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Soderzhanie i bystryi perehod k razdelam obzora
Obnaruzhenie teplovogo izlucheniya vnesolnechnoi planety
Svyaz' mezhdu pryamym opticheskim i gamma izlucheniem gamma-vspleskov
Infrakrasnoe izluchenie ot vnesolnechnoi planety
Fizika elementarnyh chastic i inflyacionnaya kosmologiya
Otdel'nye stat'i
Iz razdela physics
Polnyi Arhiv predydushih vypuskov. Arhiv statei, voshedshih v vypuski s 01 iyulya 2002 g. po 31 marta 2003 g.
Razdely arhiva (s aprelya 2003 g.): Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki. Korotkoe esse ob elektronnyh preprintah. Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph 2001-2003 gg.
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Obzory preprintov astro-ph
Vypusk N102
astro-ph za 21 - 31 marta 2005 goda: izbrannye stat'i
Referaty otdel'nyh statei
Authors: Noam I Libeskind et al. Comments: 7 pages, 5 figures. Submitted to MNRAS
Nauka dvizhetsya vpered. S drugoi storony, nablyudeniya tozhe ne stoyat na meste. Postoyanno otkryvayutsya novye karlikovye galaktiki v neposredstvennoi blizosti ot nas. Krome togo, nedavno byla otkryta "temnaya galaktika" - sostoyashaya iz gaza, plotnost' kotorogo okazalas' nedostatochna dlya massovogo obrazovaniya zvezd. V dannoi stat'e obsuzhdaetsya sleduyushii interesnyi aspekt problemy sputnikov Mlechnogo Puti. Okazyvaetsya, chto oni raspredeleny ne sfericheski-simmetrichno, a obrazuyut dovol'no-taki ploskuyu strukturu (sm. risunok vnizu). Na risunkah pokazano polozhenie sputnikov Mlechnogo Puti (risunki vzyaty s saita www.astro.uu.se/~ns/). Odnako ploskaya struktura luchshe vydelyaetsya na sleduyushem risunke. Risunok iz stat'i astro-ph/0410421. Zdes' special'no vybrana proekciya, yasno demonstriruyushaya, chto sputniki nashei Galaktiki lezhat prakticheski v odnoi ploskosti. Libeskind i ego soavtory iz Velikobritanii, Kanady i Avstralii proveli chislennoe modelirovanie metodom mnogih tel (N-body) s cel'yu izucheniya prostranstvennogo raspredeleniya sputnikov galaktiki, podobnoi nashei. Rezul'taty pokazany na risunke.
Dostatochno ochevidno, chto sputniki i v samom dele obrazuyut dovol'no ploskuyu strukturu. Delo tut vot v chem. Sputniki otslezhivayut ne prosto raspredelenie temnoi materii (vse raschety provodilis' v ramkah CDM modeli). Sputniki otmechayut samye massivnye galo. Bolee melkie (o kotoryh my pisali) ostayutsya bezzvezdnymi. Massa nabiraetsya anizotropno za schet akkrecii. Vydelennye napravleniya svyazany s filomentarnoi strukturoi. Process, vklyuchayushii takuyu strukturu pokazan na risunke. Vse vremya krasnymi kruzhkami otslezhivaetsya polozhenie 11-ti naibolee massivnyh sputnikov. Krasnyi otrezok pokazyvaet masshtab (on sootvetstvuet soputstvuyushei dline 400 kpk). "Blin" obrazuetsya uzhe v samom nachale za schet kollapsa temnoi materii. Takzhe kak i v real'noi situacii v raschetah polozhenie ploskosti, v kotoroi lezhat sputniki, okazalos' prakticheski perpendikulyarnyh ploskosti galaktiki.
Authors: E. V. Gotthelf et al. Comments: 8 pages, 4 Figues. Latex, emulateapj.sty. To appear in the Astrophysical Journal U central'nogo kompaktnogo istochnika v ostatke sverhnovoi Kes 79 obnaruzhen period 105 millisekund. Period byl zamechen po rentgenovskim nablyudeniyam na sputnike XMM-Newton. Napomnim, chto v poslednie gody radiopul'sary poteryali svoi status "polnomochnyh predstavitelei" molodyh neitronnyh zvezd. Yasno, chto lish' nekotoraya (hotya i znachitel'naya) chast' molodyh neitronnyh zvezd proyavlyaet sebya kak obychnye radiopul'sary. Drugie vyglyadyat sovsem po-drugomu. Mozhno upomyanut' istochniki myagkih povtoryayushihsya gamma-vspleskov, anomal'nye rentgenovskie pul'sary, Velikolepnuyu semerku, kompaktnye istochniki v ostatkah sverhnovyh. K poslednemu klassu kak raz i otnositsya geroi rassmatrivaemoi stat'i.
