhodimy populyacionnye issledovaniya, chtoby ocenit' chastotu takih sliyaniii ee zavisimost' ot parametrov evolyucionnogo scenariya (naprimer, ot effektivnosti obshei obolochki).


Vypusk 92. 15-30 noyabrya 2004

astro-ph/0411423 Izuchenie obrazovaniya kompaktnyh ob'ektov i nachal'nyh skorostei otdachi I. Metody vychislenii i sluchai istochnika GRO J1655-40 (Understanding Compact Object Formation and Natal Kicks I. Calculation Methods and the case of GRO J1655-40)
Authors: B. Willems et al.
Comments: 56 pages, submitted to ApJ

Vzryv sverhnovoi otpechatyvaetsya v dal'neishei sud'be kompaktnogo ob'ekta (neitronnoi zvezdy ili chernoi dyry). Poskol'ku detal'naya teoriya vzryva eshe ne sozdana, predstavlyaetsya razumnym vosstanovit' maksimum informacii po takomu "otpechatku".

Esli my vidim rentgenovskuyu sistemu s kompaktnym ob'ektom, to my mozhem popytat'sya vosstanovit' ego istoriyu. Seichas dlya mnogih takih sistem est' dannye o prostranstvennoi skorosti. Eto pozvolyaet ocenit' kakuyu dopolnitel'nuyu skorost' (kik) poluchil kompaktnyi ob'ekt v rezul'tate vzryva.

Avtory dannoi stat'i namerevayutsya v budushem provesti takie rassledovaniya dlya mnozhestva dvoinyh sistem. Poka zhe predstavleny detali metody, a takzhe dana illyustraciya na primere kandidata v chernye dyry GRO J1655-40.

Po vsei vidimosti pri svoem rozhdenii chernaya dyra poluchila nebol'shoi kik (kick - udar, tolchok), v rezul'tate chego priobrela skorost' v neskol'ko desyatkov kilometrov v sekundu. Opredelenie takogo parametra dlya neskol'kih kandidatov v chernye dyry pozvolit sushestvenno prodvinut'sya v ponimanii togo, kak chernye dyry obrazuyutsya.


astro-ph/0411425 Otvechayut li kiki sverhnovyh za vybros rentgenovskih dvoinyh iz molodyh skoplenii? (Are Supernova Kicks Responsible for X-ray Binary Ejection from Young Clusters?)
Authors: J. Sepinsky, V. Kalogera, K. Belczynski
Comments: 4 pages, 1 figure. Submitted to Astrophysical Journal Letters

Eshe odna stat'ya, posvyashennaya kikam. Sovremennye rentgenovskie nablyudeniya otlichayutsya dostatochno vysokim uglovm razresheniem. V chastnosti, eto pozvolyaet opredelyat' dostatochno tochnye polozheniya rentgenovskih istochnikov v galaktikah.

Massivnye rentgenovskie dvoinye - eto molodye ob'ekty. Bol'shinstvo iz nih dolzhny byli obrazovyvat'sya v molodyh massivnyh zvezdnyh skopleniyah. Nablyudeniya pokazyvayut, chto istochniki neskol'ko smesheny otnositel'no skoplenii. Razumno predpolozhit', chto smeshenie svyazano s tem, chto istochniki priobreli dopolnitel'nuyu skorost' posle vzryva odnoi iz komponent sistemy. Takoe predpolozhenie neobhodimo proverit', chto i delayut avtory stat'i. Rezul'taty raschetov okazyvayutsya v sootvetstvii s gipotezoi o tom, chto imenno skorost' otdachi otvetstvenna za vybros dvoinyh sistem iz skoplenii.


Vypusk 91. 01-14 noyabrya 2004

obzor astro-ph/0411040 Ul'tramoshnye istochniki v blizhaishih galaktikah (Ultra-Luminous Sources in Nearby Galaxies)
Authors: Richard Mushotzky
Comments: 18 pages, 4 figures

My chasto pishem ob UMI (ul'tramoshnyh istochnikah). V dannoi stat'e soderzhitsya podrobnyi obzor istochnikov etogo tipa v blizhaishih galaktikah.

