Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 26 marta po 1 aprelya 2018 goda23.02.2018 20:01 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele Luna (F= 0,73+) proidet perigei svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 369110 km ot centra Zemli, a dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda X Zmeenosca dostignet maksimuma bleska (6m). 27 marta Luna (F= 0,76+) proidet yuzhnee zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44) bliz voshodyashego uzla svoei orbity. 28 marta proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,9+) zvezdy Regul pri vidimosti na severe i vostoke strany, a 29 marta Venera okazhetsya v 0,1 gr. k yugu ot Urana. 1 aprelya Merkurii proidet nizhnee soedinenie s Solncem.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 39 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 13 chasov 05 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca za opisyvaemyi period umen'shitsya do 32,0 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 31 marta. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Bliznecov, Raka, L'va i Devy, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,65+ do 1,0 i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Bliznecov, nahodyas' okolo tochki maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora i nablyudayas' bol'shuyu chast' nochi. V sozvezdie Raka lunnyi oval vstupit 26 marta, proidya perigei svoei orbity bliz zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli - M44. 27 marta yarkaya Luna pereidet vo vladeniya sozvezdiya L'va pri faze 0,83+ i poidet na sblizhenie s Regulom, kotoryi pokroet 28 marta uzhe pri faze 0,9+ i vidimosti v severnyh i vostochnyi raionah strany (bliz voshodyashego uzla svoei orbity). V sozvezdie Devy yarkii lunnyi disk pereidet 30 marta, a na sleduyushii den' zakonchit zdes' svoi put' po martovskomu nebu v faze polnoluniya bliz Spiki. V etom sozvezdii Luna nachnet put' po aprel'skomu nebu. Faza Luny na tekushii moment. Fazy Luny na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii i Veneru mozhno naiti na fone vechernei zari, Mars, Yupiter i Saturn vidny v utrennie chasy, Uran mozhno naiti v binokl' ili teleskop na vechernem nebe, a Neptun pereshel na utrennee nebo, no ego vidimost' nachnetsya na sleduyushei nedele. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2018 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364103 . Efemeridy planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica C/2016 R2 ( PanSTARRS ) vidna v sozvezdii Perseya , imeya blesk okolo 12m. Kometa PANSTARRS (C/2016 M1) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Orla pri bleske okolo 12m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na mart i KN na aprel', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi i udobnymi dlya nablyudenii na dannoi nedele budut: Cerera (7,9m) v sozvezdii Raka i Vesta (7,0m) v sozvezdii Strel'ca.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: S Kompasa 9,0m - 26 marta, X Zmeenosca 6,8m - 26 marta, Y Drakona 9,2m - 28 marta, S Bliznecov 9,0m - 29 marta, U Zmei 8,5m - 1 aprelya.
