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Samaya bol'shaya lenta astronomicheskih novostei:
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na osnove otbora naibolee interesnyh original'nyh statei
iz glavnogo istochnika svezhei informacii
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Novosti nedeli

  • Gde gusto, a gde pusto: himicheskie elementy v galaktikah


  • 29.07.2003. Istoriya akkrecii

    Soderzhanie i bystryi perehod k razdelam obzora


    Stat'i nedeli
    "Luchshie iz luchshih"

  • cs.NA/0307033
    Velikolepie v komp'yuternom modelirovanii

  • astro-ph/0307387
    Obrazovanie topologicheskih defektov v rannei Vselennoi

  • astro-ph/0307410
    Molekulyarnyi gaz v materinskoi galaktike kvazara na krasnom smeshenii z=6.42

  • hep-ph/0307284
    Proverki zakona obratnyh kvadratov v gravitacii


    Otdel'nye stat'i

  • Fizicheskie ukazaniya na sushestvovanie temnoi energii

  • Belye karliki okolo chernyh dyr: novyi scenarii dlya sverhnovyh pervogo tipa

  • Molodoi belyi karlik kak kompan'on pul'sara 1620-26: ukazaniya na rannee obrazovanie planet

  • KH15D: zvezda, zatmevaemaya bol'shim pylevym vihrem?

  • Otskok pul'sara iz-za krupnomasshtabnoi anizotropii vzryva sverhnovoi

  • Sverhmassivnye zvezdy v diskah kvazarov

  • Izobrazheniya i spektry galaktiki Lebed' A s adaptivnoi optikoi

  • Glubokii obzor Feniks: rentgenovskie svoistva slabyh radioistochnikov

  • Sovmestnoe obrazovanie sverhmassivnyh chernyh dyr i galaktik

  • Ot sharovyh skoplenii k slivayushimsya karlikovym galaktikam: obrazovanie struktur v prilivnyh hvostah slivayushihsya galaktik

  • Kak mnogo aktivnyh yader i kvazarov uvidyat budushie kosmicheskie missii?

  • Obrazovanie topologicheskih defektov v rannei Vselennoi

  • Milligercovyi lazernyi interferometr smozhet opredelit' polozheniya slivayushihsya neitronnyh zvezd s minutnoi tochnost'yu za nedelyu do ih sliyaniya i obrazovaniya chernoi dyry

  • Mrachnaya epoha Vselennoi

  • Modelirovanie spiral'nyh struktur v relyativistskih struyah

  • Otkrytie vos'mi novyh galaktik s ekstremal'no nizkoi metallichnost'yu po dannym Sloanovskogo obzora

  • Poisk temnoi materii

  • Molekulyarnyi gaz v materinskoi galaktike kvazara na krasnom smeshenii z=6.42

  • Proverki zakona obratnyh kvadratov v gravitacii

  • Obrazovanie pervyh zvezd

  • Sverhmassivnye chernye dyry na bol'shih krasnyh smesheniyah: rentgenovskie nablyudeniya

  • Poisk novyh holodnyh sosedei

  • Konec ery MACHO: ogranicheniya na temnuyu materiyu po shirokim dvoinym Sistemam galo Galaktiki

  • Shirokie dvoinye diska i galo iz Peresmotrennogo Lyutenovskogo Kataloga: zondy zvezdoobrazovaniya i MACHO

  • Fotometriya i spektroskopiya gamma-vspleska GRN 030329 i ego svyaz' so sverhnovoi: pervye dva mesyaca

  • Uvidit li LIGO RIGO?

  • Astrometriya na Habblovskom kosmicheskom teleskope: parallaks Central'noi zvezdy planetarnoi tumannosti NGC 6853

  • Rezul'taty H.E.S.S. dlya 28-i Mezhdunarodnoi konferencii po kosmicheskim lucham

  • Soglasuyutsya li nablyudeniya dvoinogo pul'sara PSR J1141-6545 s belym karlikom s obshei teoriei otnositel'nosti

  • Kosmologiya rannei Vselennoi i fundamental'naya fizika

  • Novaya prostaya model' dlya vysokochastotnyh kvaziperiodicheskih oscillyacii v kandidatah v chernye dyry

  • Obnaruzhimost' poslesvechenii ot gamma-vspleskov na bol'shih krasnyh smesheniyah

  • Chernaya dyra v centre Galaktiki kak potencial'naya retro-linza dlya obrashayusheisya vokrug nee zvezdy S2

  • Proverka OTO po taimingu pul'sarov

  • Vazhnost' biologicheski aktivnogo ul'trafioletovogo izlucheniya Polyarnyh siyanii: stohasticheskoe obluchenie Zemli i Marsa kosmicheskimi vzryvami

  • Drevnie korni sovremennogo kosmologicheskogo antropnogo principa


    Iz razdela physics

  • Velikolepie v komp'yuternom modelirovanii

  • K voprosu ob astronomicheskoi orientacii piramid chetvertoi dinastii

  • Zhizn' i nasledie Pomeranchuka


    Polnyi Arhiv predydushih vypuskov.

    Arhiv statei, voshedshih v vypuski s 01 iyulya 2002 g. po 31 marta 2003 g.

    Razdely arhiva (s aprelya 2003 g.):
    kosmologiya,
    neitrino,
    kosmicheskie luchi i gamma-astronomiya,
    galaktiki, AYaG, kvazary,
    nasha Galaktika,
    mezhzvezdnaya sreda,
    zvezdy,
    sverhnovye,
    ostatki sverhnovyh,
    chernye dyry,
    neitronnye zvezdy,
    linzirovanie,
    Solnce,
    ekzoplanety,
    Solnechnaya sistema,
    akkreciya,
    tesnye dvoinye sistemy,
    gamma-vspleski,
    gravitacionnye volny,
    mehanizmy izlucheniya,
    chislennoe modelirovanie,
    dinamika, mehanika
    metody obrabotki dannyh,
    MGD,
    metody nablyudenii,
    budushie nablyudatel'nye proekty,
    prochee.


    Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki.
    Korotkoe esse ob elektronnyh preprintah.
    Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph s 2001 g.


    Avtory proekta
    Sergei Popov
    Mihail Prohorov



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  • Obzory preprintov astro-ph

    Vypusk N51
    astro-ph za 21 - 31 iyulya 2003 goda: izbrannye stat'i


    Referaty otdel'nyh statei


    astro-ph/0307335 Fizicheskie ukazaniya na sushestvovanie temnoi energii (Physical Evidence for Dark Energy)
    Authors: R. Scranton et al.
    Comments: Submitted to Phys. Rev. Letters (6 pages)

    V nastoyashee vremya razlichnye nezavisimye dannye nablyudenii ukazyvayut na to, chto nasha Vselennaya "ploskaya". S ispol'zovaniem dannogo rezul'tata, obrabatyvaya i kombiniruya dannye sloanovskogo cifrovogo obzora neba (SDSS) i sputnika WMAP, avtory poluchayut novye argumenty v pol'zu sushestvovaniya temnoi energii.

    astro-ph/0307337 Belye karliki okolo chernyh dyr: novyi scenarii dlya sverhnovyh pervogo tipa (White Dwarfs Near Black Holes: A New Paradigm for Type I Supernovae)
    Authors: J. R. Wilson, G. J. Mathews
    Comments: 12 pages, Submitted to The Astrophysical Journal

