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  • 19.05.2003. Spektr moshnosti reliktovogo izlucheniya
  • 17.05.2003. Kakie obrazuyutsya zvezdy?
  • 15.05.2003. Massy i radiusy kvarkovyh zvezd
  • 13.05.2003. Raspredelenie kosmicheskih luchei po nebu
  • 11.05.2003. Ochen' goryachii gaz v M17


    Soderzhanie i bystryi perehod k razdelam obzora


    Stat'i nedeli
    "Luchshie iz luchshih"

  • astro-ph/0305157
    Opticheskoe otozhdestvlenie SAX J1808.4-3658 v spokoinom sostoyanii: ukazaniya na aktivnyi radiopul'sar?

  • astro-ph/0305179
    Inflyaciya i kosmicheskii mikrovolnovoi fon

  • astro-ph/0305211
    Evolyuciya struktury v uskoryayusheisya Vselennoi

  • astro-ph/0305214
    Kosmicheskaya Termobiologiya

  • physics/0305048
    Vychislitel'nye vselennye


    Goryachie temy nedeli

  • Chislennoe modelirovanie formirovaniya krupnomasshtabnoi struktury i pervyh ob'ektov vo Vselennoi

    Otdel'nye stat'i

  • Fundamental'nye parametry massivnyh zvezd (dva obzora)

  • Vyzyvaemoe neprozrachnost'yu sverh-rasshirenie zvezd asimptoticheskoi vetvi gigantov

  • Vozmozhnye post-AGB zvezdy

  • Dzhon Klifford Barton: nekrolog i bibliografiya

  • Pervichny li dvoinye ob'ekty poyasa Koipera?

  • Opticheskoe otozhdestvlenie SAX J1808.4-3658 v spokoinom sostoyanii: ukazaniya na aktivnyi radiopul'sar?

  • Poisk anizotropii v raspredelenii kosmicheskih luchei sverhvysokih energii

  • Inflyaciya i kosmicheskii mikrovolnovoi fon

  • Obzor XMM-LSS I. Nauchnye predposylki, struktura i pervye rezul'taty

  • Tochnoe vychislenie precessii perigeliya Merkuriya v OTO, kosmologicheskaya postoyannaya i obratnaya zadacha Yakobi

  • Obzor XMM-LSS II. Pervye skopleniya galaktik na bol'shih krasnyh smesheniyah: prorelaksirovavshie i kollapsiruyushie sistemy

  • Pervyi pristal'nyi vzglyad na diski vokrug buryh karlikov

  • Obrazovanie sharovyh skoplenii v ierarhicheskoi kosmologii

  • Funkciya raspredeleniya sveta vo Vselennoi: rezul'taty gidrodinamicheskogo modelirovaniya

  • Chislennoe modelirovanie rasprostraneniya sveta v gravitacionnom pole dvizhushihsya tel

  • Chislennyi analiz dostovernosti anizotropii kosmicheskih luchei

  • Evolyuciya fluktuacii barionnoi plotnosti v mnogokomponentnyh kosmologicheskih simulyaciyah

  • Budushaya evolyuciya struktury v uskoryayusheisya vselennoi

  • Kosmicheskaya Termobiologiya

  • Intraklasternye zvezdnye populyacii po rezul'tatam N-body kosmologicheskogo modelirovaniya -- I. Ogranicheniya na z=0

  • Nelineinoe gravitacionnoe skuchivanie v kosmologiyah so skalyarnymi polyami

  • Svoistva slabyh udalennyh galaktik, nablyudaemyh skvoz' "gravitacionnye teleskopy"

  • Gigantskii impul's ot pul'sara v Bol'shom Magellanovom oblake

  • Strannaya materiya v neitronnyh zvezdah - novye rezul'taty

  • Teoreticheskoe rassmotrenie skoplenii galaktik

  • Vid spektra moshnosti reliktovogo izlucheniya

  • Teplovaya struktura i ohlazhdenie sverhtekuchih zamagnichennyh neitronnyh zvezd

  • Nablyudeniya myagkih povtornyh gamma-vspleskov s BeppoSAX

  • Polyarizaciya reliktovogo izlucheniya

  • Pul'sar Vela v blizkom IK

  • Uskorenie vrasheniya v samoi korotkoperiodicheskoi dvoinoi RX J0806+15

  • Izmeneniya v programme gravitacionno-volnovyh issledovanii


    Iz razdela physics

  • Kopirovanie ssylok porozhdaet znamenitye stat'i?

  • Vychislitel'nye vselennye


    Polnyi Arhiv predydushih vypuskov.

    Arhiv statei, voshedshih v vypuski s 01 iyulya 2002 g. po 31 marta 2003 g.

    Razdely arhiva (s aprelya 2003 g.):
    kosmologiya,
    neitrino,
    kosmicheskie luchi i gamma-astronomiya,
    galaktiki, AYaG, kvazary,
    nasha Galaktika,
    mezhzvezdnaya sreda,
    zvezdy,
    sverhnovye,
    ostatki sverhnovyh,
    chernye dyry,
    neitronnye zvezdy,
    linzirovanie,
    Solnce,
    ekzoplanety,
    Solnechnaya sistema,
    akkreciya,
    tesnye dvoinye sistemy,
    gamma-vspleski,
    gravitacionnye volny,
    mehanizmy izlucheniya,
    chislennoe modelirovanie,
    dinamika, mehanika
    metody obrabotki dannyh,
    MGD,
    metody nablyudenii,
    budushie nablyudatel'nye proekty,
    prochee.


    Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki.
    Korotkoe esse ob elektronnyh preprintah.
    Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph s 2001 g.
  • Obzory preprintov astro-ph

    Vypusk N43
    astro-ph za 10 - 16 maya 2003 goda: izbrannye stat'i

    Goryachie temy nedeli

    Chislennoe modelirovanie formirovaniya krupnomasshtabnoi struktury i pervyh ob'ektov vo Vselennoi

    Modelirovanie formirovaniya galaktik, skoplenii galaktik, sharovyh skoplenii i t.d. - ochen' populyarnaya i vazhnaya tema, aktivno razrabatyvaemaya poslednie 20-30 let. S rostom moshnosti komp'yuterov mozhno provodit' vse bolee detal'nye vychisleniya. S poyavleniem bol'shih obzorov (sm. goryachuyu temu proshloi nedeli) mozhno delat' vse bolee detal'noe sravnenie raschetov s real'nymi dannymi.

