Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 25 sentyabrya po 1 oktyabrya 2017 goda22.09.2017 19:32 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele Luna (F= 0,4+) proidet bliz Saturna 27 sentyabrya, a Luna (F= 0,42+) v etot zhe den' dostignet apogeya orbity na rasstoyanii ot centra Zemli 404345 km. Na sleduyushii den' Luna okazhetsya v maksimal'nom sklonenii k yugu pri faze pervoi chetverti, a 30 sentyabrya proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,73+) zvezdy pi Kozeroga (5,1m) pri vidimosti v Sibiri. Krome etogo, 25 sentyabrya vse yarkie sputniki Yupitera razoidutsya na maksimal'noe uglovoe rasstoyanie ot planety (vidimost' v yuzhnyh shirotah), asteroid Irida na etoi nedele smenit dvizhenie s pryamogo na popyatnoe, a asteroid Interamnia (704) vstupit v protivostoyanie s Solncem.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya k koncu nedeli do 31 gradusa, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 11 chasov 30 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca za opisyvaemyi period uvelichitsya do 31,95 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Devy. Tekushie dannye o Solnce i vid ego poverhnosti na dannoe vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu pervoi chetverti 28 sentyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Vesov, Skorpiona, Zmeenosca, Strel'ca i Kozeroga, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,2+ do 0,85+ i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Vesov. 25 sentyabrya Luna pobyvaet v sozvezdii Skorpiona i v etot zhe den' pereidet v sozvezdie Zmeenosca pri faze okolo 0,3+. Dostignuv soedineniya s Saturnom (F= 0,4+) Luna proidet severnee okol'covannoi planety i ustremitsya k sozvezdiyu Strel'ca, v kotoroe voidet 27 sentyabrya. Zdes' nochnoe svetilo 28 sentyabrya primet fazu pervoi chetverti bliz apogeya orbity i maksimal'nogo yuzhnogo skloneniya. V eto vremya lunnyi poludisk nablyudaetsya po vecheram nizko nad yuzhnym gorizontom. 30 sentyabrya pri faze okolo 0,7 lunnyi oval pereidet v sozvezdie Kozeroga i zakonchit zdes' svoi put' po sentyabr'skomu nebu pri faze 0,76+. Faza Luny na tekushii moment. Fazy Luny na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii, Venera i Mars nablyudayutsya v utrennih sumerkah (Venera vidna takzhe i dnem), a Yupiter zakonchil vechernyuyu vidimost'. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie chasy, a Uran i Neptun vidny vsyu noch'. Podrobnye efemeridy planet i karty dvizheniya dayutsya v pechatnoi versii Astronomicheskogo kalendarya na 2017 god . Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html
Iz komet hvostataya strannica C/2015 ER61 (PanSTARRS) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca (bliz Pleyad) pri bleske okolo 12m. Kometa C/2017 O1 (ASASSN1) pri bleske okolo 9m dvizhetsya takzhe po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', KN na oktyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2017 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov blesk 9m i vyshe na dannoi nedele budut imet': Cerera (8,8m) v sozvezdii Raka, Pallada (8,5m) v sozvezdii Eridana, Vesta (7,8m) v sozvezdii Devy, Irida (7,7m) v sozvezdii Ovna i Yuliya (9,1m) v sozvezdii Pegasa.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: RU Gerkulesa 8,0m - 28 sentyabrya, SS Zmeenosca 8,7m - 29 sentyabrya, RT Orla 8,4m - 29 sentyabrya, W Orla 8,3m - 30 sentyabrya.
Iz osnovnyh meteornyh potokov naibolee aktivny Yuzhnye Tauridy.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Antares, Luna - Saturn, Merkurii - Mars, Mars - Regul, Venera - Regul, Yupiter - Spika, Saturn - Antares, Uran - omikron Ryb, Neptun - lyambda Vodoleya, Pallada - dzeta Eridana, Irida - al'fa Ovna, C/2015 ER61 (PanSTARRS) - Pleyady, C/2017 O1 (ASASSN1) - Pleyady.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' na mesyac http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 25 sentyabrya - v 1764 godu, 26 sentyabrya - v 1242 godu, 27 sentyabrya - v 1791 godu, 28 sentyabrya - v 1391 godu, 29 sentyabrya - v 1894 godu, 30 sentyabrya - v 1437 godu, 1 oktyabrya - v 1940 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 25 sentyabrya (6 zatmenii!), a men'she vsego - 27, 29 i 30 sentyabrya (po 2 zatmeniya). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Astronomicheskie yavleniya proshlogo i tekushego stoletii imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu L'va, 26 sentyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Devy. Merkurii nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe (ryadom s Marsom i Veneroi), i eto ego luchshaya utrennyaya vidimost' 2017 goda. No eta vidimost' k koncu nedeli zakanchivaetsya, t.k. planeta sblizhaetsya s Solncem na nebesnoi sfere do 6 gradusov, i skryvaetsya v luchah voshodyashego dnevnogo svetila. V teleskop Merkurii viden v vide diska. Uglovye razmery bystroi planety postepenno umen'shayutsya ot 5,3 do 5,0 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -1,3m i faze bolee 0,9. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya k koncu nedeli ot 1,25 do 1,35 a.e. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2017 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2017 god, dlya 2018 goda - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2017.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu L'va. Utrennyaya zvezda vidna po utram u vostochnogo gorizonta, no blagodarya vysokomu blesku, nablyudat' ee mozhno i dnem. V teleskop nablyudaetsya oval (pochti disk) planety. Uglovoe rasstoyanie Venery ot Solnca umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 26 do 24,5 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr planety takzhe umen'shaetsya ot 11,5 do 11,3 uglovyh sekund, a blesk sostavlyaet -3,9m pri faze okolo 0,9. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 1,47 do 1,49 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2017.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu L'va. Mars mozhno nablyudat' na fone utrennei zari u vostochnogo gorizonta bliz Merkuriya, Regula i Venery. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,7m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 4 sekundy dugi. V teleskop s bol'shim uvelicheniem mozhno rassmotret' disk, zamyvaemyi atmosfernymi potokami. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya do 2,55 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2017.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy (bliz Spiki). Yupiter nablyudaetsya v luchah zahodyashego Solnca, no tol'ko v samyh yuzhnyh raionah strany zakanchivaya vechernyuyu vidimost'. Uglovoi diametr gazovogo giganta sostavlyaet okolo 31 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -1,7m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 6,38 a.e. v konce nedeli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2017.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' vecherom u yugo-zapadnogo gorizonta. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 16,5 sekund dugi. Iz-za nizkogo polozheniya nad gorizontom izobrazhenie Saturna v pole zreniya teleskopa zamyvaetsya atmosfernymi potokami. Tem ne menee, mozhno nablyudat' i kol'co (pri naklone k nablyudatelyu pod uglom 27 gradusov) i nekotorye detali na diske planety (polosy), a iz sputnikov naibolee dostupen Titan (8,0m). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu do 10,30 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2017.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,7, d= 3,6 ugl. sek) dvizhetsya popyatno v sozvezdii Ryb (u granic s sozvezdiem Kita i Ovna) bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m). Uran viden vsyu noch'. Karta puti planety v techenie goda. Dlya rassmotreniya diska planety ponadobitsya teleskop s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' na temnom bezlunnom nebe (luchshe vsego bliz verhnei kul'minacii). Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom sostavlyaet k koncu nedeli 18,96 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2017.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,8, d= 2,5 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy lyambda Aqr (3,7m). Neptun nablyudaetsya vsyu noch' nad yugo-vostochnym, yuzhnym i yugo-zapadnym gorizontom, t.k. nahoditsya okolo protivostoyaniya s Solncem. Karta puti planety v techenie goda. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya do 29,05 a.e. ( k koncu nedeli). Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2017.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (bliz trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii 33,26 a.e. ot Zemli k koncu nedeli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty .
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 25 Sep 2017 08h11m51.60s +23 20' 16.2" 2.631 2.950 8.8 61.9 53.38 94.6 Cnc 29 Sep 2017 08h17m58.55s +23 13' 28.1" 2.628 2.901 8.8 64.4 52.28 94.6 Cnc Pallada (2) 25 Sep 2017 03h20m19.95s -13 50' 22.2" 2.626 1.867 8.5 129.9 46.57 179.4 Eri 29 Sep 2017 03h20m10.52s -15 05' 27.7" 2.616 1.834 8.5 132.5 47.35 184.0 Eri Vesta (4) 25 Sep 2017 12h19m12.22s +03 14' 25.5" 2.277 3.274 7.8 5.0 75.35 113.0 Vir 29 Sep 2017 12h26m37.47s +02 27' 19.8" 2.273 3.270 7.8 4.9 75.57 112.9 Vir Irida (7) 25 Sep 2017 02h23m57.12s +23 44' 37.2" 1.863 0.982 7.8 139.6 2.60 330.0 Ari 29 Sep 2017 02h23m31.05s +23 46' 04.2" 1.859 0.956 7.7 143.5 6.21 265.5 Ari Yuliya (89) 25 Sep 2017 22h25m15.88s +11 16' 11.5" 2.081 1.138 9.2 152.7 29.74 268.4 Peg 29 Sep 2017 22h22m16.19s +11 13' 53.6" 2.080 1.156 9.3 149.2 25.29 265.5 Peg a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli.
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya moskovskoe =UT+3chasa (vsemirnoe vremya UT ukazyvaetsya otdel'no). Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2017 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii sentyabrya i oktyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', KN na oktyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2017 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike, kalendare Salsky i v Al'manahe .
25 sentyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, utro - Mini-parad planet Merkuriya, Venery i Marsa bliz zvezdy Regul.
26 sentyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,35+) bliz Saturna
27 sentyabrya, 09 chasov 52 minuty - Luna (F= 0,42+) v apogee na rasstoyanie ot centra Zemli 404345 km.
28 sentyabrya, 05 chasov 54 minuty - Luna v faze pervoi chetverti.
29 sentyabrya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda RT Orla bliz maksimuma bleska (7m).
30 sentyabrya, 14 chasov 34 minuty (UT) - Pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,73+) zvezdy pi Kozeroga (5,1m) pri vidimosti v Sibiri
01 oktyabrya, noch' - Asteroid Interamnia (704) v protivostoyanii s Solncem pri bleske 9,9m.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 28 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 28 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 28 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N09 i N10 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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