    Esli "podzhat'" kislorodno-uglerodnyi belyi karlik, to plotnost' i temperatura v ego nedrah mogut okazat'sya dostatochnymi dlya nachala piknoyadernyh reakcii. Eto mozhet privesti k vzryvu sverhnovoi pervogo tipa. Takaya situaciya mozhet realizovyvat'sya pri prolete belogo karlika vblizi chernoi dyry. V svoih vychisleniyah avtory rassmatrivayut neskol'ko situacii: belyi karlik v dvoinoi sisteme, prolet mimo massivnoi chernoi dyry v sharovom skoplenii, prohozhdenie vblizi sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyry v galakticheskom yadre. Po ocenkam avtorov temp takih vspyshek okazyvaetsya nemalen'kim, a potomu aktual'no obsuzhdenie nablyudatel'nyh proyavlenii takih vzryvov, a takzhe strategii ih poiska.

    astro-ph/0307339 Molodoi belyi karlik kak kompan'on pul'sara 1620-26: ukazaniya na rannee obrazovanie planet (A Young White Dwarf Companion to Pulsar 1620-26: Evidence for Early Planet Formation)
    Authors: Steinn Sigurdsson et al.
    Comments: 4 pages, published in Science (301, 193-196, 11 July 2003)

    U pul'sara 1620-26 est' dva sputnika: zvezdnyi i planetnyi. S pomosh'yu Kosmicheskogo teleskopa udalos' ustanovit', chto zvezdnyi sputnik - eto malomassivnyi (0.3-0.4 massy Solnca) molodoi (pol milliarda let) belyi karlik. Naibolee veroyatnyi scenarii obrazovaniya takoi sistemy - dinamicheskoe vzaimodeistvie v yadre skopleniya. No togda poluchaetsya, chto planety yavlyayutsya rasprostranennoi sostavlyayushei sharovyh skoplenii s maloi metallichnost'yu. Imenno eto i yavlyaetsya osnovnym vyvodom raboty i osnovaniem dlya vtoroi chasti zagolovka stat'i.


    astro-ph/0307341 KH15D: zvezda, zatmevaemaya bol'shim pylevym vihrem? (KH15D: a star eclipsed by a large scale dusty vortex?)
    Authors: P. Barge, M. Viton
    Comments: Accepted in ApJ Letters - 4 pages - 2 figures

    Avtory vyskazyvayut predpolozhenie, chto zatmeniya zvezdy KH15D svyazany s vihrem pylevyh chastic, kotoryi vrashaetsya na rasstoyanii poryadka 0.2 astronomicheskih edinicy ot zvezdy. Razumeetsya, eto vazhno, t.k. takie zavihreniya v okolozvezdnyh diskah mogut imet' samoe neposredstvennoe otnoshenie k processu obrazovaniya planet.


    astro-ph/0307352 Otskok pul'sara iz-za krupnomasshtabnoi anizotropii vzryva sverhnovoi (Pulsar Recoil by Large-Scale Anisotropies in Supernova Explosions)
    Authors: L. Scheck et al.
    Comments: 4 ps figures, 2 colored, high-quality available upon request

    Izvestno, chto neitronnye zvezdy letyat v prostranstve so skorostyami inogda prevoshodyashimi 1000 km/s. Eto mnogo (skorost' zvezd-praroditelei poryadka 30 km/s i ne prevoshodit 100 km/s). Nablyudeniya isklyuchayut vozmozhnost' razgona zvezdy posle vspyshki sverhnovoi. Znachit, imenno pri vzryve kompaktnyi ob'ekt priobretaet svoyu bol'shuyu skorost'. Odin iz naibolee prostyh i deistvennyh mehanizmov - nesimmetrichnyi sbros veshestva - byl predlozhen I. S. Shklovskim bolee 30 let nazad. Est' i drugie idei, svyazannye s magnitnymi polyami, izlucheniem neitrino i t.d.

    V svoei rabote avtory predstavlyayut rezul'taty novyh dvumernyh raschetov vzryva sverhnovoi s uchetom razlichnyh gidrodinamicheskih neustoichivostei. Rezul'taty svodyatsya k sleduyushemu. Neustoichivosti sposobny porodit' dostatochnyi uroven' asimmetrii vzryva, chtoby stali vozmozhny skorosti otdachi (kick, recoil) bolee 500 km/s. T.o. mozhno ob'yasnit' vysokie skorosti radiopul'sarov bez privlecheniya dopolnitel'nyh iskusstvennyh predpolozhenii. Otmetim v zaklyuchenie, chto fizika vzryva sverhnovoi ochen' slozhna, a potomu zdes' eshe budut novye rezul'taty.


    astro-ph/0307361 Sverhmassivnye zvezdy diskah kvazarov (Supermassive Stars in Quasar Disks)
    Authors: Jeremy Goodman, Jonathan C. Tan
    Comments: 13 pages, 4 figures; submitted to ApJ

    Avtory razvivayut gipotezu ob obrazovanii sverhmassivnyh zvezd v akkrecionnyh diskah kvazarov. Pokazano, chto pri realistichnyh parametrah diski fragmentiruyut na sgustki s massoi poryadka neskol'kih soten mass Solnca. Obsuzhdayutsya razlichnye nablyudatel'nye proyavleniya, v tom chisle pokrasnenie i oslablenie izlucheniya kvazara, a takzhe ispuskanie gravitacionnyh voln.


    astro-ph/0307376 Izobrazheniya i spektry galaktiki Lebed' A s adaptivnoi optikoi. I. Ukazanie na nalichie padayushego karlikovogo kompan'ona (Adaptive Optics Imaging and Spectroscopy of Cygnus A: I. Evidence for a Minor Merger)
    Authors: G.Canalizo et al.
    Comments: 22 pages, 5 figures (2 color). To appear in November 10 issue of ApJ.

    Nablyudeniya central'noi chasti radiogalaktiki Cygnus A v blizhnem infrakrasnom diapazone (v fil'tre K) velis' na teleskope Keck II. Izobrazhenie s uglovym razresheniem 0.05" pokazyvaet nalichie nerazreshennogo yadra mezhdu dvumya konusami ionizacii/rasseyaniya. Na rasstoyanii 400 pk ot centra (0.4") obnaruzhen otnositel'no yarkii tochechnyi istochnik s K~19m. Etot ob'ekt takzhe byl naiden na arhivnyh snimkah Habblovskogo teleskopa. Skoree vsego eto karlikovyi sputnik Cygnus A, padayushii na nee pod deistviem prilivnyh sil.


    Odno iz izobrazhenii yadra Cygnys A,
    o kotorom idet rech' v stat'e. Razmer 1.3"x1.3".


    astro-ph/0307377 Glubokii obzor Feniks: rentgenovskie svoistva slabyh radioistochnikov (The Phoenix Deep Survey: X-ray properties of faint radio sources)
    Authors: A. Georgakakis et al.
    Comments: 12 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

    Sovremennaya astronomiya yavlyaetsya vsevolnovoi. T.e. istochniki odnovremenno mogut izuchat'sya v raznyh diapazonah: ot radio do gamma. Vazhnym metodom pri takom podhode yavlyaetsya nalozhenie neskol'kih t.n. glubokih snimkov. Naprimer, oblasti nablyudenii dlya glubokih snimkov Chandry vybiralis' ishodya iz uzhe imeyushihsya glubokih snimkov, poluchennyh na Kosmicheskom teleskope.