V sleduyushem nomere zhurnala "Zvezdochet" ozhidaetsya vyhod stat'i odnogo iz avtorov obzorov, celikom posvyashennoi UMI.

obzor astro-ph/0411200 Teoriya istechenii iz kataklizmicheskih peremennyh (Theory of Outflows in Cataclysmic Variables)
Authors: Daniel Proga
Comments: 15 pages, 4 figures

V obzore rassmatrivaetsya istechenie veshestva iz akkrecionnogo diska v kataklizmicheskih peremennyh pod deistviem davleniya izlucheniya v liniyah. Rassmatrivaetsya kak chisto gidrodinamicheskii, tak i magnitogidrodinamicheskie mehanizmy. Obsuzhdayutsya fizicheskie principy i ih realizaciya v chislennyh shemah.


Vypusk 89. 18-25 oktyabrya 2004

astro-ph/0410381 Chto my mozhem uznat' ob obrazovanii chernyh dyr, izuchaya rentgenovskie dvoinye? (What can we learn about black-hole formation from black-hole X-ray binaries?)
Authors: G. Nelemans
Comments: 6 pages, To appear in proceedings of "Massive Stars in Interacting Binaries", eds. Nicole St-Louis & Tony Moffat

Korotkaya i ochen' ponyatnaya stat'ya o tom, kakie dannye o chernyh dyrah (zvezdy-praroditeli, skorosti otdachi, proishodit li vzryv pri obrazovanii chernoi dyry, skol'ko veshestva teryaetsya pri obrazovanii chernoi dyry) my mozhem uznat', izuchaya informaciyu po tesnym dvoinym sistemam s chernymi dyrami.

Vyvody takie:

  • chernye dyry obrazuyutsya so vzryvom i poterei massy;
  • chernye dyry poluchayut kik pri rozhdenii, t.e. process rozhdeniya ne simmetrichen.


Vypusk 88. 11-17 oktyabrya 2004

astro-ph/0410301 Rekonstrukciya evolyucii dvoinyh belyh karlikov: novyi zakon sblizheniya na stadii s obshei obolochkoi (Reconstructing the evolution of white dwarf binaries: further evidence for an alternative algorithm for the outcome of the common-envelope phase in close binaries)
Authors: G. Nelemans and C.A. Tout
Comments: 13 pages, 8 figures, accepted in MNRAS

Kogda odna iz zvezd v tesnoi dvoinoi sisteme zapolnyaet svoyu polost' Rosha i po kakim-libo prichinam (naprimer, iz-za bol'shogo otnosheniya mass v sisteme) nachinaet peretekat' na vtoruyu komponentu v ochen' vysokom tempe, stol' vysokom, chto vtoraya zvezda ne uspevaet eto veshestvo prinimat', to vokrug sistemy mozhet obrazovat'sya obshaya obolochka. Na stadii s obshei obolochkoi komponenty dvoinoi sistemy ochen' sil'no sblizhayutsya (v desyatki raz za vremya vsego lish' v neskol'ko desyatkov tysyach let).

Na neobhodimost' sushestvovaniya podobnogo processa dlya ob'yasneniya obrazovaniya osobo tesnyh dvoinyh sistem ukazal v 1976 godu Bogdan Pachin'skii. A v 1984 godu Vebbink (Webbink) pridumal opisyvayushuyu etot process energeticheskuyu (ili α) formulu

ΔEenv = α x ΔEorb.
Etoi formuloi pol'zuyutsya do sih por, hotya inogda ona ne ob'yasnyaet nablyudaemyh yavlenii.

V dannoi rabote avtory predlozhili drugoi zakon, opisyvayushii sblizhenie zvezd na stadii s obshei obolochkoi. On osnovyvaetsya na zakone sohraneniya uglovogo momenta

ΔJ/J = &gamma x ΔM/M.

Avtory utverzhdayut, chto s pomosh'yu odnogo (dlya vseh sistem) koefficienta γ im udalos' opisat' vse nablyudaemye yavleniya.


Vypusk 87. 01-10 oktyabrya 2004

astro-ph/0410117 Obzor M31 na XMM-Newton (XMM-Newton survey of M 31)
Authors: W. Pietsch, M. Freyberg, F. Haberl
Comments: 15 pages, 5 figures, submitted to A&A

Analiz arhivnyh dannyh XMM-Newton pozvolil izuchit' 856 istochnikov so svetimostyami >4.4 1034 erg/s.

