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Infrakrasnaya astronomicheskaya missiya AKARI Zapusk kosmicheskogo eksperimenta PAMELA Pervaya registraciya solnechnyh berillievyh neitrino na Boreksino v rezhime real'nogo vremeni Registraciya vysokoenergichnyh gamma-luchei ot zimnih grozovyh oblakov
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Polnyi Arhiv predydushih vypuskov. Arhiv statei, voshedshih v vypuski s 01 iyulya 2002 g. po 31 marta 2003 g.
Arhiv na 14.04.2006
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Razdely arhiva (s aprelya 2003 g.): Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki. Korotkoe esse ob elektronnyh preprintah. Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph 2001-2003 gg.
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Vypusk N166
astro-ph za 14 - 24 avgusta 2007 goda: izbrannye stat'i
Referaty otdel'nyh statei
Authors: S. Karino Comments: 13 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ V teorii radiopul'sarov, gde voobshe mnogo belyh pyaten, est' vazhnyi nereshennyi vopros. Svyazan on s izmeneniem ugla mezhdu os'yu vrasheniya i os'yu magnitnogo dipolya. V modeli magnito-dipol'nyh poter' etot ugol umen'shaetsya (osi stremyatsya stat' parallel'nymi drug drugu). V modeli tokovyh poter' (Beskin, Gurevich, Istomin) - ugol stremitsya k 90 gradusam. Dannye po radiopul'saram ne dayut vozmozhnosti vybrat' mezhdu dvumya variantami. Nekotoroe vremya nazad mne stalo yasno, chto mogut pomoch' rentgenovskie pul'sary, osobenno v sistemah, gde kompan'onom yavlyaetsya massivnaya zvezda, a akkreciya idet iz zvezdnogo vetra. V takih sistemah proshlo malo vremeni s teh por, kak neitronnaya zvezda ushla so stadii ezhekcii. Krome togo, akkrecionnyi potok takov, chto sam on ne mozhet sushestvenno povliyat' na ugol. Znachit, izuchiv raspredelenie uglov dlya neitronnyh zvezd v takih sistemah, mozhno uznat', kakimi byli ugly na moment okonchaniya stadii ezhekcii. Odnako opredelit' ugol dlya rentgenovskogo pul'sara tozhe ne ochen' prosto. Dlya etogo nado postroit' dovol'no slozhnuyu model'. Imenno eto i sdelano avtorom predlagaemoi stat'i. Avtor postroil model' izlucheniya rentgenovskogo pul'sara. Dlya 117 istochnikov polucheny ocenki uglov. Oni pokazyvayut, chto ugly neveliki. Avtor ne obsuzhdaet opisannyi vyshe aspekt - "eksgumaciyu" radiopul'sarov dlya opredeleniya povedeniya uglov na stadii ezhekcii. Odnako na moi vzglyad, rezul'taty svidedel'stvuyut v pol'zu togo, chto ugly ne stremyatsya k 90 gradusam. Pravda, eto ne oznachaet, chto model' tokovyh poter' neverna. Deistvitel'nost' neskol'ko slozhnee. Delo v tom, chto na vtoroi chasti stadii ezhekcii - stadii mertvogo radiopul'sara - ugol mozhet evolyucionirovat' v storonu umen'sheniya. No po krainei mere yasno, chto v itoge6 na moment okonchaniya stadii ezhekcii, ugly maly.
Authors: H. Murakami et al. Comments: 13 pages, 4 figures, and 3 tables. Accepted for publication in the AKARI special issue of the Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan V 2006 godu byl zapushen yaponskii sputnik AKARI, prednaznachennyi dlya infrakrasnyh nablyudenii. Na bortu est' 70-santimetrovyi ohlazhdaemyi teleskop. Missiya dostatochno uspeshno rabotaet. Pervomu godu raboty apparata budet posvyashen special'nyi nomer PASJ (zhurnal astronomicheskogo obshestva Yaponii). Navernoe, vse stat'i nomera poyavyatsya v Arhive, no nachinat', konechno, luchshe s etoi stat'i, soderzhashei obshee opisanie missii. Rezul'taty otdel'nyh nablyudenii, a takzhe opisanie raboty razlichnyh uzlov sputnika mozhno naiti v drugih stat'yah.
Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve
ru_astroph.
