Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 4 po 10 iyunya 2018 goda1.06.2018 8:20 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele Merkurii prohodit perigelii svoei orbity i dostigaet verhnego soedineniya s Solncem (6 iyunya). V etot zhe den' Luna v faze poslednei chetverti prohodit yuzhnee Neptuna i pokroet zvezdy psi1 i psi2 Vodoleya, a 7 iyunya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda RR Skorpiona dostigaet maksimuma bleska (5m). 8 iyunya Venera prohodit v 5 gradusah yuzhnee Polluksa, a v konce nedeli Luna (F= 0,19-) prohodit yuzhnee Urana. Krome etogo, prodolzhaetsya sezon serebristyh oblakov, kotorye poyavlyayutsya na fone vechernih i utrennih sumerek. Vesta imeet 6 zvezdnuyu velichinu i mozhet byt' naidena nevooruzhennym glazom pri blagopriyatnyh usloviyah.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 57 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 17 chasov 30 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca za opisyvaemyi period umen'shitsya do 31,50 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu poslednei chetverti 6 iyunya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Kozeroga, Vodoleya i Ryb, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,75- do 0,10- i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Kozeroga, kotoroe pokinet 5 iyunya pri faze menee 0,65, i pereidet v sozvezdie Vodoleya, ustremivshis' k Neptunu. Yuzhnee dalekoi planety nochnoe svetilo proidet 6 iyunya v faze poslednei chetverti, nablyudayas' v predrassvetnye chasy nad vostochnym gorizontom. 7 iyunya uzhe lunnyi serp (F= 0,4-) peresechet granicu pereidet v sozvezdie Ryb, a 8 iyunya provedet v sozvezdii Kita, umen'shiv fazu do 0,27-. 9 iyunya stareyushii mesyac provedet v sozvezdii Ryb, a 10 iyunya snova posetit sozvezdie Kita, proidya yuzhnee Urana. Faza Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Venera yarko siyaet na fone vechernei zari. Merkurii ne viden. Mars i Saturn vidny noch'yu i utrom, Yupiter nablyudaetsya vsyu noch', a Uran i Neptun mozhno naiti na utrennem nebe. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2018 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364103 . Efemeridy planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Giacobini-Zinner (21P) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Lebedya, imeya blesk slabee 12m. Kometa PANSTARRS (C/2016 M1) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca pri bleske okolo 10m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na iyun', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi i udobnymi dlya nablyudenii na dannoi nedele budut: Cerera (8,7m) v sozvezdii L'va i Vesta (5,6m) v sozvezdii Strel'ca. Vestu pri blagopriyatnyh usloviyah mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: Z Strel'ca 8,6m - 5 iyunya, T Golubya 7,5m - 6 iyunya, RR Skorpiona 5,9m - 7 iyunya, RV Strel'ca 7,8m - 10 iyunya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Neptun, Luna - Uran, Mars - Saturn, Saturn - Vesta, Saturn - M22, Vesta - M24, Venera Polluks, Yupiter - al'fa Vesov, Uran - omikron Ryb, Neptun - lyambda Vodoleya.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 04 iyunya - v 1788 godu, 05 iyunya - v 1369 godu, 06 iyunya - v 1807 godu, 07 iyunya - v 1453 godu, 08 iyunya - v 1956 godu, 09 iyunya - v 1592 godu, 10 iyunya - v 1630 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 10 iyunya (8 zatmenii!), a men'she vsego 5 i 9 iyunya (po 3 zatmeniya). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Astronomicheskie yavleniya proshlogo i tekushego stoletii imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Merkurii prohodit verhnee soedinenie s Solncem v seredine nedeli i perehodit s utrennego na vechernee nebo, no ne viden, t.k. elongaciya planety k koncu nedeli uvelichivaetsya lish' do 6 gradusov. Uglovye razmery planety sostavlyayut okolo 5 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -2m i faze, blizkoi k 1. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,32 do 1,30 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2018 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2018.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov. Venera yarkoi zvezdoi vidna na vechernem nebe, postepenno otdalyayas' ot Solnca do 36,5 gradusov k koncu nedeli. Prodolzhitel'nost' vidimosti planety sostavlyaet bolee 2 chasov. Vidimyi diametr Venery uvelichivaetsya do 13,8 uglovyh sekund, a blesk sostavlyaet -4,0m pri faze okolo 0,8. V teleskop nablyudaetsya nebol'shoi disk bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 1,25 do 1,20 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2018.