V radiodiapazone etot pul'sar ne nablyudaetsya. Bolee togo, otsutstvuet dazhe pul'sarnaya tumannost', t.e. nel'zya skazat', chto aktivnyi pul'sar est', prosto ego luch ne popadaet na nas. Po vsei vidimosti pul'sar rodilsya s periodom, blizkim k nablyudaemomu, i s ne ochen' bol'shim magnitnym polem (po krainei mere <3 1012 Gs).
Authors: D.M. Alexander et al. Comments: 5 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Nature on 7th April Kak izvestno, sushestvuet problema s tempom rosta sverhmassivnyh chernyh dyr v centrah galaktik. Sut' problemy v tom, chto uzhe na dovol'no bol'shih krasnyh smesheniyah my vidim moshnye kvazary, t.e. uzhe sformirovalis' massivnye (okolo sotni millionov mass solnca) chernye dyry. Pri etom vremeni na nabor massy u nih bylo nemnogo. Predpolagalos' sushestvovanie do-kvazarnoi stadii evolyucii, kogda obrazovyvalis' massivnye galaktiki (t.e. shlo zvezdoobrazovanie) i odnovremenno nabiralas' massa chernymi dyrami. Avtory issledovali v rentgenovskom diapazone dalekie galaktiki, yarkie v submillimetrovom diapazone (moshnoe izluchenie na etih dlinah voln svidetel'svuet o moshnom obrazovanii zvezd). Esli by odnovremenno chernye dyry aktivno nabirali massu, to bylo by zaregistrirovano ih rentgenovskoe izluchenie. I ono bylo zaregistrirovano!
Authors: David Charbonneau et al. Comments: 20 pages, 4 figures, to appear in the Astrophysical Journal, 20 June 2005 S pomosh'yu infrakrasnyh nablyudenii na kosmicheskom teleskope im. Spitcera (Spitzer Space Telescope) vpervye neposredstvenno obnaruzheno izluchenie ekzoplanety. Rech' idet o planete TrES-1. Ona periodicheski prohodit po disku svoei zvezdy (t.e. my nahodimsya vblizi ploskosti orbity etoi sistemy). Ochevidno (osobenno tem, kto horosho znaet, kak vyglyadyat krivye bleska zatmennyh-peremennyh), chto inogda planeta prohodit ZA zvezdoi, chto mozhet privodit' k nalichiyu vtorichnogo minimuma. Tak vot vtorichnyi minimum obnaruzhen! T.e. vne minimuma planeta vnosit zametnyi (hotya i ochen' nebol'shoi) vklad v polnoe izluchenie sistemy. Avtory poluchayut ocenku temperatury planety (okolo 1000 gradusov Kel'vina), a takzhe utochnyayut orbital'nye parametry. Teoreticheskuyu interpretaciyu rezul'tatov mozhno naiti v stat'e Burrows et al. astro-ph/0503522. Sm. takzhe nizhe stat'yu astro-ph/0503554.
Authors: L3 Collaboration, P. Achard, et al Comments: 35 pages, CERN-PH-EP/2004-076 Poka v CERNe bylo zatish'e s rabotoi na uskoritelyah, svyazannoe so stroitel'stvom novogo, nauchnye gruppy iskali inoe primenenie svoim sposobnostyam i apparature. V chastnosti, nekotorye obratili svoi vzor k nebu. Vselennaya, kak izvestno, - eto uskoritel' dlya bednyh. Komande L3 udalos' zametit' ten' ot Luny pri nablyudenii kosmicheskih luchei vysokih energii.
Na risunke bolee svetlye mesta sootvetstvuyut deficitu sobytii. Kruzhkom pokazano polozhenie Luny.
