The R.A.P.Project "Prosto o slozhnom" "Astro-ph za pervuyu polovinu 2003 g." Nemnogo statistiki Predydushii vypusk (N62) Populyarno dlya professionalov Slovar' astroterminov Spisok missii i teleskopov Obzory UFN Stat'i SOZh ANKa Dnya 17.11.2003. Minigalo i obrazovanie pervyh zvezd 10.11.2003. "Esli by krasota ubivala ..." Soderzhanie i bystryi perehod k razdelam obzora Stat'i nedeli "Luchshie iz luchshih" astro-ph/0312382 "Oziris" (HD209458b), isparyayushayasya planeta astro-ph/0312429 Nablyudeniya i teoriya linzirovannogo kvazara s bol'shim razdeleniem izobrazhenii SDSS J1004+4112 astro-ph/0312518 Ellipticheskie galaktiki s aktivnym zvezdoobrazovaniem na nebol'shih krasnyh smesheniyah po dannym Sloanovskogo cifrovogo obzora neba astro-ph/0312545 Novye dannye v svete edinoi modeli aktivnyh yader galaktik Otdel'nye stat'i Otkrytie pekulyarnogo pul'sara v Malom Magellanovom Oblake Odinochnye neitronnye zvezdy: astrofizicheskii obzor Vspyshki i koronal'nye struktury u zvezd "Oziris" (HD209458b), isparyayushayasya planeta Dlinnye i korotkie gamma-vspleski i otdacha pul'sarov Zavisyashaya ot fazy liniya poglosheniya v spektre rentgenovskogo pul'sara RX J0720.4-3125 Nablyudeniya i teoriya linzirovannogo kvazara s bol'shim razdeleniem izobrazhenii SDSS J1004+4112 Budushee rentgenovskoi spektroskopii galakticheskih dvoinyh chernyh dyr Ellipticheskie galaktiki s aktivnym zvezdoobrazovaniem na nebol'shih krasnyh smesheniyah po dannym Sloanovskogo cifrovogo obzora neba Voidy v dvuhgradusnom (2dF) obzore galakticheskih krasnyh smeshenii Skorosti neitronnyh zvezd i asimmetriya vzryva sverhnovoi Novye dannye v svete edinoi modeli aktivnyh yader galaktik Detal'naya opticheskaya krivaya gamma-vspleska GRB030329 Gamma-vspleski, nablyudavshiesya na XMM-Newton Obrazovanie struktury v zerkal'noi temnoi materii: reliktovoe izluchenie i krupnomasshtabnaya struktura Magnitnaya Vselennaya Novaya biologiya krasnyh dozhdei: ekstremofily i kometnaya panspermiya Sravnenie programm kosmologicheskogo modelirovaniya AMR i SPH Problema kosmologicheskoi postoyannoi Iz razdela physics Kak zayavit' ob otkrytii? Polnyi Arhiv predydushih vypuskov. Arhiv statei, voshedshih v vypuski s 01 iyulya 2002 g. po 31 marta 2003 g. Razdely arhiva (s aprelya 2003 g.): kosmologiya, neitrino, kosmicheskie luchi i gamma-astronomiya, galaktiki, AYaG, kvazary, nasha Galaktika, mezhzvezdnaya sreda, zvezdy, sverhnovye, ostatki sverhnovyh, chernye dyry, neitronnye zvezdy, linzirovanie, Solnce, ekzoplanety, Solnechnaya sistema, akkreciya, tesnye dvoinye sistemy, gamma-vspleski, gravitacionnye volny, mehanizmy izlucheniya, chislennoe modelirovanie, dinamika, mehanika metody obrabotki dannyh, MGD, metody nablyudenii, budushie nablyudatel'nye proekty, prochee. Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki. Korotkoe esse ob elektronnyh preprintah. Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph s 2001 g. Obsudit' na forume Scientific.RU Obsudit' na forume Zvezdocheta Avtory proekta Sergei Popov Mihail Prohorov Postav'te u sebya nashu knopku! Proekt razmeshen na saitah: Vy mozhet takzhe razmestit' na svoem saite nashu lentu obzorov Novostnye lenty Novosti astronomii ot PRAO Tekushie otkrytiya v FECh Novosti kosmonavtiki Novosti ot UFN Informnauka Perst Podpiska na rassylku obzorov na Subscribe.Ru Druzhestvennaya rassylka "Okno vo Vselennuyu"