Authors: M. Casolino et al. Comments: Accepted for publication on Advances in Space Research Takzhe bolee goda rabotaet na orbite ital'yansko-rossiiskii sputnik PAMELA. On prednaznachen dlya izucheniya kosmicheskih luchei. Osobuyu rol' v programme zanimaet poisk antiyader (antiprotony i bolee tyazhelye). V stat'e eshe raz opisyvaetsya eksperiment, ego zadachi, i rezul'taty pervyh mesyacev raboty.
Authors: Shay Zucker, Tsevi Mazeh, Tal Alexander Comments: 15 pages, 4 figures, accpeted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal V 2003 godu Loeb i Gaudi otmetili, chto orbital'noe dvizhenie zvezdy za schet relyativistskih effektov mozhet privodit' v slabomu, no dostatochnomu dlya registracii na budushih kosmicheskih missiyah, izmeneniyu bleska. V novoi stat'e avtory detal'nee rassmatrivayut nekotorye effekty v prilozhenii k missiyam CoRot i Kepler. Hotya rech' idet ob izmenenii bleska na neskol'ko sotyh dolei procenta, tem ne menee eti sputniki sposobny zaregistrirovat' effekt. Sootvetstvenno, esli on budet obnaruzhen (a eto lish' vopros tehniki), to mozhno budet vydelit' novyi tip peremennosti svyazannyi s relyativistskoi fokusirovkoi.
Authors: Borexino Collaboration Comments: Paper submitted to PRLB. 9 pages, 6 figures (EPS) Borexino - neitrinnyi eksperiment, ustanovlennyi v laboratorii Gran Sasso. S ego pomosh'yu vpervye udalos' zaregistrirovat' t.n. berillievye neitrino ot Solnca v rezhime real'nogo vremeni. Eto pervyi sluchai takoi registracii neitrino s energiei menee 1 MeV.
Authors: R. N. Manchester Comments: 10 pages, 3 figures. To appear in "Supernova 1987A: Twenty Years After: Supernovae and Gamma-Ray Bursters", edited by S. Immler, K. W. Weiler and R. McCray, American Institute of Physics, New York, 2007, in press Opisany rannie i nedavnie poiski radiopul'sara (ili proyavlenii ego aktivnosti) na meste vzryva sverhnovoi 1987 g. v Bol'shom Magellanovom oblake. Rezul'taty vo vseh diapazonah otricatel'nye. Tem ne menee, eto poka nichemu ne protivorechit. Esli neitronnaya zvezda rodilas' s ne slishkom bol'shim magnitnym polem i ne slishkom korotkim periodom (a poslednie dannye ukazyvayut na to, chto takova sud'ba mnogih kompaktnyh ob'ektov etogo tipa), to my poka i ne dolzhny videt' fenomeny, svyazannye s pul'sarnoi aktivnost'yu. Mnogim budet interesno pochitat' o mnozhestve oshibochnyh zayavlenii ob obnaruzhenii pul'sara, osobenno vskore posle vzryva (razumeetsya, sleduet govorit' ne o vremeni vzryva, a o vremeni ego registracii na Zemle).
Authors: T. H. Hankins, J. A. Eilek Comments: 26 pages, 10 figures, to appear in ApJ Nablyudeniya pul'sara v Krabe s vysokim vremennym razresheniem pokazali, chto osnovnoi impul's po svoim svoistvam principial'no otlichaetsya ot interimpul'sa (avtory regulyarno upotryablyayut slovo astonished, chtoby oharakterizovat' svoe vpechatlenie ot obnaruzhennyh otlichii). Po vsei vidimosti za osnovnoi impul's i interpul'sy otvetstvenny raznye mehanizmy izlucheniya (a vo vseh osnovnyh modelyah do sih por polagali, chto mehanizm odin, i razlichie ob'yasnyaetsya geometriei). Na moi vzglyad eto dolzhno horosho uvyazyvat'sya s nedavnimi rezul'tatami rossiiskih uchenyh (na kotorye avtory rassmatrivaemoi stat'i pochemu-to ne soslalis').
Krab otbivaet nanodrob'
Authors: V. V. Vassiliev, S. J. Fegan Comments: 4 pages, 6 figures, in Proc. 30th International Cosmic Ray Conference, Merida, Mexico, 2007 V poslednie gody nazemnaya gamma-astronomiya (H.E.S.S., MAGIC, etc.) daet kolossal'noe kolichestvo arhiinteresnyh rezul'tatov. Sootvetstvenno, lyudi dumayut, kak ei razvivat'sya dal'she. Naprimer, kakie instrumenty stroit'. Avtory predlagayut rassmotret' vozmozhnost' sozdaniya dvuhzerkal'nyh (t.e. so vtorichnoi otrazhayushei poverhnost'yu) teleskopov vzamen ispol'zuemym odnozerkal'nym (detektory stoyat v pryamom fokuse.