Korrelirovanie novyh dannyh s bolee rannimi katalogami v razlichnyh diapazonah pozvolilo otozhdestvit' mnogie iz etih pochti devyati soten istochnikov. V chastnosti vyyavleno 21 ostatok sverhnovoi (i 23 kandidata), 18 sverhmyagkih istochnikov (eto akkreciruyushie belye karliki v tesnyh dvoinyh sistemah), 7 rentgenovskih dvoinyh (i 9 kandidatov), 27 istochnikov v sharovyh skopleniyah (i 10 kandidatov). Vyyavleno mnogo tranzientnyh isotchnikov, kotorye ne nablyudalis' ranee.

Yasno takzhe, chto sredi zaregistrirovannyh istochnikov dolzhny byt' fonovye: kak lezhashie za Tumannost'yu Andromedy (v osnovnom aktivnye yadra galaktik), tak i lezhashie blizhe (v osnovnom zvezdy nashei galaktiki).


Vypusk 84. 01-12 sentyabrya 2004

astro-ph/0409174 Spin-orbital'nyi rezonans i evolyuciya kompaktnyh dvoinyh sistem (Spin-Orbit Resonance and the Evolution of Compact Binary Systems)
Authors: Jeremy D. Schnittman
Comments: 19 pages, 10 figures, submitted to Phys.Rev.D

Osi vrasheniya neitronnyh zvezd v slivayushihsya dvoinyh sistemah v nachale etogo processa mogut imet' proizvol'nuyu orientaciyu. Odnako po mere sblizheniya zvezd ih orientaciya menyaetsya. Prichinoi etogo yavlyayutsya prilivnye vzaimodeistviya, osobenno effektivnye pri vozniknovenii rezonansov. Osi zvezd mogut vyravnivat'sya s orbital'nym momentom (eta situaciya bez vozniknoveniya spin-orbital'nogo rezonansa pokazana na risunke sleva), libo proishodit "rezonansnyi zahvat" i poluchaetsya sovsem drugoe konechnoe raspredelenie (risunok sprava).


astro-ph/0409203 Dinamicheskie prilivy i evolyuciya zvezd v tesnyh dvoinyh (Dynamic Tides and the Evolution of Stars in Close Binaries)
Authors: B. Willems, A. Claret
Comments: 10 pages, 3 figures

Prilivy v tesnyh dvoinyh sistemah, deistvuyut takzhe, kak mezhdu Zemlei i Lunoi. Ih osnovnoe deistvie proyavlyaetsya v cirkulyarizacii orbity (ekscentrisitet stremitsya k nulyu) i v sinhronizacii vrasheniya zvezd (periody vrasheniya zvezd stanovyatsya ravnymi orbital'nomu, a osi perpendikulyarnymi k ploskosti orbity) zvezdy navsegda povorachivayutsya drug k drugu odnim bokom. No vse eti processy, tak zhe kak v sluchae nashei planety i ee sputnika, proishodyat ochen' medlenno, parametry izmenyayutsya za ochen' bol'shie intervaly vremeni.

Odnako ukazannaya kartina rezko menyaetsya, esli chastota prilivov sovpadaet s odnoi iz chastot sobstvennyh kolebanii zvezd ...


Vypusk 81. 20-30 iyunya 2004

astro-ph/0406573 SB9: Devyatyi katalog orbit spektral'nyh dvoinyh (SB9: The Ninth Catalogue of Spectroscopic Binary Orbits)
Authors: D.Pourbaix, A.A. Tokovinin et al.
Comments: 6 pages, 6 figures, acceptev in A&A

Orbity dvoinyh sistem chashe vsego opredelyayut dvumya sposobami: dlya shirokih vizual'nyh dvoinyh - po izmeneniyu rasstoyaniya i polozheniya razdelennyh komponentov, dlya tesnyh spektral'nyh dvoinyh - po doplerovskomu sdvigu spektral'nyh linii komponentov sistemy.

Stal dostupnym devyatyi katalog orbit spektral'nyh dvoinyh, v nem privedeny dannye o 2386 dvoinyh zvezdah.