    Na etoi nedele poyavilos' mnozhestvo rabot, v toi ili inoi stepeni svyazannyh s chislennym modelirovaniem obrazovaniya pervyh (ili ne pervyh) ob'ektov:
    Formation of globular clusters in hierarchical cosmology;
    The Probability Distribution Function of Light in the Universe: Results from Hydrodynamic Simulations;
    The Evolution of Baryon Density Fluctuations in Multi-Component Cosmological Simulations;
    Future Evolution of Structure in an Accelerating Universe;
    Intracluster stellar population properties from N-body cosmological simulations -- I. Constraints at z=0
    Non-linear gravitational clustering in scalar field cosmologies;
    A Theoretical Perspective on Galaxy Clusters: Physical Properties of the Dark Matter and Baryons.
    Krome togo v Arhive opublikovany sleduyushie stat'i, posvyashennye nablyudeniyam etih struktur i ob'ektov:
    The XMM-LSS survey I. Scientific motivations, design and first results;
    The XMM-LSS Survey II. First high redshift galaxy clusters: relaxed and collapsing systems.
    Obsudim nekotorye iz nih.
    Krupnomasshtabnuyu strukturu ne obyazatel'no vyrisovyvat' "po galaktike", mozhno ogranichit'sya skopleniyami galaktik. Poetomu nablyudeniya, modelirovanie obrazovaniya i prochie issledovaniya etih ob'ektov ochen' vazhny (sm. dissertaciyu A Theoretical Perspective on Galaxy Clusters: Physical Properties of the Dark Matter and Baryons, posvyashennuyu skopleniyam galaktik). Skopleniya horosho vidny v rentgene blagodarya goryachemu gazu. Svezhie dannye sputnika XMM dayut vozmozhnost' sdelat' obzor krupnomasshtabnoi struktury. Ob etom rasskazyvaetsya v stat'yah astro-ph/0305191 i astro-ph/0305191.
    Goryachii gaz ne razletaetsya iz skoplenii iz-za moshnogo gravitacionnogo polya, kotoroe obespechivaetsya v osnovnom ne vidimoi, a temnoi materiei. No vovse ne obyazatel'no vezde vo Vselennoi "svetloe" sleduet kak ten' za "temnym". Ostraiker i dr. isleduyut raspredelenie vidimoi materii vo Vselennoi s pomosh'yu komp'yuternogo modelirovaniya. Poluchennye rezul'taty horosho soglasuyutsya s dannymi WMAP. Odnako, dlya pravil'nyh raschetov neobhodimo pravil'no zadat' nachal'nye dannye. V kosmologicheskih issledovaniyah tut zaryto nemalo sobak, poetomu voprosu o nachal'nyh usloviyah posvyasheno nemalo rabot, i na etoi nedele poyavilas' novaya - astro-ph/0305210.
    Krome voprosov o tom kak vyglyadit struktura Vselennoi seichasb kak ona obrazovalas', est' ne menee interesnyi - chto budet s nei v budushem? Eto tem bolee interesno, chto rasshirenie Vselennoi uskoryaetsya, t.e. temnaya energiya stanovitsya vse bolee i bolee vazhnoi. Ne razorvet li nas na melkie kusochki? Eti voprosy rassmatrivayutsya v stat'e Future Evolution of Structure in an Accelerating Universe.




    Referaty otdel'nyh statei

    dva obzora
    astro-ph/0305140 Fundamental'nye parametry massivnyh zvezd (Fundamental Parameters of Massive Stars)
    Authors: Paul A Crowther (UCL)
    Comments: 21 pages, 3 figures
    astro-ph/0305141 Massive Stars in Transition
    Authors: Paul A. Crowther (UCL)
    Comments: 22 pages, 2 figures

    Dva obzora Paulya Krovtera (Paul A Crowther). V pervom iz nih rassmatrivayutsya temperatury, massy, svetimosti, poverhnostnye himicheskie sostavy i poverhnostnye uskoreniya sily tyazhesti massivnyh OB-zvezd glavnoi posledovatel'nosti. Takzhe rassmatrivayutsya svoistva zvezdnyh vetrov podobnyh sistem.

    Vo vtoroi chasti obzora rassmotreny svoistva massivnyh zvezd na razlichnyh stadiyah posle glavnoi posledovatel'nosti. Osoboe vnimanie udelyaetsya zvezdam Vol'fa-Raie, Yarkim Golubym Peremennym zvezdam, a takzhe, svyaz' mezhdu sverhgigantami rannih i pozdnih tipov. Konechno zhe avtor udelil vnimanie i odnoi iz samyh populyarnyh segodnya tem - vozmozhnoi svyazi Sverhnovyh s kollapsiruyushimi yadrami s gamma-vspleskami.


    astro-ph/0305142 Vyzyvaemoe neprozrachnost'yu sverh-rasshirenie zvezd asimptoticheskoi vetvi gigantov (Opacity-induced over-expansion of asymptotic giant branch stars)
    Author: Noam Soker (Dept. of Physics, Oranim, Israel)
    Comments: 12 pages, 1 figure; will not be published in any journal

    U zvezd bogatyh kislorodom (s obiliem podobnym solnechnomu) neprozrachnost' rezko vozrastaet pri snizhenii temperatury nizhe 2900 K, iz-za etogo temperatura fotosfery zvezdy "skachkom" snizhaetsya do 2000 K. Chtoby sohranit' ustoichivost' pri stol' vysokoi neprozrachnosti plotnost' veshestva v fotosfere dolzhna sushestvenno snizit'sya, t.e. obolochka zvezdy dolzhna rasshirit'sya v neskol'ko tysyach raz. Avtor nazval takoi process sverh-rasshireniem. Opisannoe yavlenie mozhet proishodit' u zvezd asimptoticheskoi vetvi gigantov (AGB). Processy poteri massy rasseivayut takuyu obolochku i zvezda stanovitsya bolee kompaktnym post-AGB ob'ektom. Sledstviem sverh-rasshireniya mogut byt' obolochki vokrug zvezd i zahvat malomassivnogo vtorichnogo kompan'ona, esli sverh-rasshiryayushayasya zvezda vhodit v sostav dvoinoi sistemy.


    astro-ph/0305143 Vozmozhnye post-AGB zvezdy (Possible Post-AGB Stars)
    Authors: G. Wallerstein, G. Gonzalez, M.D. Shetrone

    Zvezdy posle asimptoticheskoi vetvi gigantov (post-AGB) - ochen' korotkaya stadiya zhizni zvezd. Po celomu ryadu prichin ochen' interesno naiti podobnye zvezdy v skopleniyah ili galaktikah, gde otsutstvuet zvezdoobrazovanie, - v sharovyh skopleniya, ellipticheskih ili karlikovyh sfericheskih galaktikah. Podobnaya popytka byla provedena dlya pyati potencial'nyh post-AGB zvezd: dvuh - v sharovom skoplenii NGC 1851 i treh - v dSph galaktike v Maloi Medvedice. Dlya nih byli izmereny radial'nye skorosti, k sozhaleniyu, vse pyat' zvezd okazalis' ne chlenami ukazannyh skoplenii. Poiski drugih kandidatov prodolzhayutsya.


    astro-ph/0305155 Dzhon Klifford Barton: nekrolog i bibliografiya (John Clifford Barton: Obituary and Bibliography)
    Authors: John McMillan
    Comments: 12 pages, Latex
    Journal-ref: The Independent, London, 29 Nov 2002

    Korotkaya trehstranichnaya zametka (ostal'noe - bibliografiya), posvyashennaya pamyati fizika-eksperimentatora Dzhona Klifforda Vabtona. On byl odnim iz pervyh issledovatelei, spustivshihsya pod zemlyu, chtoby issledovat' kosmicheskie luchi. V svyazi s etim est' mnogo veshei, kotorye on delal pervym ili odnim iz pervyh. Naprimer, avtor zametki pishet, chto Barton pervym primenil cifrovuyu zapis' v nauchnom eksperimente.

