The R.A.P.Project "Prosto o slozhnom" "Astro-ph za vtoruyu polovinu 2003 g." Nemnogo statistiki Predydushii vypusk (N94) Slovar' astroterminov Spisok missii i teleskopov Obzory UFN Stat'i SOZh ANKa Dnya 11.10.2004. N'yuton smotrit na M31 05.10.2004. Million sekund Kassiopei A 18.09.2004. Rozhdenie lacertidy 16.09.2004. Planeta okolo korichnevogo karlika Soderzhanie i bystryi perehod k razdelam obzora Stat'i nedeli "Luchshie iz luchshih" astro-ph/0412641 Katalog pul'sarov ATNF astro-ph/0412652 Al'ternativa temnoi materii: relyativistkaya MOND gravitaciya astro-ph/0412656 Neobychaino iskrivlennyi dzhet v PKS 2136+141 astro-ph/0412663 Evolyuciya plotnyh zvezdnyh skoplenii Goryachie temy nedeli VLBI nablyudeniya Otdel'nye stat'i Fon stohasticheskih gravitacionnyh voln ot kosmologicheskih sverhnovyh Fizika pul'sarov na nizkih chastotah Obzor VLB-interferometrii Vekovaya ustoichivost' i neustoichivosti zvezdnyh sistem, okruzhayushih massivnye ob'ekty Gravitacionnoe i gidrodinamicheskoe vzaimodeistvie mezhdu BMO i nashei Galaktikoi Obrazovanie massivnyh skirmionnyh zvezd WWW baza dannyh modelei akkrecionnyh diskov, obluchaemyh central'noi zvezdoi Vzryvy klassicheskih novyh Predvaritel'nye nablyudatel'nye rezul'taty o prilivnoi sinhronizacii v razdelennyh dvoinyh solnechnogo tipa Pyat'desyat let var'irovaniya nachal'noi funkcii mass: zvezdy promezhutochnyh mass Gamma-vspleski: potencial'nye istochniki kosmicheskih luchei vysokih energii Kak modelirovat' Vselennuyu v komp'yutere Koplanarnost' orbit planet daet ogranicheniya na dinamicheskii efir Teoreticheskie instrumenty dlya fiziki anizotropii relikta Stolknoveniya zvezd i obrazovanie chernyh dyr v plotnyh zvezdnyh skopleniyah Mozhet li vrashenie "ozhivit'" ostanovivshuyusya udarnuyu volnu v sverhnovoi Nablyudeniya magnitnyh polei na bol'shih masshtabah Populyacionnyi sintez dvoinyh sistem malyh i promezhutochnyh mass Periodichnost' v AYaG po nablyudeniyam v rentgene Fenomenologiya neitrino Katalog pul'sarov ATNF Mozhet li gravitaciya zasech' cunami? Al'ternativa temnoi materii: relyativistkaya MOND gravitaciya Neobychaino iskrivlennyi dzhet v PKS 2136+141 O polyarnyh shapkah "Treh Mushketerov" Evolyuciya plotnyh zvezdnyh skoplenii Iz razdela physics Zametki po istorii kvantovoi hromodinamiki Brounovskoe dvizhenie dlya shkol'nikov Izuchenie Solnechnoi sistemy izmereniem uglov i momentov vremeni Slozhnosti v redaktirovanii nauchnyh rukopisei Einshteina Ot nablyudenii k gipotezam Dinamika prodazh knig Polnyi Arhiv predydushih vypuskov. Arhiv statei, voshedshih v vypuski s 01 iyulya 2002 g. po 31 marta 2003 g. Razdely arhiva (s aprelya 2003 g.): kosmologiya, neitrino, kosmicheskie luchi i gamma-astronomiya, galaktiki, AYaG, kvazary, nasha Galaktika, mezhzvezdnaya sreda, zvezdy, sverhnovye, ostatki sverhnovyh, chernye dyry, neitronnye zvezdy, linzirovanie, Solnce, ekzoplanety, Solnechnaya sistema, akkreciya, tesnye dvoinye sistemy, gamma-vspleski, gravitacionnye volny, mehanizmy izlucheniya, chislennoe modelirovanie, dinamika, mehanika metody obrabotki dannyh, MGD, metody nablyudenii, budushie nablyudatel'nye proekty, prochee. Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki. Korotkoe esse ob elektronnyh preprintah. Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph 2001-2003 gg. Obsudit' na forume Scientific.RU Obsudit' na forume Zvezdocheta Avtory proekta Sergei Popov Mihail Prohorov Postav'te u sebya nashu knopku! Proekt razmeshen na saitah: Vy mozhet takzhe razmestit' na svoem saite nashu lentu obzorov Novostnye lenty Novosti astronomii ot PRAO Novosti kosmonavtiki Novosti ot UFN Astronomer.Ru Informnauka Researcher@ Grani.Ru Perst Podpiska na rassylku obzorov na Subscribe.Ru Druzhestvennye rassylki: "Astronomiya segodnya" "Astronomiya dlya shkol'nikov" "Okno vo Vselennuyu" Spisok astrorassylok

