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Obzory preprintov astro-ph
Vypusk N176
astro-ph za 20 dekabrya 2007 - 09 yanvarya 2008 goda goda: izbrannye stat'i
Referaty otdel'nyh statei
Authors: H.-Th. Janka, A. Marek, B. Mueller, L. Scheck Comments: 10 pages, 8 figures, 19 ps files; to be published in Proc. of Conf. "40 Years of Pulsars: Millisecond Pulsars, Magnetars, and More", August 12-17, 2007, McGill Univ., Montreal, Canada; Za gromkim nazvaniem skryvaetsya ne obzor obshirneishei tematiki ili predstavlenie istiny v poslednei instancii, a podrobnyi rasskaz o novyh rezul'tatah, poluchennyh avtorami pri chislennom modelirovanii vzryvov sverhnovyh. Novaya versiya programmy pozvolila obnaruzhit' razvitie eshe odnoi gidrodinamicheskoi neustoichivosti, a takzhe pozvolila luchshe izuchit' vozniknovenie vozmushenii v yadre i na poverhnosti novorozhdennoi neitronnoi zvezdy.
Authors: M. Plionis, M. Rovilos, S. Basilakos, I. Georgantopoulos, F. Bauer Comments: 4 pages, ApJ Letters accepted Ispol'zuya dannye severnogo i yuzhnogo glubokih snimkov Chandry, avtory analiziruyut skuchivanie galaktik s aktivnymi yadrami dlya raznyh diapazonov potokov. Na bOl'shih potokah masshtab skuchivaniya uvelichivaetsya. Avtory pokazyvayut, chto vyvod dlya potokov mozhet byt' rasprostranen i na svetimosti, t.k. nikakoi zavisimosti ot krasnogo smesheniya (t.e. rasstoyaniya) ne vidno.
Authors: M. H. van Kerkwijk, D. L. Kaplan Comments: 4 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables; accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal (Letters) Eto blizhaishaya iz izvestnyh neitronnyh zvezd, odin iz ob'ektov Velikolepnoi semerki. Ee period - okolo 7 sekund. Teper' zhe udalos' tochno pomerit' i proizvodnuyu perioda. Esli iz nee poluchit' ocenku magnitnogo polya po magnito-dipol'noi formule, to vyidet 1.5 1013 Gs. Eto normal'no dlya ob'ektov Semerki. Odnako harakteristicheskii vozrast okazyvaetsya 4 milliona let, chto namnogo bol'she i ocenki po ostyvaniyu, i kinematicheskogo vozrasta. Znachit, nachal'nyi period dolzhen byl byt' dostatochno bol'shim (ili magnito-dipol'naya formula neprimenima). Krome togo, okazyvaetsya, chto magnito-dipol'naya svetimost' namnogo nizhe energetiki nablyudaemoi u etoi zvezdy tumannosti.
Authors: W. von Bloh, C. Bounama, M. Cuntz, S. Franck Comments: 3 pages, 1 figure; submitted to: Exoplanets: Detection, Formation and Dynamics, IAU Symposium 249, eds. Y.S. Sun and S. Ferraz-Mello (San Francisco: Astr. Soc. Pac.) Proshel simpozium Exoplanets: Detection, Formation and Dynamics , i v Arhive stali poyavlyat'sya stat'i, napravlennye v materialy etoi vstrechi. V dannoi stat'e rech' idet o vozmozhnosti zhizni na planetah s massami v 5-10 raz bol'she zemnoi, no s analogichnym sostavom, eto t.n. super-Zemli. Avtory stroyat model', v kotoroi ocenivaetsya vozmozhnost' sushestvovaniya fotosinteza na super-zemlyah. Model' prilagaetsya k dvum planetam: Gliese 581c and 581d. Pervaya iz nih okazyvaetsya sovsem ne prigodnoi, a vot otnositel'no vtoroi est' nebol'shaya nadezhda, chto tam mogut sushestvovat' primitivnye (no lish' primitivnye) formy zhizni. Nemnogo o drugih stat'yah iz togo zhe sbornika. V rabote arxiv:0712.3239 Avtory vnov' vozvrashayutsya k teme ustoichivosti orbit v dvoinoi sisteme. Krome togo, proshel simpozium Bioastronomy 2007: Molecules, Microbes and Extraterrestrial Life, i mnogie stat'i poyavlyayutsya v dvuh ekzemplyarah, kak, naprimer, arxiv:0712.3257 i arxiv:0712.3260, gde avtory obsuzhdayut vliyanie izlucheniya fotosfer zvezd spektral'nyh klassov F, G, K i M na slozhnye molekuly (naprimer, DNK). Takzhe est' i "klon" stat'i o planetnyh orbitah v dvoinoi sisteme: arxiv:0712.3266.