    Zametka takzhe interesna kak element mozaiki, pokazyvayushei razvitie nauki v 20 veke. Krome togo, stoit prochest' uzhe iz-za prekrasnogo angliiskogo.


    astro-ph/0305156 Pervichny li dvoinye ob'ekty poyasa Koipera ? (KBO binaries: are they really primordial ?)
    Authors: Jean-Marc Petit, Olivier Mousis
    Comments: Submitted to Icarus, Mai 9th, 2003

    Dvoinye ob'ekty poyasa Koipera obladayut shirokimi orbitami i bol'shimi otnosheniyami mass v parah. Sushestvuyut li eti pary s epohi formirovaniya Solnechnoi sistemy, ili oni obrazovalis' v rezul'tate zahvata ili udarnogo razrusheniya? Modelirovanie pokazyvaet, chto pri razlichnyh otnosheniyah mass i udalenii komponentov 25-35% par razrushayutsya v poyase Koipera za vremya zhizni Solnechnoi sistemy. K sozhaleniyu do sih por ne predlozheno ni odnogo real'nogo mehanizma formirovaniya takih dvoinyh ob'ektov v sovremennom poyase Koipera, poetomu prihoditsya privlekat' gipotezu ob ih pervichnoi prirode (t.e. schitat', chto na rannih etapah evolyucii Solnechnoi sistemy obrazovanie dvoinyh bylo bolee veroyatnym, no mehanizm formirovaniya par ne yasen i tam). Esli dvoinye v poyase Koipera imeyut preimushestvenno pervichnoe proishozhdenie, to poterya massy ob'ektami Koipera ne mozhet vyzyvat'sya stolknoveniyami, a dolzhna porozhdat'sya processami vybrosa veshestva.


    astro-ph/0305157 Opticheskoe otozhdestvlenie SAX J1808.4-3658 v spokoinom sostoyanii: ukazaniya na aktivnyi radiopul'sar? (The Optical Counterpart to SAX J1808.4-3658 in Quiescence: Evidence of an Active Radio Pulsar?)
    Authors: L.Burderi et al.
    Comments: 4 pages, A&A Letters, in press

    V 2001 g. Gomerom i dr. (Homer et al.) dvoinoi millisekundnyi rentgenovskii SAX J1808.4-3658 byl otozhdestvlen so zvezdoi velichinoi V=21.5. Nablyudeniya velis' v spokoinom sostoyanii istochnika (u kotorogo sluchayutsya dostatochno moshnye vspyshki). Ob'ekt pokazal sinusoidal'nuyu modulyaciyu s 6% amplitudoi i periodom ravnym orbital'nomu periodu pul'sara. Obychnaya model' podobnoi sistemy vyglyadit tak: osnovnoi vklad v postoyannuyu opticheskuyu svetimost' daet izluchenie akkrecionnogo diska vokrug kompaktnogo ob'ekta, a peremennost' vyzvana "effektom otrazheniya" - tem, chto storona normal'noi zvezdy, povernutaya k pul'saru, bolee goryachaya iz-za oblucheniya (irradiacii) zhestkim izlucheniem. Odnako dlya dannoi sistemy eto ob'yasnenie ne podhodit, tak kak takaya amplituda effekta otrazheniya trebuet v 10-50 raz bol'shego potoka zhestkogo izlucheniya, chem nablyudaetsya ot dannoi sistemy v ee spokoinom sostoyanii. Poetomu avtorami byla predlozhena drugaya model', soglasno kotoroi neitronnaya zvezda v dannoi sisteme perehodit v sostoyanie ezhekcii (ispuskaet potoki relyativistskih chastic za schet tormozheniya osevogo vrasheniya) v spokoinom sostoyanii. Progrev vtorichnogo kompan'ona osushestvlyaetsya imenno etim potokom chastic i parametry dannoi modeli udaetsya polnost'yu soglasovat' s nablyudeniyami. Nizkaya amplituda opticheskoi peremennosti yavlyaetsya pervym ukazaniem na prisutstvie v dannoi sisteme aktivnogo radiopul'sara.


    astro-ph/0305158 Poisk anizotropii v raspredelenii kosmicheskih luchei sverhvysokih energii (Full-Sky Search for Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray Anisotropies)
    Authors: Luis A. Anchordoqui et al.
    Comments: 5 pages, To be published in the Proceedings of the 28th International Cosmic Ray Conference, http://www.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/icrc2003/

    Proishozhdenie kosmicheskih luchei sverhvysokih energii ostaetsya zagadkoi. Situaciya nemnogo pohozha na tu, chto byla s kosmicheskimi gamma-vspleskami do sputnika BeppoSAX. I tochno takzhe raznye avtory pytayutsya issledovat' problemu raspredeleniya nablyudaemyh sobytii na nebe.


    Na nizhnem risunke pokazano raspredelenie na nebe 99 sobytii: 49 ot ustanovki SUGAR, rabotavshei v Avstralii s yanvarya 1968 g. po fevral' 1979, i 50 ot yaponskoi ustanovki AGASA, rabotayushei s aprelya 1990 g. po nastoyashee vremya (ispol'zovany dannye do maya 2000 g.). Nikakoi aniztropii glazom ne vidno. Detal'nyi analiz (sm. verhnii risunok) podtverzhdaet takoi vyvod. Na verhnem risunke pokazano raspredelenie intensivnosti kosmicheskih luchei s energiyami vyshe 1019.6 eV v ekvatorial'nyh koordinatah. Vse horosho soglasuetsya so sluchainym raspredeleniem.

    Etoi zhe tematike posvyashena korotkaya zametka K.Hoivata i dr. (astro-ph/0305206) "Chislennyi analiz dostovernosti anizotropii kosmicheskih luchei".


    obzor astro-ph/0305179 Inflyaciya i kosmicheskii mikrovolnovoi fon (Inflation and the Cosmic Microwave Background)
    Authors: Charles H. Lineweaver (School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia)
    Comments: 34 pages, 13 figures. A version with full resolution images is available at http://bat.phys.unsw.edu.au/~charley/download/canberra/canberra.tar.gz

    Zamechatel'nyi obzor osnov inflyacionnoi kosmologii dlya studenta-starshekursnika. (To chto obzor stol' udachnyi - ne udivitel'no - on posluzhil osnovoi [ili naoborot?] dlya serii lekcii na odnoi iz letnih shkol.) Esli vy hotite ponyat', chem inflyacionnaya kosmologiya otlichaetsya ot "obychnoi", kakie svoistva nashei Vselennoi estestvenno vytekayut iz sushestvovaniya inflyacionnoi stadii v ee evolyucii i, nakonec, kak vse eti svoistva proyavlyayutsya v neodnorodnostyah reliktovogo izlucheniya, to etot obzor dlya vas. (Formul mnogo - vse taki segodnya kosmologiya eto razdel fiziki - no vse oni k mestu.)