Obzory preprintov astro-ph Vypusk N95 astro-ph za 22 - 31 dekabrya 2004 goda: izbrannye stat'i Goryachie temy nedeli VLBI nablyudeniya Na nash vzglyad, ochen' pravil'nyi podhod sostoit v organizovannom vykladyvanii trudov konferencii v Arhiv. V dekabre-yanvare poyavilis' stat'i, kotorye opublikovany v trudah "7th European VLBI Network Symposium". BOl'shaya chast' rabot predstavlyaet soboi korotkie dvuhstranichnye soobsheniya. Tem ne menee, tam est' chto posmotret'! Referaty otdel'nyh statei Neskol'ko statei za pervuyu polovinu dekabrya astro-ph/0412277 Fon stohasticheskih gravitacionnyh voln ot kosmologicheskih sverhnovyh (Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background from Cosmological Supernovae) Authors: A.Buonanno et al. Comments: 4 pages, 5 figures Interesno, kak nekotorye rezul'taty mogut ne menyat'sya desyatiletiyami. Odna iz pervyh izvestnyh nam rabot, v kotoroi byl rasschitan gravitacionno-volnovoi fon ot sverhnovyh, byla sdelana v 1987 godu. Sverhnovye vo vsei Vselennoi vspyhivayut neskol'ko raz v sekundu (ot odnogo do neskol'kih desyatkov raz). Kazhdaya sverhnovaya daet impul's gravitacionnyh voln. Razbros ocenok ego moshnosti gorazdo bol'she. Sootvetstvenno, na chastotah nizhe 1 Gc eti impul'sy garantirovanno slivayutsya v nepreryvnyi fon, kotoryi prevyshaet ostal'nye astrofizicheskie i kosmologicheskie gravitacionno-volnovye shumy do chastoty 0.01 Gc. Tak bylo dvadcat' let nazad. Seichas obe neopredelennosti umen'shilis', no vse ravno "ocenki imeyut neopredelennost' v neskol'ko poryadkov velichiny" i po prezhnemu "mozhno nadeyat'sya na ih registraciyu nazemnymi interferometrami". miniobzor astro-ph/0412278 Fizika pul'sarov na nizkih chastotah (Pulsar Physics at Low Frequencies) Authors: J. A. Eilek et al. Comments: 7 pages Empiricheskaya "standartnaya model'" radiopul'sarov dostatochno ploho opisyvaet ih svoistva, nablyudayushiesya na samyh nizkih radiochastotah (desyatki i sotni megagerc). Chem eto mozhno ob'yasnit' i kak etu model' skorrektirovat' osnovnye voprosy, rassmatrivaemy v dannoi publikacii. miniobzor astro-ph/0412294 Obzor VLB-interferometrii (A Review of VLBI Instrumentation) Authors: W. Alef Comments: 8 pages, no figures. V etoi rabote dan kratkii obzor istorii mezhkontinental'noi radiointerferometrii (VLBI) s uporom na tehnicheskie aspekty ee razvitiya. Rassmotreny deistvuyushie segodnya VLBI-sistemy i vozmozhnoe ih budushee sovershenstvovanie. obzor astro-ph/0412311 Vekovaya ustoichivost' i neustoichivosti zvezdnyh sistem, okruzhayushih massivnye ob'ekty (Secular stability and instability in stellar systems surrounding massive objects) Authors: Scott Tremaine Comments: 30 pages Avtor issledoval ustoichivost' malomassivnyh zvezdnyh skoplenii vokrug tyazhelyh central'nyh ob'ektov. Primerom takih sistem yavlyaetsya zvezdnoe skoplenie vokrug central'noi chernoi dyry nashei Galaktiki i kometnoe oblako Oorta vokrug Solnca. Pri otsutstvii samogravitacii (t.e. kogda dvizhenie zvezd opredelyaetsya tol'ko central'nym ob'ektom) ustoichivost' takih sistem zavisit ot funkcii ih raspredeleniya F po uglovomu momentu J: esli pri fiksirovannoi energii dF/dJ < 0 to vse sfericheskie sistemy okazyvayutsya ustoichivymi, v protivnom sluchae, pri