Authors: S. H. Saar, M. Cuntz, V. L. Kashyap, J. C. Hall Comments: 3 pages, 1 figure; Exoplanets: Detection, Formation and Dynamics, IAU Symposium 249, eds. Y.S. Sun and S. Ferraz-Mello (San Francisco: Astr. Soc. Pac.) Etu stat'yu hochetsya vydelit' otdel'no. V sisteme HD 179949 planeta-gigant vrashaetsya na blizkoi orbite (period tri dnya) vokrug zvezdy glavnoi posledovatel'nosti klassa F9. Nablyudaya etu sistemu na Chandre, avtory obnaruzhili variaciyu rentgenovskogo izlucheniya na 30 procentov. Period kolebanii svetimosti raven periodu obrasheniya planety vokrug zvezdy. Krome togo, v maksimume svetimosti uvelichivaetsya temperatura, opredelyaemaya po rentgenovskomu spektru. Sushestvenno, chto perioda vrasheniya zvezdy (7-11 dnei) vokrug svoei osi otlichaetsya ot periody planety, te.e modulyaciya tochno ne svyazana s sobstvennym vrasheniem zvezdy.
Authors: Daniel Ceverino, Anatoly Klypin Comments: 22 pages, 16 figures, submitted to ApJ V teorii formirovaniya galaktik ostayutsya ser'eznye neyasnosti, no pohozhe, chto bolee sovershennye modeli pozvolyayut otvechat' na vazhnye voprosy. V dannom sluchae rassmatrivaetsya problema vliyaniya poyavivshihsya zvezd na process "dodelyvaniya" galaktiki. Dlya menya syurprizom stala vazhnost' ucheta ubegayushih zvezd. V predstavlyaemoi modeli avtory dostigayut razresheniya poryadka 50 parsek. Modeliruyutsya vse osnovnye sostavlyayushie mezhzvezdnoi sredy i tp. "detali", kotorye na samom dele yavlyayutsya opredelyayushimi dlya polucheniya realisticheskoi modeli. O vozmozhnoi roli vliyaniya aktivnyh yader na formirovanie krasnyh ellipticheskih galaktik sm. stat'yu arxiv:0712.3289.
Authors: Jim Hinton Comments: 24 pages, 12 figures. Rapporteur talk at the 30th International Cosmic Ray Conference, Merida, Mexico Pered avtorom stoyala sleduyushaya zadacha: dat' obzor 175 rabot po gamma-astronomii, predstavlennyh na 30-i mezhdunarodnoi konferencii po kosmicheskim lucham. Chto poluchilos' - v stat'e.
Authors: Margarita Safonova, C. Sivaram, Jayant Murthy Comments: 11 pages, 5 figures, aastex, sumbitted to A&A TAUVEX - eto planiruemyi (zapusk v 2008 godu) izrail'sko-indiiskii sputnik dlya poiska vspyhivayushih istochnikov v ul'trafioletovom diapazone. Zhelayushie mogut oznakomit'sya s proektom i nauchnymi planami. Ya zhe vydelil etu stat'yu skoree, chtoby otmetit' tendenciyu, chto mnogie strany, obladayushie vysokimi tehnologiyami v elektronike i tp., no ne obladayushie sobstvennymi vozmozhnostyami zapuska, nachinayut vse aktivnee sotrudnichat' s Indiei. Po otzyvam kolleg na konferenciyah, sotrudnichestvom oni dovol'ny.
Authors: Didier Fraix-Burnet Comments: Dans Proceedings - Science Case for Next Generation Optical/Infrared Interferometric Facilities (the post VLTI era), 37th Li\`ege Int. Astroph. Coll., Li\`ege : Belgique (2004) Rech' idet ob opticheskih interferometrah. Seichas takie sistemy imeyut bazu poryadka 100 metrov. Dlya resheniya zadach, obsuzhdaemyh avtorom, ponadobyatsya pribory s bazami ot 100 metrov do 10 kilometrov. Prichem, pishet avtor, nado imenno pokryt' etot diapazon: prosto odin pribor s 10-kilometrovoi bazoi vseh problem ne reshit. Spisok zadach dovol'no velik i interesen: izuchenie zvezdnyh populyacii i skoplenii, ostatki sverhnovyh, gravitacionnye linzy i t.d. i t.p.
