The R.A.P.Project "Prosto o slozhnom" "Astro-ph za vtoruyu polovinu 2003 g." Nemnogo statistiki Predydushii vypusk (N77) Slovar' astroterminov Spisok missii i teleskopov Obzory UFN Stat'i SOZh ANKa Dnya 24.03.2004. Obzor neba po dannym SIGMA 20.03.2004. Interesnyi dvoinoi radiopul'sar Soderzhanie i bystryi perehod k razdelam obzora Stat'i nedeli "Luchshie iz luchshih" astro-ph/0405217 Perspektivy poiska planet zemnoi massy astro-ph/0405232 Zond dlya sverhnovyh i uskoreniya: kosmicheskii eksperiment po izucheniyu prirody temnoi energii astro-ph/0405262 Fizika neitronnyh zvezd astro-ph/0405372 Otkuda vzyalas' Luna? hep-ph/0405215 Supersimmetriya i kosmologiya Otdel'nye stat'i Perspektivy poiska planet zemnoi massy Zond dlya sverhnovyh i uskoreniya: kosmicheskii eksperiment po izucheniyu prirody temnoi energii Sputnik Swift dlya izucheniya gamma-vspleskov Fizika neitronnyh zvezd Krupnomasshtabnaya anizotropiya pri vzryve sverhnovyh i skorosti pul'sarov Proishozhdenie massivnyh O-zvezd polya: chast' I. Poisk skoplenii Parksovskii obzor pul'sarov: IV. Otkrytie 180 pul'sarov i parametry dlya 281 ranee izvestnogo pul'sara Otkuda vzyalas' Luna? K voprosu o korrelyacii mezhdu nedavnim tempom zvezdoobrazovaniya v okrestnostyah Solnca i periodami oledeneniya na Zemle Spektral'nye ogranicheniya na neidentificirovannye istochniki EGRET po dannym COMPTEL Reviziya radial'nogo raspredeleniya pul'sarov v Galaktike Galakticheskii temp sliyaniya dvoinyh neitronnyh zvezd: naibolee svezhie ocenki Supersimmetriya i kosmologiya Morfologiya galaktik v infrakrasnom diapazone Iz razdela physics Obzornaya stat'ya Al'berta Einshteina po teorii otnositel'nosti, napisannaya v 1916 godu Kometa Galleya 87 do n.e. na monetah armyanskogo carya Tigrana? Polnyi Arhiv predydushih vypuskov. Arhiv statei, voshedshih v vypuski s 01 iyulya 2002 g. po 31 marta 2003 g. Razdely arhiva (s aprelya 2003 g.): kosmologiya, neitrino, kosmicheskie luchi i gamma-astronomiya, galaktiki, AYaG, kvazary, nasha Galaktika, mezhzvezdnaya sreda, zvezdy, sverhnovye, ostatki sverhnovyh, chernye dyry, neitronnye zvezdy, linzirovanie, Solnce, ekzoplanety, Solnechnaya sistema, akkreciya, tesnye dvoinye sistemy, gamma-vspleski, gravitacionnye volny, mehanizmy izlucheniya, chislennoe modelirovanie, dinamika, mehanika metody obrabotki dannyh, MGD, metody nablyudenii, budushie nablyudatel'nye proekty, prochee. Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki. Korotkoe esse ob elektronnyh preprintah. Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph s 2001 g. Obsudit' na forume Scientific.RU Obsudit' na forume Zvezdocheta Avtory proekta Sergei Popov Mihail Prohorov Postav'te u sebya nashu knopku! Proekt razmeshen na saitah: Vy mozhet takzhe razmestit' na svoem saite nashu lentu obzorov Novostnye lenty Novosti astronomii ot PRAO Tekushie otkrytiya v FECh Novosti kosmonavtiki Novosti ot UFN Informnauka Perst Podpiska na rassylku obzorov na Subscribe.Ru Druzhestvennaya rassylka "Okno vo Vselennuyu" Zamechatel'nyi sait Astronomiya i teleskopostroenie