dF/dJ > 0 sistema nestabil'na. Pri otsutstvii vrasheniya (J=0) sistema neustoichiva vsegda. astro-ph/0412312 Gravitacionnoe i gidrodinamicheskoe vzaimodeistvie mezhdu BMO i nashei Galaktikoi (The gravitational and hydrodynamical interaction between the LMC and the Galaxy) Authors: Chiara Mastropietro et al. Comments: 12 pages, 15 figures. Avtory smodelirovali vzaimodeistvie Mlechnogo Puti s ego samym krupnym sputnikom dvumya sposobami: metodom N-tel (galaktika predstavlyaetsya v vide nabora tyagoteyushih material'nyh tochke) i SPH (odin iz metodov gidrodinamicheskogo modelirovaniya). Modeli vklyuchali v sebya galo ih nebarionnoi temnoi materii. Modelirovanie ohvatyvalo poslednie 4 milliarda let i okanchivalos' pri pravil'nom vzaimnom raspolozhenii galaktik. V rezul'tate deistviya prilivnyh sil disk Bol'shom Magellanovom Oblake vytyagivaetsya, sama galaktika sil'no deformiruetsya, a chast' ego zvezd vybrasyvaetsya, obrazuya razrezhennuyu zvezdnuyu koronu. Cherez nekotoroe vremya gazovyi disk stanovitsya men'she, chem zvezdnyi. Fil'm o hode etoi evolyucii mozhno posmotret' na saite avtorov. astro-ph/0412327 Obrazovanie massivnyh skirmionnyh zvezd (Formation of massive skyrmion stars) Authors: S.B.Popov , M.E.Prokhorov Comments: 8 pages, 3 figures, submitted to A&A A eto nasha stat'ya (avtorov obzorov). Skirmionnye zvezdy eto neitronnye zvezdy s ochen' zhestkim uravneniem sostoyaniya. Samo uravnenie sostoyaniya bylo predlozheno v 1999 g. Ouedom i Batlerom, a model', na osnove kotoroi kravnenie postroeno byla sozdana Skirmom v 1962 godu. Seichas k etomu uravneniyu sostoyaniya snova voznik interes. Delo v tom, chto dazhe bez vrasheniya massa takoi zvezdy mozhet dostigat' pochti 3 Solnechnyh, a na predele vrasheniya do 3.45 mass Solnca. Takie ekstremal'nye parametry dolzhny pozvolit' dostatochno legko oprovergnut' ili podtverdit' dannoe uravnenie sostoyaniya. Nuzhno tol'ko ponyat' v kakim sistemah poyavlenie stol' massivnyh neitronnyh zvezd naibolee veroyatno. My nashli semeistvo evolyucionnyh trekov dvoinyh sistem, v kotoryh neitronnaya zvezda za schet akkrecii uvelichivaet svoyu massu ot standartnoi velichiny (1.4 massy Solnca) do ochen' vysokih znachenii (2-3 massy Solnca). Takih zvezd v Galaktike dolzhno byt' neskol'ko desyatkov tysyach. Oni mogut proyavlyat' sebya kak millisekundnye pul'sary (radio ili rentgenovskie) ili kak nepul'siruyushie rentgenovskie istochniki, v kotoryh akkrecionnyh disk dohodit neposredstvenno do poverhnosti neitronnoi zvezdy. katalog astro-ph/0412331 WWW baza dannyh modelei akkrecionnyh diskov, obluchaemyh central'noi zvezdoi (WWW Database of Models of Accretion Disks Irradiated by The Central Star) Authors: Paola D'Alessio (CRyA) et al. Comments: 7 pages, 1 table Eto anons novoi versii kataloga fizicheskih modelei akkrecionnyh diskov s uchetom oblucheniya (irradiacii) central'noi zvezdoi. Katalog soderzhit okolo 3000 modelei s razlichnymi central'nymi zvezdami, razmerami i naklonom diskov, raznymi obiliyami pyli i tempami akkrecii. Dlya kazhdoi modeli privedeny zavisimosti fizicheskih parametrov ot radiusa i sinteticheskie spektry. Katalog dostupen po sleduyushim adresam: http://www-cfa.harvard.edu/youngstars/dalessio/ (SShA), http://www.astrosmo.unam.mx/~dalessio/ (Meksika) i http://www.laeff.esa.es/models/dalessio/ (Ispaniya). review astro-ph/0412333 Vzryvy klassicheskih novyh (Classical nova explosions) Authors: Margarita Hernanz (IEEC-CSIC) Comments: 14 pages Obzor sovremennogo sostoyaniya i rezul'tatov modelirovaniya vzryvov