Authors: Laurent Eyer, Nami Mowlavi Comments: 21 pages, 9 figures, in Proc. "Helioseismology, Asteroseismology and MHD Connections" (eds. L.Gizon and M. Roth), J. Phys. Conf. Phys. (2008) Daetsya obzor po pul'siruyushim peremennym zvezdam. Obsuzhdenie idet v kontekste mesta etih zvezd na diagramme Gercshprunga-Ressela, ved' tol'ko v opredelennyh oblastyah nestabil'nosti zvezda nachinaet pul'sirovat'.
Authors: Paulo C. C. Freire, Alex Wolszczan, Maureen van den Berg, Jason W. T. Hessels Comments: 23 pages in referee's format, 2 tables, 5 figures. Submitted to ApJ Esli etot rezul'tat vystoit, to eto odno iz vazhneishih otkrytii 2007 goda. Ya uzhe pisal v obzorah o dannom pul'sare PSR B1516+02B, kogda avtory vykladyvali predvaritel'nye rezul'taty, napravlennye v materialy konferencii. Sut' v tom, chto, vozmozhno, otkryta ochen' massivnaya neitronnaya zvezda. Razumeetsya, kak eto vsegda i byvaet, avtory poluchayut nekotoroe raspredelenie veroyatnosti togo, chto massa neitronnoi zvezdy lezhit v kakih-to predelah. Tak vot, s veroyatnost'yu 95 procentov massa vyshe 1.6 solnechnyh mass. Skoree vsego, massa blizhe k 1.9 mass Solnca. Esli eto tak, to eto ochen' vazhno dlya teorii vnutrennego stroeniya etih ob'ektov. No etim delo ne ogranichivaetsya, poskol'ku ogranicheniya na teorii vnutrennego stroeniya neitronnyh zvezd avtomaticheski dayut vazhnuyu informaciyu dlya fundamental'nyh teorii v KHD.
Authors: Debra A. Fischer, et al. Comments: accepted to ApJ Avtory predstavlyayut rezul'taty, kotorye pozvolyayut govorit' o tom, chto v sisteme 55 Raka otkryta uzhe pyataya planeta! Period pyatoi planety sostavlyaet 260 dnei. Rasstoyanie ot zvezdy - 0.78 a.e. Buduchi pyatoi po schetu obnaruzhennoi, eta planeta ne pyataya po udalennosti ot svoego solnca, a chetvertaya.
Authors: S. Gezari et al. Comments: 28 pages, 27 figures, 11 tables, accepted to ApJ Kak izvestno, proletaya vblizi sveohmassivnoi chernoi dyry v centre galaktiki, zvezdy mogut byt' razrusheny prilivnymi silami. Takoe sobytie budet nablyudat'sya kak dovol'no dlitel'naya vspyshka. Svoistva takih vspyshek proschitany, naideno neskol'ko kandidatov, sledovatel'no, mozhno iskat' novye, pol'zuyas' dostatochno ponyatnoi metodikoi. V dannoi stat'e avtory predstavlyayut rezul'taty nablyudenii dvuh vspyshek, po vsei vidimosti svyazannyh s prilivnym razrusheniem zvezd chernoi dyroi, v opticheskom i ul'trafioletovom diapazonah.
Authors: Fotis P. Gavriil, Rim. Dib, Victoria M. Kaspi Comments: To appear in the proceedings of the "40 Years of Pulsars: Millisecond Pulsars, Magnetars and More" conference, held 12-17 August 2007, in Montreal QC (AIP, in press, eds: C. Bassa, Z. Wang, A. Cumming, V. Kaspi) Avtory rasskazyvayut o nablyudeniyah novogo perioda aktivnosti anomal'nogo rentgenovskogo pul'sara 4U 0142+61. Vazhno, chto v odnoi iz vspyshek u pul'sara obnaruzheny spektral'nye detali. Esli samuyu sil'nuyu iz linii interpretirovat' kak protonnuyu ciklotronnuyu liniyu, to poluchaetsya magnitarnoe pole, kotoroe u etogo ob'ekta i ozhidayut naiti. O nedavnih infrakrasnyh nablyudeniyah magnitarov mozhno prochest' tut arxiv:0712.4171.
Authors: Martin Pohl, Peter Englmaier, Nicolai Bissantz Comments: 27 pages, ApJ in press Predstavlena novaya model' trehmernogo raspredelenie molekulyarnogo gaza v nashei Galaktike. Avtory ispol'zuyut i dannye po izlucheniyu molekuly SO, i dannye chislennogo modelirovaniya, i nekotoruyu druguyu informaciyu. Vazhno, chto model' budet dostupna dlya skachivaniya.