Raspredelenie spektral'nyh dvoinyh po periodam (v dnyah):
tolstaya liniya - sistemy s odnim spektrom, tonkaya - s dvumya.


Vypusk 74. 01-11 aprelya 2004

astro-ph/0404102 Taiming rentgenovskih zatmenii v malomassivnoi rentgenovskoi sisteme EXO 0748-676 (X-Ray Eclipse Timing in the LMXB EXO 0748-676)
Authors: Michael T. Wolff et al.
Comments: 4 Pages, 3 Figures

Neobychnaya zatmennaya rentgenovskaya sistema EXO 0748-676 byla otkryta v 1985 godu. Za eto vremya orbital'nyi period sistemy trizhdy rezko (za ochen' korotkii interval vremeni) izmenyalsya, posle chego ostavalsya na pochti postoyannom urovne v techenie dostatochno dolgogo vremeni. Veroyatno, eto povedenie svyazano s izmeneniyami v processah perenosa veshestva v dvoinoi. Avtory detal'no issledovali povedenie orbital'nogo perioda sistemy v poslednie 18 mesyacev.

Diagramma O-S, pokazyvayushaya raznost' mezhdu nablyudaemymi momentami zatmenii (O - observation) i ih predskazannymi znacheniyami (S - calculated). Kazhdyi lineinyi uchastok sootvetstvuet intervalu vremeni, kogda orbital'nyi period sistemy byl postoyannym.


Vypusk 73. 16-31 marta 2004

astro-ph/0403304 Populyacii rentgenovskih istochnikov v ploskosti Galaktiki (X-ray source populations in the Galactic Plane)
Authors: A. D. P. Hands et al.
Comments: 21 pages, 15 figures, accepted by MNRAS

Sputnik HMM-N'yuton - odna iz dvuh krupneishih sovremennyh kosmicheskih rentgenovskih observatorii. Odna iz ego zadach - postroenie kataloga istochnikov v ploskosti Galaktiki vplot' do ochen' malyh potokov. V dannoi stat'e privodyatsya pervye rezul'taty po ploshadke primerno v tri kvadratnyh gradusa v napravlenii 19-22 gradusa ot centra Galaktiki v poyase +/-0.6 gradusov ot ee ploskosti.

Na karte privedeno okolo 400 istochnikov s potokami vyshe 2 10-14 erg/sm2/s. Na slabyh potokah dominiruyut fonovye vnegalakticheskie istochniki. Sredi "myagkih" istochnikov (t.e. s osnovnym energovydeleniem v menee zhestkoi chasti spektra) - blizkie zvezdy s koronal'noi aktivnost'yu. Krome togo, avtory obsuzhdayut drugie tipy istochnikov, v pervuyu ochered' kataklizmicheskie peremennye i sistemy tipa RS CVn.

Otmetim, chto ne isklyucheno, chto 2-3 myagkih (0.4-2 keV) istochnika (na risunke - krasnye) mogut yavlyat'sya odinochnymi akkreciruyushimi neitronnymi zvezdami.


astro-ph/0403329 Akkreciya vetra v dvoinyh sistemah - I. (Wind accretion in binary stars - I. Mass accretion ratio)
Authors: T.Nagae et al.
Comments: 8 pages, accepted in Astron. Astroph.

Esli zvezda v tesnoi dvoinoi sisteme ne zapolnyaet polost' Rosha, no blizka k etomu, i, odnovremenno, obladaet moshnym zvezdnym vetrom, to akkreciya mozhet byt' dostatochno moshnoi, a ee fizika - ochen' interesnoi.

V dannoi rabote privedeny rezul'taty trehmernogo gidrodinamicheskogo modelirovaniya, provedennye gruppoi yaponskih issledovatelei. Tehnicheskaya storona (sobstvenno samo chislennoe modelirovanie) v stat'e rassmotrena ochen' kratko, zato mnogo graficheskih illyustracii. Osoboe vnimanie avtory udelyayut voprosu kachestvennomu razlichiyu struktury potokov pri akkrecii iz vetra (sil'noe nedozapolnenie polosti Rosha), pri techenii cherez tochku Lagranzha (polost' Rosha zapolnena) i v promezhutochnyh sluchayah (maloe otklonenie ot polosti Rosha).