    V etoi rabote rech' idet ob issledovaniyah slabyh radioistochnikov, zaregistrirovannyh v obzore Feniks, v rentgenovskih luchah po dannym sputnika HMM-N'yuton. Krome togo, podklyuchalis' horoshie dannye po nablyudeniyam v UF, IK i optike. Osnovnoi ob'ekt issledovanii - galaktiki s aktivnym zvezdoobrazovaniem na krasnyh smesheniyah 0.2-0.5. Issledovaniya stol' dalekih ob'ektov uzhe pozvolyayut rassuzhdat' ob evolyucii galaktik so vremenem. Avtory vidyat yavnye sledy takih processov (v proshlom zvezdoobrazovanie shlo aktivnee).


    obzor astro-ph/0307378 Sovmestnoe obrazovanie sverhmassivnyh chernyh dyr i galaktik (Joint Formation of Supermassive Black Holes and Galaxies)
    Authors: Martin G. Haehnelt
    Comments: 16 pages, LaTeX, 8 postscript figures. Carnegie Observatories Astrophysics Series, Vol. 1: Coevolution of Black Holes and Galaxies, ed. L. C. Ho (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press), 2003, in press (invited review)

    Kak izvestno, massy chernyh dyr v centrah galaktik horosho korreliruyut so svoistvami baldzhei (sfericheskih sostavlyayushih). Naibolee ochevidnoe ob'yasnenie sostoit v tom, chto chernye dyry i baldzhi obrazovyvalis' odnovremenno. Avtor daet obzor takogo processa.

    Sushestvennym elementom processa formirovaniya galaktik yavlyayutsya sliyaniya. Eto poluchilo naimenovanie "ierarhicheskogo postroeniya galaktik". Ob etom mozhno takzhe prochest' bolee korotkii obzor togo zhe avtora: "Hierarchical build-up of galactic bulges and the merging rate of supermassive binary black holes".


    astro-ph/0307383 Ot sharovyh skoplenii k slivayushimsya karlikovym galaktikam: obrazovanie struktur v prilivnyh hvostah slivayushihsya galaktik (From Globular Clusters to Tidal Dwarfs: Structure Formation in the Tidal Tails of Merging Galaxies)
    Authors: K.Knierman et al.
    Comments: 34 p., 15 fig., 4 tabl. Accepted to Astronomical Journal.

    Prilivnoe vzaimodeistvie blizko proletayushih galaktik vybrasyvaet iz nih strui veshestva - "prilivnye hvosty". V etih struyah, gde gaz sil'no vozmushen, nachinayutsya zvezdoobrazovanie, prichem etot process zametno otlichaetsya ot zvezdoobrazovaniya v "spokoinyh" galaktikah: zvezdy obrazuyutsya v tonkih vytyanutyh vdol' "hvostov" strukturah. Izuchenie hoda zvezdoobrazovaniya v takih galaktikah pozvolyaet ponyat' ego zavisimost' ot ryada fizicheskih parametrov (v nevzaimodeistvuyushih galaktikah eto sdelat' sushestvenno trudnee).

    Esli eta tema vam ne ochen' interesna, no vy nikogda ne videli "Kataloga vzaimodeistvuyushih galaktik" Voroncova-Vel'yaminova, to posmotrite na fotografii v stat'e, oni togo zasluzhivayut.


    Prilivnye "hvosty" chetyreh klassicheskih galaktik posledovatel'nosti Tumre vo vsei krase. Nekotorye iz sfotografirovannyh galaktik imeyut sobstvennye imena: NGC 4038/39 - "Antenna", NGC 7252 - "Mirnyi Atom".

    Sm. takzhe rabotu "The extended tails of Palomar 5: A ten degree arc of globular cluster tidal debris", posvyashennuyu nablyudeniyam dlinneishego prilivnogo hvosta u sharovogo skopleniya Palomar 5, i "The luminosity function of Palomar 5 and its tidal tails", gde rech' idet o zvezdah v prilivnom hvoste.


    astro-ph/0307386 Kak mnogo aktivnyh yader i kvazarov uvidyat budushie kosmicheskie missii? (How many active galaxies and QSOs will future Space Missions detect?)
    Authors: Paola Andreani et al.
    Comments: 23 pages, accepted in ApJ

    Rech' zdes' idet ne obo vseh kosmicheskih proektah, a tol'ko o dlinnovolnovyh: dal'nii IK-diapazon i millimetrovye volny. Eto sputniki SIRTF i Herschel. Avtory pytayutsya dat' predskazaniya otnositel'no polnogo chisla aktivnyh yader galaktik, kotorye mogut byt' otkryty s pomosh'yu etih missii. Ozhidaetsya mnozhestvo ob'ektov: na pole s razmerom poryadka odnogo kvadratnogo gradusa sputniki uvidyat okolo 10 000 aktivnyh yader i galaktik s burnym zvezdoobrazovaniem.

    Ochevidno, chto IK- i millimetrovyi diapazony podhodyat dlya nablyudeniya vnegalakticheskih aktivnyh ob'ektov. A vot obychnyi vidimyi diapazon - ne ochen'. Velika dolya aktivnyh yader galaktik, kotorye v optike vidny ploho, zato horosho proyavlyayutsya v rentgene. R. Maiolino i ego kollegi opredelili, chto bolee poloviny iz blizkih aktivnyh galaktik mogut byt' pravil'no klassificirovany tol'ko po rentgenovskim nablyudeniyam (t.e. v optike oni ne proyavlyayut osoboi aktivnosti). Poetomu dlya issledovanii etih ob'ektov neobhodimy vsevolnovye issledovaniya, chto oznachaet, chto neobhodimy i sootvetstvuyushie sputniki.


    obzor astro-ph/0307387 Obrazovanie topologicheskih defektov v rannei Vselennoi (Defect formation in the early Universe)
    Authors: A. Rajantie
    Comments: 26 pages, 10 figures

    Topologicheskie defekty - ochen' prostye ob'ekty. Esli v prirode sushestvuet pole, potencial kotorogo (zavisimost' energii ot amplitudy) imeet vid "butylochnogo donyshka" ili "meksikanskoi shlyapy", s lokal'nym maksimumom v centre, okruzhennym kol'cevym minimumom,


    Tipichnyi potencial polya, privodyashii
    k obrazovaniyu topologicheskih defektov.

    to mozhet proizoiti sleduyushee: poka temperatura Vselennoi (t.e. srednyaya energiya vseh chastic) velika po sravneniyu s central'nym maksimumom, srednee znachenie polya ravno nulyu (iz-za simmetrichnoi formy potenciala). Po mere ostyvaniya chasticy nachinayut chuvstvovat' maksimum i, v konce koncov, dolzhny okazat'sya v odnoi iz tochek kol'cevogo minimuma. V dostatochno udalennyh drug ot druga prichinno-nezavisimyh chastyah Vselennoi pole "padaet" v raznye tochki kol'ca, v rezul'tate chego estestvenno voznikayut situacii, podobnye pokazannye na risunke: vokrug topologicheskogo defekta napravlenie vektora polya probegaet vse vozmozhnye znacheniya, a v samom defekte pole "ne znaet kuda emu padat'".


