Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 16 po 22 oktyabrya 2017 goda24.09.2017 8:50 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda V Volopasa bliz maksimuma bleska (6m), 17 oktyabrya Luna (F= 0,05-) prohodit bliz Marsa, a na sleduyushii den' pri faze 0,03- bliz Venery. Merkurii 18 oktyabrya prohodit v graduse yuzhnee Yupitera, a 19 oktyabrya Uran vstupaet v protivostoyanie s Solncem pri novolunii, 20 oktyabrya Luna (F= 0,01+) okazhetsya bliz Yupitera i Merkuriya, a na sleduyushii den' maksimum deistviya dostignet meteornyi potok Orionidy s chasovym chislom meteorov 15. Krome etogo, kometa P/Machholz (96P) v konce nedeli maksimal'no sblizhaetsya s Zemlei (do 0,88 a.e.), uvelichivaya blesk do poroga vidimosti nevooruzhennym glazom. Nebesnaya strannica dvizhetsya na sever po sozvezdiyam Centavra i Gidry, no, k sozhaleniyu, nahoditsya pod Solncem i nedostupna dlya nablyudenii s territorii nashei strany. Zato povezlo zhitelyam yuzhnogo polushariya Zemli (v yuzhnyh shirotah kometu mozhno nablyudat' dazhe v usloviyah dvoinoi vidimosti). V konce nedeli Luna pokroet zvezdu gamma Vesov pri vidimosti na Dal'nem Vostoke.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya k koncu nedeli do 23 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 9 chasov 55 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca za opisyvaemyi period uvelichitsya do 32,14 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Devy. Tekushie dannye o Solnce i vid ego poverhnosti na dannoe vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 19 oktyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya L'va, Devy, Vesov i Skorpiona, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,15- do 0, a zatem do 0,1+ i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii L'va. 17 oktyabrya Luna pri faze okolo 0,1- pokinet sozvezdie L'va, chtoby sblizit'sya s Marsom i Veneroi na utrennem nebe uzhe v sozvezdii Devy. 19 oktyabrya Luna primet fazu novoluniya i pereidet na vechernee nebo, proidya v etot zhe den' severnee Spiki. 20 oktyabrya tonkii serp sblizitsya s Merkuriem i Yupiterom, no oba yavleniya budut nedostupny dlya nablyudenii iz-za blizosti k Solncu. Na vechernem nebe molodoi mesyac pereidet v sozvezdie Vesov 20 oktyabrya i budet nahodit'sya nizko nad zapadnym gorizontom, postepenno sblizhayas' so zvezdoi gamma Vesov, pokryv ee 22 oktyabrya pri dnevnoi vidimosti na Dal'nem Vostoke strany. V noch' s 22 na 23 oktyabrya molodoi mesyac pobyvaet v sozvezdii Skorpiona i pereidet v sozvezdie Zmeenosca pri faze 0,1+. Faza Luny na tekushii moment. Fazy Luny na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii ne viden, Venera i Mars nablyudayutsya v utrennih sumerkah (Venera vidna takzhe i dnem), a Yupiter zakonchil vechernyuyu vidimost'. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie chasy, a Uran i Neptun vidny vsyu noch'. Podrobnye efemeridy planet i karty dvizheniya dayutsya v pechatnoi versii Astronomicheskogo kalendarya na 2017 god . Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html
Iz komet hvostataya strannica C/2015 ER61 (PanSTARRS) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca (bliz Pleyad) pri bleske slabee 12m. Kometa C/2017 O1 (ASASSN1) pri bleske yarche 9m dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyam Perseya i Zhirafa. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na oktyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2017 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov blesk 10m i vyshe na dannoi nedele budut imet': Cerera (8,6m) v sozvezdii Raka, Pallada (8,2m) v sozvezdii Eridana, Vesta (7,8m) v sozvezdii Devy, Irida (7,0m) v sozvezdii Ovna, Yuliya (9,7m) v sozvezdii Pegasa, Interamnia (9,9m) v sozvezdii Pegasa, Flora (9,9m) v sozvezdii Bliznecov i Nysa (9,8m) v sozvezdii Kita.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: V Volopasa 7,0m - 16 oktyabrya, Z Lebedya 8,7m - 16 oktyabrya, T Zhirafa 8,0m - 17 oktyabrya.
Iz osnovnyh meteornyh potokov naibolee aktivny Yuzhnye Tauridy i Orionidy .