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Mars mozhno nablyudat' v utrennie chasy v yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba. Blesk planety dostigaet -1,5m, a vidimyi diametr - 17,0 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno rassmotret' disk s detalyami poverhnosti planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,59 do 0,55 a.e. V etom godu 27 iyulya Mars dostignet velikogo protivostoyaniya (raz v 17 let). Stat'ya ob etom sobytii imeetsya v zhurnale Nebosvod za yanvar' 2018 goda. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2018.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vesov bliz zvezdy al'fa Vesov. Yupiter nablyudaetsya vsyu noch'. Uglovoi diametr planety umen'shaetsya do 43,4 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,3m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli, vozrastayushem za nedelyu do 4,54 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali, a takzhe pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na iyun'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2018.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' posle polunochi (okolo 4 chasov). Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,1m, a uglovoi diametr dostigaet 18,3 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 9,13 do 9,09 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2018.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem v sozvezdii Ovna (u granic s sozvezdiem Kita i Ryb), bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m). Uran nahoditsya na utrennem nebe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 20,62 do 20,54 a.e.. V otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki pri prozrachnom nebe planetu mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom, no v srednih shirotah takaya vozmozhnost' predstavitsya lish' v konce leta. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2018.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy lyambda Aqr (3,7m). Neptun nahoditsya na utrennem nebe, a naiti ego mozhno pri pomoshi binoklya ili teleskopa. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 29,98 do 29,86 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2018.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (bliz trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty .
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 5 Jun 2018 9h46m48.34s +23 39.426' 2.560 2.776 8.7 67.2 52.56 115.3 Leo 9 Jun 2018 9h52m23.48s +23 03.009' 2.561 2.821 8.7 64.9 53.82 115.3 Leo Pallada (2) 5 Jun 2018 6h30m31.77s + 0 42.675' 2.150 2.934 9.0 32.6 82.97 82.7 Mon 9 Jun 2018 6h39m19.57s + 0 58.482' 2.147 2.949 9.0 31.3 83.13 83.6 Mon Yunona (3) 5 Jun 2018 1h06m38.79s + 5 55.599' 2.229 2.623 10.0 56.4 70.90 75.3 Psc 9 Jun 2018 1h13m59.99s + 6 23.859' 2.219 2.576 10.0 58.4 70.64 75.8 Psc Vesta (4) 5 Jun 2018 18h06m53.98s -18 49.110' 2.154 1.166 5.7 161.8 31.57 253.8 Sgr 9 Jun 2018 18h03m19.32s -19 03.715' 2.154 1.155 5.6 166.4 34.37 254.1 Sgr Metida (9) 5 Jun 2018 17h51m52.80s -25 34.505' 2.676 1.681 10.0 165.7 34.26 261.7 Sgr 9 Jun 2018 17h47m45.85s -25 42.065' 2.675 1.669 9.9 170.4 35.88 262.8 Sgr Amfitrita (29) 5 Jun 2018 17h43m35.80s -32 56.840' 2.724 1.733 9.7 164.3 32.18 266.4 Sco 9 Jun 2018 17h39m25.26s -32 59.129' 2.723 1.722 9.6 167.7 33.50 268.6 Sco a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli.
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2018 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii iyunya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na iyun', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
04 iyunya i vsyu nedelyu, sumerki - Vozmozhnost' poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov na sumerechnom segmente.
05 iyunya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda Z Strel'ca bliz maksimuma bleska (7,5m).
06 iyunya, 18 chasov 32 minuty - Luna v faze poslednei chetverti.
07 iyunya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda RR Skorpiona bliz maksimuma bleska (5m).
08 iyunya, vecher - Venera prohodit v 5 gradusah yuzhnee Polluksa.
09 iyunya, vecher - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda RV Strel'ca bliz maksimuma bleska (6,5m).
10 iyunya, utro - Luna (F= 0,19-) prohodit yuzhnee Urana.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid yugo-vostochnoi i yuzhnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 7 iyunya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-vostochnoi i yuzhnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 7 iyunya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid zapadnoi i severo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 7 iyunya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya 06 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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