Obzory preprintov astro-ph Vypusk N63 astro-ph za 16 - 31 dekabrya 2003 goda: izbrannye stat'i Referaty otdel'nyh statei astro-ph/0312356 Otkrytie pekulyarnogo pul'sara v Malom Magellanovom Oblake (A Discovery of a Peculiar Pulsar in the Small Magellanic Cloud) Authors: Masaru Ueno et al. Comments: 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted in PASJ V stat'e opisyvayutsya ochen' neobychnye svoistva rentgenovskogo pul'sara s Be-zvezdoi IKT1 (=RXJ0047.3-7312) po dannym nablyudenii, provedennyh orbital'noi observatoriei XMM-N'yuton v oktyabre 2000 g. U pul'sara nablyudayutsya sushestvennye izmeneniya potoka s periodom okolo 4000 s i kogerentnye pul'sacii s periodom 263+/-1 s. V hode nablyudenii potok sushestvenno menyalsya, ego srednee znachenie v intervale energii 0.7-10 keV sostavlyalo 2.9x10-12 erg/sm2/s, chto primerno v 10 raz bol'she, chem pri nablyudeniyah s ROSAT a v 1999 g. Vse pekulyarnye svoistva nablyudalis' tol'ko v myagkoi spektral'noi komponente izlucheniya (T=0.6 keV) i ne zatragivali zhestkuyu (s T=5.8 keV). miniobzor astro-ph/0312378 Vspyshki i koronal'nye struktury u zvezd (Stellar Flares and Coronal Structure) Authors: M. Guedel (PSI, Switzerland) Comments: 10 pages, 13 figures, proceedings of IAU Symposium 219 My horosho znaem Solnechnye vspyshki i processy v korone Solnca. Ochevidno, chto podobnye processy idut i v drugih zvezdah, podobnyh Solncu, prosto ih gorazdo trudnee nablyudat'. Trudnee, no uzhe mozhno. V dannoi rabote privedeny dannye o koronal'nyh i vspyshechnyh strukturah u drugih zvezd, poluchennye vo vremya ih zatmenii i po interferometricheskim nablyudeniyam. Obzor horosho proillyustrirovan. obzor astro-ph/0312369 Odinochnye neitronnye zvezdy: astrofizicheskii obzor (Isolated neutron stars: An astrophysical perspective) Authors: Sergei Popov, Roberto Turolla Comments: 20 pages, 6 figures, Review talk given at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop On Superdense QCD Matter and Compact Stars, 27 Sep - 4 Oct 2003, Yerevan, Armenia Eto obzornyi doklad, prochitannyi na, v obshem-to, fizicheskoi konferencii po kvarkovym zvezdam i ekstremal'nym sostoyaniyam veshestva. V pervoi chasti daetsya spisok naibolee interesnyh rezul'tatov, poluchennyh za poslednie 2-3 goda. Zatem dayutsya bolee podrobnye kommentarii po spektram i atmosferam neitronnyh zvezd, po akkrecii na odinochnye neitronnye zvezdy, i po nekotorym drugim voprosam, predstavlyayushim interes dlya avtorov obzora. astro-ph/0312382 "Oziris" (HD209458b), isparyayushayasya planeta ("Osiris" (HD209458b), an evaporating planet) Authors: Alfred Vidal-Madjar & Alain Lecavelier des Etangs (IAP) Comments: 8 pages, 7 figures Nablyudeniya prohoda planety po disku zvezdy HD209458 