Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 11 po 17 sentyabrya 2017 goda25.08.2017 16:41 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele Yupiter prohodit v 3 gr. severnee Spiki, 12 sentyabrya proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,6-) zvezd skopleniya Giady i Al'debarana pri vidimosti v Severnoi Amerike i v etot zhe den' Merkurii dostignet zapadnoi (utrennei) elongacii (18 gradusov). 13 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,45-) proidet perigei svoei orbity na rasstoyanii ot centra Zemli 369858 km, a na sleduyushii den' (F= 0,35-) okazhetsya v maksimal'nom sklonenii k severu. 15 sentyabrya Merkurii proidet perigelii svoei orbity, a na sleduyushii den' sblizitsya do 3 uglovyh minut s Marsom. V konce nedeli Luna (F= 0,15-) proidet v 3,5 gr. yuzhnee zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44) i dostignet (F= 0,07-) voshodyashego uzla svoei orbity.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya k koncu nedeli do 36 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 12 chasov 35 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca za opisyvaemyi period uvelichitsya do 31,83 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu L'va, 17 sentyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Devy. Tekushie dannye o Solnce i vid ego poverhnosti na dannoe vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu poslednei chetverti 13 sentyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Tel'ca, Bliznecov, Raka i L'va, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,75- do 0,05- i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii (posle 14 sentyabrya - umen'shaya). Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Tel'ca pri faze okolo 0,7-. Zdes' 12 sentyabrya proizoidet ocherednoe pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,6-) zvezd skopleniya Giady i Al'debarana. 13 sentyabrya Luna v sozvezdii Tel'ca primet fazu poslednei chetverti, nahodyas' bliz maksimal'nogo skloneniya i perigeya svoei orbity. V etot zhe den' nochnoe svetilo posetit sozvezdie Oriona (uzhe v vide bol'shogo serpa pri faze okolo 0,4), a na sleduyushii den' vstupit v sozvezdie Bliznecov, gde probudet do 15 sentyabrya,. V etot den' Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Raka pri faze okolo 0,2- i sovershit po nemu put' do 17 sentyabrya (proidya yuzhnee zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli - M44), kogda vstupit vo vladeniya sozvezdiya L'va pri faze 0,1-. Faza Luny na tekushii moment. Fazy Luny na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii, Venera i Mars nablyudayutsya v utrennih sumerkah (Venera vidna takzhe i dnem), a Yupiter zakanchivaet vechernyuyu vidimost'. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie chasy, a Uran i Neptun vidny vsyu noch'. Podrobnye efemeridy planet i karty dvizheniya dayutsya v pechatnoi versii Astronomicheskogo kalendarya na 2017 god . Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html
Iz komet hvostataya strannica C/2015 ER61 (PanSTARRS) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca (bliz Pleyad) pri bleske okolo 12m. Kometa C/2017 O1 (ASASSN1) pri bleske okolo 9m dvizhetsya takzhe po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2017 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov blesk 9m i vyshe na dannoi nedele budut imet': Cerera (8,9m) v sozvezdii Bliznecov, Pallada (8,7m) v sozvezdii Eridana, Vesta (7,8m) v sozvezdii Devy, Irida (8,1m) v sozvezdii Ovna i Yuliya (9,0m) v sozvezdii Pegasa.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignet R Zhirafa 8,3m - 17 sentyabrya.
Iz osnovnyh meteornyh potokov naibolee aktivny Sentyabr'skie epsilon-Perseidy i Yuzhnye Tauridy.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Al'debaran, Luna - Polluks, Luna - Yasli (M44), Luna - Regul, Luna - Venera, Luna - Merkurii, Luna -Mars, Merkurii - Regul, Merkurii - Mars, Mars - Regul, Venera - Regul, Yupiter - Spika, Saturn - Antares, Uran - omikron Ryb, Neptun - lyambda Vodoleya, Cerera - Polluks, Pallada - dzeta Eridana, Vesta - beta Devy, Irida - al'fa Ovna, C/2015 ER61 (PanSTARRS) - Pleyady, C/2017 O1 (ASASSN1) - Giady.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' na mesyac http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 11 sentyabrya - v 1029 godu, 12 sentyabrya - v 1950 godu, 13 sentyabrya - v 1178 godu, 14 sentyabrya - v 1708 godu, 15 sentyabrya - v 1746 godu, 16 sentyabrya - v 1773 godu, 17 sentyabrya - v 1876 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 13 sentyabrya (7 zatmenii!), a men'she vsego - 14 sentyabrya (2 zatmeniya). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Astronomicheskie yavleniya proshlogo i tekushego stoletii imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu L'va. Merkurii nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe, i eto ego luchshaya utrennyaya vidimost' 2017 goda. Planeta otdalyaetsya ot Solnca do 18 gradusov ko dnyu maksimal'noi elongacii 12 sentyabrya, a vidimost' ee nad vostochnym gorizontom prevyshaet 1 chas. Merkurii nahoditsya bliz Regula i Marsa. V teleskop Merkurii viden v vide serpa, zatem poludiska, prevrashayas' postepenno v oval. Uglovye razmery bystroi planety postepenno umen'shayutsya ot 7,5 do 6,2 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo 0m - 1m i faze 0,4 - 0,7. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya k koncu nedeli ot 0,89 do 1,08 a.e. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2017 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2017 god, dlya 2018 goda - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2017.