Sleva tipichnaya geometriya potoka pri akkrecii iz zvezdnogo vetra,
sprava - pri zapolnenii polosti Rosha.


astro-ph/0403337 Struktura i evolyuciya malomassivnyh sistem tipa W UMa (Structure and evolution of low mass W UMa type systems)
Authors: Lifang Li, Zhanwen Han, Fenghui Zhang
Comments: 12 pages, 10 figures, to be published in MNRAS

Sistemy tipa W UMa (W Bol'shoi Medvedicy - po nazvaniyu peremennoi zvezdy -prototipa dannogo klassa zvezd) predstavlyayut soboi ochen' tesnye dvoinye zvezdy. Oba komponenta sistem etogo tipa nahodyatsya na glavnoi posledovatel'nosti i oba zapolnyayut svoi polosti Rosha. Veshestvo v takih sistemah peretekaet ot bolee massivnoi zvezdy k menee massivnoi, no eto "v srednem" na ochen' bol'shih intervalah vremeni, a na korotkih intervalah process nosit gorazdo bolee slozhnyh ciklicheskii harakter. Polnoi teorii evolyucii sistem dannogo tipa do sih por net. V dannoi stat'e privedeno dostatochno detal'noe rassmotrenie sovremennogo sostoyaniya etoi problemy.


Vypusk 72. 01-15 marta 2004

obzor astro-ph/0403306 Vekovaya evolyuciya kompaktnyh dvoinyh s uchetom irradiacii (Long-term evolution of compact binaries with irradiation feedback)
Authors: A. Buning and H. Ritter
Comments: 19 pages, 24 figures, accepted by A&A

V malomassivnyh tesnyh polurazdelennyh dvoinyh sistemah s odnim kompaktnym komponentom ochen' sushestvenny processy irradiacii - oblucheniya normal'no zvezdy (donora) izlucheniem, voznikayushim v processe akkrecii veshestva na kompaktnyi ob'ekt. Izluchenie, padayushee na poverhnost' normal'noi komponenty, mozhet na neskol'ko poryadkov prevoshodit' sobstvennuyu svetimost' zvezdy. V rezul'tate voznikaet samopodderzhivayushayasya akkreciya, kotoraya idet v sushestvenno bolee vysokom tempe, chem mogla by obespechit' termoyadernaya evolyuciya zvezdy. Pri etom vozmozhen kak stacionarnyi, tak i ciklicheskii rezhim, pri kotorom veshestvo vypadaet na kompaktnyi ob'ekt porciyami i vyzyvaet vspyshki zhestkogo izlucheniya. Imenno poslednyaya, naibolee bogataya effektami situaciya, podrobno rassmatrivaetsya v dannom obzore.


Vypusk 69. 08-15 fevralya 2004

astro-ph/0402146 Gazovye potoki v tesnyh dvoinyh sistemah (Gas flow in close binary star systems)
Authors: K.Oka, T.Matsuda, I.Hachisu, H.Boffin
Comments: 8 pages, 5 figures
astro-ph/0402217 Chislennoe modelirovanie poverhnostnyh potokov na zvezdu-kompan'on v tesnyh dvoinyh sistemah. Konstruirovanie doplerovskih kart v prilozhenii k galakticheskim sverhmyagkim rentgenovskim istochnikam (Numerical Simulation of the Surface Flow on the Companion Star in a Close Binary System II. Construction of Doppler maps and application to Galactic supersoft X-ray sources)
Authors: K.Oka, T.Matsuda, I.Hachisu, H.Boffin
Comments: 8 pages, 9 figures, accepted in A&A

Dve raboty odnoi i toi zhe chetverki avtorov, posvyashennye trehmernomu gidrodinamicheskomu modelirovaniyu processov peretekaniya veshestva cherez v sistemah, gde odin iz komponentov zapolnyaet polost' Rosha. Pervaya rabota ochen' szhaty obzor rezul'tatov etoi, v osnovnom yaponskoi: gruppy (hotya podobnym modelirovaniem zanimayutsya ne tol'ko oni). Vtoraya bolee podrobnaya i tehnicheskaya.