    Obrazovanie topologicheskogo defekta - kosmicheskoi struny -
    pri fazovom perehode i struktura polya vokrug nego.

    Sushestvovanie podobnyh polei predskazyvaetsya mnogimi modelyami elementarnyh chastic. Podobnye defekty voznikayut ne tol'ko v rannei Vselennoi, no i pri razlichnyh fazovyh perehodah.


    astro-ph/0307390 Milligercovyi lazernyi interferometr smozhet opredelit' polozheniya slivayushihsya neitronnyh zvezd s minutnoi tochnost'yu za nedelyu do ih sliyaniya i obrazovaniya chernoi dyry (Deci hertz Laser Interferometer can determine the position of the Coalescing Binary Neutron Stars within an arc minute a week before the final merging event to Black Hole)
    Authors: Ryuichi Takahashi and Takashi Nakamura
    Comments: 8 pages, 4 figures, submitted to ApJL

    Redkii sluchai, kogda nazvanie (pravda dlinnoe) prakticheski polnost'yu ob'yasnyaet sut' stat'i. Ostaetsya dobavit', chto rech' idet o proektiruemom kosmicheskom lazernom detektore gravitacionnyh voln LISA, kotoryi, vozmozhno, zarabotaet v 2020 godu (ili dazhe ran'she). Eta antenna smozhet registrirovat' sliyaniya dvoinyh neitronnyh zvezd i chernyh dyr s rasstoyanii do 300 Mpk. Teoriya predskazyvaet, chto mozhno ozhidat' ot odnogo do neskol'kih podobnyh sobytii v god.

    Esli predupredit' astronomov za nedelyu, na ukazannuyu tochku neba budut navedeny vsevozmozhnye instrumenty.


    miniobzor astro-ph/0307396 Mrachnaya epoha Vselennoi (The Dark Age of the Universe)
    Authors: Jordi Miralda-Escude
    Comments: Review article, also available at http://www.astronomy.ohio-state.edu/~jordi/
    Journal-ref: Science, 300, 1904

    Mrachnaya epoha - eto vremya ot z=1000 (krasnoe smeshenie reliktovogo fona) do momenta poyavleniya pervyh zvezd (i, vozmozhno, kvazarov). T.k. v etu epohu ne bylo yarkih istochnikov, to my ochen' malo znaem o nei. Napominaem, chto stat'i dlya Science pishutsya na dostatochno populyarnom urovne, a potomu u vseh est' shans uznat' iz etoi raboty koe-chto novoe o vremeni, kogda zvezdy eshe ne zazhglis'.


    obzor astro-ph/0307400 Modelirovanie spiral'nyh struktur v relyativistskih struyah (Modeling Helical Structures in Relativistic Jets)
    Authors: P.E. Hardee
    Comments: 18 pages, 7 figures

    Bol'shoe kolichestvo astronomicheskih ob'ektov vybrasyvaet strui (ili, kak ih eshe nazyvayut, dzhety). Eto i obrazuyushiesya zvezdy, i kompaktnye ob'ekty v tesnyh dvoinyh sistemah, i sverhmassivnye chernye dyry v yadrah galaktik.... Esli skorost' dzheta velika, to ih nazyvayut relyativistskimi, t.k. nuzhno uchityvat' effekty special'noi teorii otnositel'nosti. Krome togo, vo mnogih dzhetah nablyudayut zakruchennye (spiral'nye) struktury. Ob'yasneniyu etogo fenomena, a takzhe popytkam vosproizvesti podobnye struktury v chislennyh eksperimentah, posvyashena dannaya rabota.


    astro-ph/0307401 Otkrytie vos'mi galaktik s ekstremal'no nizkoi metallichnost'yu po dannym Sloanovskogo cifrovogo obzora neba (Discovery of Eight New Extremely Metal--Poor Galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey)
    Authors: Alexei Y. Kniazev et al.
    Comments: To appear in August 20 issue of ApJ Letters, 6 pages, 2 figures

    Kak vsem yasno (i my neodnokratno ob etom pisali), lyuboi krupnyi obzor soderzhit massu interesnoi informacii, kotoraya yavlyaetsya v nekotorom smysle pobochnym produktom, t.k. ne svyazana napryamuyu s glavnoi zadachei proekta. Sloanovskii cifrovoi obzor neba (SDSS) ne yavlyaetsya isklyucheniem. Bolee togo, buduchi odnim iz samyh krupnyh proektov za vsyu istoriyu astronomii, on soderzhit kolossal'noe kolichestvo informacii o samyh raznyh ob'ektah. Nuzhno tol'ko ee izvlech'.

    Aleksei Knyazev i ego soavtory rasskazyvayut ob otkrytii vos'mi galaktik s ekstremal'no nizkim soderzhaniem metallov (napomnim, chto v astronomii k "metallam" prichislyayut vse elementy tyazhelee geliya, v tom chisle i kislorod). Po vsei vidimosti eti galaktiki nikogda ne ispytyvali moshnogo zvezdoobrazovaniya, i posle milliardov let "sna" tol'ko seichas "prosypayutsya". Issledovanie takih ob'ektov seichas ochen' aktual'no v svyazi s bol'shoi aktivnost'yu v izuchenii evolyucii galaktik voobshe i ih himicheskoi evolyucii v chastnosti.

    Dlya vydeleniya etoi vos'merki "ekologicheski chistyh" galaktik ponadobilos' obrabotat' 250000 individual'nyh spektrov. Poetomu rabota predstavlyaet interes i s tochki zreniya opisaniya unikal'noi metodiki vyyavleniya ob'ektov s nizkim soderzhaniem kisloroda.


    obzor astro-ph/0307403 Poisk temnoi materii (Dark Matter search)
    Authors: R. Bernabei et al.
    Comments: 77 pages, 32 figures
    Journal-ref: Riv. N. Cim. 26 n.1 (2003) 1-73

    Ishut, no tak i ne mogut naiti
    chasticu kakuyu-to MeV tridcati ...

    Bol'shoi detal'nyi obzor o laboratornyh poiskah temnoi materii, v pervuyu ochered' na ustanovke DAMA v podzemnoi laboratorii Gran Sasso (Italiya). Hotya v obshem-to malo kto somnevaetsya v sushestvovanii temnoi materii, no poka ee "ne potrogayut rukami", okonchatel'noi yasnosti ne budet.


    astro-ph/0307410 Molekulyarnyi gaz v materinskoi galaktike kvazara na krasnom smeshenii z=6.42 (Molecular Gas in the Host Galaxy of a Quasar at Redshift z=6.42)
    Authors: Fabian Walter et al.
    Comments: 12 pages, 2 figures. To appear in Nature, July, 2004

    Seichas izvestno uzhe dovol'no mnogo ob'ektov za krasnym smesheniem 6. No zdes' vazhno ne prosto otkryvat' vse bolee i bolee dalekie istochniki. Nuzhno izuchat' ih. Dlya ponimaniya evolyucii galaktik sushestvennymi okazyvayutsya nablyudeniya molekulyarnogo gaza, v pervuyu ochered' SO. V etoi stat'e opisyvayutsya dannye po rekordno dalekoi galaktike, vnutri kotoroi sushestvuet kvazar, i v kotoroi udalos' zaregistrirovat' izluchenie monooksida ugleroda. Po takim dannym udaetsya dostatochno tochno opredelit' massu gaza. Uchityvaya blizost' vremeni izlucheniya (Vselennoi togda bylo vsego okolo 7 procentov ot ee sovremennogo vozrasta) ko vremeni vtorichnoi ionizacii (po dannym WMAP eto krasnye smesheniya poryadka 20), dannoe otkrytie daet vozmozhnost' ponyat' novye detali o Vselennoi vremen okonchaniya "mrachnoi epohi".