Obzory preprintov astro-ph Vypusk N78 astro-ph za 13 - 31 maya 2004 goda: izbrannye stat'i Referaty otdel'nyh statei astro-ph/0405217 Perspektivy poiska planet zemnoi massy (Prospects for the Detection of Earth-Mass Planets) Authors: Andrew Gould et al. Comments: 10 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Submitted to ApJ Avtory sravnivayut chetyre metoda poiska ekzoplanet zemnoi massy: izmerenie kolebanii radial'nyh skorostei, prohozhdeniya planet po disku zvezdy, astrometricheskie metody, mikrolinzirovanie. Vyvody ne ochen' uteshitel'nye. Pervye tri metoda dayut slishkom maloe chislo potencial'nyh planet na vysokih otnosheniya signal/shum (t.e. zaregistrirovat' planetu s vysokoi dostovernost'yu s pomosh'yu etih metodik maloveroyatno). Mikrolinzirovanie v etom otnoshenii vyglyadit predpochtitel'nee. No vse ravno, vse chetyre metoda vmeste, po mneniyu avtorov, dadut s pomosh'yu sovremennyh tehnologii ne bolee 5 dostoverno zaregistrirovannyh planet dazhe v sluchae samyh optimisticheskih predpolozhenii. astro-ph/0405232 Zond dlya sverhnovyh i uskoreniya: kosmicheskii eksperiment po izucheniyu prirody temnoi energii (Supernova / Acceleration Probe: A Satellite Experiment to Study the Nature of the Dark Energy) Authors: SNAP Collaboration Comments: 40 pages, 18 figures, submitted to PASP, http://snap.lbl.gov Opisyvaetsya proekt SNAP: The Supernova / Acceleration Probe. Ideya sostoit v nablyudenii bol'shogo chisla dalekih sverhnovyh pervogo tipa (Ia) s pomosh'yu specializirovannogo dvuhmetrovogo kosmicheskogo teleskopa. Proekt dolzhen otnablyudat' neskol'ko tysyach na krasnyh smesheniyah do 1.7. Eti dannye pozvolyat poluchit' sushestvenno bolee tochnye parametry temnoi energii. Obzor po temnoi energii dlya nespecialistov mozhno naiti v svezhei rabote A. Dolgova Problems of vacuum energy and dark energy. astro-ph/0405233 Sputnik Swift dlya izucheniya gamma-vspleskov (The Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Mission) Authors: N. Gehrels et al. Comments: 38 pages, including 10 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ v611 Sputnik Swift budet zapushen vo vtoroi polovine etogo goda. Osnovnoi ego zadachei budet izuchenie kosmicheskih gamma-vspleskov. Na bortu budet tri instrumenta: gamma-detektor s bol'shim polem zreniya, i rentgenovskii i opticheskii teleskopy s uzkim polem zreniya dlya izucheniya poslesvechenii. Ozhidaetsya, chto sputnik budet registrirovat' primerno 2 vspleska v nedelyu, dlya kotoryh budet poluchena ochen' podrobnaya informaciya. Razumeetsya, ozhidaetsya, chto eto pozvolit sushestvenno prodvinut'sya v ponimanii mehanizma vspleskov. Hochetsya nadeyat'sya, chto eto budet proryv, sravnimyi s tem, chto proizoshel posle otkrytii na sputnike BeppoSAX. Ob etom apparate i ego uspehah v izuchenii gamma-vspleskov mozhno prochest' v stat'e The BeppoSAX revolution in Gamma-Ray Burst science. Teorii gamma-vspleskov posvyashen obzor Pirana The Physics of Gamma-Ray Bursts. Krome svoei osnovnoi zadachi sputnik takzhe pozvolit poluchit' obzor neba v zhestkom diapazone. Eto dovol'no vazhno, osobenno v preddverii zapuska sputnika GLAST. populyarnyi obzor astro-ph/0405262 Fizika neitronnyh zvezd (The Physics of Neutron Stars) Authors: J.M. Lattimer, M. Prakash Comments: 22 pages, 4 figures and 1 table. Science Vol. 304 2004 (536-542) Zhalko, chto v Rossii net analoga zhurnala Science. V Arhive