Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 19 po 25 marta 2018 goda20.02.2018 21:55 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele Luna (F= 0,05+) proidet bliz Urana, a Merkurii - v 4 gradusah severnee Venery. Dolgoperiodicheskie peremennye zvezdy R L'va (5m) i X Edinoroga (6,5m) dostignut maksimuma bleska. 20 marta nastupit vesennee ravnodenstvie, i v etot zhe den' proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,1+) zvezdy ksi2 Kita (4,3m) pri vidimosti na Evropeikoi chasti Rossii. 21 marta Lunoi (F= 0,2+) pokroetsya zvezda 5 Tel'ca (4,1m) pri vidimosti na Evropeikoi chasti Rossii, a 22 marta Merkurii dostignet stoyaniya s perehodom k popyatnomu dvizheniyu i proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,31+) zvezdy Al'debaran (Giady) pri vidimosti na severe i vostoke strany. V konce nedeli Luna (F= 0,55+) okazhetsya v maksimal'nom sklonenii k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 36 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 12 chasov 30 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca za opisyvaemyi period umen'shitsya do 32,07 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu pervoi chetverti 24 marta. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Ryb, Ovna, Tel'ca i Bliznecov, izmenyaya fazu ot 0 do 0,65+ i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Ryb, proidya yuzhnee Urana pri faze 0,05+. Uvelichivaya fazu i nabiraya vysotu nad gorizontom, Luna 20 marta posetit sozvezdie Kita i v etot zhe den' pri faze 0,13+ pereidet v sozvezdie Ovna. V sozvezdii Ovna rastushii mesyac probudet nedolgo i 21 marta pereidet v sozvezdie Tel'ca pri faze blizkoi k 0,2+. Zdes' 22 marta rastushii serp (F= 0,3+) sovershit pokrytiya zvezd skopleniya Giady i Al'debarana pri vidimosti v vostochnyh i severnyh raionah strany. 24 marta pochti poludisk Luny posetit sozvezdie Oriona i primet fazu pervoi chetverti u granicy s sozvezdiem Bliznecov. Zdes' nochnoe svetilo proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora, nablyudayas' bol'shuyu chast' nochi. Faza Luny na tekushii moment. Fazy Luny na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii i Veneru mozhno naiti na fone vechernei zari, Mars, Yupiter i Saturn vidny v utrennie chasy, Uran mozhno naiti v binokl' ili teleskop na vechernem nebe, a Neptun pereshel na utrennee nebo, no ego vidimost' nachnetsya tol'ko v aprele. Podrobnye efemeridy planet i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2018 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364103 . Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica C/2016 R2 ( PanSTARRS ) vidna v sozvezdii Perseya , imeya blesk okolo 11m. Kometa PANSTARRS (C/2016 M1) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Orla pri bleske okolo 12m. Yarkost' okolo 11m imeet kometa 185P/Petriew. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na mart, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi i udobnymi dlya nablyudenii na dannoi nedele budut: Cerera (7,7m) v sozvezdii Raka i Vesta (7,1m) v sozvezdii Strel'ca.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: R Tel'ca 8,6m - 19 marta, X Edinoroga 7,4m - 19 marta, R L'va 5,8m - 19 marta, W Gerkulesa 8,3m - 19 marta, X Gidry 8,4m - 20 marta, U Kassiopei 8,4m - 21 marta, SS Zmeenosca 8,7m - 21 marta.
