The R.A.P.Project "Prosto o slozhnom" "Astro-ph za pervuyu polovinu 2003 g." Nemnogo statistiki Predydushii vypusk (N59) Populyarno dlya professionalov Slovar' astroterminov Spisok missii i teleskopov Obzory UFN Stat'i SOZh ANKa Dnya 10.11.2003. "Esli by krasota ubivala ..." 25.10.2003. Prizraki-2 23.10.2003. Karta Vselennoi Soderzhanie i bystryi perehod k razdelam obzora Stat'i nedeli "Luchshie iz luchshih" astro-ph/0311050 Opredelenie krasnogo smesheniya dlya XRF 020903: pervoe spektroskopicheskoe nablyudenie rentgenovskogo vspleska astro-ph/0311087 Sluchainost' i SDSS: otkrytie samoi bol'shoi planetarnoi tumannosti astro-ph/0311107 Vnegalakticheskoe proishozhdenie gruppy Arktura astro-ph/0311119 Obnaruzhenie galaktiki v sozvezdii Bol'shogo Psa na fone galakticheskih rasseyannyh skoplenii astro-ph/0311315 3-mernaya spektroskopiya plotnyh polei Otdel'nye stat'i Astronomiya neitrino vysokih energii: ot AMANDA k IceCube Pervye zvezdy Pochemu u millisekundnyh pul'sarov pole slabee, chem u obychnyh? Opredelenie krasnogo smesheniya dlya XRF 020903: pervoe spektroskopicheskoe nablyudenie rentgenovskogo vspleska Opredelenie massy gravitona po nablyudeniyam tesnyh dvoinyh belyh karlikov po dannym LISA Soglasovannost' kosmicheskih potokov na masshtabah 100 Mpk/h Kontaktnye dvoinye tipa W UMa kak indikatory rasstoyaniya Sluchainost' i SDSS: otkrytie samoi bol'shoi planetarnoi tumannosti Vnegalakticheskoe proishozhdenie gruppy Arktura Zakryt' Lunu pal'cem: obnaruzhenie galaktiki v sozvezdii Bol'shogo Psa na fone galakticheskih rasseyannyh skoplenii Pyatnistaya struktura poverhnostnogo magnitnogo polya neitronnoi zvezdy Vselennaya za yuzhnoi chast'yu Mlechnogo Puti Pervye mikrolinzirovaniya v proekte WeCAPP Vnegalakticheskaya gravitacionno svyazannaya sverhtumannost' Katalog zvezd klassa O v nashei Galaktike Postroenie izobrazhenii effekta Syunyaeva-Zel'dovicha priborom ACBAR na teleskope Viper Raspredeleniya pikov effekta Syunyaeva-Zel'dovicha v nablyudatel'nyh obzorah Pervye istochniki sveta Tyazhelye neitronnye zvezdy? 3-mernaya spektroskopiya plotnyh polei Gamma-vspleski: progress, problemy, plany Iz razdela physics Fenomenologiya kvantovoi gravitacii Teoriya strun: teoriya v poiskah eksperimenta Polnyi Arhiv predydushih vypuskov. Arhiv statei, voshedshih v vypuski s 01 iyulya 2002 g. po 31 marta 2003 g. Razdely arhiva (s aprelya 2003 g.): kosmologiya, neitrino, kosmicheskie luchi i gamma-astronomiya, galaktiki, AYaG, kvazary, nasha Galaktika, mezhzvezdnaya sreda, zvezdy, sverhnovye, ostatki sverhnovyh, chernye dyry, neitronnye zvezdy, linzirovanie, Solnce, ekzoplanety, Solnechnaya sistema, akkreciya, tesnye dvoinye sistemy, gamma-vspleski, gravitacionnye volny, mehanizmy izlucheniya, chislennoe modelirovanie, dinamika, mehanika metody obrabotki dannyh, MGD, metody nablyudenii, budushie nablyudatel'nye proekty, prochee. Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki. Korotkoe esse ob elektronnyh preprintah. Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph s 2001 g. Obsudit' na forume Scientific.RU Obsudit' na forume Zvezdocheta Avtory proekta Sergei Popov Mihail Prohorov Postav'te u sebya nashu knopku! Proekt razmeshen na saitah: Vy mozhet takzhe razmestit' na svoem saite nashu lentu obzorov Novostnye lenty Novosti astronomii ot PRAO Tekushie otkrytiya v FECh Novosti kosmonavtiki Novosti ot UFN Informnauka Perst Podpiska na rassylku obzorov na Subscribe.Ru Druzhestvennaya rassylka "Okno vo Vselennuyu"

