Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 13 po 19 marta 2017 goda20.02.2017 10:10 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele nastupit period dvoinoi (vechernei i utrennei) vidimosti Venery, yuzhnyi meteornyi potok gamma-Normidy dostignet maksimuma deistviya, Luna (F= 0,95-) proidet v polutora gradusah k severu ot Yupitera (bliz Spiki), dolgoperiodicheskie peremennye zvezdy R i RS Lebedya dostignut maksimuma bleska (6,5m), Merkurii vstupit v soedinenie s Veneroi, Luna (F= 0,68-) proidet apogei orbity.
Solnce. Vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichitsya k koncu nedeli do 33 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote sostavlyaet 12 chasov 00 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca - 32,12 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Tekushie dannye o Solnce i vid ego poverhnosti na dannoe vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu poslednei chetverti 20 marta. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Devy, Vesov, Skorpiona i Zmeenosca, izmenyaya fazu ot 1,0 do 0,5-. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Devy. Zdes' 14 marta Luna pri faze okolo 0,95 proidet severnee Yupitera i Spiki, a 16 marta pereidet v sozvezdie Vesov. gde probudet do 18 marta (apogei orbity), dostignuv granicy s sozvezdiem Skorpiona. V etot zhe den' pri faze bolee 0,65 Luna nachnet dvizhenie po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca, krasuyas' na utrennem nebe nizko nad gorizontom i postepenno umen'shaya fazu. Faza Luny na tekushii moment. Fazy Luny na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii, Venera i Mars nablyudayutsya po vecheram (Venera - eshe i na fone utrennei zari), Yupiter viden vsyu noch', Saturn zanimaet utrennee nebo, a Uran - vechernee. Dlya poiskov Urana ponadobitsya binokl' ili teleskop. Podrobnye efemeridy planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii Astronomicheskogo kalendarya na 2017 god .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica C/2015 V2 (Johnson) postepenno nabiraet blesk (okolo 9m), medlenno dvigayas' po sozvezdiyu Gerkulesa. Kometa Enke (okolo 6m) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya, no ne vidna iz-za blizosti k Solncu. P/Tuttle-Giacobini-Kresak (41P) peremeshaetsya po sozvediyu Bol'shoi Medvedicy pri bleske okolo 8m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na mart, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2017 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://cometbase.net/ .
Sredi asteroidov samymi yarkimi yavlyayutsya Vesta (7,4m) v sozvezdii Bliznecov i Cerera (9,1 m) v sozvezdii Ovna.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: R Lebedya 7.5m - 15 marta, RS Lebedya 7.2m - 18 marta.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Merkurii - Venera, Mars - Cerera, Luna - Yupiter, Luna - Spika, Yupiter - Spika, Merkurii - del'ta Ryb, Saturn - teta Zmeenosca, Uran - myu Ryb, Neptun - lyambda Vodoleya, Vesta - beta Bliznecov, kometa C/2015 V2 (Johnson) - tau Gerkulesa, kometa P/Tuttle-Giacobini-Kresak (41P) - beta Bol'shoi Medvedicy.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod. Videokalendar' na mesyac http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno imet' vvidu, chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni....
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 13 marta - v 0229 godu, 14 marta - v 1820 godu, 15 marta - v 1839 godu, 16 marta - v 1485 godu, 17 marta - v 1616 godu, 18 marta - v 1988 godu, 19 marta - v 1113 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 19 marta (7 zatmenii!), a men'she vsego - 17 marta (1 zatmenie). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Samyi polnyi i tochnyi resurs po zatmeniyam i prohozhdeniyam http://www.eclipsewise.com/eclipse.html
Sleduet otmetit', chto 13 marta 1781 goda Uil'yam Gershel' otkryl Uran, a Klaid Tombo v etot zhe den' v1930 godu - Pluton.
Svedeniya o yavleniyah proshlogo i budushego - v Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
Merkurii. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Vechernyaya vidimost' Merkuriya (luchshaya v 2017 godu) bystro uvelichivaetsya i k koncu nedeli prevyshaet polchasa pri elongacii 12 gradusov. Uglovye razmery bystroi planety sostavlyayut okolo 5 sekund dugi pri bleske -1,3m i faze okolo 0,9. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk bez detalei, zamyvaemyi atmosfernymi potokami. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya do 1,20 a.e. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2017 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2017 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher.
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Uglovoe rasstoyanie Venery k zapadu ot Solnca bystro umen'shaetsya ot 21 do 12 gradusov k koncu nedeli, i vidimost' planety stanovitsya dvoinoi, t.e. vidna ona budet v vide yarkoi zvezdy po utram i vecheram. Takoe sochetanie vidimosti imeet mesto blagodarya bol'shemu, chem u Solnca skloneniyu i zahodu pozzhe, a voshodu ran'she, chem u dnevnogo svetila. V rezul'tate u Venery idet period dvoinoi vidimosti, kogda ee mozhno nazvat' i Vechernei i Utrennei zvezdoi. Vidimyi diametr planety uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 55,3 do 59,0 uglovyh sekund (bol'she vidimyh razmerov drugih planet), a blesk sostavlyaet -4,2m pri faze okolo 0,05. Serp Venery legko zameten dazhe v binokl', a lyudi s ochen' ostrym zreniem mogut popytat'sya uvidet' etot serp nevooruzhennym glazom. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 0,30 do 0,28 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress.