poyavilsya ocherednoi obzor, napisannyi dlya Science. Stil' zhurnala obyazyvaet avtorov izlagat' strogo, no ponyatno dlya nespecialistov v konkretnoi uzkoi oblasti. Stat'ya ohvatyvaet osnovnye aspekty fiziki neitronnyh zvezd (vklyuchaya i kvarkovye zvezdy). Konechno, avtory rasskazyvayut i o svezhih nablyudatel'nyh dannyh. Otmetim nalichie poleznyh tablic, simpatichnyh risunkov i mnozhestva ssylok. astro-ph/0405311 Krupnomasshtabnaya anizotropiya pri vzryve sverhnovyh i skorosti pul'sarov (Global Anisotropies in Supernova Explosions and Pulsar Recoil) Authors: L. Scheck et al. Comments: 3 pages, 2 figures, contribution to Procs. 12th Workshop on Nuclear Astrophysics, Ringberg Castle, March 22-27, 2004 Korotkaya zametka v trudah konferencii, yavlyayushayasya kratkim izlozhenie stat'i teh zhe avtorov, opublikovannoi ranee v etom godu v Phys. Rev. V dvuh slovah rezul'taty mozhno summirovat' tak: avtoram (po suti vpervye) udalos' poluchit' vysokuyu skorost' otdachi (kik) v modeli obychnogo gidrodinamicheskogo (s neitrino konechno) vzryva sverhnovoi. astro-ph/0405348 Proishozhdenie massivnyh O-zvezd polya: chast' I. Poisk skoplenii (The Origin of Massive O-type Field Stars. Part I: A Search for Clusters) Authors: W.J. de Wit, L. Testi, F. Palla, L. Vanzi, H. Zinnecker Comments: 22 pages, accepted for publication in A&A Bolee-menee vse znayut, chto molodye massivnye zvezdy nablyudayutsya v sostave skoplenii/associacii (mozhno dazhe vspomnit' starodavnyuyu gipotezu Ambarcumyana, kotoraya hot' i byla neverna, no privela ko mnogim interesnym rezul'tatam). Odnako okolo 20 procentov O-zvezd vse-taki nablyudayut "v pole", t.e. vne skoplenii. Avtory proveli poisk vozmozhnyh slabyh skoplenii vokrug takih zvezd. Dlya podavlyayushei chasti rassmotrennyh ob'ektov rezul'tat okazalsya otricatel'nym: skoplenii net. Tem ne menee eto ne oznachaet, chto eti massivnye zvezdy voznikali po odinochke. Zvezdy mogli byt' vybrosheny iz skoplenii. Detal'nomu rassmotreniyu etogo voprosa budet posvyashena otdel'naya rabota avtorov. astro-ph/0405364 Parksovskii obzor pul'sarov: IV. Otkrytie 180 pul'sarov i parametry dlya 281 ranee izvestnogo pul'sara (The Parkes multibeam pulsar survey: IV. Discovery of 180 pulsars and parameters for 281 previously known pulsars) Authors: G. Hobbs et al. Comments: 35 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS, a high quality image of the figure on page 32 is available from http://www.atnf.csiro.au/research/pulsar/images/pmsurvey_fig.ps Ocherednaya stat'ya, posvyashennaya vazhneishemu dlya astrofiziki neitronnyh zvezd proektu - Parksovskomu obzoru. Obzor provodilsya na treh instrumentah: 64-metrovom Parkse, 305-metrovom teleskope v Aresibo i 76-metrovom Lovellovskom teleskope. Otkryto bolee 700 novyh pul'sarov. S uchetom nablyudenii ranee izvestnyh istochnikov katalog pozvolyaet poluchit' odnorodnye dannye po bolee chem 1000 radiopul'sarov. Krome mnozhestva dannyh (tabliciy, risunki) avtory privodyat bolee podrobnye raz'yasneniya po otdel'nym naibolee vydayushimsya istochnikam (o mnogih uzhe rasskazyvalos' otdel'no, i sootvetstvenno my pisali o nih v obzorah). astro-ph/0405372 Otkuda vzyalas' Luna? (Where Did The Moon Come From?) Authors: Edward