The R.A.P.Project "Prosto o slozhnom" "Astro-ph za vtoruyu polovinu 2003 g." Nemnogo statistiki Predydushii vypusk (N88) Slovar' astroterminov Spisok missii i teleskopov Obzory UFN Stat'i SOZh ANKa Dnya 11.10.2004. N'yuton smotrit na M31 05.10.2004. Million sekund Kassiopei A 18.09.2004. Rozhdenie lacertidy 16.09.2004. Planeta okolo korichnevogo karlika Soderzhanie i bystryi perehod k razdelam obzora Stat'i nedeli "Luchshie iz luchshih" astro-ph/0410381 Chto my mozhem uznat' ob obrazovanii chernyh dyr, izuchaya rentgenovskie dvoinye? astro-ph/0410416 Novyi kompan'on Mlechnogo Puti: neobychnoe sharovoe skoplenie ili predel'no malen'kaya galaktika-sputnik? astro-ph/0410488 Massy, parallaks i relyativistskii taiming PSR J1713+0747 Otdel'nye stat'i Evolyuciya massivnyh dvoinyh chernyh dyr Eksperimental'nye ukazaniya sushestvovaniya gravitacionnyh vspyshek Chto my mozhem uznat' ob obrazovanii chernyh dyr, izuchaya rentgenovskie dvoinye? Novyi kompan'on Mlechnogo Puti: neobychnoe sharovoe skoplenie ili predel'no malen'kaya galaktika-sputnik? Litii v ochen' bednyh metallami zvezdah: problemy standartnogo pervichnogo nukleosinteza? Kiborg-sistema kak platforma obrabotki izobrazhenii v astrobiologii / Pervye rezul'taty astrobiologicheskoi kiborg-sistemy Blizhaishaya zvezda spektral'nogo klassa O3: komponent kratnoi sistemy HD150136 Simmetriya v izmeneniyah dzhetov SS433 i rasstoyanie do nego Variacii nachal'noi funkcii mass Evolyuciya sverhnovyh v puzyryah vydutyh zvezdnym vetrom Massy, parallaks i relyativistskii taiming dvoinogo pul'sara PSR J1713+0747 Ogranicheniya na oslablenie dalekih sverhnovyh tipa Ia Iz razdela physics 12th International Congress on Plasma Physics Antropnye rassuzhdeniya v kosmologii: istoricheskii obzor Polnyi Arhiv predydushih vypuskov. Arhiv statei, voshedshih v vypuski s 01 iyulya 2002 g. po 31 marta 2003 g. Razdely arhiva (s aprelya 2003 g.): kosmologiya, neitrino, kosmicheskie luchi i gamma-astronomiya, galaktiki, AYaG, kvazary, nasha Galaktika, mezhzvezdnaya sreda, zvezdy, sverhnovye, ostatki sverhnovyh, chernye dyry, neitronnye zvezdy, linzirovanie, Solnce, ekzoplanety, Solnechnaya sistema, akkreciya, tesnye dvoinye sistemy, gamma-vspleski, gravitacionnye volny, mehanizmy izlucheniya, chislennoe modelirovanie, dinamika, mehanika metody obrabotki dannyh, MGD, metody nablyudenii, budushie nablyudatel'nye proekty, prochee. Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki. Korotkoe esse ob elektronnyh preprintah. Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph s 2001 g. Obsudit' na forume Scientific.RU Obsudit' na forume Zvezdocheta Avtory proekta Sergei Popov Mihail Prohorov Postav'te u sebya nashu knopku! Proekt razmeshen na saitah: Vy mozhet takzhe razmestit' na svoem saite nashu lentu obzorov Novostnye lenty Novosti astronomii ot PRAO Tekushie otkrytiya v FECh Novosti kosmonavtiki Novosti ot UFN Informnauka Perst Podpiska na rassylku obzorov na Subscribe.Ru Druzhestvennye rassylki: "Astronomiya dlya shkol'nikov" Zamechatel'nyi sait Astronomiya i teleskopostroenie Novosti nauki na Grani.Ru