Novyh Zvezd. (Fenomen Novoi vyzyvaetsya termoyadernym vzryvom sloya veshestva na poverhnosti belogo karlika.) Osobyi upor sdelan na sleduyushie momenty: kakie himicheskie elementy obrazuyutsya pri vzryvah, i kak eto zavisit ot parametrov belyh karlikov? kak Novye obogashayut mezhzvezdnuyu sredu? kakie ogranicheniya na modeli Novyh mogut nalozhit' gamma-nablyudeniya na sovremennyh ili ozhidaemyh v blizhaishem budushem sputnika? kakie predpolozheniya pri modelirovanii Novyh yavlyayutsya naibolee kritichnymi? astro-ph/0412392 Predvaritel'nye nablyudatel'nye rezul'taty o prilivnoi sinhronizacii v razdelennyh dvoinyh solnechnogo tipa (Preliminary Observational Results of Tidal Synchronization in Detached Solar-Type Binary Stars) Authors: S. Meibom Comments: 12 pages, 8 figures Dannaya rabota osnovana na nablyudeniyah dvoinyh v rasseyannyh skopleniyah M35 (NGC2168) i M34 (NGC1039). Vozrast etih skoplenii sostavlyaet primerno 150 i 250 millionov let, sootvetstvenno. V kazhdom iz nih nablyudayutsya dvoinye sistemy solnechnogo tipa s razlichnymi periodami (poluosyami), skorost' vrasheniya zvezd opredelyaetsya po ushireniyu spektral'nyh linii, no eti skopleniya dostatochno blizkie, chto pozvolyaet poluchat' spektry s ochen' vysokim razresheniem. Eti dannye pozvolyayut sravnit' uglovuyu skorost' dvizheniya zvezdy v periastre so skorost'yu ee osevogo vrasheniya. Ostal'nye detali v samoi stat'e. Samye svezhie stat'i obzor astro-ph/0412543 Pyat'desyat let var'irovaniya nachal'noi funkcii mass: zvezdy promezhutochnyh mass (Fifty Years of IMF Variation: The Intermediate-Mass Stars) Authors: John Scalo Comments: 18 pages, including 4 figures: invited talk presented at the conference on "IMF@50: The Stellar Initial Mass Function Fifty Years Later" held at Abbazia di Spineto, Siena, Italy, May 2004; to be published by Kluwer Academic Publishers, edited by E. Corbelli, F. Palla, and H. Zinnecker Dzhon Skalo - odin iz vedushih specialistov po nachal'noi funkcii mass zvezd. V svoem obzore on rassuzhdaet o diapazone zvezdnyh mass ot 1 do primerno 10 mass Solnca. Osnovnoi vopros zaklyuchaetsya v sleduyushem: sushestvuet li dlya zvezd promezhutochnyh mass universal'naya funkciya mass (a vse otlichiya raznyh ocenok svyazany lish' s netochnostyami izmerenii), ili zhe razlichnye variacii funkcii imeyut pod soboi real'nye osnovaniya. Okonchatel'nogo otveta poka, k sozhaleniyu, net. miniobzor astro-ph/0412554 Gamma-vspleski: potencial'nye istochniki kosmicheskih luchei vysokih energii (Gamma-ray bursts: Potential sources of ultra high energy cosmic-rays) Authors: E. Waxman Comments: 8 pages; Invited talk, XIII International Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions (Pylos, Greece 2004) Avtor yavlyaetsya storonnikom tochki zreniya o tom, chto kosmicheskie gamma-vspleski porozhdayut kosmicheskie luchi sverhvysokih energii. Sootvetstvenno, v stat'e privedeny argumenty v pol'zu takoi tochki zreniya. miniobzor astro-ph/0412565 Kak modelirovat' Vselennuyu v komp'yutere (How to simulate the Universe in a Computer) Authors: Alexander Knebe Comments: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in PASA (refereed proceedings contribution for the meeting "Gravity 2004" held in Sydney, April 15-16, 2004) Kratko opisany osnovnye metody kosmologicheskogo modelirovaniya metodom mnogih tel (N-body). Poskol'ku dannye po krupnomasshtabnoi strukture yavlyayutsya odnim iz kitov, na kotoryh stoit sovremennaya kosmologiya, sovetuem oznakomit'sya s etim obzorom. gr-qc/0412086 