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu L'va. Utrennyaya zvezda vidna po utram u vostochnogo gorizonta, no blagodarya vysokomu blesku, nablyudat' ee mozhno i dnem. V teleskop nablyudaetsya oval planety. Uglovoe rasstoyanie Venery ot Solnca umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 29,5 do 28 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr planety takzhe umen'shaetsya ot 12,0 do 11,7 uglovyh sekund, a blesk sostavlyaet -3,9m pri faze okolo 0,87. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 1,39 do 1,43 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2017.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu L'va. Mars mozhno nablyudat' na fone utrennei zari u vostochnogo gorizonta bliz Merkuriya. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,7m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 4 sekundy dugi. V teleskop s bol'shim uvelicheniem mozhno rassmotret' disk, zamyvaemyi atmosfernymi potokami. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei sostavlyaet 2,60 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2017.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy (maksimal'no sblizhayas' so Spikoi v nachale nedeli). Yupiter nablyudaetsya v luchah zahodyashego Solnca, zakanchivaya svoyu vidimost'. Uglovoi diametr gazovogo giganta umen'shaetsya ot 31,6 do 31,2 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -1,7m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 6,23 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2017.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' vecherom u yugo-zapdnogo gorizonta. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 17 sekund dugi. Iz-za nizkogo polozheniya nad gorizontom izobrazhenie Saturna v pole zreniya teleskopa zamyvaetsya atmosfernymi potokami. Tem ne menee, mozhno nablyudat' i kol'co (pri naklone k nablyudatelyu pod uglom 27 gradusov) i nekotorye detali na diske planety (polosy), a iz sputnikov naibolee dostupen Titan (8,0m). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu do 10,1 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2017.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,9, d= 3,5 ugl. sek) dvizhetsya popyatno v sozvezdii Ryb (u granic s sozvezdiem Kita i Ovna) bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m). Uran viden vsyu noch'. Karta puti planety v techenie goda. Dlya rassmotreniya diska planety ponadobitsya teleskop s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' na temnom bezlunnom nebe (luchshe vsego bliz verhnei kul'minacii). Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom sostavlyaet k koncu nedeli 19,06 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2017.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,4 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy lyambda Aqr (3,7m). Neptun nablyudaetsya vsyu noch' nad yugo-vostochnym, yuzhnym i yugo-zapadnym gorizontom, t.k. nahoditsya bliz protivostoyaniya s Solncem. Karta puti planety v techenie goda. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu do 28,97 a.e. . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2017.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (bliz trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii 33,02 a.e. ot Zemli k koncu nedeli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty .
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 13 Sep 2017 07h52m46.47s +23 40' 11.7" 2.639 3.092 8.9 54.5 56.18 94.0 Gem 17 Sep 2017 07h59m15.02s +23 33' 44.5" 2.636 3.046 8.9 57.0 55.34 94.3 Gem Pallada (2) 13 Sep 2017 03h18m20.42s -10 15' 35.8" 2.656 1.987 8.8 121.5 44.03 164.8 Eri 17 Sep 2017 03h19m24.29s -11 24' 54.6" 2.646 1.944 8.7 124.4 44.85 169.8 Eri Vesta (4) 13 Sep 2017 11h57m04.18s +05 35' 27.7" 2.289 3.279 7.9 8.5 74.52 113.1 Vir 17 Sep 2017 12h04m25.55s +04 48' 33.6" 2.285 3.279 7.8 7.0 74.83 113.1 Vir Irida (7) 13 Sep 2017 02h21m48.52s +23 15' 41.2" 1.877 1.075 8.2 128.8 16.45 54.6 Ari 17 Sep 2017 02h23m05.59s +23 29' 10.1" 1.872 1.042 8.1 132.3 11.27 49.8 Ari Yuliya (89) 13 Sep 2017 22h36m43.60s +11 08' 01.4" 2.083 1.106 9.0 160.9 39.60 276.8 Peg 17 Sep 2017 22h32m34.29s +11 13' 47.4" 2.082 1.113 9.1 158.8 37.02 273.9 Peg a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli.
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya moskovskoe =UT+3chasa (vsemirnoe vremya UT ukazyvaetsya otdel'no). Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2017 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii sentyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2017 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike, kalendare Salsky i v Al'manahe .
11 sentyabrya, vecher - Yupiter prohodit v 3 gr. severnee Spiki.
12 sentyabrya, 15 chasov 00 minut - Merkurii dostigaet zapadnoi (utrennei) elongacii 18 gradusov.
13 sentyabrya, 09 chasov 25 minut - Luna v faze poslednei chetverti (bliz perigeya).
14 sentyabrya, 13 chasov 00 minut (UT) - Luna (F= 0,35-) v maksimal'nom sklonenii k severu.
15 sentyabrya, 14 chasov 46 minut - Merkurii v perigelii svoei orbity.
16 sentyabrya, 18 chasov 24 minuty (UT) - Merkurii prohodit v 3 uglovyh minutah k severu ot Marsa.
17 sentyabrya, 18 chasov 28 minut (UT) - Luna (F= 0,07-) v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 14 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 14 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 14 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N09 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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