Obzory preprintov astro-ph Vypusk N89 astro-ph za 18 - 25 oktyabrya 2004 goda: izbrannye stat'i Referaty otdel'nyh statei obzor astro-ph/0410364 Evolyuciya massivnyh dvoinyh chernyh dyr (Massive Black Hole Binary Evolution) Authors: David Merritt and Milos Milosavljevic Comments: 63 pages, 14 figures Kak my uzhe ne raz pisali, slivayushiesya dvoinye chernye dyry - samyi nadezhnyi istochnik gravitacionnyh voln dlya lazernyh interferometrov. Nazemnyi interferometr LIGO skoree vsego smozhet registrirovat' sliyaniya chernyh dyr zvezdnyh mass v nashei i sosednih galaktikah. Sverhmassivnye chernye dyry, podobnye prisutstvuyushei v centre Mlechnogo Puti, budut obnaruzheny na kosmicheskom detektore LISA. V privedennom obzore osnovnoe vnimanie udeleno putyam obrazovaniya dvoinyh sverhmassivnyh chernyh dyr (cherez sliyanie galaktik), nachal'nomu etapu sblizheniya chernyh dyr, kogda vliyanie gravitacionnogo izlucheniya prenebrezhimo malo (pod deistviem dinamicheskogo treniya o zvezdy) i nablyudatel'nym dannym, ukazyvayushim na sushestvovanie podobnyh sistem. Na foto dva vozmozhnyh primera sverhmassivnyh dvoinyh chernyh dyr. Sverhu - tonkie struktury radioistochnika 3C75 v skoplenii galaktik Abell 400 (radioizobrazhenie, VLA), nizhe - dvoinoe yadro galaktiki NGC6240 (foto Chandra) gr-qc/0410057 Eksperimental'nye ukazaniya sushestvovaniya gravitacionnyh vspyshek (Experimental signatures of gravitational wave bursters) Authors: Florian Dubath et al. Comments: 4 pages, 2 figs V zametke idet rech' o novom tipe istochnikov gravitacionnyh voln, kotorye vremya ot vremeni ispuskayut dostatochno korotkie impul'sy gravitacionnyh voln. Podobnymi svoistvami mogut obladat' istochniki myagkih povtornyh gamma-vspleskov (myagkie gamma-repitory =SGR), kotorye, kak segodnya predpolagayut, yavlyayutsya magnetarami - neitronnymi zvezdami so sverhsil'nymi polyami. Moshnost' gravitacionnyh vspyshek mozhet razlichat'sya takzhe sil'no, kak i moshnost' gamma-vspyshek etih ob'ektov: raspredelenie moshnosti vspyshek imeet stepennoi vid dN ~ E-1.6dE, a raspredelenie momentov vspyshek zametno otlichaetsya ot sluchainogo (nekorrelirovannogo). Krome etogo v stat'e rassmotreny voprosy registracii podobnyh vspyshek na sovremennyh gravitacionnyh detektorah. astro-ph/0410381 Chto my mozhem uznat' ob obrazovanii chernyh dyr, izuchaya rentgenovskie dvoinye? (What can we learn about black-hole formation from black-hole X-ray binaries?) Authors: G. Nelemans Comments: 6 pages, To appear in proceedings of "Massive Stars in Interacting Binaries", eds. Nicole St-Louis & Tony Moffat Korotkaya i ochen' ponyatnaya stat'ya o tom, kakie dannye o chernyh dyrah (zvezdy-praroditeli, skorosti otdachi, proishodit li vzryv pri obrazovanii chernoi dyry, skol'ko veshestva teryaetsya pri obrazovanii chernoi dyry) my mozhem uznat', izuchaya informaciyu po tesnym dvoinym sistemam s chernymi dyrami. Vyvody takie: chernye dyry obrazuyutsya so vzryvom i poterei massy; chernye dyry poluchayut kik pri rozhdenii, t.e. process rozhdeniya ne simmetrichen. astro-ph/0410416 Novyi kompan'on Mlechnogo Puti: neobychnoe sharovoe skoplenie ili predel'no malen'kaya galaktika-sputnik? (A New Milky Way Companion: Unusual Globular Cluster or Extreme Dwarf Satellite?) Authors: Beth Willman et al. Comments: 17 pages, 10 figures. Resolution of Figure 1 degraded and bottom panel of Figure 4 only includes 10% of field stars to minimize figure size Obnaruzhena gruppa golubyh zvezd SDSSJ1049+5103, plotnost' kotoroi prevyshaet ozhidaemuyu dlya dannogo mestopolozheniya v Galaktike (rasstoyanie ot