Iz osnovnyh meteornyh potokov aktivnyh net.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Uran, Luna - Al'debaran, Merkurii - Venera, Mars - Saturn, Yupiter - al'fa Vesov, Uran - omikron Ryb, Neptun - lyambda Vodoleya.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 19 marta - v 1113 godu, 20 marta - v 2015 godu, 21 marta v 1159 godu, 22 marta - v 0201 godu, 23 marta - v 1308 godu, 24 marta - v 1811 godu, 25 marta - v 1857 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 25 marta (9 zatmenii!), a men'she vsego 22 marta (2 zatmeniya). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Astronomicheskie yavleniya proshlogo i tekushego stoletii imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ryb bliz Venery, menyaya dvizhenie na popyatnoe 22 marta. Merkurii nablyudaetsya na fone vechernei zari okolo chasa. Uglovoe rasstoyanie k vostoku ot Solnca umen'shaetsya do 12 gradusov k koncu nedeli. Uglovye razmery planety dostigayut 10 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo +2m i faze umen'shayusheisya do 0,1. V teleskop mozhno uvidet' nebol'shoi poludisk (s detalyami pri horoshei prozrachnosti neba), prevrashayushiisya v serp. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,82 do 0,67 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2018 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2018.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Venera nahoditsya na vechernem nebe, postepenno otdalyayas' ot Solnca do 18,5 gradusov k koncu nedeli. Vechernyuyu zvezdu mozhno naiti v luchah zahodyashego Solnca, a obshaya prodolzhitel'nost' vechernei vidimosti sostavlyaet okolo 2 chasov. Vidimyi diametr planety priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 10,5 uglovyh sekund, a blesk sostavlyaet -4,0m pri faze okolo 0,95. V teleskop nablyudaetsya nebol'shoi disk bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya do 1,60 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2018.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Mars mozhno nablyudat' v utrennie chasy v yugo-vostochnoi i yuzhnoi chasti neba (mezhdu Yupiterom i Saturnom). Blesk planety dostigaet +0,4m, a vidimyi diametr - 8,0 sekund dugi. V teleskop s bol'shim uvelicheniem mozhno rassmotret' disk s naibolee krupnymi detalyami. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,23 do 1,16 a.e. V etom godu 27 iyulya Mars dostignet velikogo protivostoyaniya (raz 17 let). Stat'ya ob etom sobytii imeetsya v zhurnale Nebosvod za yanvar' 2018 goda. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2018.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vesov bliz zvezdy al'fa Vesov. Yupiter nablyudaetsya na nochnom i utrennem nebe okolo shesti chasov. Uglovoi diametr planety dostigaet 42,0 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli ot 4,78 do 4,69 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali, a takzhe pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na mart. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2018.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' na utrennem nebe bolee dvuh chasov. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr - bolee 16 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 10,20 do 10,08 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2018.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,9, d= 3,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem v sozvezdii Ryb (u granic s sozvezdiem Kita i Ovna) bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m). Uran viden po vecheram. Dlya rassmotreniya diska planety ponadobitsya teleskop s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 20,76 do 20,81 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2018.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy lyambda Aqr (3,7m). Neptun zakonchil vechernyuyu vidimost'. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 30,91 do 30,88 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2018.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (bliz trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty .
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 21 Mar 2018 8h41m43.61s +31 43.724' 2.561 1.873 7.7 123.4 6.85 178.8 Cnc 25 Mar 2018 8h41m59.30s +31 31.638' 2.560 1.915 7.8 119.7 9.19 153.8 Cnc Pallada (2) 21 Mar 2018 3h58m29.05s -10 06.714' 2.239 2.563 9.1 60.1 69.40 64.4 Eri 25 Mar 2018 4h05m21.17s - 9 19.246' 2.233 2.587 9.1 58.4 70.72 65.5 Eri Vesta (4) 21 Mar 2018 17h44m41.57s -17 29.040' 2.159 1.851 7.2 93.7 46.44 90.8 Sgr 25 Mar 2018 17h49m44.26s -17 29.799' 2.157 1.804 7.1 96.5 43.73 90.4 Sgr Irida (7) 21 Mar 2018 4h26m52.54s +20 13.075' 1.973 2.114 9.9 68.2 75.95 83.9 Tau 25 Mar 2018 4h35m29.87s +20 25.364' 1.981 2.161 9.9 66.2 76.42 84.5 Tau a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli.
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2018 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii marta mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na mart, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
19 marta, vecher - Luna (F= 0,05+) bliz Urana, a Venera v 4 gr. yuzhnee Merkuriya.
20 marta, 16 chasov 15 minut - Vesennee ravnodenstvie.
21 marta, 19 chasov 48 minut - Pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,2+) zvezdy 5 Tel'ca (4,1m) pri vidimosti na Evropeikoi chasti Rossii.
22 marta, 18 chasov 00 minut - Merkurii v stoyanii s perehodom k popyatnomu dvizheniyu.
23 marta i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R L'va bliz maksimuma bleska (5m).
24 marta, 15 chasov 35 minut - Luna v faze pervoi chetverti.
25 marta, 02 chasa 00 minut - Luna (F= 0,55+) v maksimal'nom sklonenii k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid yugo-vostochnoi i yuzhnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 22 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-vostochnoi i yuzhnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 22 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 22 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N03 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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