    Sm. takzhe druguyu zametku etih avtorov: astro-ph/0307408.


    obzor hep-ph/0307284 Proverki zakona obratnyh kvadratov v gravitacii (Tests of the Gravitational Inverse-Square Law)
    Authors: E.G. Adelberger, B.R. Heckel, A.E. Nelson
    Comments: 81 pages, 10 figures, submitted by permission of the Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science. Final version of this material is scheduled to appear in the Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science Vol. 53, to be published in December 2003 by Annual Reviews, http://AnnualReviews.org

    Sovremennaya normal'naya nauka stremitsya k maksimal'no vozmozhnym nezavisimym eksperimental'nym proverkam dazhe samyh, kazalos' by, ochevidnyh faktov. Naprimer, k proverkam zakona obratnyh kvadratov v gravitacii (vsem izvestnyi zakon vsemirnogo tyagoteniya, sformulirovannyi N'yutonom bolee trehsot let nazad). Proveryat' nuzhno na raznyh masshtabah, potomu chto sovsem ne ochevidno, chto iz primenimosti zakona dlya sputnikov, vrashayushihsya vokrug Zemli, sleduet spravedlivost' zakona na masshtabah poryadka razmera vidimoi chasti Vselennoi ili poryadka razmera atoma. Seichas proverki dostupny na masshtabah ot millimetrov (laboratornye ustanovki) do millionov parsek (shirokie pary galaktik).

    Delo v tom, chto mnogie sovremennye teorii s dopolnitel'nymi razmernostyami predskazyvayut otkloneniya ot zakona obratnyh kvadratov (sovsem nedavno my pisali ob etom v nashih obzorah). Krome togo, est' izvestnaya t.n. "modificirovannaya gravitaciya" (MOND), kotoraya stanovitsya dovol'no populyarnoi nesmotrya na otsutstvie eksperimental'nyh podtverzhdenii (sm. astro-ph/0306228, astro-ph/0307354, astro-ph/0307358 i ssylki v nih).

    V svoem ob'emnom obzore avtory dayut dostatochno polnuyu kartinu eksperimental'nyh issledovanii v etoi oblasti. Krome togo, obsuzhdayutsya i predskazaniya teorii, a takzhe puti issledovaniya na vydelennyh masshtabah.


    astro-ph/0307414 Obrazovanie pervyh zvezd I. Temp vtoka massy, struktura akkrecionnogo diska i protozvezdnaya evolyuciya (The Formation of the First Stars I. Mass Infall Rates, Accretion Disk Structure and Protostellar Evolution)
    Authors: Jonathan C. Tan, Christopher F. McKee
    Comments: 19 pages, submitted to ApJ

    "Tol'ko kriki uzhasnye eti
    Byli pervoyu pesnei na svete ...."

    Bol'shaya rabota, kotoraya yavlyaetsya lish' pervoi chast'yu issledovaniya, posvyashennogo samym-samym pervym zvezdam. Dlya podgotovlennogo chitatelya pervaya chast' raboty mozhet yavlyat'sya prekrasnym obzorom po dannoi tematike.

    Sm. takzhe stat'yu "Cosmic Reionisation by Stellar Sources: Population III Stars", gde takzhe na osnovanii chislennogo modelirovaniya avtory issleduyut obrazovanie pervyh zvezd i ih rol' v reionizacii Vselennoi.


    miniobzor astro-ph/0307426 Sverhmassivnye chernye dyry na bol'shih krasnyh smesheniyah: rentgenovskie nablyudeniya (High Redshift Supermassive Black Holes: X-ray observations)
    Authors: Andrea Comastri
    Comments: 10 pages, 5 figures. Invited talk to appear in "The Astrophysics of Gravitational Wave Sources" (Maryland, April 2003), AIP in press, J. Centrella (ed)

    Uzhe neskol'ko desyatiletii pered astrofizikoi vysokih energii stoit problema rentgenovskogo fonovogo izlucheniya. Po mere rosta chuvstvitel'nosti i razresheniya detektorov (a zatem i teleskopov), registriruyushih zhestkoe izluchenie, iz fona vydelyalis' i vychitalis' snachala tochechnye galakticheskie istochniki, zatem skopleniya galaktik i kvazary. Bol'shoi progress v etom voprose dostignut blagodarya nablyudeniyam s rentgenovskih observatorii Chandra i XMM, no do sih por chto-to eshe ostaetsya: s pomosh'yu sputnika Chandra okolo 90 procentov rentgenovskogo fona udalos' razreshit' na otdel'nye tochechnye istochniki. V osnovnom eto vnegalakticheskie ob'ekty. A tochnee - aktivnye yadra galaktik. Dannye sputnika HMM-N'yuton pozvolili poluchit' rentgenovskie spektry dlya ryada takih slabyh istochnikov.

    V stat'e daetsya obzor po dannym o slabyh rentgenovskih istochnikah - aktivnyh yadrah galaktik. Osobyi upor delaetsya na "istorii akkrecionnoi svetimosti Vselennoi" (sm. risunok).


    Raspredelenie aktivnyh yader galaktik po krasnomu smesheniyu. Verhnyaya gistogramma - vse istochniki iz obshei vyborki Chandry i HMM-N'yuton. Krasnaya zashtrihovannaya oblast' - opticheski otozhdestvlennye istochniki. Sploshnaya krivaya - rezul'taty modelirovaniya.


    obzor astro-ph/0307429 Poisk novyh holodnyh sosedei: 2MASS-vyborka sverhholodnyh karlikov (Meeting the Cool New Neighbors V: A 2MASS-Selected Sample of Ultracool Dwarfs)
    Authors: Kelle L. Cruz et al.
    Comments: Accepted to AJ and scheduled for November 2003 issue. 80 pages (25 pages of text, 16 figures, 39 pages for 21 tables)

    Horosho li my znaem zvezdnye okrestnosti Solnca? Yavlyaetsya li Proksima Centavra blizhaishei k nam zvezdoi? Eti voprosy voznikayut ne na pustom meste, iz massovyh obzorov neba vremya ot vremeni poyavlyayutsya neizvestnye ranee ochen' blizkie ob'ekty. Konechno, mozhno garantirovat', chto vse zvezdy s solnechnoi ili bolee vysokoi svetimost'yu, raspolozhennye blizhe 100 pk uzhe izvestny, no dlya samyh malomassivnyh (a, sledovatel'no, holodnyh i slabosvetyashihsya) zvezd-karlikov eto ne tak.