Solnca okolo 50 kpk). Obrazovanie pohozhe na staroe skoplenie zvezd s nizkim soderzhaniem metallov. Avtory predstavlyayut vsyu poluchennuyu po etomu ob'ektu informaciyu i rassuzhdayut o ego prirode. Kak yasno iz nazvaniya, osnovnyh gipotez dve. Eto ili sharovoe skoplenie, ili eshe odna galaktika-sputnik. I v tom, i v drugom sluchae novootkrytoe obrazovanie yavlyaetsya netipichnym. miniobzor astro-ph/0410418 Litii v ochen' bednyh metallami zvezdah: problemy standartnogo pervichnogo nukleosinteza? (Lithium in Very Metal-poor Dwarf Stars - Problems for Standard Big Bang Nucleosynthesis?) Authors: David L. Lambert Comments: 18 pages, 5 figures Standartnyi scenarii pervichnogo nukleosinteza, parametry kotorogo vyvedeny iz nablyudenii anizotropii reliktovogo izlucheniya (po dannym WMAP) predskazyvaet opredelennoe obilie izotopov 6Li i 7Li. Pri etom obilie 7Li primerno na tri poryadka vyshe, chem nablyudaemoe v samyh bednyh metallami zvezdah, a obilie 6Li, naoborot, na tri poryadka nizhe, chem v etih zvezdah. V obzore obsuzhdaetsya vozmozhnost' razresheniya dannogo protivorechiya v ramkah standartnogo scenariya pervichnogo nukleosinteza. cs.CV/0401004 Kiborg-sistema kak platforma obrabotki izobrazhenii v astrobiologii (Cyborg Systems as Platforms for Computer-Vision Algorithm-Development for Astrobiology) Authors: Patrick C. McGuire et al. Comments: 4 pages, 6 figures cs.CV/0409031 Pervye rezul'taty astrobiologicheskoi kiborg-sistemy (Field Geology with a Wearable Computer: First Results of the Cyborg Astrobiologist System) Authors: Patrick C. McGuire et al. Comments: 7 pages, 6 figures Gruppa issledovatelei, vdohnovlennaya ideei fil'ma "Matrica" (pervogo), razrabotala prototip kiborg-sistemy obrabotki geologicheskih i astrobiologicheskih izobrazhenii. Slovo Kiborg zdes' oboznachaet, chto chast' obrabotki (nachal'naya) vypolnyaetsya komp'yuterom, a bolee intellektual'naya - chelovekom. Na fotografii pokazany pervye rezul'taty raboty "zheleznoi" chasti kiborg-sistemy: vydelenie raznotipnyh chastei izobrazheniya. astro-ph/0410447 Blizhaishaya zvezda spektral'nogo klassa O3: komponent kratnoi sistemy HD150136 (The Nearest Star of spectral type O3: A Component of the Multiple System HD150136) Authors: V.S. Niemela, R.C. Gamen Comments: 7 pages, 4 figures, accepted for MNRAS Issledovanie vysokotochnyh (s bol'shim otnosheniem signal/shum) spektrov sistemy HD150136 pokazalo, chto samyi yarkii ee komponent imeet spektral'nyi klass O3. Po etim zhe spektram udalos' naiti vtoruyu sistemu peremeshayushihsya spektral'nyh linii i ustanovit' period odnoi iz komponent etoi kratnoi sistemy, ravnyi 2.6 dnyam (chto podtverdilo menee tochnye predvaritel'nye rezul'taty). Issledovanie otnositel'nyh amplitud linii He II, N V i N IV pozvolilo ocenit' massu zvezdy O3 sleduyushim obrazom: 18<M<27Mo. astro-ph/0410456 Simmetriya v izmeneniyah dzhetov SS433 i rasstoyanie do nego (Symmetry in the changing jets of SS433 and its true distance from us) Authors: K.Blundell, M.Bowler Comments: accepted by ApJ Letters Na serii glubokih radioizobrazhenii dzhetov SS433, poluchennyh v hode bolee chem dvuh precessionnyh ciklov (&gr;2x163 dnya), byli vyyavleny sistematicheskie otkloneniya parametrov dzhetov ot standartnoi kinematicheskoi modeli dlitel'nost'yu do desyati dnei. Prichem eti izmeneniya odinakovo