Authors: C. H. Blake et al. Comments: Accepted to Nature on March 1, 2005. 9 pages, 4 figures S pomosh'yu nazemnogo teleskopa-robota vpervye udalos' zaregistrirovat' rannee izluchenie gamma-vspleska v IK diapazone. Vsplesk GRB 041219a udalos' zaregistrirovat' na etih dlinnyh volnah vsego spustya 7.2 minuty posle nachala vspyshki. Bezuslovno, eti dannye pomogut luchshe ponyat' mehanizm gamma-vspleskov. Nizhe privodyatsya takzhe dannye ob opticheskoi vspyshke, soprovozhdavshei etot vsplesk.
Authors: Travis S. Metcalfe Comments: 3 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, accepted for publication in BAAS Pokazano, chto razmeshenie stat'i v Arhive preprintov primerno vdvoe povyshaet ee citiruemost'. T.o., dazhe esli stat'ya publikuetsya v izvestnom zhurnale, chitayut ee v osnovnom vse ravno v Arhive! Risknem predpolozhit', chto v nedalekom budushem za zhurnalami ostanetsya v osnovnom recenzionnaya funkciya, a chitat' stat'i budut v svobodnyh arhivah (ili zhe zhurnaly budut gorazdo shire otkryvat' dostup k elektronnym versiyam svoih statei pri nalichii kakih-to centralizovannyh mest dlya anonsov poyavivshihsya statei).
Authors: Bruno Lopez, Jean Schneider, William C. Danchi Comments: 30 pages Stadiya giganta dostatochno skorotechna - ona sostavlyaet menee 10 procentov zhizni zvezdy. Tem ne menee, dlya zvezd s massoi poryadka massy Solnca sushestvovanie "poyasa zhizni" (opredelyaemogo v pervuyu ochered' vozmozhnost' sushestvovaniya zhidkoi vody) na stadii krasnogo giganta sostavlyaet sotni millionov let. T.k. est' ukazaniya, chto zhizn' na Zemle poyavilas' menee chem za milliard let, to razumno obsudit' perspektivy obnaruzheniya zhizni (konechno, v primitivnyh formah) vokrug krasnyh gigantov, chto avtory i delayut.
Authors: W.T. Vestrand et al. Comments: 9 pages, 4 figures NOTE: This paper has been accepted for publication in Nature Rech' idet o registracii opticheskogo izucheniya gamma-vspleska 041219a. Vsego lish' vo vtoroi raz udalos' poimat' vsplesk v optike pryamo v moment osnovnoi vspyshki v gamma-diapazone. Udalos' eto teper' s pomosh'yu ustanovki RAPTOR. Opticheskaya ekspoziciya nachalas' vsego lish' na 8 sekund pozdnee gamma impul'sa (signal o nachale vspleska postupil so sputnika Integral). T.k. vsplesk okazalsya dlinnym, to est' kusok, dlya kotorogo est' i gamma, i opticheskie dannye. V otlichie ot pervogo sluchaya sovmestnoi zapisi opticheskogo i gamma izlucheniya na etot raz potoki okazalis' dostatochno korrelirovannymi. Tak chto, nesmotrya na poluchenie novyh vazhnyh dannyh, kartina stanovitsya, vozmozhno, bolee zaputannoi.
Authors: T.A. Lozinskaya et al. Comments: to appear in Astronomy Letters, 12 pages, 6 postscript figures, two in colour; for a version with high resolution figures see http://www.sao.ru/hq/grb/team/vkom/CTB80_fine.pdf Vpervye po issledovaniyu pul'sarnoi tumannosti udalos' opredelit' skorost' pul'sara vdol' lucha zreniya. Ona okazalas' dovol'no bol'shoi - okolo 500 km/s, chto prevoshodit ego skorost' v ploskosti nebesnoi sfery.
Authors: Leonard Susskind Comments: 6 pages Rassmatrivayutsya nekotorye aspekty vozmozhnostei peremesheniya cherez t.n. Chervotochiny (Wormholes). Avtor pokazyvaet, chto soobshenie cherez takoi tonnel' budet narushat' dva fundamental'nyh fizicheskih principa: lokal'noe sohranenie energii i princip neopredelennosti (v primenenii k pare vremya-energiya). T.o., zaklyuchaet Sasskind, v ramkah izvestnoi fiziki sozdanie mashiny vremeni vryad li vozmozhno.