    Dannye rezul'taty polucheny gruppoi, izuchavshei infrakrasnyi katalog 2MASS (2-yu versiyu). Imi naideno 186 karlikov, otnosyashihsya k spektral'nym klassam M7 L6 (spektral'nyi klass "L" nedavno vvedennyi klass, prodolzhayushii posledovatel'nost' zvezd v storonu bolee holodnyh ob'ektov). 47 iz nih raspolozheny na rasstoyaniyah menee 20 pk ot Solnca. Krome togo bylo obnaruzheno 10 bolee goryachih blizkih karlikov klassov M4-M6.5 s d<20 pk.

    Polon li etot spisok holodnyh karlikov? "Vot v chem vopros." I etot vopros deistvitel'no vazhen dlya astronomii.


    astro-ph/0307437 Konec ery MACHO: ogranicheniya na temnuyu materiyu po shirokim dvoinym Sistemam galo Galaktiki (The End of the MACHO Era: Limits on Halo Dark Matter from Stellar Halo Wide Binaries)
    Authors: Jaiyul Yoo, Julio Chaname, Andrew Gould
    Comments: submitted to ApJ, 6 pages including 7 figures
    astro-ph/0307434 Shirokie dvoinye diska i galo iz Peresmotrennogo Lyutenovskogo Kataloga: zondy zvezdoobrazovaniya i MACHO (Disk and halo wide binaries from the Revised Luyten Catalog: probes of star formation and MACHO dark matter)
    Authors: Shirokie dvoinye diska i galo iz Peresmotrennogo Lyutenovskogo Kataloga: zondy zvezdoobrazovaniya i MACHO (Disk and halo wide binaries from the Revised Luyten Catalog: probes of star formation and MACHO dark matter)
    Comments: submitted to ApJ, 49 pages including 15 figures

    Dve stat'i odnoi gruppy avtorov na blizkie temy.

    MACHO (Massive Compact Halo Object) - massivnye kompaktnye ob'ekty galo Galaktiki. Proyavlyayut sebya v sobytiyah gravitacionnogo mikrolinzirovaniya, kogda proletayut mezhdu nami i dalekimi zvezdami ochen' blizko k luchu zreniya. Na chto eshe mogut vliyat' takie massivnye i mnogochislennye tela? Na shirokie dvoinye v galo Mlechnogo Puti: iz-za blizkih proletov MACHO samye shirokie pary budut razrushat'sya. Parametry granicy podobnogo razrusheniya shirokih dvoinyh zavisyat ot massy i chisla MACHO, kotorye ploho izvestny. Poskol'ku podobnyi zaval poka eshe ne nablyudaetsya v shirokih dvoinyh parah s uglovym rasstoyaniem mezhdu komponentami ot 5.5" do 900", to udaetsya dat' ogranicheniya na nekotorye parametry MACHO.

    Vtoraya stat'ya (astro-ph/0307434) - eto analogichnaya, no gorazdo bolee podrobnaya i fundamental'naya rabota teh zhe avtorov, sdelannaya na osnove vyborki 1147 kandidatov v shirokie dvoinye sistemy ih Novogo Lyutenovskoko (Luyten) Kataloga. Zdes' vy naidete samye podrobnye raz'yasnenii, esli eta tema Vas zainteresuet.


    astro-ph/0307435 Fotometriya i spektroskopiya gamma-vspleska GRN 030329 i ego svyaz' so sverhnovoi 2003dh: pervye dva mesyaca (Photometry and Spectroscopy of GRB 030329 and its Associated Supernova 2003dh: The First Two Months)
    Authors: T. Matheson et al.
    Comments: 42 pages, 13 figures, submitted to ApJ

    V rabote priveden ogromnyi massiv nablyudenii oreola gamma-vspleska 29 marta 2003 g. v opticheskom i infrakrasnom diapazonah (kak fotometriya, tak i spektry). Nablyudeniya velis' s 30 marta po 29 maya na razlichnyh teleskopah v raznyh chastyah sveta. Avtory yavlyayutsya storonnikami gipotezy o svyazi dannogo vspleska so sverhnovoi i utverzhdayut, chto na 7 den' posle vspyshki v spektre oreola nachinaet nablyudat'sya harakternyi spektr sverhnovoi, a primerno s 11-go dlya eto izluchenie dominiruet. Po svoim svoistvam dannaya sverhnovaya pohozha na pekulyarnuyu sverhnovuyu SN1998bw tipa Ic, associiruemuyu s gamma-vspleskom GRB 980425.


    Spektr oreola GRB 030329 na 26 den' i vpisannyi v nego spektr, sostoyashii na 61% iz izlucheniya sverhnovoi 1998bw i na 39% iz nepreryvnogo izlucheniya tipichnogo oreola gamma-vspleska.

    Bolee podrobnyi obzor rezul'tatov po dannomu gamma-vsplesku priveden v stat'e S.I.Blinnikova.

    astro-ph/0307444 Uvidit li LIGO RIGO (Will LIGO see RIGO's? - Radion-induced graviton oscillations in the two-brane world)
    Authors: Andrei O. Barvinsky et al.
    Comments: 5 pages. Talk given by A. Rathke at SUGRA 20 Conference, Northeastern University, Boston, March 17-20 2003

    Kak izvestno, v poslednee vremya vse bol'shuyu i bol'shuyu populyarnost' sredi teoretikov priobretaet koncepciya "mira na brane" (sm. naprimer, obzor Rubakova v UFN). Hochetsya naiti (ili predskazat', esli rech' idet o teoretikah) hot' kakoe-to nablyudatel'noe proyavlenie etoi "istinnoi struktury" mira. Avtory rassmatrivayut vozmozhnost' registracii takogo "sleda" s pomosh'yu gravitacionno-volnovyh detektorov.


    astro-ph/0307449 Astrometriya na Habblovskom kosmicheskom teleskope: parallaks Central'noi zvezdy planetarnoi tumannosti NGC 6853 (Astrometry with Hubble Space Telescope: A Parallax of the Central Star of the Planetary Nebula NGC 6853)
    Authors: G.F.Benedict et al.
    Comments: 25 pages, 4 figs. To appear in The Astronomical Journal, November 2003

    Habblovskii teleskop ne prednaznachen special'no dlya astrometricheskih nablyudenii, odnako inogda na nem udaetsya poluchit' ochen' horoshie rezul'taty i v etoi obrasti. V dannoi rabote opisany rezul'taty izmerenii trigonometricheskogo parallaksa zvezdy, raspolozhennoi v centre planetarnoi tumannosti NGC 6853 (tumannosti "Gantel'"). Parallaks raven p=(2.10+/-0.48) 10-3 ugl. sekundy (t.e. rasstoyanie do zvezdy okolo 480 pk). Mnogocvetnaya fotometriya pozvolyaet ustanovit' absolyutnuyu zvezdnuyu velichinu zvezdy MV=5.48+/-0.16 (c uchetom mezhzvezdnogo poglosheniya AV=0.30+/-0.06). Sravnenie absolyutnoi zvezdnoi velichiny s opredelennoi ranee effektivnoi temperaturoi etoi zvezdy daet ocenku ee razmera: R*=0.055+/-0.020Ro, t.e. pered nami molodoi i ochen' goryachii belyi karlik.