Authors: Igor V. Moskalenko, Troy A. Porter Comments: 6 pages, 4 figures, emulateapj.cls; to appear in the Astrophysical Journal Avtory detal'no vychislyayut al'bedo v gamma-luchah razlichnyh energii. Okazyvaetsya, pri nalichii horoshih vychislenii i kalibrovki (s poslednim dolzhen pomoch' sputnik PAMELA) mozhno po gamma-dannym (naprimer so sputnika GLAST ili AGILE) monitorirovat' spektr (ne potok, a imenno spektr!) kosmicheskih luchei okolo Zemli.
Authors: Masao Sako et al. Comments: Submitted to The Astronomical Journal (66 pages, 13 figures) Sloanovskii cifrovoi obzor neba estestvenno mozhet sluzhit' instrumentom dlya poiska razlichnyh opticheskih tranzientov, v tom chisle i vspyshek sverhnovyh. Poslednih obnaruzheno uzhe ne malo (sotni). Avtory opisyvayut algoritm poiska sverhnovyh v SDSS. O tehnicheskih detalyah sm. takzhe arxiv:0708.2749
Authors: Robert C. Nichol Comments: Invited review for a special issue of "General Relativity and Gravitation" on Dark Energy, 16 pages Daetsya obzor togo, chto mogut skazat' o kosmologicheskih parametrah dannye o prostranstvennom raspredelenii galatik. Rassmatrivaetsya trehmernoe raspredelenie galaktik, a takzhe integrirovannyi effekt Saksa-Vol'fa.
Authors: Jorge Noronha, Armen Sedrakian Comments: 5 pages, 3 figures, uses RevTex V neitronnyh zvezdah veshestvo mozhet nahodit'sya v sverhtekuchem sostoyanii. Pri vrashenii sverhtekuchaya zhidkost' razbivaetsya na vihri. V 1966 g. Tkachenko pokazal, chto po sisteme takih vihrei mozhet "gulyat' volna": vihri budut to blizhe drug k drugu, to - dal'she. V 1970 g. Ruderman poproboval prilozhit' etu ideyu v pul'saram: ved' volny Tkachenko dolzhny menyat' moment inercii neitronnoi zvezdy, t.e. vyzyvat' izmenenie perioda vrasheniya. Togda dumali, chto u pul'sara v Krabe nablyudayutsya kolebaniya perioda na vremenah poryadka neskol'kih mesyacev. Ih-to i hotel ob'yasnit' Ruderman. Kak okazalos', u Kraba nikakih kolebanii net - i pro ideyu pochti zabyli. I vot k idee snova vozvrashayutsya! Avtory probuyut kolichestvenno ob'yasnit' periodicheskuyu modulyaciyu vrasheniya pul'sara 1828-11 za schet voln Tkachenko. Vrode by vse shoditsya. Mne lichno eta rabota interesno v svyazi s vozmozhnost'yu ob'yasnit' precessiyu istochnika RX J0720.4-3125. Period vrasheniya neitronnoi zvezdy i period kolebanii, svyazannyh s volnami Tkachenko, zhestko privyazany drug k drugu. Period zapodozrennoi precessii v istochnike RX J0720.4-3125 sovpadaet s ozhidaemym periodom voln Tkachenko. Mehanizm voniknoveniya precessii mozhet byt' takim. Glitch (a on, po vsei vidimosti nablyudalsya u RX J0720.4-3125) generiruet volny Tkachenko. Zatem, esli chastota voln Tkachenko i vozmozhnaya chastota precessii neitronnoi zvezdy, opredelyaemaya ee szhatiem, sovpadayut, energiya voln Tkachenko mozhet perekachivat'sya v precessionnoe dvizhenie. Redkost' svobodnoi precessii u neitronnyh zvezd ob'yasnyaetsya tem, chto redko chastota voln Tkachenko sovpadaet s chastotoi precessii. opredelyaemoi szhatiem zvezdy. Pravda, sverhtekuchest' v neitronnyh zvezdah mozhet podavlyat' dolgoperiodicheskuyu precessiyu, no vcherashnyaya stat'ya Giampedakis et al. pokazyvaet, chto dlya dolgoperiodicheskih pul'sarov problemy net.
Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve
ru_astroph.
Authors: H. Bartko Comments: Mod. Phys. Lett. A, Vol. 22, No. 29 (2007) pp. 2167-2174 Poskol'ku seichas nazemnaya gamma-astronomiya perezhivaet period burnogo rosta, ya stremlyus' obrashat' vnimanie na tekushie obzory, ibo bystro poyavlyayutsya novye dannye. Daetsya kratkii obzor osnovnyh rezul'tatov, poluchennyh na teleskope MAGIC po istochnikam v nashei Galaktike (ostatki svehnovyh, pul'sary, dvoinye sistemy). Zaodno otmechu novyi rezul'tat H.E.S.S.: otkrytie gamma-izlucheniya ot eshe odnogo blazara (1ES 0347-121). Ob etom mozhno pochitat' v stat'e arxiv:0708.3021.
Authors: H. Tsuchiya et al. Comments: 12 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters 6 yanvarya etogo goda po vremya sil'noi grozy vblizi Yaponii bylo zaregistrirovano vspyshechnoe gamma-izluchenie. Signal dlilsya 40 sekund. Spektr tyanulsya do 10 MeV. Avtory pishut, chto eto pervoe pryamoe ukazanie na to, chto elektrony mogut uskoryat'sya pri grozah do energii vyshe 10 MeV do grozovogo razryada. Gamma-izluchenie takih energii ot groz videli i ran'she. Klyuchevoi moment, chto vsplesk voznik do razryada (sm. risunok).
Sravnite dve verhnie kartinki, na kotoryh pokazan schet gamma-kvantov, s chetvertoi, na kotoroi pokazano pole. Vidno, chto vsplesk proizoshel do razryada. Razryad proizoshel posle opticheskoi vspyshki (pervyi pik na risunke (c)).
Obsudit' v ZhZh-soobshestve
ru_astroph.
Authors: Ewine F. van Dishoeck, Jes K. Jorgensen Comments: Invited review, 8 pages, 5 figures; to appear in the proceedings of "Science with ALMA: a New Era for Astrophysics". Astrophysics & Space Science, in press Mnogie, navernoe, videli v EvroN'yus syuzhet pro proekt ALMA. V stat'e daetsya kratkii obzor po odnomu iz napravlenii issledovanii na ALMA. Odna iz osnovnyh zadach proekta - prolit' svet na formirovanie zvezd i planet. Ozhidaetsya, chto mozhno budet rassmotret' protoplanetnye diski s prostranstvennym razresheniem do 1 a.e.!
Authors: T. Murphy et al. Comments: 12 pages, 9 figures, to be published in MNRAS Predstavleny dannye vtoroi epohi obzora galakticheskoi ploskosti, provodimogo na chastote 843 MGc v observatorii Molonglo. Pokryta oblast' neba s galakticheskoi shirotoi do 10 gradusov, i dolgotoi ot 245 do 365 gradusov. V dannoi stat'e opisany rezul'taty, poluchennye po kompaktnym istochnikam. Voshlo 48 850 ob'ektov.
My budem starat'sya hotya by perechislit' interesnye (dlya shirokoi publiki) stat'i, poyavivshiesya v razdele physics (vklyuchaya cross-listing).
Authors: F. Alexander Bais, J. Doyne Farmer Comments: The paper has 64 pages and 9 figures. It is a contribution to "The handbook on the philosophy of information", edited by J. van Benthem and P. Adriaans, to be published by Elsevier Za strannovatym nazvaniem kroetsya dostupnoe vvedenie v te razdely statfiziki, kotorye tak ili inache imeyut otnoshenie k ponyatiyu "informaciya".
Authors: Erasmo Recami Comments: (i) English version: Article of 12 pages [appeared, in similar forms, in Proc.Sc.-Internat.Conf.Majorana's Legacy and Phys.of XXI Century (Sissa;Trieste,2006), and in EJTP 3(10) (2006) 1-10]. (ii) Italian version: Article of 21 pages [appeared, in similar form, in the journ. Ital.assoc.phys.teachers (AIF), La Fisica nella Scuola 39 (2006),issue no.1] Nebol'shoi ocherk, posvyashennyi kul'tovoi dlya ital'yanskoi fiziki figure - Ettore Maiorane.
Predstavleny angliiskii i ital'yanskii varianty stat'i.
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