proyavlyalis' v oboih dzhetah (s uchetom konechnoi skorosti rasprostraneniya fotonov). Sledstviem dannoi raboty yavlyaetsya nezavisimaya ocenka skorosti veshestva v dzhetah (ot 0.24 do 0.28 c) i takzhe nezavisimaya ocenka rasstoyaniya do SS 433 (5.5+/-0.2 kpk). Bolee podrobno skorost' veshestva v dzhetah SS433 rassmatrivaetsya v drugoi stat'e teh zhe avtorov: astro-ph/0410457. astro-ph/0410461 Variacii nachal'noi funkcii mass (Variation of the IMF) Authors: Pavel Kroupa, Carsten Weidner Comments: 13 pages, to appear in IMFat50: The Initial Mass Function 50 years later, ed: E. Corbelli, F. Palla, and H. Zinnecker, Kluwer Academic Publishers; a meeting held at the Abbazia di Spineto, Tuscany, Italy -- May 16-20, 2004 Dovol'no interesnaya stat'ya ot odnogo iz avtoritetov v oblasti nachal'noi funkcii mass (NFM). Sut' sostoit v detal'nom obsuzhdenii razlichii mezhdu zvezdnoi NFM i galakticheskoi NFM. Pervaya universal'na. Ona sootvetstvuet gruppe zvezd, rozhdennoi v odnoi vspyshke zvezdoobrazovaniya (naprimer, v odnom skoplenii). Raznica mezhdu raznymi skopleniyami budet lish' v znachenii maksimal'noi massy: v malen'kih skopleniyah net zvezd bol'shoi massy. Vtoraya - galakticheskaya NFM - obrazuetsya putem slozheniya individual'nyh zvezdnyh. No! Poskol'ku dlya kazhdogo skopleniya est' verhnii predel massy zvezdy (zavisyashii ot massy samogo skopleniya), to summarnaya NFM ne budet takoi zhe kak individual'nye. Ona budet bolee krutoi (t.e. dolya malomassivnyh zvezd budet bol'she). Na vsyakii sluchai poyasnim eshe raz podhod avtorov. V malen'kih skopleniyah massivnyh zvezd net ne potomu, chto eto maloveroyatno, a prosto potomu, chto oni tam ne obrazuyutsya. (Poyasnim analogiei. Pisatel' s nebol'shim literaturnym darovaniem ne proizvodit shedevry rezhe, chem genial'nyi pisatel' - skazhem ne 1 iz 10, a 1 iz 100 knig - a prosto ne pishet shedevrov: est' potolok). T.o., rassuzhdayut avtory, sravnivat' NFM individual'nyh skoplenii s funkciyami mass galaktik nekorrektno, esli ne uchityvat' opisannogo vyshe effekta ukrucheniya NFM. Vtoroi vyvod mozhno sformulirovat' tak. Razlichiya v NFM mezhdu skopleniyami svyazany s razlichiem massy plyus effektom sluchainoi vyborki. Razlichiya zhe mezhdu galaktikami budut obuslovleny razlichiyami v tempe zvezdoobrazovaniya (chem vyshe temp, tem vyshe maksimal'naya massa skoplenii). Zametim, chto opyat' zhe spektr mass skoplenii mozhet byt' i universal'nym, i v igru vstupaet uzhe massa galaktiki.... Eshe vazhnye zaklyucheniya. 1. Temp sverhnovyh vtorogo tipa, rasschitannyi po standartnoi zvezdnoi NFM, okazyvaetsya zavyshennym, esli prilagat' ego ko vsei galaktike. 2. Obogashenie galaktiki tyazhelymi elementami, rasschitannoe po zvezdnoi NFM, opyat' zhe zavysheno. obzor astro-ph/0410464 Evolyuciya sverhnovyh v puzyryah vydutyh zvezdnym vetrom (The Evolution of Supernovae in Circumstellar Wind-Blown Bubbles I. Introduction and One-Dimensional Calculations) Authors: Vikram V. Dwarkadas (University of Chicago) Comments: 42 pages, 13 figures, subm. to ApJ V obzore dostatochno podrobno rassmotrena sleduyushaya problema: massivnye zvezdy (>8-10Mo), vzryvayushiesya kak sverhnovye, obladayut ochen' sil'nym zvezdnym vetrom. Za vremya zhizni takoi zvezdy na glavnoi posledovatel'nosti i na bolee pozdnih evolyucionnyh stadiyah veter vyduvaet vokrug zvezdy