Belbruno, J. Richard Gott III Comments: 74 pages, 28 figures, submitted to AJ Avtory rassmatrivayut odin aspekt standartnoi modeli obrazovaniya Luny. Napomnim, chto standartnaya model' predpolagaet, chto na nekotoroi rannei stadii formirovaniya Zemlya stolknulas' s drugim primerno stol' zhe massivnym (0.1 massy Zemli) telom. V etoi stat'e detal'no izuchaetsya vopros: otkuda vzyalsya takoi ob'ekt. Na risunke R1 - Solnce, R2 - Zemlya. Massivnoe telo, stolknovenie s kotorym vyzvalo poyavlenie Luny, moglo rasti, po mneniyu avtorov, v lagranzhevyh tochkah L4 i L5. Zatem gravitacionnoe vzaimodeistvie s kakim-to inym massivnym telom (togda ih bylo mnogo) vybrosilo ob'ekt iz tochki L4 ili L5, i on poletel v Zemle... Na samom dele poletel on konechno ne pryamo "k nam v gosti". Orbita poluchaetsya haoticheskoi, no veroyatnost' stolknoveniya s Zemlei okazyvaetsya dostatochno vysoka. astro-ph/0405451 K voprosu o korrelyacii mezhdu nedavnim tempom zvezdoobrazovaniya v okrestnostyah Solnca i periodami oledeneniya na Zemle (On the correlation between the recent star formation rate in the Solar Neighbourhood and the glaciation period record on Earth) Authors: R. de la Fuente Marcos, C. de la Fuente Marcos Comments: 20 pages, To be published in New Astronomy. Final, accepted version includes some changes My uzhe neodnokratno obrashalis' k voprosu o svyazi kosmicheskih luchei s izmeneniem klimata i k svyazi mezhdu potokom kosmicheskih luchei i tempa zvezdoobrazovaniya (sm., naprimer, odnu iz ANOK). V etoi stat'e avtory, vdohnovlennye rabotami Shaviva, rassmotreli korrelyacii mezhdu periodami oledeneniya na Zemle i tempom zvezdoobrazovaniya v 1.5 kpk vokrug Solnca. Poslednie dannye oni poluchali iz analiza parametrov rasseyannyh skoplenii i zvezdnyh associacii. Korrelyaciya okazalas' dostatochno horoshei, t.e. podtverzhdaetsya gipoteza o tom, chto periody oledenenii mogut byt' svyazany s processami v nashei kosmicheskoi okrestnosti. astro-ph/0405492 Spektral'nye ogranicheniya na neidentificirovannye istochniki EGRET po dannym COMPTEL (Spectral constraints on unidentified EGRET gamma-ray sources from COMPTEL MeV observations) Authors: S. Zhang et al. Comments: 9 pages including 4 figures; A&A accepted EGRET i COMPTEL eto dva eksperimenta na bortu CGRO. Oba instrumenta nablyudali v gamma-dipazone, no na nemnogo raznyh energiyah: EGRET na bolee vysokih. Sushestvuet katalog istochnikov EGRET, bol'shaya ast' iz kotoryh neotozhdestvleny. Prichin dlya etogo dve. Pervaya - tehnicheskaya. U gamma-teleskopov ochen' plohoe uglovoe razreshenie, a v kvadratike 5 na 5 gradusov obychno est' velikoe mnozhestvo istochnikov, v tom chisle potencial'no izluchayushih gamma-kvanty. Vtoraya zaklyuchaetsya v tom, chto istochnik mozhet byt' yarkim v gamma, no slabym v drugih diapazonah. V etoi stat'e avtory predstavlyayut chast' rezul'tatov po sovmestnomu analizu dannyh EGRET i COMPTEL. Koncentriruyutsya oni na 22 istochnikah, dlya kotoryh ekstrapolyaciya potoka po dannym EGRET daet predskazanie dlya nablyudenii na COMPTEL gorazdo vyshe real'no nablyudaemyh (proshe govorya: EGRET ih vidit, a COMPTEL - net). Esli iz etih istochnikov vykinut' maluyu chast', obladayushuyu znachitel'noi peremennost'yu, to