solnechnogo tipa pokazali udivitel'nuyu kartinu. Razmer planety raven 4.3RJ, chto prevyshaet razmer radiusa Rosha dlya etoi planety, sostavlyayushii 3.6RJ. Eto oznachaet, chto planeta teryaet svoi vneshnie sloi. Etot fakt podtverzhdayut i izmereniya luchevyh skorostei, registriruyushie potok veshestva s otnositel'noi skorost'yu -130 km/s (znak minus oznachaet dvizhenie k nam), t.e. vyshe skorosti ubeganiya ot planety. Etomu zhe ob'ektu posvyashena stat'ya astro-ph/0312384 togo zhe nauchnogo kollektiva "Temp ispareniya goryachih Yupiterov i obrazovanie Htonianskih planet". astro-ph/0312399 Dlinnye i korotkie gamma-vspleski i otdacha pul'sarov (Long and short gamma-ray bursts, and the pulsar kicks) Authors: Alexander Kusenko and Dmitry V. Semikoz Comments: 8 pages, 1 figure Ideya raboty ochen' ponyatna: korotkie gamma vspleski ochen' pohozhi na pervye neskol'ko sekund dlinnyh gamma-vspleskov, kotorye po kakoi-to prichine vnezapno zakonchilis'. Avtory predpolagayut, chto eto imenno tak. Gamma-vspleski porozhdayutsya v hode sverhmoshnoi akkrecii veshestva iz akkrecionnogo diska (obrazovavshegosya iz obolochek kollapsiruyushei zvezdy) na neitronnuyu zvezdu ili chernuyu dyru. Poka idet akkreciya my nablyudaem gamma-izluchenie. No esli za neskol'ko sekund neitronnaya zvezda priobretaet vysokuyu skorost', to ona mozhet vyletet' iz diska i vsplesk prekratitsya. astro-ph/0312413 Zavisyashaya ot fazy liniya poglosheniya v spektre rentgenovskogo pul'sara RX J0720.4-3125 (A phase-dependent absorption line in the spectrum of the X-ray pulsar RX J0720.4-3125) Authors: F. Haberl et al. Comments: 9 pages, 10 figures, Submitted to A&A V spektre odinochnoi neitronnoi zvezd RX J0720.4-3125 observatoriya XMM-N'yuton obnaruzhila spektral'nuyu liniyu s energiei 400 eV Shirina i polozhenie linii menyayutsya sinhronno s fazoi vrasheniya neitronnoi zvezdy. Iz etih dannyh poluchaetsya ocenka magnitnogo polya 5x1013 Gs. Ocenka soglasuetsya s dannymi po tormozheniyu vrasheniya pul'sara. astro-ph/0312429 Nablyudeniya i teoriya linzirovannogo kvazara s bol'shim razdeleniem izobrazhenii SDSS J1004+4112 (Observations and Theoretical Implications of the Large Separation Lensed Quasar SDSS J1004+4112) Authors: M. Oguri et al. Comments: 21 pages, 24 figures, 5 tables, submitted to ApJ Kvazar, fotografiya kotorogo pokazana nizhe, linzirovan, yasno vidny chetyre izobrazheniya. Seichas, posle provedeniya massovyh obzorov kvazarov i galaktik, takih ob'ektov izvestno uzhe dostatochno mnogo. I v dannom izobrazhenii net nichego osobennogo, krome odnogo: rasstoyanie mezhdu naibolee udalennymi izobrazheniyami dannogo kvazara sostavlyaet 14.62". Etot kvazar, raspolozhennyi na z=1.734 linziruetsya ne galaktikoi, a skopleniem galaktik, raspolozhennom na z=0.68. miniobzor astro-ph/0312470 Budushee rentgenovskoi spektroskopii galakticheskih dvoinyh chernyh dyr (The Future of X-ray Spectroscopy of Galactic Black Hole Binaries) Authors: Michael A. Nowak Comments: 8 pages, 7 figures V etom malen'kom obzore perepleteny dve temy: 1) chto mogut