Koplanarnost' orbit planet daet ogranicheniya na dinamicheskii efir (The coplanarity of planetary orbits places bounds on dynamical aether) Authors: Daniel Sudarsky, Konstantin G. Zloshchastiev Comments: 4 pages, REVTeX Obsuzhdeniya na Nauchnyh forumah, bor'ba s raznogo roda "efiristami" mogut privodit' k nauchnym publikaciyam, temoi kotoryh stanovyatsya vozmozhnye ogranicheniya na "ekzotiku". Tak, naprimer, obsuzhdenie na forume Scientific.RU privelo Vlada Kobycheva i odnogo iz avtorov etih obzorov k nebol'shoi rabote ob ogranichenii na zaryad fotona. Vot eshe odin uchastnik davnih disputov otmetilsya stat'ei, v kotoroi privodyatsya ogranicheniya na ekhoticheskie modeli. V svoe vremya Konstantin Zloschast'ev aktivno sporil s "efiristami" na forume Russkogo Perepleta. Teper' poyavilas' nebol'shaya stat'ya, posvyashennaya ogranicheniyam na efirnye teorii. obzor astro-ph/0412601 Teoreticheskie instrumenty dlya fiziki anizotropii relikta (Theoretical tools for the physics of CMB anisotropies) Authors: Massimo Giovannini Comments: 145 pages, 6 figures Fakticheski vse, chto nuzhno znat' dlya analiza anizotropii reliktovogo izlucheniya, sobrano v etom obzore. miniobzor astro-ph/0412629 Nablyudeniya magnitnyh polei na bol'shih masshtabah (Observing Magnetic Fields on Large Scale) Authors: Lawrence Rudnick Comments: To be published in JKAS, from proceedings of the 3rd Korean Astrophysics Workshop, 16-20 Aug., 2004, "International Conference on Cosmic Rays and Magnetic Fields in Large Scale Structure." 7 pages, 7 color figures V avguste v Koree proshla konferenciya, posvyashennaya v osnovnom magnitnym polyam na bol'shih masshtabah. Pod poslednimi ponimayutsya razmery bolee megaparseka, t.e. rech' idet o polyah v masshtabah skoplenii galaktik, o mezhgalakticheskih polyah i t.d. Informacii zdes' sovsem nemnogo, t.k. polya slaby, i nablyudat' ih ochen' neprosto. Sobstvenno, avtor kratko obsuzhdaet imenno selektivnost' nashih znanii o krupnomasshtabnyh magnitnyh polyah. Dumaetsya, chto v blizhaishee vremya poyavitsya eshe nemalo statei, napravlennyh v materialy etoi konferencii. astro-ph/0412622 Stolknoveniya zvezd i obrazovanie chernyh dyr v plotnyh zvezdnyh skopleniyah (Stellar Collisions and Black Hole Formation in Dense Star Clusters) Authors: Stephen McMillan, Simon Portegies Zwart Comments: 6 pages, 1 figure Tesnye prolety i lobovye stolknoveniya zvezd v plotnyh skopleniyah (sharovyh i skopleniyah vblizi centrov galaktik) privodyat k obrazovaniyu ochen' massivnyh zvezd, kotorye, posle bystroi termoyadernoi evolyucii, porozhdayut chernye dyry. Ob'ekty, obrazovavshiesya v rezul'tate sliyanii, obychno imeyut vysokuyu prostranstvennuyu skorost' ("ubegayushie zvezdy"). Vazhnye detali dannyh processov byli provereny metodom N-tel. V nebol'shih skopleniyah chislo slivayushihsya ob'ektov ogranichivaetsya prosto kolichestvom massivnyh zvezd, v bol'shih skopleniyah - chislom massivnyh zvezd v ih yadrah. astro-ph/0412625 Mozhet li vrashenie "ozhivit'" ostanovivshuyusya udarnuyu volnu v sverhnovoi (Effects of rotation on the revival of a stalled shock in supernova explosions) Authors: T. Yamasaki and S. Yamada Comments: 26 pages, 10 figures, submitted to ApJ Process vzryva sverhnovoi (s kollapsiruyushim yadrom, t.e. ne tipa Ia) v ochen' kratkom izlozhenii vyglyadit tak: yadro zvezdy teryaet ustoichivost' i nachinaet kollapsirovat' (szhimat'sya) pochti v rezhime svobodnogo padeniya. V centre kollapsiruyushego yadra plotnost' bystro rastet, tam nastupaet vyrozhdenie i proishodit neitronizaciya