    Fotografiya tumannosti (skombinirovany tri fil'tra), na kotoroi otmecheny opornye zvezdy, ispol'zovannye pri astrometricheskih izmereniyah.


    astro-ph/0307452 Rezul'taty H.E.S.S. dlya 28-i Mezhdunarodnoi konferencii po kosmicheskim lucham (H.E.S.S. contributions to the 28th International Cosmic Ray Conference)
    Authors: H.E.S.S. collaboration
    Comments: 60 pages, 47 figures, a high resolution version will be obtainable at http://www.mpi-hd.mpg.de/hfm/HESS/HESS.html, Proceedings of the 28th ICRC, Tsukuba, Japan. Please select the pdf for a higher quality on the display

    Posledovav primeru drugih uchastnikov, kollaboraciya H.E.S.S. ob'edinila chetyrehstranichnye stat'i o svoei rabote dlya materialov 28-i mezhdunarodnoi konferencii po kosmicheskim lucham v odin blok, kotoryi i predlagaetsya vashemu vnimaniyu.


    astro-ph/0307468 Soglasuyutsya li nablyudeniya dvoinogo pul'sara PSR J1141-6545 s belym karlikom s obshei teoriei otnositel'nosti (Self-consistency of relativistic observables with general relativity in the white dwarf-neutron star binary pulsar PSR J1141-6545)
    Authors: M. Bailes et al.
    Comments: 10 pages, 2 figures, revised version to Ap J Letters

    Vysokotochnye i dlitel'nye nablyudeniya taiminga (momentov prihoda impul'sov) dvoinogo pul'sara PSR J1141-6545 pozvolili poluchit' ogranicheniya na massy komponentov dvoinoi sistemy. Ih znacheniya ravny, sootvetstvenno, 1.30+/-0.02Mo i 0.968+/-0.020Mo, t.e. sistema sostoit iz neitronnoi zvezdy (pul'sara) i dostatochno massivnogo belogo karlika. Massa neitronnoi zvezdy v etoi sisteme samaya nizkaya iz tochno izmerennyh (t.e. iz vhodyashih v sistemy dvoinyh radiopul'sarov). Veroyatno dannaya neitronnaya zvezda obrazovalas' iz zvezdy s nachal'noi massoi chut' vyshe poroga obrazovaniya neitronnyh zvezd (primerno 10Mo). Drugoi izmerennoi velichinoi yavlyaetsya proizvodnaya orbital'nogo perioda, kotoraya sostavlyaet dP/dt=(-4+/-1)x10-13 s/s. Eta velichina soglasuetsya s ozhidaemym ot etoi sistemy potokom gravitacionnyh voln. Teper' obshaya teoriya otnositel'nosti proverena i v sisteme belyi karlik + neitronnaya zvezdy - do sih por stol' tochnoi proverke podvergalis' tol'ko sistemy iz dvuh neitronnyh zvezd i Solnechnaya sistema.


    obzor astro-ph/0307477 Kosmologiya rannei Vselennoi i fundamental'naya fizika (Early Cosmology and Fundamental Physics)
    Authors: Hector De Vega
    Comments: 14 pages. Based on Lectures at the 9th. Chalonge School in Astrofundamental Physics, Palermo, September 2002, NATO ASI. To appear in the Proceedings, N. S'anchez and Yu. Parijskij editors, Kluwer

    Lekciya mozhet sluzhit' vvedeniem v problemy evolyucii Vselennoi na samyh rannih etapah ee sushestvovaniya i v fundamental'nye fizicheskie processy, deistvuyushie v eto period: fiziku elementarnyh chastic, teoriyu velikogo ob'edineniya i obshuyu teoriyu otnositel'nosti. Osobyi upor v dannom obzore sdelan na inflyaciyu i kvantovye inflatonnye polya. Rassmotreny takzhe voprosy interpretacii anizotropii reliktovogo izlucheniya i budushie perspektivy teorii, v pervuyu ochered' "v svete" temnoi materii i teorii strun.


    astro-ph/0307487 Novaya prostaya model' dlya vysokochastotnyh kvaziperiodicheskih oscillyacii v kandidatah v chernye dyry (A New Simple Model for High Frequency Quasi Periodic Oscillations in Black Hole Candidates)
    Authors: Luciano Rezzolla et al.
    Comments: 5 pages; MNRAS Letters, in press

    Kvaziperiodicheskie oscillyacii (QPO) rentgenovskih istochnikov otlichayutsya ot vysokostabil'nyh impul'sov rentgenovskih pul'sarov: ih chastota "plavaet" v intervale ot neskol'kih do 10-20%. Na bol'shih intervalah vremeni chastota QPO mozhet izmenit'sya v dvoe. QPO byvayut neskol'kih tipov, razlichayushihsya po chastote. Vysokochastotnye - s chastotami v neskol'ko soten gerc - proishodyat, po-vidimomu, v neposredstvennoi blizi ot relyativistskih ob'ektov (skoree vsego chernyh dyr, no, vozmozhno, i neitronnyh zvezd).

    V dannoi rabote predlozhena prostaya, no ranee ne rassmatrivavshayasya model': vysokochastotnye QPO vyzyvayutsya fundamental'nymi kolebaniyami (p-modami) tonkih akkrecionnyh torov, obrashayushihsya vblizi chernoi dyry na kotoruyu idet akkreciya. Pohozhe, chto eta model' ob'yasnyaet vsyu sovokupnost' nablyudaemyh dannyh.


    astro-ph/0307489 Obnaruzhimost' poslesvechenii ot gamma-vspleskov na bol'shih krasnyh smesheniyah (Detectability of Long GRB Afterglows from Very High Redshifts)
    Authors: L. J. Gou et al.
    Comments: ApJ, subm. 23 pages, 7 figures

    Soglasno dvum naibolee pravdopodobnym modelyam gamma-vspleskov ih proishozhdenie svyazano s massivnymi zvezdami (odinochnymi ili dvoinymi), a takie sistemy evolyucioniruyut ochen' bystro i prekrasno otslezhivayut temp rozhdeniya zvezd. Dlya togo, chtoby ocenit' parametry vspleska i okruzhayushei ego sredy, neobhodimo postroit' krivuyu bleska ego oreola (poslesvecheniya) na samom rannem etape ego sushestvovaniya: spustya chasy posle vspleska. Chasto eto sdelat' ne uspevayut. Esli zhe vsplesk proizoidet na bol'shom krasnom smeshenii (~10-20), to iz-za kosmologicheskogo zamedleniya vremeni krivaya bleska budet v neskol'ko raz rastyanuta i interesuyushie nas sobytiya proizoidut pozzhe, cherez 1-2 sutok. Iz-za krasnogo smesheniya oreol budet svetit' ne v optike, a v blizhnem infrakrasnom diapazone, eto ne sostavlyaet problem dlya nazemnyh teleskopov. Trudnee budet zaregistrirovat' takoe sobytie (kak sam vsplesk, tak i ego oreol) iz-za bol'shoi udalennosti i poglosheniya na luche zreniya.