uvidet' uzhe deistvuyushie i gotovyashiesya k zapusku rentgenovskie observatorii, 2) kakie effekty mozhno obnaruzhit' v rentgenovskih zvezdnyh istochnikah s chernymi dyrami. astro-ph/0312518 Ellipticheskie galaktiki s aktivnym zvezdoobrazovaniem na nebol'shih krasnyh smesheniyah po dannym Sloanovskogo cifrovogo obzora neba (Actively Star Forming Elliptical Galaxies at Low Redshifts in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey) Authors: Masataka Fukugita et al. Comments: 14 pages, Accepted for publication in Astrophys. J. Letters Obychno schitaetsya, chto v ellipticheskih galaktikah novye zvezdy prakticheski ne obrazuyutsya. Dlya bol'shinstva iz nih tak ono i est', no ne dlya vseh ... V vyborke yarkih blizkih (po kosmologicheskim merkam) galaktik Sloanovskogo obzora sredi ellipticheskih galaktik okazalis' ob'ekty s zametnym tempom rozhdeniya zvezd. Galaktiki byli vydeleny v nachale po svoim morfologicheskim harakteristikam, a zatem po linii vodoroda Hα. Chislo podobnyh ob'ektov neveliko - desyatye doli procenta ot polnoi vyborki - odnako, otkrytie, esli ono zatem budet podtverzhdeno, chrezvychaino interesno, v tom chisle i dlya nashego ponimaniya evolyucii Vselennoi. astro-ph/0312533 Voidy v dvuhgradusnom (2dF) obzore galakticheskih krasnyh smeshenii (Voids in the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey) Authors: Fiona Hoyle, Michael S. Vogeley Comments: 36 pages, Submitted to ApJ Voidy - eto gigantskie pustoty, v kotoryh fakticheski net yarkih galaktik. Imeyushiesya nemnogochislennye "zvezdnye ostrova" obychno raspolagayutsya blizhe k granicam voidov, a central'nye oblasti sovsem izbegayutsya galaktikami. Avtory ispol'zuyut dannye po 245,591 galaktikam do krasnogo smesheniya z poryadka 0.2. Naideno 289 voidov s radiusom bolee 10-12 Mpk. Oni sostavlyayut primerno 40 procentov ob'ema Vselennoi. miniobzor! astro-ph/0312542 Skorosti neitronnyh zvezd i asimmetriya vzryva sverhnovoi (Neutron Star Kicks and Supernova Asymmetry) Authors: Dong Lai Comments: 11 pages, to appear in 3D Signatures of Stellar Explosion, a workshop honoring J.C. Wheeler's 60th Birthday Odnim iz vazhneishih svoistv neitronnyh zvezd yavlyayutsya ih nachal'nye skorosti, t.k. po vsei vidimosti oni nesut na sebe otpechatok vzryva sverhnovoi. Pri vzryve vydelyaetsya kolossal'naya energiya - 1053 erg (1046 Dzh). Bol'shaya ee chast' unositsya neitrino. Ostal'noe izluchaetsya v vide elektromagnitnogo i gravitacionnogo izlucheniya, a takzhe perehodit v mehanicheskuyu energiyu sbroshennogo veshestva. Dazhe esli dopustit' nebol'shuyu (poryadka procenta) asimmetriyu vzryva, to obrazovavshiisya kompaktnyi ostatok poluchit' kik (tolchok), v rezul'tate chego my budem potom nablyudat', naprimer, bystro dvigayushiisya pul'sar. Izmerennye skorosti etih ob'ektov dostigayut 2000 km/s !!! Avtor daet obzor osnovnyh mehanizmov poyavleniya kika: Gidrodinamicheskii, Neitrinnyi, Elektromagnitnyi. Ukazhem takzhe na lyubopytnuyu vozmozhnost' togo, chto naibolee bystrodvigayushiesya kompaktnye ob'ekty - eto kvarkovye