Authors: Beth Willman et al. Comments: Submitted to ApJL Otkryt ocherednoi karlikovyi sputnik nashei Galaktiki. Koordinaty novogo ob'ekta 158.72 (pryamoe voshozhdenie) i 51.92 (sklonenie), t.e. on nahoditsya v sozvezdii Bol'shoi Medvedicy. Odnako konechno, razglyadet' ego v lyubitel'skie teleskopy ne poluchitsya. A obnaruzhili ego po dannym Sloanovskogo cifrovogo obzora neba. Vozmozhno, chto otkrytaya karlikovaya sferoidal'naya galaktika postavila rekord po svoei neulovimosti: polnaya svetimost' i poverhnostnaya yarkost' nashego novogo sputnika chrezvychaino nizki. Rasstoyanie do galaktiki sostavlyaet okolo 100 kpk.
Authors: Drake Deming, Sara Seager, L. Jeremy Richardson, Joseph Harrington Comments: to appear in Nature April 7, posted to Nature online March 23 (11 pages, 3 figures) Zaregistrirovano IK (24 mikrona) izluchenie goryachego yupitera HD 209458b. Takzhe kak i v sluchae TrES-1 rezul'tat dostignut blagodarya zatmeniyam v sisteme.
Authors: Barry F. Madore Comments: invited review; to be published in "The Spectral Energy Distribution of Gas-Rich Galaxies: Confronting Models with Data", 4-8 October 2004, Heidelberg, eds. Cristina C. Popescu and Richard J. Tuffs, AIP Conf. Ser.; for a high resolution version see http://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/March05/Madore/frames.html My neodnokratno pisali o rabote i rezul'tatah sputnika GALEX, issleduyushego evolyuciyu galaktik (dazhe odna iz tem vypuska byla celikom posvyashena rezul'tatam s etogo sputnika). Zdes' zhe v odnoi stat'e mozhno naiti vse vazhneishie svezhie rezul'taty.
Authors: Andrei Linde Comments: 270 pages, 35 figures Linde nachal vykladyvat' svoi knigi v Arhiv!!!!!!! Nikakih kommentariev. Dobavim, pravda, chto poyavilas' i novaya obzornaya lekciya Linde Inflation and String Cosmology.
Authors: Aigen Li Comments: invited review article for the "Light, Dust and Chemical Evolution" conference (Gerace, Italy, 26--30 September 2004), edited by F. Borghese and R. Saija, 2005, in press Aigen Li vylozhil neskol'ko svoih obzorov, posvyashennyh mezhzvezdnoi pyli. Semidesyatipyatiletie, upomyanutoe v zagolovke svyazano so stat'ei Tryumplera 1930 g., gde vpervye dostoverno bylo pokazano nalichie mezhzvezdnoi pyli. Drugie obzory togo zhe avtora - eto stat'i astro-ph/0503567 i astro-ph/0503271
Authors: Douglas C. Heggie Comments: 29 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Encyclopaedia of Mathematical Physics, Elsevier, 2006 Obshirnaya enciklopedicheskaya stat'ya, posvyashennaya metodu mnogih tel v gravitacii. Vse znayut, chto uzhe zadacha treh tel v obshem vide ne imeet polnogo analiticheskogo resheniya. Odnako v astronomii splosh' i ryadom vstrechayutsya situacii vzaimodeistviya mnozhestva ob'ektov. Dlya resheniya takih zadach byli razrabotany kak chislennye, tak i priblizhennye analiticheskie metody. Obo vsem etom - v stat'e.
Authors: S. Piatek et al. Comments: AJ, accepted; 23 pages, 17 figures (Fig. 1 abridged), 5 tables Ne znayu kak vam, a mne (S.P.) porazitel'no, chto mozhno izmeryat' sobstvennye dvizheniya galaktik (pust' i blizkih) po opticheskim nablyudeniyam.
Authors: Michael Werner Comments: 12 pages, 3 figures; to appear in proceedings of "The Spitzer Space Telescope: New Views of the Cosmos" Istoriya kazhdogo bol'shogo kosmicheskogo proekta nachinaetsya zadolgo doego zapuska. V sluchae SIRTF - Kosmicheskogo teleskopa im. Spitcera - ot zamysla do realizacii proshlo bolee 30 let. Odin iz neposredstvennyh uchastnikov vseh etih sobytii predstavlyaet svoi vzglyad na istoriyu sozdaniya kosmicheskoi observatorii.