    Ocenki, sdelannye avtorami dannoi raboty pokazyvayut, chto rabotayushaya segodnya rentgenovskaya observatoriya Chandra i planiruemyi k zapusku Swift smogut registrirovat' gamma-vspleski do krasnyh smeshenii z~13 i 30, sootvetstvenno. A naibolee krupnye nazemnye teleskopy budut sposobny zafiksirovat' svechenie oreola cherez sutki posle vspleska v infrakrasnyh polosah K i M vplot' do z~33! Takim obrazom predlozhennaya ideya vyglyadit vpolne real'noi.


    astro-ph/0307493 Chernaya dyra v centre Galaktiki kak potencial'naya retro-linza dlya obrashayusheisya vokrug nee zvezdy S2 (The galactic center black hole as a possible retro-lens for the S2 orbiting star)
    Authors: F. De Paolis, G. Ingrosso, A. Geralico and A.A. Nucita
    Comments: 4 pages, 2 Postscript figures, accepted for publications on Astronomy and Astrophysics

    Esli osvetit' chernuyu dyru ochen' yarkim istochnikom sveta, to otkuda by vy na nee ne smotreli, vy mozhete uvidet' ryadom s nei (na rasstoyanii nemnogo bol'she gravitacionnogo radiusa) neskol'ko svetyashihsya dug. Eto luchi sveta, otklonennye chernoi dyroi (kak moshnoi gravitacionnoi linzoi) na bol'shie ugly: samoi vneshnei i yarkoi budet duga iz "prosto" otklonennyh luchei, sleduyushaya - iz luchei sdelavshih odin oborot vokrug chernoi dyry, zatem - dva oborota i t.d.

    Podobnym istochnikom sveta dlya sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyry v centre Mlechnogo Puti (M~4x106 Mo) mozhet sluzhit' samaya blizkaya iz obrashayushihsya vokrug nee zvezd - zvezda s oboznacheniem S2. Eto massivnaya (M*~15 Mo) i, sledovatel'no, yarkaya zvezda dvizhetsya vokrug dyry na rasstoyanii ot 130 do 1900 astronomicheskih edinic (u nee ochen' vytyanutaya orbita).

    Mozhet byt' "kosmicheskomu teleskopu sleduyushego pokoleniya" (NGST) udastsya zaregistrirovat' opisannoe svechenie?


    obzor astro-ph/0307536 Proverka OTO po taimingu pul'sarov (Testing General Relativity with Pulsar Timing)
    Authors: Ingrid H. Stairs (UBC)
    Comments: 60 pages, accepted for publication in Living Reviews in Relativity (see http://relativity.livingreviews.org). Version with high-resolution figures at http://www.astro.ubc.ca/people/stairs/papers/sta03.ps.gz

    Pul'sary raznyh tipov - odinochnye, tesnye i shirokie dvoinye, v parah s belymi karlikami ili s neitronnymi zvezdami - mozhno ispol'zovat' dlya proverki predskazanii OTO (a takzhe al'ternativnyh teorii gravitacii). Bol'shuyu chast' dannoi raboty zanimaet rassmotrenie individual'nyh pul'sarov. Krome togo v nei obsuzhdaetsya sovremennoe sostoyanie i perspektivy eksperimentov po proverke principa ekvivalentnosti i eksperimenty v sil'nyh gravitacionnyh polyah.


    astro-ph/0307543 Vazhnost' biologicheski aktivnogo ul'trafioletovogo izlucheniya Polyarnyh siyanii: stohasticheskoe obluchenie Zemli i Marsa kosmicheskimi vzryvami (Importance of Biologically Active Aurora-like Ultraviolet Emission: Stochastic Irradiation of Earth and Mars by Flares and Explosions)
    Authors: David S. Smith, John Scalo, J. Craig Wheeler
    Comments: 21 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere

    Ochen' prostaya i krasivaya ideya: atmosfera Zemli i dazhe Marsa zaderzhivaet bOl'shuyu chast' zhestkogo izlucheniya ot razlichnyh kosmicheskih istochnikov (v pervuyu ochered' ot Solnca). Odnako zametnaya dolya energii etih chastic mozhet byt' pereizluchena vtorichnymi elektronami v rezul'tate processov Komptonovskogo rasseyaniya i rentgenovskogo fotopoglosheniya v biologicheski i himicheski aktivnoe ul'trafioletovoe izluchenie. Dolya pereizluchennoi energii mozhet dostigat' 1% dazhe s uchetom vozdeistviya ozonovogo sloya, t.e. solnechnye vspyshki okazyvali na pervichnye zemnye organizmy gorazdo bolee sil'noe mutacionnoe vozdeistvie, chem schitalos' ranee.


    Obshaya shema preobrazovaniya energichnyh chastic v verhnei atmosfere Zemli ili Marsa.


    astro-ph/0307564 Drevnie korni sovremennogo kosmologicheskogo antropnogo principa (Ancient Origins of a Modern Anthropic Cosmological Argument)
    Authors: Milan M. Cirkovic
    Comments: 11 pages, no figures; Astronomical and Astrophysical Transactions, Accepted

    "Chto bylo, to i budet ...
    i net nichego novogo pod solncem."

    Antropnyi princip (argument) v sovremennuyu kosmologiyu byl vveden P.Devisom (Paul C.W. Davies) i F.Taiplerom (Frank J. Tipler). Odnako etot argument, prakticheski v takoi zhe formulirovke, vstrechalsya gorazdo ran'she, naprimer u Lukreciya!

    Sm. takzhe stat'yu "Defining Civilization utilizing Anthropic Reasoning".



    My budem starat'sya hotya by perechislit' interesnye (dlya shirokoi publiki) stat'i, poyavivshiesya v razdele physics (vklyuchaya cross-listing).

    cs.NA/0307033 Velikolepie v komp'yuternom modelirovanii (Excellence in Computer Simulation)
    Authors: Leo P. Kadanoff
    Comments: 30 pages, 8 figures

    Avtor stat'i rabotaet v Department of Energy (chto-to tipa nashego MinSredMasha) uzhe davno. Yasno, chto imenno takie vedomstva imeyut vozmozhnost' provodit' ochen' slozhnye chislennye eksperimenty.

    Stat'ya ochen' i ochen' interesnaya. Vsem sovetuem prochest'. Opisano mnogo konkretnyh rabot (osobenno v oblasti izucheniya povedeniya haoticheskih sistem).

    Interesno, "a kak u nas?".....

    physics/0307100 K voprosu ob astronomicheskoi orientacii egipetskih piramid chetvertoi dinastii i datirovke vtoroi piramidy v Gize (On the astronomical orientation of the IV dynasty Egyptian pyramids and the dating of the second Giza pyramid)
    Authors: Giulio Magli
    Comments: 10 pages, 1 figure

    Egipetskie piramidy stroilis' ne aby kak. Ih dostatochno tochno orientirovali s pomosh'yu astronomicheskih metodov po storonam sveta. Ponyat' mnogie detali seichas uzhe ne tak legko. Svyazano eto v znachitel'noi mere s razrusheniem piramid. Odnako, esli vosstanovit' etu orientaciyu, to mozhno poluchit' tochnuyu datirovku sozdaniya gigantskih sooruzhenii. Obo vsem etom rasskazyvaetsya v korotkoi stat'e Magli.


    physics/0307123 Zhizn' i nasledie Pomeranchuka (The Life and Legacy of Pomeranchuk)
    Authors: L.B. Okun
    Comments: 21 pages, Introductory talk given at the conference "I. Ya. Pomeranchuk and physics at the turn of centuries". To be published by "World Scientific"

    Kak yasno iz nazvaniya, stat'ya posvyashena zhizni i tvorchestvu izvestnogo sovetskogo fizika I.Ya. Pomeranchuka. Rasskaz vedetsya ot samyh ot istokov i napisan ochen' interesno.


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