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Naiti Mars mozhno nad zapadnym gorizontom v vechernee vremya v vide dostatochno yarkoi zvezdy. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,4m, a vidimyi diametr - 4,5 sekund dugi. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya do 2,15 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity.
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Devy (bliz Spiki). Yupiter pochti vsyu noch', t.k. priblizhaetsya k svoemu protivostoyaniyu. Uglovoi diametr gazovogo giganta uvelichivaetsya ot 43,1 do 43,5 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,4m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,52 a.e. (k koncu nedeli).. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali, a takzhe pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi. V lyubitel'skie teleskopy srednei sily mozhno budet nablyudat' prohozhdenie tenei sputnikov po poverhnosti samoi bol'shoi planety Solnechnoi sistemy. Konfiguracii chetyreh bol'shih sputnikov Yupitera (cvetnoi grafik + tablica yavlenii) imeyutsya v KN na mart. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo.
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Saturn mozhno naiti na utrennem nebe u yugo-vostochnogo gorizonta. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 17 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co (pri naklone k nablyudatelyu pod uglom 26 gradusov), a iz sputnikov naibolee dostupen Titan (8,0m). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya do 9,96 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini.
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,9, d= 3,4 ugl. sek) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem v sozvezdii Ryb (u granic s sozvezdiem Kita i Ovna) bliz zvezdy myu Psc (4,8m). Uran mozhno naiti na vechernem nebe, vospol'zovavshis' binoklem i zvezdnoi kartoi. Dlya rassmotreniya diska planety ponadobitsya teleskop s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 20,84 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2.
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8,0, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy lyambda Aqr (3,7m). Neptun ne viden. Karta puti planety v techenie goda. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 30,90 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2.
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (bliz trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii 33,61 a.e. ot Zemli k koncu nedeli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty .
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 13 Mar 2017 2h40m06.85s +11.87925 deg 2.776 3.323 9.1 49.1 54.20 65.8 Ari 17 Mar 2017 2h45m32.26s +12.46976 deg 2.773 3.362 9.1 46.5 55.11 66.5 Ari Vesta (4) 13 Mar 2017 7h29m23.72s +26.27536 deg 2.465 1.842 7.3 117.5 6.11 87.5 Gem 17 Mar 2017 7h30m24.03s +26.27796 deg 2.461 1.885 7.4 113.8 10.31 93.5 Gem Metida (9) 13 Mar 2017 10h18m14.88s +20.61276 deg 2.321 1.382 9.5 154.9 29.59 280.2 Leo 17 Mar 2017 10h15m12.54s +20.72628 deg 2.326 1.408 9.6 150.5 25.91 276.6 Leo Irena (14) 13 Mar 2017 10h12m20.89s +27.11753 deg 2.189 1.274 9.3 149.3 25.00 281.3 Leo 17 Mar 2017 10h09m42.53s +27.21298 deg 2.185 1.293 9.4 145.3 21.25 275.0 Leo Evnomiya (15) 13 Mar 2017 9h41m18.78s + 1.33782 deg 2.863 1.945 9.6 152.3 27.78 287.7 Hya 17 Mar 2017 9h38m43.07s + 1.56093 deg 2.869 1.976 9.7 148.0 24.60 289.6 Hya Amphitrite (29) 13 Mar 2017 10h51m19.89s + 9.38061 deg 2.594 1.614 9.3 168.1 35.66 281.6 Leo 17 Mar 2017 10h47m43.87s + 9.56029 deg 2.597 1.629 9.4 163.3 33.62 280.6 Leo Daphne (41) 13 Mar 2017 11h03m03.16s + 1.11344 deg 2.204 1.214 9.6 172.5 45.21 323.7 Leo 17 Mar 2017 11h00m21.20s + 2.09055 deg 2.194 1.210 9.7 168.4 44.86 325.0 Leo a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli.
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya moskovskoe =UT+3chasa (vsemirnoe vremya UT ukazyvaetsya otdel'no). Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2017 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii marta mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na mart, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2017 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike, kalendare Salsky i v Al'manahe .
13 marta, vecher - Nachalo vechernei vidimosti Merkuriya v srednih shirotah..
14 marta, utro - Luna (F= 0,97-) bliz Yupitera i Spiki.
15 marta, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Lebedya bliz maksimuma bleska (6,5m).
16 marta i vsyu nedelyu, utro i vecher - Dvoinaya vidimost' Venery.
17 marta, 02 chasa 20 minut - Merkurii prohodit v 9 gradusah yuzhnee Venery.
18 marta, 17 chasov 24 minuty (UT) - Luna (F= 0,68-) v apogee orbity na rasstoyanii 404650 km. ot centra Zemli.
19 marta, utro - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda RS Lebedya bliz maksimuma bleska (6,5m).
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid yugo-vostochnoi i yuzhnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 16 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-vostochnoi i yuzhnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 16 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 16 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N03 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1374768 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
Publikacii so slovami: astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom | |
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