veshestva, t.e. obrazuetsya goryachaya protoneitronnaya zvezda. "Zhestkost'" neitronnoi zvezdy gorazdo vyshe, chem u kollapsiruyushego yadra, padayushee na nee veshestvo rezko tormozitsya i szhimaetsya v rezul'tate chego vokrug neitronnoi zvezdy obrazuetsya rasshiryayushayasya, dvizhushayasya naruzhu udarnaya volna. Odnako ona dvizhetsya po padayushemu vnutr' veshestvu, tratya svoyu energiyu na ego tormozhenie, nagrev i dissociaciyu yader. Udarnaya volna ostanavlivaetsya v promezhutochnyh sloyah kollapsiruyushego yadra zvezdy i ne vyhodit naruzhu, tak kak energii, poluchenno pri otskoke, ne hvataet, chtoby dissociirovat' vse yadro (a zatem sbrosit' obolochku, razlet kotoroi my i nablyudaem kak fenomen sverhnovoi). No eta nedostacha nevelika, esli udarnoi volne dobavit' 15-50% ot ee nachal'noi energii, to vzryv sverhnovoi proizoidet. Istochniki dopolnitel'noi energii mogut byt' samymi raznymi: konvekciya, neitrino, magnitorotacionnyi mehanizm i t.d. V dannoi stat'e rassmatrivayutsya voprosy "ozhivleniya" ostanovivsheisya udarnoi volny v bystro vrashayusheisya predsverhnovoi. miniobzor astro-ph/0412635 Populyacionnyi sintez dvoinyh sistem malyh i promezhutochnyh mass (Population synthesis for low and intermediate mass binaries) Authors: L. R. Yungelson Comments: 10 pages, 4 figures, to appear in INTERACTING BINARIES: Accretion, Evolution and Outcomes, AIP, Eds: L. A. Antonelli, L. Burderi, F. D'Antona, T. Di Salvo, G.L. Israel, L. Piersanti, O. Straniero, A. Tornambe Nebol'shoi, no soderzhatel'nyi obzor, posvyashennyi evolyucii dvoinyh sistem, zvezdy v kotoryh nedostatochno massivny, chtoby v konce svoei zhizni prevratit'sya v neitronnye zvezdy ili chernye dyry. Na kartinke vnizu pokazany varianty evolyucii v sluchae neustoichivogo pervogo zapolneniya polosti Rosha. astro-ph/0412636 Periodichnost' v AYaG po nablyudeniyam v rentgene (X-ray Periodicity in AGN) Authors: Karen M. Leighly Comments: To appear in From X-ray Binaries to Quasars: Black Hole Accretion on All Mass Scales, eds. T. J. Maccarone, R. P. Fender, and L. C. Ho (Dordrecht: Kluwer) Obsuzhdayutsya periodicheskie kolebaniya rentgenovskogo (ili zhestkogo ul'trafioletovogo) potoka, nablyudaemye u chetyreh aktivnyh yader galaktik (AYaG). Avtor provodit sravnenie s periodicheskimi kolebaniyami, nablyudaemymi u kandidatov v chernye dyry v tesnym dvoinyh sistemah. lekcii astro-ph/0412639 Fenomenologiya neitrino (Neutrino Phenomenology) Authors: Esteban Roulet Comments: 26 pages, Lectures given at the V Latin-American Simposium of High Energy Physics, Lima, Peru, July 2004. (This is an updated and enlarged version of astro-ph/0011570) V lekciyah svedeny voedino osnovnye dannye po neitrino. Stat'ya ne astronomicheskaya, t.e. astroprilozheniya zanimayut dostatochno malo mesta. Tak chto ves' ob'em otvoditsya pod fiziku, v osnovnom pod fenomenologiyu neitrino. katalog astro-ph/0412641 Katalog pul'sarov ATNF (The ATNF Pulsar Catalogue) Authors: R N Manchester, G B Hobbs, A Teoh & M Hobbs Comments: 29 pages, 4 figs. Accepted by Astron. J Poyavilas' stat'ya-opisanie superkataloga radiopul'sarov. Pol'zovat'sya im ochen' udobno. Dlya specialistov po radiopul'saram - eto instrument nomer odin. astro-ph/0412647 Mozhet li gravitaciya zasech' cunami? (May Gravity detect Tsunami ?) Authors: D.Fargion Comments: 6 pages Nazvanie stat'i otchasti provokacionno. Avtor rassmatrivaet vopros o tom, mogut li gravitacionno-volnovye detektory byt' ispol'zovany dlya srochnogo opovesheniya o krupnyh zemletryaseniyah i