kavernu razmerom do neskol'kih desyatkov parsek. Mezhzvezdnoe veshestvo, zapolnyavshee dannuyu oblast', okazyvaetsya sgrebennym v holodnyi, tonkii i ochen' plotnyi sloi. Sbroshennaya obolochka sverhnovoi, takim obrazom, vzaimodeistvuet ne s odnorodnoi sredoi, a s vydutoi vetrom kavernoi. Vazhneishim parametrom okazyvaetsya otnoshenie massy sgrebennogo vetrom veshestva k masse sbroshennoi obolochki sverhnovoi. Opisannye rezul'taty byli polucheny dostatochno davno, no v dannom obzore oni dopolneny poslednimi detalyami i podrobno razobrany. astro-ph/0410488 Massy, parallaks i relyativistskii taiming dvoinogo pul'sara PSR J1713+0747 (Masses, Parallax, and Relativistic Timing of the PSR J1713+0747 Binary System) Authors: Eric M. Splaver et al. Comments: 12 pages, Accepted by ApJ Dvoinoi pul'sar PSR J1713+0747 sostoit iz neitronnoi zvezdy vokrug kotoroi s periodom 68 dnei obrashaetsya belyi karlik. 12 let nablyudenii pozvolili dovesti srednyuyu tochnost' izmereniya momentov prihoda impul'sov do 200 ns i ocenit' sleduyushie parametry sistemy: MNS = 1.3+/-0.2Mo MWD = 0.28+/-0.03Mo &pi = 0.89+/-0.08 mas D = 1.1+/-0.1 kpk Esli skombinirovat' chisto nablyudatel'nuyu ocenku massy neitronnoi zvezdy s teoreticheskoi zavisimost'yu orbital'nyi period - massa yadra predsverhnovoi, to dlya neitronnoi zvezdy poluchitsya bolee vysokaya ocenka massy MNS = 1.53+0.08-0.06Mo obzor astro-ph/0410501 Ogranicheniya na oslablenie dalekih sverhnovyh tipa Ia (Limiting the dimming of distant type Ia supernovae) Authors: Linda Ostman and Edvard Mortsell Comments: 19 pages, 11 figures Dalekie sverhnovye tipa Ia (yavlyayushiesya horoshimi "standartnymi svechami") vyglyadyat slabee, chem oni dolzhny byt' v ploskoi Vselennoi zapolnennoi obychnym veshestvom. Prinyatoe segodnya ob'yasnenie etogo fakta - Vselennaya v osnovnom zapolnena temnoi energiei, iz-za chego ona rasshiryaetsya uskorenno, sverhnovye okazyvayutsya dal'she i svetyat, sootvetstvenno, slabee. No, v principe, sushestvuyut i drugie vozmozhnye istochniki dlya podobnogo oslableniya. V dannom obzore rassmotreny tol'ko dva iz nih: mezhgalakticheskaya seraya pyl', oslablyayushaya svetimost' istochnika, no ne izmenyayushaya ego cvet; prevrashenie (oscillyacii) fotonov v aksiony. My budem starat'sya hotya by perechislit' interesnye (dlya shirokoi publiki) stat'i, poyavivshiesya v razdele physics (vklyuchaya cross-listing). proceedings 12th International Congress on Plasma Physics V razdele Physics avtory prodolzhayut vykladyvat' materialy 12-go Mezhdunarodnogo kongressa po fizike plazmy. physics/0410144 Antropnye rassuzhdeniya v kosmologii: istoricheskii obzor (Anthropic Reasoning in Cosmology: A Historical Perspective) Authors: Stefano Bettini Comments: 27 pages To appear soon in: Stoeltzner M. Weingartner P. eds.: Formale Teleologie und Kausalitat, Mentis Verlag, Paderborn Navernoe, luchshe prochitat' izvestnuyu knigu (The Anthropic Cosmological Principle (Oxford Paperbacks), John D. Barrow, Frank J. Tipler), posvyashennuyu antropnomu principu, a takzhe, vozmozhno bolee svezhuyu kriticheskuyu stat'yu Smolina. Odnako za neimeniem knigi stoit posmotret' dannyi obzor. On posluzhit horoshim dopolneniem k stat'yam Vilenkina, Linde, Smoilna i dr., dostupnym v Arhive. Vernut'sya k nachalu stranicy

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