    Illyustraciya k vozniknoveniyu dopplerovskih pikov v spektre moshnosti uglovyh fluktuacii reliktovogo izlucheniya

    I zakonchu tem, s chego etot obzor nachinaetsya, s epigrafa: "Istoriya kosmologii pokazyvaet, chto kazhdoe pokolenie issledovatelei uvereno, chto im nakonec udalos' otkryt' istinnuyu prirodu Vselennoi".


    astro-ph/0305181 Tochnoe vychislenie precessii perigeliya Merkuriya v OTO, kosmologicheskaya postoyannaya i obratnaya zadacha Yakobi (Exact calculation of the Perihelion Precession of Mercury in General Relativity, the Cosmological Constant and Jacobi's Inversion problem)
    Authors: G.V.Kraniotis, S.B.Whitehouse
    Comments: LaTeX file, 20 pages

    Orbita Merkuriya medlenno povorachivaetsya - precessiruet - na

    Osnovnoi vklad v etu velichinu dayut relyativistskie popravki k polyu tyagoteniya Solnca. Raschet etih popravok i samoi precessii mozhno naiti v lyubom ser'eznom uchebnike po Obshei Teorii Otnositel'nosti, no vsegda oni provodilis' v predpolozhenii, chto tyagoteyushie tela dvizhutsya v pustom prostranstve. Odnako uzhe neskol'ko let ustanovlennym faktom yavlyaetsya, uskorennoe rasshirenie nashei Vselennoi, vyzvannoe lyambda-chlenom. Lyambda-chlen mozhno rassmatrivat' kak opredelennyi sort materii, kotoraya (1) obladaet otricatel'nym davleniem (uravnenie sostoyaniya P=-E), (2) ravnomerno zapolnyaet Vselennuyu. Kak izmenitsya orbital'noe dvizhenie s uchetom etogo faktora? (Segodnya v nashei Vselennoi velichina lyambda-chlena dostatochno mala: =10-56 sm-2, no takoe polozhenie v principe mozhet izmenit'sya, sm., naprimer, scenarii "Bol'shogo razryva".)

    V dannoi rabote vy naidete tochnye vyvody uravnenii orbital'nogo dvizheniya (pri nalichie lyambda-chlena orbity tel okazyvayutsya uzhe ne ellipticheskimi, a bolee slozhnymi, opisyvaemymi tak nazyvaemymi "giperellipticheskimi" funkciyami), v tom chisle i skorostei precessii, v sluchayah kosmologicheskih modelei bez i s lyambda-chlenom. Vyvod ochen' podrobnyi, dannuyu stat'yu mozhno ispol'zovat' kak spravochnik.


    astro-ph/0305191 Obzor XMM-LSS I. Nauchnye predposylki, struktura i pervye rezul'taty (The XMM-LSS survey I. Scientific motivations, design and first results)
    Authors: M. Pierre et al.
    astro-ph/0305192 Obzor XMM-LSS II. Pervye skopleniya galaktik na bol'shih krasnyh smesheniyah: prorelaksirovavshie i kollapsiruyushie sistemy (The XMM-LSS Survey II. First high redshift galaxy clusters: relaxed and collapsing systems)
    Authors: I. Valtchanov et al.
    Comments: Submitted to A&A

    XMM-LSS - eto obzor krupnomasshtabnoi struktury (LSS), provedennyi na sputnike XMM-N'yuton. Kak izvestno, krupnomasshtabnaya struktura horosho propisyvaetsya skopleniyami galaktik, a oni, v svoyu ochered', yavlyayutsya istochnikami rentgenovskogo izlucheniya (svetit v osnovnom goryachii gaz).

    Tradicionno takim bol'shim proektam posvyasheno neskol'ko statei, v kotoryh posledovatel'no rassmatrivayutsya nauchnye celi i struktura proekta, osnovnye sobstvennye rezul'taty, korrelyacii s drugimi podobnymi proektami (naprimer, v drugih spektral'nyh diapazonah) i t.d.

    Cel'yu bylo uluchshit' s kolichestvennoi storony dannye, poluchennye ranee sputnikom ROSAT. Obzor pokryvaet 64 kvadratnyh gradusa, chto daet okolo 800 skoplenii do krasnogo smesheniya primerno 1. Pervaya stat'ya soderzhit kak raz osnovnye dannye o proekte i pervyh rezul'tatah.

    Razumeetsya, v hode obzora otkryvayutsya novye skopleniya, kotorye zatem issleduyutsya bolee detal'no. Etomu posvyashena vtoraya stat'ya.

    V stat'yah privoditsya mnogo cvetnyh illyustracii. Posmotret' ih mozhno zdes' i zdes'.


    astro-ph/0305195 Pervyi pristal'nyi vzglyad na diski vokrug buryh karlikov (The First Detailed Look at a Brown Dwarf Disk)
    Authors: I.Pascucci, D.Apai, Th.Henning, C.P.Dullemond
    Comments: 11 pages, 1 figure

    Za poslednie neskol'ko let byli otkryty desyatki buryh karlikov (na russkii nazvanie etih ob'ektov chashe perevodyat kak korichnevye karliki, no vozmozhny oba varianta), kak v oblastyah zvezdoobrazovaniya, tak i sredi zvezd polya. Eti ob'ekty ochen' holodnye, izluchayut preimushestvenno v infrakrasnom diapazone, poetomu obnaruzhit' pyl' ryadom s nimi (a takie popytki predprinimalis' neodnokratno) ochen' tyazhelo. Avtoram dannoi stat'i vpervye udalos' eto sdelat' dlya dvuh korichnevyh karlikov. Dlya chego ob'ekty prishlos' nablyudat' v millimetrovom i submillimetrovom diapazonah. Odnako na etom oni ne ostanovilis', a popytalis' otvetit' na voprosy: Ne obrazuet li veshestvo vokrug etih karlikov disk? Pohozh li eti diski na te, chto sushestvuyut s zvezdah tipa T Tauri, ili oni sovsem drugie? Sfericheskaya pylevaya obolochka sozdaet bol'shee pogloshenie, poetomu nablyudeniya na neskol'kih dlinah voln pozvolyayut utverzhdat' chto v issledovannyh sistemah pyl' obrazuet diskoobraznuyu obolochku. Bolee tochnyi vybor modeli provesti ne udalos' - nablyudaemye detali v spektre odinakovo horosho opisyvaetsya i ploskim pylevym diskom, prostirayushimsya pochti do poverhnosti korichnevogo karlika, i diskom so "vzdutym" vnutrennim kraem, daleko otstoyashim ot poverhnosti karlika.