Iz osnovnyh meteornyh potokov aktivnyh net.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Yasli (M44), Luna - Regul, Luna - Spika, Mars - Saturn, Venera - Uran, Yupiter - al'fa Vesov, Uran - omikron Ryb, Neptun - lyambda Vodoleya.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 26 marta - v 1484 godu, 27 marta - v 1522 godu, 28 marta - v 0982 godu, 29 marta - v 2006 godu, 30 marta - v 1680 godu, 31 marta - v 1699 godu, 1 aprelya - v 0740 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 30 marta (9 zatmenii!), a men'she vsego 26 i 27 marta (po 2 zatmeniya). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Astronomicheskie yavleniya proshlogo i tekushego stoletii imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Merkurii nablyudaetsya na fone vechernei zari, bystro umen'shaya prodolzhitel'nost' vidimosti i zakanchivaya ee. Uglovoe rasstoyanie k vostoku ot Solnca umen'shaetsya do 3 gradusov k koncu nedeli, kogda planeta proidet nizhnee soedinenie s Solncem. Uglovye razmery planety dostigayut 11 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo +4m i faze umen'shayusheisya do 0,0. V nachale nedeli v teleskop mozhno uvidet' nebol'shoi serp. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,67 do 0,60 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2018 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2018.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Venera nahoditsya na vechernem nebe, postepenno otdalyayas' ot Solnca do 20 gradusov k koncu nedeli. Prodolzhitel'nost' vidimosti planety sostavlyaet okolo 2 chasov. Vidimyi diametr Venery priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 10,6 uglovyh sekund, a blesk sostavlyaet -4,0m pri faze okolo 0,95. V teleskop nablyudaetsya nebol'shoi disk bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 1,60 do 1,57 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2018.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Mars mozhno nablyudat' bolee dvuh chasov po utram v yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba. Blesk planety dostigaet +0,3m, a vidimyi diametr - 8,4 sekund dugi. V teleskop s bol'shim uvelicheniem mozhno rassmotret' disk s naibolee krupnymi detalyami. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,16 do 1,10 a.e. V etom godu 27 iyulya Mars dostignet velikogo protivostoyaniya (raz v 17 let). Stat'ya ob etom sobytii imeetsya v zhurnale Nebosvod za yanvar' 2018 goda. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2018.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vesov bliz zvezdy al'fa Vesov. Yupiter nablyudaetsya na nochnom i utrennem nebe okolo shesti chasov. Uglovoi diametr planety dostigaet 42,5 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli ot 4,69 do 4,62 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali, a takzhe pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na mart i KN na aprel'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2018.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' na utrennem nebe bolee dvuh chasov. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr - bolee 16 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 10,08 do 9,97 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2018.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,9, d= 3,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem v sozvezdii Ryb (u granic s sozvezdiem Kita i Ovna) bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m). Uran viden v vechernih sumerkah. mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 20,81 do 20,85 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2018.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy lyambda Aqr (3,7m). Neptun nahoditsya na utrennem nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 30,88 do 30,83 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2018.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (bliz trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty .
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 25 Mar 2018 8h41m59.30s +31 31.638' 2.560 1.915 7.8 119.7 9.19 153.8 Cnc 29 Mar 2018 8h42m43.81s +31 17.423' 2.560 1.958 7.9 116.1 12.32 140.5 Cnc Pallada (2) 25 Mar 2018 4h05m21.17s - 9 19.246' 2.233 2.587 9.1 58.4 70.72 65.5 Eri 29 Mar 2018 4h12m23.39s - 8 32.812' 2.226 2.610 9.1 56.8 71.96 66.5 Eri Vesta (4) 25 Mar 2018 17h49m44.26s -17 29.799' 2.157 1.804 7.1 96.5 43.73 90.4 Sgr 29 Mar 2018 17h54m28.25s -17 30.088' 2.157 1.757 7.1 99.3 40.85 90.1 Sgr Irida (7) 25 Mar 2018 4h35m29.87s +20 25.364' 1.981 2.161 9.9 66.2 76.42 84.5 Tau 29 Mar 2018 4h44m11.35s +20 36.334' 1.990 2.208 9.9 64.3 76.81 85.2 Tau a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli.
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2018 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii marta i aprelya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na mart i KN na aprel', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
26 marta, 17 chasov 14 minut - Luna (F= 0,73+) v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 369110 km ot centra Zemli.
27 marta, 10 chasov 56 minut - Luna (F= 0,8+) v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
28 marta, 14 chasov 20 minut - Pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,9+) zvezdy Regul pri vidimosti na severe i vostoke strany.
29 marta, vecher - Venera prohodit v 0,1 gr. k yugu ot Urana.
30 marta, vecher - Okonchanie vechernei vidimosti Me span style='font-weight:normal;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2018.htmlrkuriya.
31 marta, 12 chasov 37 minut - Polnolunie.
01 aprelya, 17 chasa 00 minut - Merkurii prohodit nizhnee soedinenie s Solncem.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid yugo-vostochnoi i yuzhnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 29 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-vostochnoi i yuzhnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 29 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 29 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N03 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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