zvezdy. miniobzor! astro-ph/0312545 Novye dannye v svete edinoi modeli aktivnyh yader galaktik (AGN Unification: An Update) Authors: C. Megan Urry Comments: 12 pp, invited review at Princeton meeting on "AGN Physics with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey" (July 2003), ed. G. T. Richards and P. B. Hall, ASP Conf. Series, in press Postroenie edinyh modelei - uvlekatel'neishaya vesh'. Vam nuzhno splesti set' iz idei, osnovyvayushihsya na prostyh predpolozheniyah, i nakinut' ee na vsyu sovokupnost' imeyushihsya faktov. Davno uchenye pytayutsya sozdat' edinuyu model' dlya aktivnyh yader galaktik. V sootvetstvii s programmoi maksimum ves' zoopark etih ob'ektov dolzhen ob'yasnyat'sya raznoi massoi central'nyh chernyh dyr, raznoi orientaciei otnositel'no nablyudatelya (naprimer, smotrim li my pryamo v dzhet ili net), nu i konechno zhe nado ne zabyt' pro evolyuciyu. Avtor daet obzor novyh rezul'tatov (i novyh problem!) v etoi oblasti. Polagaem, chto eto budet interesno dostatochno shirokomu krugu chitatelei. astro-ph/0312594 Detal'naya opticheskaya krivaya gamma-vspleska GRB030329 (The detailed optical light curve of GRB030329) Authors: Y. M. Lipkin et al. Comments: 14 pages, 12 figures, submitted to ApJ Vot kak vyglyadel v radio-, optike (fil'tr R) i rentgene samyi yarkii gamma-vsplesk 2003 goda GRB 030329. astro-ph/0312602 Gamma-vspleski, nablyudavshiesya na XMM-Newton (Gamma-Ray Bursts observed by XMM-Newton) Authors: P.T. O'Brien et al. Comments: To appear in proceedings of the "XMM-Newton EPIC Consortium meeting, Palermo, 2003 October 14-16", published in Memorie della Societa Astronomica Italiana XMM-Newton - eto odna iz dvuh sovremennyh bol'shih rentgenovskih observatorii. Osnovnoe dostoinstvo sputnika - ogromnaya sobirayushaya ploshad', pozvolyayushaya poluchat' horoshie spektry v rentgenovskom diapazone. Gamma-vspleski - ne osnovnaya tematika dlya XMM-Newton. Tem ne menee UZhE polucheny vazhnye rezul'taty. Delo v tom, chto sputnik uspevayut dostatochno bystro navesti na vspyhnuvshii vsplesk s tem, chto by detal'no issledovat' t.n. rentgenovskoe poslesvechenie (afterglow). V stat'e kratko opisyvayutsya osnovnye poluchennye rezul'taty, a takzhe plany, svyazannye s zapuskom sputnika Swift. astro-ph/0312605 Obrazovanie struktury v zerkal'noi temnoi materii: reliktovoe izluchenie i krupnomasshtabnaya struktura (Structure Formation with Mirror Dark Matter: CMB and LSS) Authors: Zurab Berezhiani et al. Comments: 11 pages, 4 figures Priroda temnoi materii yavlyaetsya odnoi iz osnovnyh zagadok sovremennoi astrofiziki. Zerkal'naya temnaya materiya - odna iz real'nyh al'ternativ. Vo vremya odnogo iz nedavnih dokladov Zuraba Berezhiani ya (S.P.) zadaval emu vopros o tom, schitali li oni obrazovanie krupnomasshtabnoi struktury v ramkah svoei modeli zerkal'noi temnoi materii. Zurab otvetil, chto oni rabotayut nad etim. I vot - stat'ya. Provedennyi analiz pozvolyaet nalozhit' vazhnye ogranicheniya na parametry modeli s zerkal'nym temnym veshestvom. Podrobnee ob etom napravlenii mozhno prochest' v