    astro-ph/0305199 Obrazovanie sharovyh skoplenii v ierarhicheskoi kosmologii (Formation of globular clusters in hierarchical cosmology)
    Authors: Andrey V. Kravtsov, Oleg Y. Gnedin
    Comments:submitted to ApJ, 17 pages, 13 figures, LaTeX (uses emulateapj5.sty), version with high-resolution figures is available at http://astro.uchicago.edu/~andrey/papers/gc1/

    Andrei Kravcov i Oleg Gnedin yavlyayutsya priznannymi specialistami v oblasti chislennogo modelirovaniya (obrazovanie krupnomasshtabnoi struktury, formirovanie galaktik, zvezdnaya dinamika i t.d.). Eta rabota posvyashena modelirovaniyu obrazovaniya sharovyh skoplenii v ierarhicheskoi kosmologii. Chto eto takoe? V takih modelyah galaktiki formiruyutsya v rezul'tate gravitacionnoi neustoichivosti iz fluktuacii maloi amplitudy. Etot scenarii v poslednie gody stanovitsya ochen' populyarnym, t.k. on horosho stykuetsya s inflyacionnoi model'yu, no, glavnoe, est' sil'nye nablyudatel'nye argumenty v pol'zu ierarhicheskogo podhoda, v pervuyu ochered' eto dannye po anizotropii reliktovogo izlucheniya.

    Pervye skopleniya v modeli avtorov nachinayut poyavlyat'sya na z poryadka 12, a osnovnaya massa - na krasnyh smesheniyah 3-5. Skopleniya aktivnee formiruyutsya v massivnyh galaktikah, tak chto v itoge imeetsya sil'naya korrelyaciya mezhdu polnoi massoi skoplenii i massoi galaktiki.


    astro-ph/0305203 Funkciya raspredeleniya veroyatnosti dlya sveta vo Vselennoi: rezul'taty gidrodinamicheskogo modelirovaniya (The Probability Distribution Function of Light in the Universe: Results from Hydrodynamic Simulations)
    Authors: Jeremiah P. Ostriker et al.
    Comments:18 pages including 5 figures, submitted to ApJ

    Na masshtabah menee primerno 100 Mpk veshestvo raspredeleno vo Vselennoi neravnomerno: est' t.n. voidy (pustoty) i filamenty (volokna). Vidim my "vidimoe" veshestvo, a osnovnuyu dolyu (po masse) sostavlyaet temnaya materiya. Poetomu perehod ot nablyudaemogo raspredeleniya "sveta" (t.e. vidimyh galaktik, skoplenii i t.d.) k raspredeleniyu massy ne yavlyaetsya trivial'noi zadachei.

    Avtory provodyat gidrodinamicheskoe modelirovanie i akkuratnyi statisticheskii analiz poluchennyh dannyh. Osnovnym rezul'tatom yavlyaetsya uluchsheniya soglasiya s dannymi WMAP (sdelany popravki poryadka 20-30 procentov). Pokazano, chto v voidah (pustotah), zanimayushih primerno 85 procentov ob'ema vselennoi, nahoditsya poryadka 20 procentov massy.


    miniobzor astro-ph/0305204 Chislennoe modelirovanie rasprostraneniya sveta v gravitacionnom pole dvizhushihsya tel (Numerical Simulations of the Light Propagation in the Gravitational Field of Moving Bodies)
    Authors: Sergei A. Klioner, Michael Peip
    Comments: 22 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables

    Etot obzor sostoit iz teoreticheskoi chasti, soderzhit opisanie metodiki i rezul'taty vysokotochnogo integrirovaniya rasprostraneniya luchei sveta v post-N'yutonovskom priblizhenii i sravnenie chislennyh i analiticheskih rezul'tatov. Avtory pokazyvayut, chto dlya astrometricheskoi tochnosti primerno 0.2 mikroarksekundy, maksimal'no dostignutoi segodnya, dostatochno ispol'zovat' predlozhennyi v 1992 g. Klionerom (odin iz avtorov dannoi stat'i) i Kopeikinym podhod, v kotorom ispol'zuetsya horosho izvestnoe reshenie zadachi o rasprostranenii sveta v pole nepodvizhnogo tela. Dlya tel Solnechnoi sistemy etot zhe podhod obespechivaetya tochnost' do 0.002 mikroarksekundy.

    Nesmotrya na podrobnoe i akademichnoe izlozhenie, etot obzor, po-vidimomu, yavlyaetsya eshe odnim otvetom (otricatel'nym) na interpretaciyu eksperimenta Kopeikina i Fomallona. "Platon mne drug, no istina dorozhe".


    astro-ph/0305210 Evolyuciya fluktuacii barionnoi plotnosti v mnogokomponentnyh kosmologicheskih simulyaciyah (The Evolution of Baryon Density Fluctuations in Multi-Component Cosmological Simulations)
    Authors: Naoki Yoshida et al.
    Comments: submitted to MNRAS

    Metody raschetov nuzhno postoyanno uluchshat'. V stat'e avtory obsuzhdayut problemu postanovki pravil'nyh nachal'nyh uslovii pri modelirovanii v kosmologii. Delo v tom, chto struktura poyavlyaetsya iz uzhe sushestvovavshih fluktuacii plotnosti. Vazhno pravil'no ih zadat'. Avtory delayut neskol'ko "progonov" s raznymi parametrami, i dayut svoi rekomendacii po vyboru nachal'nyh uslovii i rabote s nimi.


    astro-ph/0305211 Budushaya evolyuciya struktury v uskoryayusheisya vselennoi (Future Evolution of Structure in an Accelerating Universe)
    Authors: Michael T. Busha et al.
    Comments: 12 pages, 6 figures. Submitted to ApJ

    Seichas Vselennaya rasshiryaetsya s uskoreniem. Chto s nei budet v budushem? Kakie struktury sohranyat'sya? Otvet zavisit ot uravneniya sostoyaniya temnoi energii. Mogut byt' dostatochno terroristicheski-ekzoticheskie scenarii napodobie "Bol'shogo razryva". M. Busha i dr. rassmatrivayut povedenie struktur (skoplenii i grupp galaktik i t.p.) v sluchae obychnoi kosmologicheskoi postoyannoi (v dopolnenii takzhe kratko rassmotrena kvintessenciya). Chto poluchaetsya? Naprimer, nasha Mestnaya gruppa "otorvetsya" ot skopleniya galaktik v Deve. No samo skoplenie i sama Mestnaya grupaa ne razletyatsya na melkie kusochki. Sohranyat'sya pary galaktik. Esli v mezhgalakticheskom prostranstve letaet para zvezd, to i ona sohranitsya, esli rasstoyanie mezhdu nimi men'she neskol'kih desyatkov parsek. V obshem, budet ne ochen' strashno! Zvezdnoe nebo, vidimoe glazom izmenitsya tol'ko za schet zvezdnoi evolyucii. Chto my poteryaem, tak eto snimki, podobnye "Glubokomu polyu Habbla". Tak chto lyubuites', poka ne pozdno. Cherez kakie-nibud' 200 milliardov let takogo uzhe ne uvidish'.