Obzory preprintov astro-ph Vypusk N60 astro-ph za 01 - 15 noyabrya 2003 goda: izbrannye stat'i Referaty otdel'nyh statei miniobzor astro-ph/0311004 Astronomiya neitrino vysokih energii: ot AMANDA k IceCube (High-Energy Neutrino Astronomy: from AMANDA to Icecube) Authors: F. Halzen Comments: 8 pages, 4 figures Korotkii obzor o sovremennyh ledyanyh cherenkovskih detektorah: o deistvuyushem segodnya detektore AMANDA i o gorazdo bolee krupnom (~1 km) planiruemom IceCube. (Konechno, oba raspolozheny v Antarktide.) Kakie eksperimenty na nih mozhno budet provesti i chto eti eksperimenty pozvolyat proverit' - vot osnovnaya tema zametki. Oba detektora registriruyut cherenkovskoe izluchenie relyativistskih elektronov, vybityh iz molekul vody neitrino vysokih energii. Skorost' dvizheniya takih elektronov prevyshaet skorost' sveta vo l'du. Vybityi iz atoma elektron dvizhetsya pochti v tom zhe napravlenii, chto i stolknuvsheesya s nim neitrino, t.o. my mozhem uznat' iz kakoi tochki na nebe ono prishlo. Chtoby umen'shit' fon ot zaryazhennyh chastic kosmicheskih luchei budut registrirovat'sya tol'ko elektrony, porozhdennye neitrino, kotorye predvaritel'no proshedshih skvoz' Zemlyu, t.e. dvizhushihsya snizu vverh. Takim obrazom detektory, raspolozhennye na yuzhnom polyuse, budut nablyudat' za istochnikami severnogo neba. Sleva - shema detektora IceCube, sprava - smodelirovannaya karta istochnikov neitrino vysokih energii, kotorye mogut byt' zaregistrirovany na ustanovke IceCube. obzor astro-ph/0311019 Pervye zvezdy (The First Stars) Authors: Volker Bromm, Richard B. Larson Comments: 38 pages, 10 figures Eto stat'ya goda: kazhdyi god v svet vyhodit nebol'shoi tom Annual Reviews of Astronomy and Astrophysics (Ezhegodnye Obzory). Kazhdyi takoi tom sostoit iz neskol'kih dostatochno ob'emnyh (40-60 str.) obzorov napisannyh samymi kvalificirovannymi astronomami po razlichnym voprosam astrofiziki. V etot tom ne popadayut samye novye rezul'taty, no kazhdyi obzor v Annual Reviews podvodit nekotoryi (mozhet byt' promezhutochnyi) itog problemam, volnovavshih astrofizikov v poslednie neskol'ko let. Tema dannogo obzora - pervye zvezd - i vse skazannoe vyshe otnositsya k nemu napryamuyu. Vot nekotorye rassmatrivaemye v nem voprosy: kak kollapsiruyut i drobyatsya oblaka bednogo metallami mezhzvezdnogo gaza? Kakie nachal'nye usloviya obrazovaniya dlya zvezd Populyacii III predskazyvayut sovremennye kosmologicheskie modeli? Kak raspredeleny pervye zvezdy po massam? Skol'ko sredi nih budet massivnyh (ochen' massivnyh) i, naoborot, malomassivnyh, kotorye mogli by dozhit' na nashei epohi? Mozhet li proishodit' zasorenie pervyh zvezd metallami iz okruzhayushei sredy na bolee pozdnih etapah? Kak mozhno proverit' predskazaniya teorii po nablyudeniyam ob'ektov na bol'shih krasnyh smesheniyah i v nashei okrestnosti? Versiyu obzora s fotografiyami vysokogo razresheniya mozhno posmotret' na saite avtorov. astro-ph/0311031 Pochemu u millisekundnyh pul'sarov pole slabee, chem u obychnyh? (Why do millisecond pulsars have weaker magnetic fields compared to ordinary pulsars?) Authors: Arnab Rai Choudhuri, Sushan Konar Comments: 11 pages, 3 figures Magnitnye polya millisekundnyh pul'sarov, izmeryaemye po tempu zamedleniya ih vrasheniya, okazyvayutsya sushestvenno nizhe, chem u obychnyh radiopul'sarov. Naibolee rasprostranennoe ob'yasnenie - zatuhanie magnitnogo polya. No est' i drugaya model': napryazhennost' polya v kore neitronnoi zvezdy mozhet byt' toi zhe samoi, no snaruzhi ego pochti ne budet zametno, esli ono "zasypano" sloem akkrecirovavshego na neitronnuyu zvezdu veshestva. Pri vysokoi provodimosti veshestva dostatochno sovsem nebol'shogo ego kolichestva, chtoby na neskol'ko poryadkov oslabit' nablyudaemoe snaruzhi magnitnoe pole. Bolee vazhnym okazyvaetsya vopros o tom budet li ustoichiva situaciya, kogda nad magnitnym polem lezhit sloi veshestva. Ideya dostatochno staraya i izvestnaya, hotya i ne ochen' populyarnaya. V dannoi rabote provedeno modelirovanie opisannogo effekta ekranirovaniya dlya veshestva s konechnoi provodimost'yu. Struktura magnitnogo polya "zasypannogo" sloem provodyashego veshestva. astro-ph/0311050 Opredelenie krasnogo smesheniya dlya XRF 020903: pervoe spektroskopicheskoe nablyudenie rentgenovskogo vspleska (A Redshift Determination for XRF 020903: First Spectroscopic Observations of an X-Ray Flash) Authors: A. M. Soderberg et al. Comments: 16 pages, Submitted to ApJ My uzhe rasskazyvali o rentgenovskih vspleskah (X-Ray Flash). Vozmozhno, oni yavlyayutsya kak minimum rodstvennikami gamma-vspleskov. Vpervye udalos' pronablyudat' opticheskoe poslesvechenie (oreol) rentgenovskogo vspleska i opredelit' krasnoe smeshenie. Ono okazalos' ravnym 0.251. Esli sravnivat' s gamma-vspleskami, to eto poluchaetsya dostatochno blizkii ob'ekt. Vsplesk byl obnaruzhen na sputnike HETE-2. Zatem on nablyudalsya na 5-metrovom Palomarskom teleskope i drugih opticheskih instrumentah. Materinskaya galaktika nablyudalas' s pomosh'yu Kosmicheskogo teleskopa. Poslesvechenie bylo takzhe obnaruzheno v radiodiapazone. Ocenka energetiki vspleska govorit o tom, chto rentgenovskie i gamma vspleski mogut porozhdat'sya edinym mehanizmom. Dannye po materinskoi galaktike vspleska govoryat o sil'nom zvezdoobrazovanii v nei, chto takzhe rodnit dva fenomena. astro-ph/0311054 Opredelenie massy gravitona po nablyudeniyam tesnyh dvoinyh belyh karlikov s LISA (Graviton Mass from Close White Dwarf Binaries Detectable with LISA) Authors: Asantha Cooray, Naoki Seto (Caltech) Comments: 7 pages, 4 figures Ideya dostatochno prosta: esli gravitony imeyut massu, to mezhdu opticheskoi i gravitacionno-volnovoi krivymi bleska tesnyh dvoinyh sistem, sostoyashih iz belyh karlikov, budet nablyudat'sya opredelennyi fazovyi sdvig. Opticheskie nablyudeniya dolzhny budut provodit'sya na krupnyh nazemnyh teleskopah, a gravitacionnye volny predpolagaetsya registrirovat' na kosmicheskom lazernom interferometre LISA (predpolagaemyi srok ego zapuska - 2017 g.). Pri dlitel'nyh (1-5 let) nablyudeniyah podobnyh sistem sdvig fazy opticheskogo i gravitacionnogo signala mozhet byt' izmeren s vysokoi tochnost'yu (do 10-2-10-3 radian). Dlya dvoinoi sistemy v centre Galaktiki (na rasstoyanii primerno 8 kpk) eto pozvolit izmerit' massu gravitona, esli ona prevyshaet ~10-23 eV. astro-ph/0311072 Soglasovannost' kosmicheskih potokov na masshtabah 100 Mpk/h (The Consistency of Cosmic Flows on 100 Mpc/h Scales) Authors: Michael J. Hudson Comments: 6 pages, 1 figure Po ob'edinennym dannym poslednih obzorov pekulyarnyh skorostei galaktik (SMAC, SC, EFAR i dr.) vosstanovlena struktura krupnomasshtabnyh dvizhenii, na rasstoyaniyah do 100 Mpk (na etom rasstoyanii srednyaya skorost' dvizheniya galaktik sostavlyaet 350+/-80 km/s). Poluchennaya kartina pokazana vnizu. Poluchivshayasya struktura udovletvoryaet predskazaniyam sovremennoi CDM kosmologicheskoi modeli. astro-ph/0311085 Kontaktnye dvoinye tipa W UMa kak indikatory rasstoyaniya (Contact binary stars of the W UMa type as distance tracers) Authors: Slavek M. Rucinski Comments: 7 pages, 5 figures. Kontaktnye dvoinye zvezdy tipa W Bol'shoi Medvedicy sostoyat iz dvuh slabo proevolyucionirovavshih zvezd, kazhdaya iz kotoryh zapolnyaet svoyu polost' Rosha. V takih sistemah orbital'nyi period, razmery orbity, radiusy, svetimosti i temperatury zvezd perestayut byt' nezavisimymi parametrami. Togda izmeriv period sistemy, ee blesk i cvet (temperaturu) my mozhem opredelit' absolyutnuyu svetimost' dvoinoi sistemy, a sravniv etu velichinu s registriruemym na Zemle potokom - opredelit' rasstoyanie do zvezdy. Etot metod pohozh na opredelenie rasstoyaniya po pul'siruyushim peremennym zvezdam (Cefeidam i zvezdam tipa RR Liry), rol' pul'sacii v nashem sluchae igraet orbital'noe dvizhenie. Sistemy tipa W UMa dostatochno yarkie (MV<+3) i dostatochno mnogochislennye, chto pozvolit shiroko ispol'zovat' predlozhennyi metod dlya izmereniya rasstoyanii v nashei Galaktike. astro-ph/0311087 Sluchainost' i SDSS: otkrytie samoi bol'shoi planetarnoi tumannosti (Serendipity and the SDSS: Discovery of the Largest Known Planetary Nebula on the Sky) Authors: Paul C Hewett et al. Comments: 12 pages including 4 figures. ApJ Letters in press V dannyh Sloanovskogo cifrovogo obzora neba obnaruzhen ob'ekt, kotoryi vozmozhno yavlyaetsya samoi blizkoi i samoi bol'shoi (uglovoi razmer) planetarnoi tumannost'yu (sm. foto). Eto daleko ne samaya krasivaya planetarnaya tumannost'. Levyi snimok poluchen v linii vodoroda (Ash Al'fa)+linii odnokratno ionizovannogo azota. Pravyi - v linii dvuhkratno ionizovannogo kisloroda. Razmer foto primerno 0.8 gradusa. Izobrazheni polucheny na teleskope Isaaka N'yutona. Na pravom snimke kruzhkom otmecheno polozhenie belogo karlika. Issledovanie snimkov SDSS pokazalo nalichie oblasti ionizovannogo gaza razmerom bolee dvuh gradusov na dostatochno bol'shoi galakticheskoi shirote (+48 gradusov). Vblizi byl obnaruzhen goryachii belyi karlik PG 1034+001. Dopolnitel'nye issledovaniya byli provedeny na teleskope Isaaka N'yutona. Morfologiya oblasti i prisutstvie belogo karlika ukazyvayut na to, chto eto mozhet byt' planetarnaya tumannost'. Esli rasstoyanie do tumannosti poryadka 100-200 pk, to ee lineinyi razmer poryadka 3.5-7 pk. Vozrast tumannosti mozhno opredelit' lish' ochen' primerno v 100 000 let. Tumannost' poluchila naimenovanie Hewett 1. Rasstoyanie do belogo karlika opredeleno lish' po spektru i potoku. Ono okazyvaetsya ravnym primerno 155 pk. Neobhodimy pryamye parallakticheskie izmereniya. astro-ph/0311107 Vnegalakticheskoe proishozhdenie gruppy Arktura (The Extragalactic Origin of the Arcturus Group) Authors: Julio F. Navarro et