Vypusk 68. 01-07 fevralya 2004

miniobzor astro-ph/0402024 Dvoinye s kompaktnymi ob'ektami: progress v teorii i nablyudeniyah (Binaries with Compact Components: Theoretical and Observational Challenges)
Authors: Philipp Podsiadlowski, Eric Pfahl , Saul Rappaport
Comments: 4 pages, 2 figures, Proc. of La Paz Meeting, IAUC 194: "Compact Binaries in the Galaxy and Beyond"

Korotkii obzor, posvyashennyi novostyam v issledovanii tesnyh dvoinyh sistem. Zametnaya chast' otvedena rabotam samih avtorov, no eto vpolne zakonno: v poslednie gody ih gruppa deistvitel'no poluchila mnogo interesnyh rezul'tatov kak v nablyudeniyah, tak i v teorii.


astro-ph/0402027 Obzor centra Galaktiki v zhestkom rentgene po dannym INTEGRAL/IBIS. Katalog istochnikov (A Hard X-ray survey of the Galactic Center with INTEGRAL/IBIS. Catalog of sources)
Authors: M.Revnivtsev et al.
Comments: 6 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy Letters. Version with original quality figures can be taken from http://integral.rssi.ru/~mikej/integral_gc_survey_pazh_eng.ps.gz

Stroit' izobrazheniya v zhestkom diapazone ochen' tyazhelo. Poslednii obzor centra Galaktiki na energiyah >40 keV byl proveden na rossiiskom sputnike GRANAT s pomosh'yu pribora SIGMA bolee 5 let nazad. I vot Integral snova "rentgenografiruet serdce Galaktiki".

Summirovany rezul'taty glubokogo (bolee 2 millionov sekund) obzora centra Galaktiki, provedennogo v sentyabre 2003 g. na sputnike Integral. Bylo zaregistrirovano okolo 60 istochnikov. 43 iz nih otozhdestvleny s izvestnymi tesnymi dvoinymi sistemami (bol'shinstvo iz nih - eto barstery, sistemy s neitronnymi zvezdami, proyavlyayushie vspyshechnuyu aktivnost'), 1 - s anomal'nym rentgenovskim pul'sarom, 2 - s kataklizmicheskimi peremennymi, 1 - s istochnikom myagkih povtoryayushihsya gamma-vspleskov, 3 - s vnegalakticheskimi istochnikami. 10 istochnikov ne otozhdestvleny. Po krainei mere 2 istochnika yavlyayutsya novymi. Sam central'nyi istochnik Sgr A* ne obnaruzhen (na karte pokazan krestom). Konechno, po otdel'nym interesnym ob'ektam budut otdel'nye publikacii s detal'nym analizom.

Karta pokazana na risunke. Razmer izobrazheniya 35 na 25 gradusov.


astro-ph/0402054 Rezul'taty poiska novyh mikrokvazarov v Galaktike (Results of a search for new microquasars in the Galaxy)
Authors: M. Ribo et al.
Comments: 2 pages. To appear in RevMexAA(SC) Conference Series, Proc. of IAU Colloquium 194, "Compact Binaries in the Galaxy and Beyond", La Paz, Mexico, 17-21 November 2003, G. Tovmassian & E. Sion (eds.)

Mikrokvazary - eto tesnyh dvoinye sistemy s chernymi dyrami, u kotoryh nablyudayutsya relyativistskie dzhety. Schitaetsya, chto fizika vybrosov pohozha na tu, chto opredelyaet gigantskie dzhety kvazarov, tol'ko vot massa chernoi dyry ne desyatki millionov mass Solnca, i v million raz men'she - otsyuda i nazvanie.

Avtory ishut novye mikrokvazary na nizkih galakticheskih shirotah (t.e. v ploskosti Galaktiki) putem korrelyacii dannyh sputnika ROSAT i radionablyudenii. Poka nichego ne obnaruzheno ...

Sovetuem takzhe prochest' stat'yu SS433:the microquasar link with ULXs?, gde rasskazyvaetsya ob istochnike SS433 i obsuzhdaetsya vozmozhnaya svyaz' mikrokvazarov s ul'tramoshnymi istochnikami.


(Arhiv Tesnye dvoinye:
v.2, 2003, v.1, 2002-2003)

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