    astro-ph/0305214 Kosmicheskaya Termobiologiya: teplovye ogranicheniya na proishozhdenie i evolyuciyu zhizni vo Vselennoi (Cosmic Thermobiology: Thermal Constraints on the Origin and Evolution of Life in the Universe)
    Authors: Charles H. Lineweaver, David Schwartzman
    Comments: 14 pages, 4 figures

    Nebol'shaya i ochen' interesnaya rabota - avtory pytayutsya dat' ogranicheniya na temperaturu poverhnosti Zemli v poslednie chetyre milliarda let po biologicheskim dannym. Imi ispol'zovany dva sovershenno nezavisimyh podhoda. V pervom iz nih ispol'zuetsya filogeneticheskoe derevo prosteishih mikroorganizmov: "udalennost'" konkretnogo mikroorganizma ot kornya etogo dereva pozvolyaet ocenit' moment ego vozniknoveniya (vremya, neobhodimoe na takuyu evolyuciyu), a po termoustoichivosti - temperaturu na Zemle v sootvetstvuyushii moment. Vtoroi podhod osnovan na obilii izotopa 18O v slancah (chert). Rezul'taty oboih podhodov soglasuyutsya mezhdu soboi i s gipotezoi o primerno ravnomernom po vremeni ponizhenii temperatury poverhnosti Zemli ot ~90oC chetyre milliarda let nazad do segodnyashnih ~10oC.

    Nekotorye obshie vyvody avtorov ochen' interesny.


    astro-ph/0305216 Intraklasternye zvezdnye populyacii po rezul'tatam N-body kosmologicheskogo modelirovaniya -- I. Ogranicheniya na z=0 (Intracluster stellar population properties from N-body cosmological simulations -- I. Constraints at z=0)
    Authors: N.R. Napolitano et al.
    Comments: 39 pages, 10 figures, 8 tables, in press on ApJ

    V skopleniyah galaktik zvezdy prisutstvuyut ne tol'ko v galaktikah, no i mezhdu nimi. Po-vidimomu oni popali tuda v rezul'tate vzaimodeistviya galaktik, chto privodilo k vybrosyvaniyu zvezd. Eti "intraklasternye" zvezdy obnaruzheny, tochnee obnaruzheno diffuznoe izluchenie (svyazannoe so zvezdami) i planetarnye tumannosti. Odnako, poka obo vsem etom izvestno ochen' malo. Poetomu chislennoe modelirovanie ochen' aktual'no.

    Avtory rassmatrivayut, kak budut raspredeleny intraklasternye zvezdy v modelyah ierarhicheskogo formirovaniya (sm. vyshe). Rezul'taty raschetov sravnivayutsya s izvestnymi dannymi nablyudenii. Sovpadenie dostatochno horoshee. Eto, kstati, yavlyaetsya dopolnitel'nym (no poka ne ochen' sil'nym) argumentom v pol'zu modeli ierarhicheskogo skuchivaniya.


    astro-ph/0305224 Nelineinoe gravitacionnoe skuchivanie v kosmologiyah so skalyarnymi polyami (Non-linear gravitational clustering in scalar field cosmologies)
    Authors: S. Matarrese, M. Pietroni, C. Schimd
    Comments: 6 pages

    Soglasno sovremennoi kartine seichas v nashei vselennoi dominiruet temnaya energiya. Odnako, ee priroda neizvestna. Avtory rassmatrivayut razlichnye modeli t.n. "kvintessencii" v prilozhenii k formirovaniyu krupnomasshtabnoi struktury. Vazhnyi moment: temnaya energiya v principe mozhet "svyazyvat'sya" s veshestvom ne tol'ko gravitacionno. Po-krainei mere sushestvuyushie predely (osobenno dlya temnogo veshestva, priroda kotorogo tozhe neizvestna) ne ochen' strogie. Avtory kak raz rassmatrivayut takuyu ekzotiku, kak sushestvennoe "svyazyvanie" (t.e. vzaimodeistvie) temnoi energii i temnogo veshestva. T.o. massy chastic temnogo veshestva okazyvayutsya zavisimymi ot skalyarnogo polya (temnoi energii). Predlozhen termin VAMPS - Varying Mass Particles. Fluktuacii temnoi energii pri nekotoryh dopolnitel'nyh usloviyah mogut igrat' vazhnuyu rol' v formirovanii struktury.

    Skoree vsego, priroda ustroena proshe, no chitat' pro vsyu etu ekzotiku ochen' interesno.


    obzor astro-ph/0305229 Svoistva slabyh udalennyh galaktik, nablyudaemyh skvoz' "gravitacionnye teleskopy" (Properties of Faint Distant Galaxies as seen through Gravitational Telescopes)
    Authors: R. Pello et al.
    Comments: 26 pages, 8 figures

    Gravitacionnoe linzirovanie na skopleniyah galaktik usilivaet blesk slabyh ob'ektov, raspolozhennyh za nimi. Takim obrazom skoplenie igraet rol' "gravitacionnogo teleskopa". Teleskop etot plohen'kii, sil'no iskazhayushii izobrazheniya, no dazhe samye bogatye strany ne mogut pozvolit' sebe otkazat'sya ot ego ispol'zovaniya. Tem bolee, chto iskazhaya formu dalekih galaktik, gravitacionnaya linza ne vnosit iskazheniya v ih spektry (dlya polucheniya kotoryh kak raz i trebuyutsya samye krupnye teleskopy).


    Spektry treh otkrytyh v 90-e gody linzirovannyh galaktik
    (z=1.9, 2.5 i 2.7). Horosho vidny linii poglosheniya.

    V obzore podrobno rassmotreny rezul'taty poluchaemye po linzirovannym galaktikam v opticheskom i infrakrasnom diapazonah, a takzhe ih tochnost'.


    astro-ph/0305235 Gigantskii impul's ot pul'sara PSR B0540-69 v Bol'shom Magellanovom Oblake (Giant Pulses from PSR B0540-69 in the Large Magellanic Cloud)
    Authors: Simon Johnston, Roger W. Romani
    Comments: Accepted by ApJ Letters. 11 pages, 3 figures

    My uzhe pisali i o gigantskih impul'sah i o poiskah takovyh ot vnegalakticheskih ob'ektov. I vot - pervyi uspeh. Obnaruzhen gigantskii pul's ot pul'sara v Magellanovom oblake. Energiya impul'sa v 5000 raz bol'she srednei energii ipmul'sa ot etogo istochnika.


    miniobzor astro-ph/0305249 Strannaya kvarkovaya materiya v neitronnyh zvezdah - novye rezul'taty s Chandry i XMM (Strange Quark Matter in Neutron Stars? - New Results from Chandra and XMM)
    Authors: Markus H. Thoma, Joachim Truemper, Vadim Burwitz
    Comments: 7 pages, 4 figures, to be published in the SQM 2003 proceedings

    Desyat' let nazad kvarkovye zvezdy kazalis' redkostnoi ekzotikoi. Teper' vse izmenilos'. Est' dovol'no mnogo horoshih kandidatov, i dannye so sputnikov Chandra i N'yuton prodolzhayut podkidyvat' drova v plamya diskussii o real'nosti etih strannyh strannyh ob'ektov.