al. Comments: submitted to ApJL Vozmozhno, chto Arktur i nekotorye drugie yarkie zvezdy obrazovalis' ne v nashei Galaktike. Zvuchit nemnogo stranno, no na samom dele nichego udivitel'nogo v takoi vozmozhnosti net, nasha Galaktika postoyanno pogloshaet drugih chlenov Mestnoi gruppy, a krome togo vozmozhna akkreciya gaza na Galaktiku. Pri etom v Galaktike poyavlyayutsya zvezdy-priemyshi. Takie gruppy zvezd vydelyayutsya prezhde vsego po svoim kinematicheskim harakteristikam (oni vrashayutsya po "strannym" orbitam, netipichnym dlya zvezd, obrazovavshimsya v nashei Galaktike). Krome togo, mogut byt' lyubopytnye otkloneniya v himicheskom sostave (kak pravilo v storonu men'shei metallichnosti). Gruppa Arktura davno byla zapodozrena v netipichnosti iz-za ee kinematicheskih svoistv i nizkoi metallichnosti. Avtory proveli novyi analiz, kotoryi ukrepil podozreniya v tom, chto eti zvezdy obrazovalis' ne v Mlechnom Puti. Odnako, kak otmechayut sami avtory, neobhodimy dal'neishie bolee detal'nye issledovaniya. Na risunke nizhe (ne imeyushem pryamogo otnosheniya k dannoi stat'e) pokazano pogloshenie Mlechnym Putem odnoi galaktiki. Risunok s saita http://astro.u-strasbg.fr/images_ri/canm-e.html. Mlechnyi put' razryvaet samuyu blizkuyu galaktiku. Vidno kol'co, obrazovannoe iz ee veshestva. astro-ph/0311119 Zakryt' Lunu pal'cem: obnaruzhenie galaktiki v sozvezdii Bol'shogo Psa na fone galakticheskih rasseyannyh skoplenii (The Moon behind the finger. Detection of the Canis Major galaxy in the background of galactic open clusters) Authors: M.Bellazzini et al. Comments: 14 pages, 20 figures, Submitted to MNRAS: October 2, 2003 V sozvezdii Bol'shogo Psa otkryt eshe odin blizkii sputnik nashei Galaktiki. Ego uglovye razmery na nebe sostavlyayut primerno 20ox20o. Eta galaktika ne byla otkryta do sih por potomu, chto ee perekryvayut tri rasseyannyh skopleniya: NGC 2477, Tombaugh 1 and Berkeley 33. Otdelit' zvezdy galaktiki ot zvezd skoplenii udalos' na diagramme Gercshprunga-Rassela (diagramme cvet-svetimost'). Posle etogo udalos' opredelit' i geometricheskie razmery karlikovoi galaktiki-sputnika. Sleva - razdelenie zvezd skoplenii i galaktiki na diagramme cvet-svetimost', sprava - kontury otkrytoi galaktiki i centry zakryvayushih ee rasseyannyh skoplenii. astro-ph/0311121 Pyatnistaya struktura poverhnostnogo magnitnogo polya neitronnoi zvezdy (Spot-like Structures of Neutron Star Surface Magnetic Fields) Authors: U.Geppert, M.Rheinhardt, J.Gil Comments: 4 pages, 2 figures Rentgenovskie i radio nablyudeniya odinochnyh neitronnyh zvezd ukazyvayut na to, chto na poverhnosti etih zvezd mogut sushestvovat' melkomasshtabnye magnitnye polya, na 1-2 poryadka bolee sil'nye, chem dipol'noe magnitnoe pole. Eti polya zametno vliyayut na strukturu akkrecionnyh potokov i oblastei generacii pul'sarnogo izlucheniya, po prakticheski ne skazyvayutsya na processah tormozheniya vrasheniya zvezdy. Avtory ukazyvayut, chto odnoi iz prichin obrazovaniya melkomasshtabnyh polei mozhet byt' effekt Holla. Na risunke privedeno model'noe raspredelenie poverhnostnyh magnitnyh polei. Eshe odna stat'ya na ochen' blizkuyu temu: (astro-ph/0311181) V.Urpin, J.Gil Konvekciya v protoneitronnyh zvezdah i struktura poverhnostnogo magnitnogo polya radiopul'sarov (Convection in protoneutron