kandidatskoi dissertacii Paolo Chiarcheluti. obzor astro-ph/0312614 Magnitnaya Vselennaya (The Magnetized Universe) Authors: Massimo Giovannini Comments: 146 pages, 14 included figures. Review article Krupnomasshtabnye (kosmologicheskie) magnitnye polya okazyvayutsya interesnymi astrofizikam, kosmologam i fizikam elementarnyh chastic. V obzore privedeny nablyudatel'nye o magnitnyh polyah v masshtabah galaktik, ih skoplenii i sverhskoplenii. Detal'no obsuzhdayutsya protivorechiya v etih dannyh i vozmozhnye puti iz razresheniya. Obrashayu vnimanie na ob'em obzora: 146 stranic. astro-ph/0312639 Novaya biologiya krasnyh dozhdei: ekstremofily i kometnaya panspermiya (New biology of red rain extremophiles prove cometary panspermia) Authors: Godfrey Louis, A. Santhosh Kumar Comments: 17 pages, 6 figures, see related paper astro-ph/0310120 Eshe odna stat'ya o krasnyh dozhdyah v shtate Kerala v Indii. Dozhdi sledovali za padeniem bolida, veroyatno, fragmentom komety. Krasnyi cvet vody byl vyzvan neobychnymi mikroorganizmami. Mogli li oni byt' prineseny k nam iz kosmosa? astro-ph/0312651 Sravnenie programm kosmologicheskogo modelirovaniya AMR i SPH (Comparing AMR and SPH Cosmological Simulations: I. Dark Matter & Adiabatic Simulations) Authors: Brian W. O'Shea et al. Comments: 35 pages, 18 figures. Submitted to the Astrophysical Journal Chislennoe modelirovanie - vazhneishii instrument v kosmologicheskih issledovaniyah. Sushestvuet mnogo razlichnyh podhodov k "sozdaniyu vselennoi v probirke". Sootvetstvenno, neobhodimo sravnivat' raznye podhody monopolizm i otsutstvie svobodnogo kompetentnogo obsuzhdeniya nauke protivopokazano). Avtory (izvestneishie specialisty v svoei oblasti) sravnivayut dva chislennyh koda, osnovannyh na raznyh metodikah. Obsuzhdayutsya prichiny neskol'ko razlichayushihsya rezul'tatov raboty dvuh programm. gr-qc/0312115 Problema kosmologicheskoi postoyannoi (Cosmological Constant Problem) Authors: J. W. Moffat Comments: 8 pages. No figures. Latex file. Talk given at QFEXT03, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, September 15-19, 2003. To be published in the proceedings by Rinton Press Daetsya korotkii obzor sovremennogo sostoyaniya issledovanii kosmologicheskoi postoyannoi i stoyashih pered uchenymi problem. Predlagaetsya vozmozhnyi put' resheniya etih problem. Krome togo predlagaetsya kosmicheskii eksperiment, prizvannyi issledovat' povedenie energii vakuuma v gravitacionnom pole. My budem starat'sya hotya by perechislit' interesnye (dlya shirokoi publiki) stat'i, poyavivshiesya v razdele physics (vklyuchaya cross-listing). physics/0312141 Kak zayavit' ob otkrytii (How to Claim a Discovery) Authors: Wolfgang Rolke, Angel Lopez Comments: 5 pages + 3 figures Avtory obsuzhdayut statisticheskii test, pozvolyayushii sdelat' vyvod o nalichii ili otsutstvii signala. Primerom signala mozhet byt', naprimer, obnaruzhenie novoi chasticy. Stat'ya neskol'ko tehnicheskaya, odnako poleznaya. Vernut'sya k nachalu stranicy

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