    Sobstvenno, stat'ya posvyashena tomu, chto v svete novyh dannyh stalo namnogo legche i estestvennee interpretirovat' nekotorye ob'ekty kak obychnye neitronnye zvezdy, nesoderzhashie sushestvennogo kolichestva kvarkovoi materii.


    dissertaciya astro-ph/0305250 Teoreticheskoe rassmotrenie skopleniya galaktik: fizicheskii svoistva temnoi materii i barionov (A Theoretical Perspective on Galaxy Clusters: Physical Properties of the Dark Matter and Baryons)
    Authors: Y. Ascasibar
    Comments: Ph.D. Thesis, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid. 210 pages, 46 figures

    "Dissertant provodit teoreticheskoe rassmotrenie skoplenii galaktik. Ispol'zuyutsya i chislennye, i analiticheskie metody. Rezul'taty sravnivayutsya s nablyudeniyami."
    Primerno tak mozhno bylo by nachat' oficial'nyi otzyv. Na samom dele avtor detal'no opisyvaet mnozhestvo interesnyh i/ili vazhnyh momentov (v chastnosti opisano neskol'ko otkrytyh kodov). Poetomu dissertaciya budet polezna tem, kto sam tol'ko nachinaet zanimat'sya podobnymi raschetami.


    astro-ph/0305254 Vid spektra moshnosti reliktovogo izlucheniya (The shape of the CMB power spectrum)
    Authors: C. J. Odman
    Comments: 7 pages, to appear in New Astronomy Reviews, Proceedings of the CMBNET Meeting, 20-21 February 2003, Oxford, UK

    Uglovoi spektr moshnosti reliktovogo izlucheniya daet massu informacii ob ochen' rannei Vselennoi (vplot' do inflyacii). Ochen' vazhno ponyat', kak otlichayutsya dannye raznyh eksperimentov. Dlya etogo mozhno ispol'zovat' takuyu proceduru: vzyat' i profitirovat' dannye vmeste i po otdel'nosti kakoi-to ponyatnoi model'yu, naprimer, naborom gaussian. Imenno eto i prodelyvayut Carolina Odman i ee soavtory dlya dannyh WMAP i eshe semi eksperimentov.

    Net somnenii, chto vse eksperimenty vidyat po-krainei mere tri pika. Otnositel'naya vysota vtorogo i tret'ego pika opredelyaetsya ne ochen' horosho. Yasno, chto mezhdu WMAP i Planck budet mnogo nazemnyh i balonnyh eksperimentov, a potomu issledovaniya, pozvolyayushie vyyavit' sistematiku v etih dannyh predstavlyayut bol'shoi interes.


    astro-ph/0305256 Teplovaya struktura i ohlazhdenie sverhtekuchih zamagnichennyh neitronnyh zvezd (Thermal structure and cooling of superfluid magnetic neutron stars)
    Authors: A.Y.Potekhin, D.G.Yakovlev, G.Chabrier, O.Y.Gnedin
    Comments: 15 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables; accepted for publication in ApJ

    Gruppa astrofizikov iz Fiziko-Tehnicheskogo instituta im. A.F.Ioffe (Sankt-Peterburg) pochti dvadcat' let sistematicheski i ochen' uspeshno zanimaetsya izucheniem neitronnyh zvezd - v pervuyu ochered' voprosami ih ostyvaniya. Dannaya rabota ne soderzhit nichego "osobenno novogo", prosto ispol'zovany ispravlennye znacheniya razlichnyh parametrov (neprozrachnostei, teploprovodnostei i t.d.) i sobrana voedino pochti vsya fizika, kotoraya rabotaet vnutri ili na poverhnosti ostyvayushih neitronnyh zvezd: izluchenie neitrino, teploprovodnost' neitronnogo veshestva, perehod protonov v yadre i/ili neitronov v kore v sverhtekuchee sostoyanie, uchet vliyaniya akkrecii na atmosferu i koru neitronnoi zvezdy, vliyanie sverhsil'nyh (vyshe kvantovogo predela) magnitnyh polei, uchet dipol'noi struktury magnitnogo polya, kak vnutri neitronnoi zvezdy, tak i na poverhnosti i mnogoe drugoe. V etoi rabote osoboe vnimanie udeleno malomassivnym zvezdam, v kotoryh ne vklyuchayutsya pryamye urka-processy i kotorye iz-za etogo dolgo ostayutsya goryachimi. Sil'noe vliyanie na ih ohlazhdenie okazyvayut namagnichivanie obolochki iz naakkrecirovannogo veshestva i neitronnaya sverhtekuchest' v kore zvezd. Novye rezul'taty vazhny dlya pravil'noi interpretacii nablyudenii naibolee goryachih (dlya svoego vozrasta) odinochnyh neitronnyh zvezd, takih kak RX J0822-43 ili PSR B1055-52.


    astro-ph/0305258 Nablyudeniya myagkih povtornyh gamma-vspleskov s BeppoSAX (Observation of Soft Gamma Repeaters with BeppoSAX)
    Authors: Marco Feroci (IASF/CNR, Rome)
    Comments: BeppoSAX Review at the Marsala Workshop on Pulsars, SGRs and AXPs (23-25 September 2002)

    Samoe izvestnoe otkrytie, kotoroe sdelal rentgenovskii sputnik BeppoSAX, eto, konechno, lokalizaciya obychnyh gamma-vspleskov (po rentgenovskim i opticheskim poslesvecheniyam). No on issledoval i mnogo drugih istochnikov, naprimer, myagkie povtornye gamma-vspleski (SGR, Soft Gamma Repeaters), kotorym posvyashen dannyi mikro-obzor. BeppoSAX 15 raz nablyudal tri iz chetyreh izvestnyh SGR, zatrativ na eto primerno 10 sutok. Chto on otkryl? Chto uvidel?