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Regul, Luna - Mars, Luna - Venera, Venera - Mars, Yupiter - Spika, Saturn - Antares, Uran - omikron Ryb, Neptun - lyambda Vodoleya, Irida - al'fa Ovna, C/2017 O1 (ASASSN1) - Kapella, C/2015 ER61 (PanSTARRS) - Pleyady.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' na mesyac http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 16 oktyabrya - v 1736 godu, 17 oktyabrya - v 1781 godu, 18 oktyabrya - v 1800 godu, 19 oktyabrya - v 1408 godu, 20 oktyabrya - v 1827 godu, 21 oktyabrya - v 1930 godu, 22 oktyabrya - v 1604 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 20 oktyabrya (6 zatmenii!), a men'she vsego - 19, 21 i 22 oktyabrya (po 2 zatmeniya). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Astronomicheskie yavleniya proshlogo i tekushego stoletii imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy. Merkurii nahoditsya na vechernem nebe, no nablyudat' ee v srednih shirotah strany ne predstavlyaetsya vozmozhnym. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya priderzhivayutsya znacheniya 5 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -1m i faze okolo 1. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya k koncu nedeli ot 1,42 do 1,41 a.e. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2017 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2017 god, a dlya 2018 goda - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2017.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy. Utrennyaya zvezda vidna po utram u vostochnogo gorizonta, no blagodarya vysokomu blesku, nablyudat' ee mozhno i dnem. V teleskop nablyudaetsya oval (pochti disk) planety. Uglovoe rasstoyanie Venery ot Solnca umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 21 do 19 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr planety takzhe umen'shaetsya ot 10,8 do 10,6 uglovyh sekund, a blesk sostavlyaet -3,9m pri faze okolo 0,95. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 1,55 do 1,58 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2017.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy. Mars mozhno nablyudat' na fone utrennei zari u vostochnogo gorizonta bliz Venery. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,7m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 4 sekundy dugi. V teleskop s bol'shim uvelicheniem mozhno rassmotret' disk s naibolee krupnymi detalyami. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya do 2,46 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2017.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy (bliz Spiki). Yupiter zakonchil vechernyuyu vidimost'. Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 30 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -1,7m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 6,43 a.e. v konce nedeli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2017.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' vecherom u yugo-zapadnogo gorizonta. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 16 sekund dugi. Iz-za nizkogo polozheniya nad gorizontom izobrazhenie Saturna v pole zreniya teleskopa zamyvaetsya atmosfernymi potokami. Tem ne menee, mozhno nablyudat' i kol'co (pri naklone k nablyudatelyu pod uglom 27 gradusov) i nekotorye detali na diske planety (polosy), a iz sputnikov naibolee dostupen Titan (8,0m). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu do 10,62 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2017.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,7, d= 3,6 ugl. sek) dvizhetsya popyatno v sozvezdii Ryb (u granic s sozvezdiem Kita i Ovna) bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m). Uran viden vsyu noch'. Karta puti planety v techenie goda. Dlya rassmotreniya diska planety ponadobitsya teleskop s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' na temnom bezlunnom nebe (luchshe vsego bliz verhnei kul'minacii). Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 18,92 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2017.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,8, d= 2,4 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy lyambda Aqr (3,7m). Neptun nablyudaetsya pochti vsyu noch' nad yugo-vostochnym, yuzhnym i yugo-zapadnym gorizontom.. Karta puti planety v techenie goda. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya do 29,28 a.e. ( k koncu nedeli). Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2017.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (bliz trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii 33,63 a.e. ot Zemli k koncu nedeli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty .
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 16 Oct 2017 08h42m20.07s +22 47' 17.0" 2.618 2.681 8.7 75.6 46.62 94.0 Cnc 21 Oct 2017 08h48m54.90s +22 41' 25.8" 2.615 2.614 8.6 79.1 44.55 93.4 Cnc Pallada (2) 16 Oct 2017 03h14m52.91s -20 23' 46.1" 2.575 1.730 8.2 140.0 48.46 202.3 Eri 21 Oct 2017 03h11m59.58s -21 51' 02.6" 2.563 1.713 8.2 140.8 47.62 207.4 Eri Vesta (4) 16 Oct 2017 12h58m25.59s -00 51' 17.1" 2.258 3.232 7.8 10.1 76.34 112.2 Vir 21 Oct 2017 13h07m52.25s -01 48' 45.2" 2.253 3.216 7.9 12.3 76.49 111.9 Vir Irida (7) 16 Oct 2017 02h15m50.84s +23 00' 56.1" 1.845 0.873 7.2 161.0 26.87a href=http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1360173span style='font-weight:normal;mso-bidi-font-weight: bold'p class=MsoBodyTextIndent style='text-indent:0cm' 241.4 Ari 21 Oct 2017 02h12m12.66s +22 31' 45.8" 1.842 0.860 7.0 166.1 31.08 238.5 Ari Flora (8) 16 Oct 2017 6h57m14.05s +18 01.747' 1.905 1.477 9.9 98.9 44.98 94.0 Gem 21 Oct 2017 7h03m11.92s +17 55.859' 1.911 1.431 9.8 102.4 40.21 93.9 Gem Nysa (44) 16 Oct 2017 02h57m36.28s +10 19' 52.6" 2.307 1.357 9.9 156.8 28.59 245.3 Cet 21 Oct 2017 02h53m47.73s +09 55' 25.4" 2.299 1.330 9.8 162.4 32.63 247.5 Cet Yuliya (89) 16 Oct 2017 22h15m36.27s +10 52' 53.8" 2.080 1.263 9.7 133.7 4.56 223.9 Peg 21 Oct 2017 22h15m37.52s +10 46' 50.5" 2.081 1.303 9.8 129.3 4.42 127.7 Peg Interamnia (704) 16 Oct 2017 23h33m09.94s +26 53' 17.8" 2.587 1.685 10.0 148.2 27.34 222.6 Peg 21 Oct 2017 23h30m41.85s +26 11' 43.9" 2.586 1.705 10.0 145.3 25.80 214.1 Peg a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli.
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya moskovskoe =UT+3chasa (vsemirnoe vremya UT ukazyvaetsya otdel'no). Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2017 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii oktyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na oktyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2017 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike, kalendare Salsky i v Al'manahe .
16 oktyabrya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda V Volopasa bliz maksimuma bleska (6m).
17 oktyabrya, utro - Luna (F= 0,05-) bliz Marsa.
18 oktyabrya, utro - Luna (F= 0,03-) bliz Venery.
19 oktyabrya, 17 chasov 11 minut (UT) - Uran v protivostoyanii s Solncem.
19 oktyabrya, 22 chasa 11 minut - Novolunie.
20 oktyabrya, 14 chasov 11 minut - Maksimal'naya libraciya Luny 7,5 gradusov.
21 oktyabrya, 11 chasov 30 minut (UT) - Maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Orionidy (15 meteorov v chas).
22 oktyabrya, vecher - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda T Golubya bliz maksimuma bleska (6,5m).
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 19 oktyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 19 oktyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 19 oktyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N10 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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