cunami. Krome togo rassmotreno izmenenie parametrov vrasheniya Zemli posle krupnyh katastrof. astro-ph/0412652 Al'ternativa temnoi materii: relyativistkaya MOND gravitaciya (An alternative to the dark matter paradigm: relativistic MOND gravitation) Authors: Jacob D. Bekenstein Comments: 18 pages, invited talk at the 28th Johns Hopkins Workshop on Current Problems in Particle Physics, June 2004, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; to appear in JHEP Conference Proceedings Vsem izvestno, chto takoe MOND, i kto takoi Bekenshtein. Odnako napomnim, chto MOND - eto modificirovannaya (fenomenologicheskaya) teoriya gravitacii, prizvannaya v pervuyu ochered' ob'yasnit' krivye vrasheniya galaktik bez ucheta temnoi materii za schet izmeneniya (modifikacii) zakona N'yutona. Yakov Bekenshtein - krupneishii specialist po gravitacii i chernym dyram. Chto mezhdu nimi obshego? Bekenshtein stroit teoriyu TeVeS (tensor-vector-scalar), kotoraya sochetaet v sebe predskazaniya MOND (t.e. krivye vrasheniya galaktik ob'yasnyayutsya bez temnogo veshestva) i rezul'taty testov obshei teorii otnositel'nosti v Solnechnoi sisteme. Konechno, rano govorit' o tom, chto vse problemy resheny. Tem ne menee mozhno ozhidat' diskussii sredi specialistov. astro-ph/0412656 Neobychaino iskrivlennyi dzhet v PKS 2136+141 (An extremely curved relativistic jet in PKS 2136+141) Authors: T. Savolainen et al. Comments: 4 pages. 3 figures. VLBI interferometriya kvazara PKS 2136+141 na neskol'kih dlinah voln (ot 2 do 43 GGc) pokazala prisutstvie v nem neobychaino iskrivlennogo (na 210 gradusov!) dzheta. Model', luchshe vsego ob'yasnyayushaya nablyudeniya, pokazana na risunke. Na pravom risunke: central'naya chast' dzheta v bol'shem masshtabe Sleduet zametit', chto pokazannyi risunok ochen' model'no zavisim. "Neobrabotannye" VLBI izobrazheniya etogo ob'ekta vyglyadyat sleduyushim obrazom. astro-ph/0412662 O polyarnyh shapkah "Treh Mushketerov" (On the polar caps of the 3 Musketeers) Authors: A. De Luca et al. Comments: 42 pages, 17 figures, accepted in ApJ Odinochnye neitronnye zvezdy PSR B0656+14, PSR B1055-52 i Geminga byli nazvany "Tremya Mushketerami" Bekerom i Tryumperom v 1997 godu. Nablyudeniya etoi troiki s borta XMM-Newton nastol'ko uvelichili kolichestvo zaregistrirovannyh kvantov, chto pozvolili poluchit' ih vysokotochnuyu sinhronnuyu (privyazannuyu k faze osevogo vrasheniya neitronnoi zvezdy) rentgenovskuyu spektroskopiyu. Spektry etih ob'ektov horosho opisyvayutsya trehkomponentnoi model'yu. Pervye dva komponenta yavlyayutsya teplovymi: pervyi - bolee holodnyi - po vidimomu ispuskaetsya vsei poverhnost'yu neitronnoi zvezdy. Istochnikom vtorogo, bolee goryachego, yavlyayutsya goryachie tochki - shapki na magnitnyh polyusah. Razmery shapok u etih treh pul'sarov sil'no razlichayutsya. I tretii stepennoi neteplovoi komponent, intensivnost' kotorogo menyaetsya sinhronno s fazoi vrasheniya. Ostal'nye podrobnosti (i grafiki spektrov) v stat'e. astro-ph/0412663 Evolyuciya plotnyh zvezdnyh skoplenii (Evolution of dense stellar clusters) Authors: G.S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan Comments: 8 pages, 1 figure; Pisma Astron. Zh., 4, 130-133 (March 1978) Mnogie klassicheskie stat'i, osobenno opublikovannye ne v troike vedushih zhurnalov, dostatochno maloizvestny i malocitiruemy prosto potomu, chto oni ne dostupny v Seti. Priyatno, chto nekotorye iz klassikov vykladyvayut svoi starye raboty v Set', da eshe i pryamo v Arhiv. Kak yasno iz nazvaniya, v stat'e rassmotrena evolyuciya