stars and the structure of surface magnetic fields in pulsars). astro-ph/0311129 Vselennaya za yuzhnoi chast'yu Mlechnogo Puti (The Universe behind the Southern Milky Way) Authors: R.C. Kraan-Korteweg et al. Comments: 8 pages, 6 encapulated ps-figures, uses newpasp.sty, to appear in IAU Symp. 216, Maps of the Cosmos, ASP, eds. M. Colless & L. Staveley-Smith V ploskosti Mlechnogo Puti ochen' trudno nablyudat' vnegalakticheskie istochniki iz-za bol'shogo poglosheniya v optike. Zato mozhno provodit' radionablyudeniya. Avtory predstavlyayut rezul'taty nablyudenii galaktik za yuzhnoi chast'yu Mlechnogo Puti na 64-metrovom radioteleskope. Obnaruzheno mnogo interesnogo, v chastnosti odna iz samyh massivnyh spiral'nyh galaktik - HIZOA J0836-43 (polnaya massa bolee 1012 mass Solnca). astro-ph/0311135 Pervye mikrolinzirovaniya v proekte WeCAPP (The Wendelstein Calar Alto Pixellensing Project (WeCAPP): First MACHO Candidates) Authors: Arno Riffeser et al. Comments: 4 pages, 2 figures Eshe odin proekt po poisku piksel'nyh sobytii mikrolinzirovaniya - proekt Kalar Alto im.Vendel'shteina (the Wendelstein Calar Alto Pixellensing Project (WeCAPP)) - nachal osushestvlyat'sya v 1999 godu. V etom proekte vedutsya nablyudeniya sobytii mikrolinzirovaniya zvezd Tumannosti Andromedy (M31). V etom proekte nablyudaetsya piksel'noe mikrolinzirovanie, t.e. zvezdy vne sobytii linzirovaniya ne vidny. V dannoi stat'e soobshaetsya ob otkrytii dvuh pervyh vozmozhnyh sobytii. Ih krivye bleska pokazany na grafike. astro-ph/0311165 Vnegalakticheskaya gravitacionno svyazannaya sverhtumannost' (An extragalactic supernebula confined by gravity) Authors: J. L. Turner et al. Comments: Nature, 423, 621-623 (2003) Avtory predstavlyayut rezul'taty IK nablyudenii molodogo formiruyushegosya sverhskopleniya v karlikovoi galaktike NGC 5253. Skoplenie sodrzhit okolo 5000 massivnyh O-zvezd (vsego zvezd tam okolo milliona). Vazhnym otkrytiem yavlyaetsya to, chto gaz v skoplenii yavlyaetsya gravitacionno svyazannym, t.e. moshnyi veter molodyh zvezd eshe ne "vydul" ego. Sm. takzhe stat'yu Watching the Birth of Super Star Clusters, yavlyayushuyusya bolee populyarnym izlozheniem original'noi stat'i. katalog astro-ph/0311196 Katalog zvezd klassa O v nashei Galaktike (A Galactic O-Star Catalog) Authors: J. Maiz-Apellaniz et al. Comments: 76 pages, 13 tables, 3 figures. Zvezdy spektral'nogo klassa O - samye massivnye, goryachie i yarkie zvezdy glavnoi posledovatel'nosti. V katalog vhodyat 378 O-zvezd s akkuratnoi spektral'noi klassifikaciei. Eta vyborka polna do vos'moi zvezdnoi velichiny v fil'tre V i soderzhit mnogo bolee slabyh ob'ektov. On-line versiya kataloga dostupna po adresu: http://www.stsci.edu/~jmaiz/GOSmain.html. astro-ph/0311261 Postroenie izobrazhenii effekta Syunyaeva-Zel'dovicha priborom ACBAR na teleskope Viper (Imaging the Sunyaev Zel'dovich Effect using ACBAR on Viper) Authors: A.K.Romer et al. Comments: 9 pages, 5 figures Krupnye skopleniya galaktik okruzhaet ochen' goryachii gaz, ego temperatura opredelyaetsya usloviem ravnovesiya v moshnom gravitacionnom pole skopleniya. Chast' fotonov reliktovogo izlucheniya, prohodya skvoz' takie oblaka, rasseivayutsya na energichnyh elektronah i peremeshayutsya iz mikrovolnovoi oblasti v rentgenovskuyu. A rezul'tate v