    • Pervoe i samoe vazhnoe - gigantskaya vspyshka 27 avgusta 1998 g. ot istochnika SGR 1900+14, podobnaya vspyshke 5 marta 1979 g., v kotoroi byl otkryt pervyi SGR (tot zhe 1900+14), no eshe bolee moshnaya.
    • Otkrytie teplovogo komponenta izlucheniya ot SGR 1900+14.
    • Otozhdestvlenie gamma-istochnika SGR 1627-41 (poslednego iz otkrytyh SGR) v rentgenovskom diapazone. Etot process uslozhnyalsya tem, chto ryadom s istochnikom raspolozhen ostatok sverhnovoi.
    • + utochnenie periodov + detal'noe issledovanie vspyshek + ...


    obzor astro-ph/0305272 Polyarizaciya reliktovogo izlucheniya (The Polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background)
    Authors: Matias Zaldarriaga
    Comments: 21 pages, Review written for the Carnegie Observatories Centenial Symposium II


    astro-ph/0305273 Pul'sar Vela v blizkom IK (The Vela Pulsar in the Near-Infrared)
    Authors: Y.A.Shibanov, A.B.Koptsevich, J.Sollerman, P.Lundqvist
    Comments: 12 pages, 8 figures

    Vela (Parusa) - samyi izvestnyi pul'sar posle Kraba. V blizkom IK ego udalos' pronablyudat' vpervye (v fil'trah H i Js). Nablyudeniya velis' na odnom iz 8.2-m teleskopov VLT v Chili.

    V vydutoi pul'sarnym vetrom tumannosti udalos' obnaruzhit' dva slabyh ob'ekta na rasstoyanii okolo 1.5" na yugo-zapad i severo-vostok ot pul'sara, t.e. po i protiv napravleniya ego dvizheniya. Pohozhe, chto eto dzhety pul'sara (tochnee dzhet i kontrdzhet), ranee obnaruzhennye v rentgene. Oba ob'ekta ochen' krasnye i v optichesom diapazone ne vidny.

    Eshe odnim otkrytiem stal tot fakt, chto spektr v blizkom IK lozhitsya na prodolzhenie zhestkogo "hvosta" izlucheniya pul'sara i sovershenno ne pohozh na chernotel'nuyu sostavlyayushuyu, prevaliruyushuyu v optike i myagkom rentgene.


    astro-ph/0305283 Uskorenie vrasheniya v samoi korotkoperiodicheskoi dvoinoi RX J0806+15 (Spin up in RX J0806+15 - the shortest period binary)
    Authors: Pasi Hakala et al.
    Comments: 5 pages, 4 figures

    Ob'ekt RX J0806+15 s periodom 5.4 min (321.5 s) byl otkryt v 1994 godu so sputnika ROSAT i, esli nablyudaemyi v nem period pravil'no interpretirovan kak orbital'nyi, to eto samaya korotkoperiodicheskaya dvoinaya iz vseh izvestnyh. Etot fakt hotelos' by podtverdit', tak kak stol' kompaktnye dvoinye (a eta sistema mozhet sostoyat' tol'ko iz dvuh kompaktnyh ob'ektov, veroyatnee vsego, belyh karlikov) yavlyayutsya ochen' sil'nymi istochnikami gravitacionnyh voln. Dlya etogo byli provedeny tri seansa opticheskih nablyudenii dannoi sistemy v 2001, 2002 i 2003 godah. Sravnenie periodov sistemy, izmerennyh v etih nablyudeniyah s periodami poluchennymi ROSAT (1994-95 gg.), pokazalo, chto nablyudaemyi period ukorachivaetsya. K sozhaleniyu, po dannym ROSAT dlya dannoi sistemy poluchayutsya dva blizkih znacheniya periodov, chto privodit k dvum razlichnym znacheniyam ih proizvodnyh: f'=6.11x10-16 i 3.14 x10-16 Gc/s (privedeny znacheniya proizvodnyh dlya orbital'noi chastoty). Oba znacheniya soglasuyutsya s tempom sblizheniya, kotoryi mozhet imet' mesto v sisteme dvuh belyh karlikov, evolyucioniruyushih pod deistviem gravitacionnyh voln. Umen'shenie perioda - argument v pol'zu togo, chto RX J0806+15 - dvoinaya sistema s periodom 321.5 s.


    gr-qc/0305051 Izmeneniya v programme gravitacionno-volnovyh issledovanii (Update on gravitational-wave research)
    Author: L. P. Grishchuk
    Comments: 18 pages including 8 figures. Invited contribution to be published in the first volume of "Astrophysics Update" (Praxis-Springer, 2003), see the website http://www.springer.de

    Postroennye i nalazhivaemye seichas nazemnye lazernye detektory gravitacionnyh voln priblizhayutsya k zaplanirovannomu urovnyu chuvstvitel'nosti. Teper' za blizhaishie 1-2 goda (nepreryvnoi) raboty oni smogut zafiksirovat' redkoe, no moshnoe sobytie - sblizhenie i sliyanie dvuh chernyh dyr zvezdnoi massy v odnoi iz blizkih galaktik.

    Bolee veroyatno, chto pridetsya podozhdat' neskol'ko let do zapuska sleduyushego pokoleniya detektorov, chuvstvitel'nost' kotoryh pozvolit registrirovat' astrofizicheskie istochniki gravitacionnyh voln pri samyh ostorozhnyh predpolozheniya ob moshnosti i chastote takih sobytii. A eshe v etih dopolneniyah vy naidete informaciyu o reliktovyh gravitacionnyh volnah (v svete dannyh WMAP) i ob ih svyazi s inflyaciei.




    My budem starat'sya hotya by perechislit' interesnye (dlya shirokoi publiki) stat'i, poyavivshiesya v razdele physics (vklyuchaya cross-listing).

    cond-mat/0305150 Kopirovanie ssylok porozhdaet znamenitye stat'i? (Copied citations create renowned papers?)
    Authors: M.V. Simkin, V.P. Roychowdhury

    Avtory stat'i podmetili, chto bol'shinstvo statei v spiskah literatury prosto kopiruyutsya iz drugih statei. Eto privodit k tomu, chto vysokii uroven' citirovaniya mozhet byt' dostignut prostoi statistikoi, chto i demonstriruetsya na primerah. V itoge vse napominaet rassuzhdeniya Fermi pro velikih polkovodcev.


    physics/0305048 Vychislitel'nye vselennye (Computational universes)
    Authors: Karl Svozil
    Comments: 27 pages

    "My name is Neo"

    Ochen' interesnaya stat'ya. Pereskazat' ee dostatochno tyazhelo. Rech' idet (na ser'eznom urovne) o, v nekotorom rode, suti Vselennoi. Ne yavlyaetsya li ona v kakom-to dovol'no obshem smysle vychislitel'nym ustroistvom? Otsyuda citaty iz Pifagora, Vol'frama, Matricy i t.d.

    "Pochemu matematika stol' effektivna?"-sprashival Vigner. Odin iz otvetov mozhet sostoyat' v tom, chto matematika - eto sut' nashego mira. T.e. ne prosto "kniga prirody napisana na yazyke matematiki", a "o theos arithmetizei".


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