Authors: Adrian L. Melott et al. Comments: 13 pages Po sovremennym ocenkam gamma-vspleski proishodyat v Galaktike raz v desyatki tysyach let. Iz-za napravlennosti izlucheniya na Zemle galakticheskie vspleski byli by vidny primerno raz v neskol'ko millionov let. Nebol'shaya dolya iz nih mogla by byt' dostochno blizkimi, chtoby ser'ezno vozdeistvovat' na zemnuyu biosferu. Tem takih sobytii ocenivaetsya primerno raz v milliard let. Avtory rassmatrivayut posledstviya blizkogo gamma-vspleska, i privodyat argumenty v pol'zu togo, chto odna iz katastrof v zemnoi istorii mogla byt' svyazana s podobnym sobytiem.
Authors: A. Dey et al. Comments: 37 pages (includes 11 figures). Accepted to ApJ Vsem izvestny gazovye tumannosti, svyazannye s oblastyami obrazovaniya zvezd. A vot, pohozhe, otkryt analog, no uzhe na galakticheskih masshtabah.
Nazemnye nablyudeniya i nablyudeniya na Spitcerovskom kosmicheskom teleskope obnaruzhili gigantskuyu (200 kpk) tumannost', vnutri kotoroi obnaruzheno aktivnoe galakticheskoe yadro i molodaya galaktika s moshnym zvezdoobrazovaniem. Est' osnovaniya polagat', chto vnutri tumannosti est' i drugie podobnye ob'ekty. T.o. avtory vyskazyvayut gipotezu, chto tumannost' svyazana s oblast'yu mnozhestvennogo formirovaniya galaktik i aktivnyh yader. Fotografiya sootvetstvuet I-diapazonu. Na izobrazhenii krasnym krestom otmecheno polozhenie IK-istochnika, nablyudaemogo na dline volny 8 mikron. Kontury sootvetstvuyut Laiman-al'fa izlucheniyu. A i B - dve galaktiki.
Authors: B. Scott Gaudi et al. Comments: 7 pages, 3 figures, 2.5 tables, submitted to ApJL. Poluchena ocenka perioda vrasheniya Sedny. Ocenka ochen' priblizitel'naya. Sostavlyaet ona okolo 10 chasov, chto nahoditsya v sootvetstvii s ozhidaemym.
Authors: Max Tegmark Comments: 4 pages, 2 figs, in "Neutrino Physics", Proceedings of Nobel Symposium 129, eds., L Bergstrom, O. Botner, P. Carlson, P. O. Hulth, and T. Ohlsson
Kratko obsuzhdayutsya sovremennye predely na massu neitrino, poluchennye po
dannym kosmologicheskih issledovanii. Rezul'tat sostavyalet 0.42 eV. Eto
ustupaet dannym po atmosfernym neitrino. Odnako avtor obsuzhdaet, kak v
blizhaishee vremya iz kosmologii mozhno poluchit' bolee tochnye dannye.
My budem starat'sya hotya by perechislit' interesnye (dlya shirokoi publiki) stat'i, poyavivshiesya v razdele physics (vklyuchaya cross-listing).
Authors: H.Pierre Noyes, James Lindesay Comments: 22 pages Prakticheski "filosofskoe" esse o budushem vselennoi i cheloveka s tochki zreniya sovremennoi nauki.
Authors: Ivan Todorov Comments: Lecture at a Conference, dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the re-establishment of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Sofia, Bulgaria, October 2003. Nebol'shaya stat'ya, posvyashennaya Geizenbergu. Avtor rasskazyvaet ne tol'ko o ego nauchnyh rabotah, no i o slozhnyh perepetiyah ego zhizni.
Authors: Gordon Baym, Frederick K. Lamb Comments: Encyclopedia of Physics 3rd ed., R.G. Lerner and G.L. Trigg, eds., Wiley-VCH, Berlin Enciklopedicheskaya stat'ya o neitronnyh zvezdah. Rekomenduetsya vsem k obyazatel'nomu prochteniyu. |
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