okazyvaetsya, chto ostal'nye ochen' il'no koncentriruyutsya k centru Galaktiki. Eto v meru neozhidanno. Obychno obsuzhdaetsya dva tipa kandidatov v istochniki EGRET: aktivnye yadra galaktik i radiopul'sary. No pervye ne dolzhny pokazyvat' nikakoi "galakticheskoi" koncentracii (ni k centru, ni k ploskosti), a vtorye - koncentriruyutsya k ploskosti Galaktiki i k Poyasu Gulda. Avtory obsuzhdayut razlichnye gipotezy - millisekundnye pul'sary, rentgenovskie dvoinye, odinochnye chernye dyry i t.d. - no otveta vse net .... astro-ph/0405559 Reviziya radial'nogo raspredeleniya pul'sarov v Galaktike (Revisiting the radial distribution of pulsars in the Galaxy) Authors: I. Yusifov, I. Kucuk Comments: 9 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, LaTeX2e, Accepted for publication in A&A Interesnaya stat'ya, posvyashennaya raspredeleniyu radiopul'sarov v Galaktike. Avtory ispol'zovali poslednie dannye, vklyuchayushie bolee 1000 radiopul'sarov (analogichnaya rabota po drugoi metodike takzhe byla provedena Lorimerom, sm. astro-ph/0308501). Proekciya raspredeleniya radiopul'sarov na ploskost' Galaktiki. Centr Galaktiki nahoditsya v nachale koordinat. Solnce - v tochke X=0, Y=8.5. Novye pul'sary (iz poslednego obzora) pokazany krestikami, starye (izvestnye ranee) - tochkami. Serym pokazany spiral'nye rukava. Vidny dve osobennosti: Vokrug nas lokal'no mnogo pul'sarov, no chut' dal'she ot Solnca pul'sarov uzhe men'she (eto mozhet byt' svyazano s Poyasom Gulda). Pul'sarov v central'noi oblasti Galaktiki malo (etot effekt ne svyazan prosto s tem, chto centr daleko, i nablyudat' tam neprosto). Radial'noe raspredelenie nablyuademyh pul'sarov (t.e. ne dobavlen effekt t.n. "biminga", s uchetom effekta, svyazannogo s tem, chto luch pul'sara mozhet ne popadat' na Zemlyu, kolichestvo uvelichitsya v 4-10 raz). Bezuslovno, takuyu vazhnuyu rabotu budut povtoryat' nezavisimo i drugie gruppy. Budem zhdat', chtoby sravnit' rezul'taty. Poka zhe eta rabota (plyus stat'ya Lorimera) - eto samoe poslednee, chto est' po raspredeleniyu pul'sarov v Galaktike. astro-ph/0405564 Galakticheskii temp sliyaniya dvoinyh neitronnyh zvezd: naibolee svezhie ocenki (The Galactic Double-Neutron-Star Merger Rate: Most Current Estimates) Authors: Chunglee Kim et al. Comments: 8 pages, 3 figures, to appear in proceedings of Aspen Center for Physics Conference on ``Binary Radio Pulsars'' Eds. F. Rasio and I. Stairs. New results on the systematic uncertainties and possible upper limits on rate estimates are included Proshlogodnee otkrytie dvoinogo radiopul'sara povliyalo na ocenki tempa sliyaniya dvoinyh neitronnyh zvezd. Tochnee skazat' tak. Chisto teoreticheskie ocenki, osnovannye na scenariyah evolyucii dvoinyh, lish' poluchili nakonec podtverzhdenie. A vot ocenki, gde klyuchevuyu rol' igralo nablyudaemoe kolichestvo sistem, kotorye mogut slit'sya na vremya zhizni Vselennoi, izmenilis' v storonu uvelicheniya chastoty sliyanii. Delo v tom, chto novootkrytaya sistema a) blizkaya, b) sol'etsya bystro, v) pul'sary ne ochen' yarkie. Eto oznachaet, chto takih sistem dolzhno byt' dovol'no mnogo. V etoi rabote avtory kratko obsuzhdayut kakovy novye ocenki, i voobshe, chto izmenilos' v etoi oblasti astrofiziki