radiodiapazone vokrug skopleniya budet nablyudat'sya nedostatok mikrovolnovyh fotonov, t.e. ponizhenie temperatury reliktovogo izlucheniya. Eto i est' effekt Syuryaeva-Zel'dovicha. Postroeniem mikrovolnovyh kart skoplenii galaktik v techenie 2001 i 2002 godov zanimalsya ustanovlennyi na yuzhnom polyuse teleskop Viper (s pomosh'yu massiva bolometrov ACBAR). Karty dvuh skoplenii pokazany nizhe, effekt Syunyaeva-Zel'dovicha viden "nevooruzhennym glazom". Karty skoplenii 1E0657-56 i Abell S1063 na chastote 150 GGc. Izmenenie temperatury reliktovogo izlucheniya privedeno v mikrokel'vinah. Karty yarkogo rentgenovskogo skopleniya 1E0657-67 (z=0.299) na chastotah 150, 210 i 275 GGc. Poslednyaya karta vzyata iz eshe odnoi raboty togo zhe nauchnogo kollektiva: (astro-ph/0311263) P.Gomez et al. Nablyudeniya effekta Syunyaeva-Zel'dovicha na massivnyh skopleniyah galaktik (Sunyaev-Zeldovich Observations of Massive Clusters of Galaxies) astro-ph/0311269 Raspredeleniya pikov effekta Syunyaeva-Zel'dovicha v nablyudatel'nyh obzorah (Reconstructing the Peak Distribution in the Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect Surveys) Authors: Jounghun Lee, Naoki Yoshida Comments: 13 pages, 4 figures, submitted to ApJ Letters Chto takoe effekt Syunyaeva-Zel'dovicha modno prochest' v predydushei zametke. A zdes' pokazana kartina, otkryvshayasya astronomam v posle provedeniya ryada radio obzorov. Na nizhnei kartinke izobrazheno povedenie mikrovolnovogo fona, na verhnei - real'naya kartina, nablyudaemaya pri vysokom razreshenii. Ih raznost', t.e. prakticheski vse detali na verhnem izobrazhenii, proyavlenie effekta Syunyaeva-Zel'dovicha na dalekih skopleniyah galaktik. obzor astro-ph/0311292 Kosmicheskoe vozrozhdenie: pervye istochniki sveta (Cosmic Renaissance: The First Sources of Light) Authors: Volker Bromm Comments: 16 pages, 7 figures, invited review, to appear in PASP, Feb. 2004 Otlichnyi obzor, posvyashennyi pervym zvezdam i kvazaram. Pervye (ochen' massivnye - bolee chem v 100 raz tyazhelee Solnca) zvezdy obrazuyutsya na krasnyh smesheniyah z=20-30. Pervye kvazary poyavlyayutsya chut' pozzhe - na z=10. Imenno takovy vyvody, poluchaemye iz chislennogo modelirovaniya. Oni nahodyatsya v razumnom soglasii s dannymi nablyudenii. Odnako, poslednih poka nedostatochno. Seichas planiruetsya neskol'ko nazemnyh i kosmicheskih proektov, kotorye smogut "prolit' svet na pervyi svet". V obzore rech' idet v osnovnom o modelirovanii rozhdeniya pervyh zvezd. "Na pal'cah" opisany osnovnye processy i parametry. S etoi tochki zreniya obzor ochen' udachnyi, na nash vzglyad. Kvazaram udeleno znachitel'no men'she mesta, no osnovnye problemy kratko opisany. Bolee 100 ssylok pomogut chitatelyu naiti neobhodimuyu dopolnitel'nuyu informaciyu. astro-ph/0311296 Tyazhelye neitronnye zvezdy? (Heavy Neutron Stars? A Status Report on Arecibo Timing of Four Pulsar-White Dwarf Systems) Authors: David J. Nice, Eric M. Splaver, Ingrid H. Stairs Comments: 4 pages, 1 figure. Opisyvayutsya rezul'taty nablyudenii chetyreh dvoinyh radiopul'sarov v parah s belymi karlikami na radioteleskope v Aresibo. Vazhneishii rezul'tat sostoit v tom, chto dlya odnoi sistemy (PSR J0751+1807) obnaruzhena evolyuciya orbity pod deistviem gravitacionnogo izlucheniya, chto pozvolilo ocenit' massu