Authors: A. J. Blustin Comments: 10 pages, 3 figures V stat'e dana svodka statistiki po publikaciyam 835 britanskih professional'nyh astronomov.
Authors: Carlo Burigana Comments: 21 pages. Invited Lecture at the First MCCT-SKADS Training School, September 23-29, 2007, Medicina, Bologna, Italy. PoS(MCCT-SKADS)013 Hotya kilometrovaya antennaya reshetka (SKA) eshe tol'ko-tol'ko proektiruetsya, i dazhe ne vybrano mesto postroiki, uzhe provodyat poleznye shkoly i treningi. Poskol'ku SKA budet rabotat' i na kosmologiyu, dayutsya obzory po aktual'nym voprosam v etoi oblasti. V dannom sluchae eto effekt Syunyaeva-Zel'dovicha, sostoyashii vo vzaimodeistvii fotonov reliktovogo izlucheniya s goryachim gazom v skopleniyah galaktik. Obzor ne prostoi, no ochen' poleznyi dlya teh, kto deistvitel'no hochet razobrat'sya.
Authors: F. Fiore, et al. Comments: 6 pages, Proc. of the workshop "Simbol-X: The hard X-ray universe in focus", Bologna 14-16 May, 2007 Mne vsegda ochen' nravitsya, chto planiruemye missii v Evrope i SShA vsegda aktivno publichno obsuzhdayutsya eshe na stadii razrabotki. V dannom sluchae rech' idet o novom rentgenovskom evropeiskom proekte. Osnovnaya zadacha - poluchenie kachestvennyh izobrazhenii na energiyah do 100 keV. Tehnicheski eto ves'ma neprosto - sdelat' zerkala (kosogo padeniya, razumeetsya) dlya raboty v stol' zhestkom diapazone. V nebol'shoi zametke avtory rassmatrivayut, kakie nauchnye zadachi mozhno stavit' pered proektom Symbol-X. V pervuyu ochered' oni govoryat o nablyudeniyah chernyh dyr (v osnovnom v aktivnyh yadrah galaktik) i o vozmozhnom proryve v ponimanii mehanizma uskoreniya chastic v astronomicheskih istochnikah.
Authors: Rudy Wijnands Comments: 6 pages, Conference proceedings from 'A Population Explosion: The Nature and Evolution of X-ray Binaries in Diverse Environments', 28 Oct - 2 Nov, St. Petersburg Beach, FL Razvitie tehniki nablyudenii v rentgenovskom diapazone pozvolyaet detal'no izuchat' dostatochno slabye istochniki v dvoinyh sistemah so svetimost'yu poryadka 1035 erg/s. Sredi nih est' i sil'no peremennye istochniki, i ob'ekty s dostatochno stabil'noi svetimost'yu. Po-vidimomu, bol'shinstvo yavlyaetsya neitronnymi zvezdami. Nekotorye iz nih mogut yavlyat'sya praroditelyami millisekundnyh radiopul'sarov. Etot poslednii moment delaet takie sistemy osobenno interesnymi. Krome togo, v nekotoryh sluchayah my mozhem poluchat' informaciyu o vnutrennem stroenii neitronnyh zvezd, esli nablyudaetsya teplovoe izluchenie, svyazannoe ne s akkreciei, a s zapasennym teplom i piknoyadernymi reakciyami.
Authors: K. Dolag, S. Borgani, S. Schindler, A. Diaferio, A.M. Bykov Comments: 42 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in Space Science Reviews, special issue "Clusters of galaxies: beyond the thermal view", Editor J.S. Kaastra, Chapter 12; work done by an international team at the International Space Science Institute (ISSI), Bern, organised by J.S. Kaastra, A.M. Bykov, S. Schindler & J.A.M. Bleeker
Poyavilsya celyi ryad statei, posvyashennyh razlichnym aspektam issledovaniya
skoplenii galaktik. Pri etom bol'shinstvo statei yavlyayutsya obzorami, imeyushimi
bolee shirokuyu oblast' primenimosti, chem tol'ko skopleniya. Vmeste oni
formiruyut celuyu knigu.
Perechislyu nekotorye iz nih.