plotnyh zvezdnyh skoplenii. Za schet vzaimodeistviya zvezd drug s drugom chast' iz nih vybrasyvaetsya iz skopleniya. Ostavshiesya obrazuyut vse bolee i bolee plotnoe skoplenie. V konce koncov skoplenie kollapsiruet. My budem starat'sya hotya by perechislit' interesnye (dlya shirokoi publiki) stat'i, poyavivshiesya v razdele physics (vklyuchaya cross-listing). hep-ph/0412297 Zametki po istorii kvantovoi hromodinamiki (Remarks on the History of Quantum Chromodynamics) Authors: Stephen L. Adler Comments: 12 pages. Letter to the Editor submitted to Physics Today. Prisuzhdenie Nobelevskoi premii Vil'cheku, Grossu i Politceru vyzvalo estestvennye diskussii, posvyashennye istorii rabot v oblasti kvantovoi hromodinamiki. Stefen Adler - izvestnyi fizik iz Prinstona - reshil vnesti svoi vklad v obsuzhdenie istorii voprosa. On kratko kommentiruet nekotorye sushestvennye detali, neopisannye ili nedostatochno horosho, po ego mneniyu, opisannye v stat'e v zhurnale Physics Today. physics/0412132 Brounovskoe dvizhenie dlya shkol'nikov (Brownian Motion for the School-Going Child) Authors: R.S. Bhalerao Comments: 10 pages, 2 figs. Elementary article meant for high-school children. Prepared on the occasion of "2005 International Year of Physics". Avtor pytaetsya izlozhit' osnovy broinovskogo dvizheniya na urovne, dostupnom shkol'nikam. Na nash vzglyad, eto emu udalos'. physics/0412134 Izuchenie Solnechnoi sistemy izmereniem uglov i momentov vremeni (Surveying the solar system by measuring angles and times: from the solar density to the gravitational constant) Authors: K. Capelle Comments: 12 pages, Eur. J. Phys. 25, p.605 (2004) Eto, konechno zhe, stat'ya pedagogicheskogo, nauchno-populyarnogo plana. Avtor pokazyvaet, kak mnogo interesnogo mozhno uznat' o Solnechnoi sisteme, provodya prosteishie izmereniya. physics/0412142 Slozhnosti v redaktirovanii nauchnyh rukopisei Einshteina (The Challenge of Editing Einstein's Scientific Manuscripts) Authors: Tilman Sauer Comments: 19 pages Kak yasno iz nazvaniya, stat'ya posvyashena istorii nauki, a imenno redaktirovaniyu nauchnyh rukopisei Einshteina. Issledovanie naslediya velikogo fizika - slozhnaya zadacha. Stremlenie sdelat' obshedostupnymi rabochie zapisi Einshteina natalkivaetsya na ser'eznye trudnosti. physics/0412148 Ot nablyudenii k gipotezam (From Observations to Hypotheses: Probabilistic Reasoning Versus Falsificationism and its Statistical Variations) Authors: G. D'Agostini Comments: 17 pages, 4 figures. Invited talk at the 2004 Vulcano Workshop on Frontier Objects in Astrophysics and Particle Physics, Vulcano (Italy) May 24-29, 2004. Nauka stoit na vozmozhnosti verifikacii vydvigaemyh gipotez. V stat'e s ves'ma obshih pozicii rassmatrivayutsya razlichnye podhody k proverke gipotez metodami statistiki. physics/0412171 Dinamika prodazh knig (The Dynamics of Book Sales: Endogenous versus Exogenous Shocks in Complex Networks) Authors: F. Deschatres, D. Sornette Comments: 44 pages with 15 figures Avtory proveli analiz dinamiki knizhnyh prodazh, pol'zuyas' dannymi ot Amazon.com (krupneishii portal po prodazham knig v Internete). Esli zadumat'sya, to dinamika dolzhna byt' pohozha na epidemiyu: kto-to kupil, ponravilos', posovetoval drugomu, tot kupil .... Odnako real'nost' neskol'ko slozhnee. Dlya teh, kto somnevaetsya v ser'eznosti issledovaniya, upomyanem, chto chast' rezul'tatov opublikovana zdes': Phys. Rev. Letts. 93 (22), 228701 (2004). Vernut'sya k nachalu stranicy

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