neitronnoi zvezdy v 1.6-2.8 mass Solnca. Opredelenie mass pul'sarov kraine vazhno dlya opredeleniya "edinstvenno vernogo" uravneniya sostoyaniya neitronnyh zvezd. Eto, v svoyu ochered', ochen' interesno ne tol'ko dlya astronomov, no i dlya fizikov (napomnim, chto plotnost' v nedrah neitronnyh zvezd prevoshodit plotnost' atomnogo yadra v neskol'ko raz!). Esli massa etoi neitronnoi zvezdy i pravda ravna 2.8 mass Solnca (berem verhnii predel), to eto budet potryasayushe interesno i vazhno dlya astrofiziki neitronnyh zvezd i fiziki yadernoi materii. astro-ph/0311315 3-mernaya spektroskopiya plotnyh polei (Crowded Field 3D Spectroscopy) Authors: Thomas Becker, Sergei Fabrika, Martin M. Roth Comments: 4 pages, 8 figures Redkaya stat'ya, kotoraya hotya by chastichno posvyashena metodam sovremennyh nablyudenii, v dannom sluchae spektroskopii. Termin 3-mernaya (3D) spektroskopiya primenyaetsya dlya nablyudenii, kogda v kazhdoi tochke polya zreniya (eto 2 izmereniya) stroitsya spektr (+ eshe 1 izmerenie). Obsuzhdaemye algoritmy primenyayutsya k real'nomu ob'ektu - planetarnoi tumannosti v M31. Rezul'taty ochen' horoshie. Primenenie algoritma vosstanovleniya izobrazheniya na testovom ob'ekte obzor! astro-ph/0311321 Gamma-vspleski: progress, problemy, plany (Gamma-Ray Bursts: Progress, Problems & Prospects) Authors: Bing Zhang, Peter Meszaros Comments: 86 pages, 17 figures, 566 references, an invited review for International Journal of Modern Physics A, in press V obshem vse skazano vyshe: obzor po gamma-vspleskam, avtory - vedushie specialisty v etoi oblasti, 86 stranic, 566 ssylok (!). Pozhalui, nichego polnee na dannyi moment net. V dopolnenie mozhno posovetovat' svezhuyu rabotu "The Diversity of Gamma-Ray Bursts and the Surroundings of Massive Stars", gde idet rech' o vozmozhnoi svyazi dlinnyh gamma-vspleskov s kollapsom massivnyh zvezd. A takzhe obzor, posvyashennyi dzhetam: "Gamma-Ray Bursts: Jets and Energetics". My budem starat'sya hotya by perechislit' interesnye (dlya shirokoi publiki) stat'i, poyavivshiesya v razdele physics (vklyuchaya cross-listing). physics/0311037 Fenomenologiya kvantovoi gravitacii (Quantum Gravity Phenomenology) Authors: Giovanni Amelino-Camelia Comments: 8 pages, These notes were prepared while working on an invited contribution to the November 2003 issue of Physics World, which focused on quantum gravity. They intend to give a non-technical introduction (accessible to readers from outside quantum gravity) to "Quantum Gravity Phenomenology" "Kvantovaya gravitaciya dlya chainikov". Korotkoe populyarnoe vvedenie dlya neprofessionalov s liricheskimi otstupleniyami i spiskom "chto eshe pochitat'". Rekomenduem. physics/0311047 Teoriya strun: teoriya v poiskah eksperimenta (String Theory: a theory in search of an experiment) Authors: Howard J. Schnitzer Comments: 7 pages. This essay was presented at a celebration for Professor S.S. Schweber on October 8, 2003 at the Dibner Institute, MIT Korotkoe "filosofskoe" esse po teorii strun, napisannoe professional'nym fizikom. Odnako, avtor slegka preuvelichivaet unikal'nost' teorii strun, chto ne udivitel'no dlya cheloveka, rabotayushego v etoi oblasti. Sm. takzhe hep-th/0310077. Vernut'sya k nachalu stranicy

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