za samoe poslednee vremya. obzor hep-ph/0405215 Supersimmetriya i kosmologiya (Supersymmetry and Cosmology) Authors: Jonathan L. Feng Comments: 66 pages, 28 figures, lectures given at the 2003 SLAC Summer Institute: Cosmic Connections to Particle Physics, in the Proceedings SLAC-R-702 and to appear in Annals of Physics Bol'shoi obzor po prilozheniyam sovremennyh teorii k kosmologii. Stat'ya napisana ponyatnym yazykom so mnozhestvom illyustracii, izlozheniem osnov i s opisaniyami vozmozhnyh proverok predskazanii teorii. Dlya poslednego avtora otvodit dovol'no mnogo mesta, perechislyaya osnovnye eksperimenty (kak uzhe zavershennye, tak i idushie i planiruyushiesya) v razlichnyh oblastyah: neitrinnye detektory, poisk temnoi materii i t.d. Sootvetstvenno opisany rezul'taty etih eksperimentov. V obshem: teoriya i praktika v odnom flakone! astro-ph/0405594 Morfologiya galaktik v infrakrasnom diapazone (Mid-Infrared Galaxy Morphology Along the Hubble Sequence) Authors: M. A. Pahre et al. Comments: ApJS (in press), Spitzer Space Telescope Special Issue; 13 pages, LaTeX (or Latex, etc); Figure 1ab is large, color plate; full-resolution plates in .pdf format available at http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/irac/publications/ Rassmatrivaetsya morfologiya 18 galaktik po dannym s kosmicheskogo infrakrasnogo teleskopa imeni Spitcera (eto pervaya stat'ya, vsego v etoi programme planiruetsya pronablyudat' sto galaktik raznyh tipov). Vybrannye galaktiki prinadlezhat k razlichnym morfologicheskim tipam (ellipticheskie, spiral'nye, ...). Avtory vydvigayut argumenty v pol'zu togo, chto klassifikaciya po infrakrasnym dannym byla by bolee udobna, chem ispol'zuemaya seichas klassifikaciya v vidimom diapazone. Zdes' my ne privodim kartinki (ob'em ochen' bol'shoi), no zhelayushie mogut shodit' po ssylke i posmotret', ono togo stoit. My budem starat'sya hotya by perechislit' interesnye (dlya shirokoi publiki) stat'i, poyavivshiesya v razdele physics (vklyuchaya cross-listing). physics/0405066 Obzornaya stat'ya Al'berta Einshteina po teorii otnositel'nosti, napisannaya v 1916 godu (Albert Einstein's 1916 Review Article on General Relativity) Authors: Tilman Sauer Comments: 27 pages, 1 jpg image Stat'ya posvyashena istorii fiziki, a konkretno rannim rabotam Einshteina po teorii otnositel'nosti (v osnovnom rech' idet ob obshei). Sm. takzhe rabotu rossiiskih avtorov (gruppa Logunova): How Were the Hilbert--Einstein Equations Discovered?. Krome togo otmetim druguyu svezhuyu rabotu Tilmana Sauera (v soavtorstve) Hilbert's 'World Equations' and His Vision of a Unified Science. physics/0405073 Kometa Galleya 87 do n.e. na monetah armyanskogo carya Tigrana? (Halley of 87 BC on the Coins of Armenian King Tigranes?) Authors: V.G.Gurzadyan, R.Vardanyan Comments: 3 pages, figures of 3 coins with the comet's image; to appear in Astronomy & Geophysics, the Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society (London) Korotkaya zametka, posvyashennaya izobrazheniyam na drevnih armyanskih monetah. Kak yasno iz nazvaniya, avtory rassmatrivayut gipotezu, chto izobrazhena kometa Galleya. Vernut'sya k nachalu stranicy

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