Authors: D. L. Kaplan, S. Chatterjee, B. M. Gaensler, J. Anderson Comments: 15 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ V poslednie gody aktivno obsuzhdaetsya takaya velichina kak ugol mezhdu vektorom skorosti i os'yu vrasheniya neitronnoi zvezdy. Dlya nekotoryh odinochnyh radiopul'sarov udaetsya iz nablyudenii ocenit' etu velichinu, prichem v neskol'kih sluchayah znachenie polucheno s otnositel'no nebol'shimi oshibkami. Pochemu eto vazhno? Okazalos', chto est' tendenciya k tomu, chto ugol nevelik, no pri etom i ne raven nulyu. Potencial'no eto mozhet dat' vazhnuyu informaciyu o mehanizme razgona neitronnyh zvezd (napomnyu, chto mnogie pul'sary imeyut ochen' vysokie prostranstvennye skorosti - do neskol'kih tysyach km v sek). A mehanizm etot, razumeetsya, zavyazan na mehanizm sverhnovoi. T.o., ugol mezhdu vektorami skorosti i sobstvennogo vrasheniya yavlyaetsya otpechatkom vzryva sverhnovoi. No ne tol'ko sverhnovoi! Ved' zvezda-praroditel' dvigalas' i vrashalas' i do vzryva. Bolee togo, ona mogla vhodit' v sostav tesnoi dvoinoi sistemy, t.e. mogla imet' vysokuyu orbital'nuyu skorost'. Eto, konechno, oslozhnyaet situaciyu. Avtory privodyat novuyu ocenku ugla mezhdu napravleniem skorosti i sobstvennogo vrasheniya dlya pul'sara v Krabe i obsuzhdayut, chto moglo byt' prichinoi togo, chto ugol etot hotya i mal (menee 20 gradusov), no tem ne menee ne raven nulyu.
Authors: D. L. Kaplan Comments: 9 pages, one table, 3 figures. To appear in the proceedings of "40 Years of Pulsars: Millisecond Pulsars, Magnetars, and More", August 12-17, 2007, McGill University, Montreal, Canada Dostatochno polnyi obzor po Velikolepnoi semerke i rodstvennym ob'ektam. Krome svodki nablyudatel'nyh dannyh avtor privodit rassuzhdeniya o tom, chem eti ob'ekty polezny dlya fiziki i astrofiziki i obsuzhdaet nereshennye voprosy.
My budem starat'sya hotya by perechislit' interesnye (dlya shirokoi publiki) stat'i, poyavivshiesya v razdele physics (vklyuchaya cross-listing).
Authors: Michael B. Mensky Comments: 24 pages, 1 figure, LATEX Mihail Menskii prodolzhaet razvivat' svoi podhod po ob'yasneniyu fenomena soznaniya v ramkah everettovskoi interpretacii kvantovoi mehaniki.
Authors: Frank G. Borg, Ismo Hakala, Jukka Maattala Comments: 94 pages with 29 figures of which 6 are postscript figures and the rest are made using eepic. BibTex bibliography Obshirnyi material, soderzhashii osnovy, neobhodimye dlya ponimaniya togo, chto takoe radiovolny, kak oni generiruyutsya i registriruyutsya.
Authors: T. Abe et al. Comments: Detector report of the International Scoping Study of a future Neutrino Factory and Super-Beam facility, 86 pages, 49 figures Predstavlen otchet po razrabotke neitrinnyh detektorov dlya budushih neitrinnyh eksperimentov na uskoritelyah. Predstavleny razlichnye al'ternativy kak dlya udalennyh detektorov, tak i dlya instrumentov, rabotayushih na uskoritele.
Authors: Peter J. Mohr, Barry N. Taylor, David B. Newell Comments: 105 pages, 7 figures, 46 tables; describes in detail the 2006 CODATA adjustment of the values of the constants CODATA - Committee on Data for Science and Technology. V stat'e predstavleny rekomendovannye etim komitetom znacheniya fundamentadbnyh konstant. Predydushee obnovlenie bylo chetyre goda nazad. Sait proekta physics.nist.gov/constants.
Authors: Don N. Page Comments: 14 pages, LaTeX, to be published in Melville Y. Stewart, ed., Science and Religion in Dialogue (Blackwell Publishing Inc., Oxford), from a series of lectures sponsored by the Templeton Foundation and given at Shandong University in Jinan, China, autumn 2007; see also arXiv:0801.0246 and arXiv:0801.0247 Tri stat'i (vklyuchaya arXiv:0801.0246, arXiv:0801.02467) Dona Peidzha, posvyashennye religiozno=filosofskim aspektam sovremennyh kosmologicheskih teorii.
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