Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 25 iyunya po 1 iyulya 2018 goda22.06.2018 8:02 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele Merkurii proidet v 5 gradusah k yugu ot Polluksa, dolgoperiodicheskie peremennye zvezdy V Volopasa (6m), R Zmei (6m), R Vodoleya (5,5m) i R Kassiopei (6m) dostigayut maksimuma bleska. 27 iyunya Saturn vstupaet v protivostoyanie s Solncem, a meteornyi potok Iyun'skie Bootidy dostigaet maksimuma deistviya. Na sleduyushii den' Luna v faze polnoluniya proidet severnee Saturna, a Mars smenit pryamoe dvizhenie na popyatnoe. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,99-) prohodit tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora, a 30 iyunya pri faze 0,97- prohodit apogei svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 406060 km ot centra Zemli bliz nishodyashii uzel svoei orbity. V noch' s 30 iyunya po 1 iyulya Luna pri faze okolo 0,9- budet nahodit'sya severnee Marsa. Krome etogo, prodolzhaetsya sezon serebristyh oblakov, kotorye poyavlyayutsya na fone vechernih i utrennih sumerek. Vesta imeet blesk yarche 6 zvezdnoi velichiny i mozhet byt' naidena nevooruzhennym glazom pri blagopriyatnyh usloviyah.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy imeet znachenie 57 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - 17 chasov 30 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca za opisyvaemyi period priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 31,47 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 28 iyunya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Vesov, Skorpiona, Zmeenosca, Strel'ca, Kozeroga, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,9+ do 1,0, a zatem do 0,9- i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii do serediny nedeli (a zatem uvelichivaya). Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Vesov i v pervyi den' nedeli pereidet v sozvezdie Skorpiona pri faze 0,92+. V etot zhe den' yarkii lunnyi disk peresechet granicu s sozvezdiem Zmeenosca, i budet nablyudat'sya nizko nad gorizontom vsyu korotkuyu noch'. 27 iyunya Luna (F= 0,99+) pereidet v sozvezdie Strel'ca i primet zdes' fazu polnoluniya bliz maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora. 28 iyunya nochnoe svetilo proidet severnee Saturna i ustremitsya k sozvezdiyu Kozeroga, v kotoroe voidet 30 iyunya pri faze 0,96-. V etom sozvezdii Luna, nahodyas' severnee Marsa i bliz nishodyashego uzla svoei orbity, zakonchit svoi put' po iyun'skomu nebu pri faze 0,93-. V sozvezdii Kozeroga nochnoe svetilo probudet do konca nedeli, sniziv fazu do 0,88-.
Faza Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii viden v luchah zahodyashego Solnca. Venera yarko siyaet na fone vechernei zari. Mars i Saturn vidny noch'yu i utrom, Yupiter nablyudaetsya bol'shuyu chast' nochi, a Uran i Neptun mozhno naiti na utrennem nebe. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2018 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364103 . Efemeridy planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Giacobini-Zinner (21P) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Lebedya, imeya blesk okolo 12m. Kometa PANSTARRS (C/2016 M1) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyam Yuzhnoi Korony i Skorpiona pri bleske okolo 9m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na iyun', KN na iyul', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi i udobnymi dlya nablyudenii na dannoi nedele budut: Cerera (8,8m) v sozvezdii L'va i Vesta (5,4m) v sozvezdii Strel'ca i Zmeenosca. Vestu pri blagopriyatnyh usloviyah mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: V Volopasa 7,0m - 25 iyunya, R Zmei 6,9m - 25 iyunya, T Ovna 8,3m - 27 iyunya, RZ Skorpiona 8,8m - 27 iyunya, V Edinoroga 7,0m - 28 iyunya, V Voznichego 9,2m - 29 iyunya, R Vodoleya 6,5m - 29 iyunya, X Andromedy 9,0m - 30 iyunya, R Kassiopei 7,0m - 30 iyunya, Z Kita 8,9m - 1 iyulya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Antares, Luna - Saturn, Luna - Mars, Merkurii - Polluks, Merkurii - Yasli (M44), Venera - Regul, Mars - Saturn, Saturn - Vesta, Saturn - M22, Vesta - M23, Yupiter - al'fa Vesov, Uran - omikron Ryb, Neptun - lyambda Vodoleya.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 25 iyunya - v 1294 godu, 26 iyunya - v 1824 godu, 27 iyunya - v 1843 godu, 28 iyunya - v 1489 godu, 29 iyunya - v 1927 godu, 30 iyunya - v 1992 godu, 01 iyulya - v 1628 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 25, 26, 30 iyunya i 1 iyulya (po 6 zatmenii), a men'she vsego 28 iyunya (3 zatmeniya). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Astronomicheskie yavleniya proshlogo i tekushego stoletii imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov, 27 iyunya perehodya v sozvezdie Raka. Merkurii nablyudaetsya v luchah zahodyashego Solnca, a elongaciya planety k koncu nedeli uvelichivaetsya do 24 gradusov. Uglovye razmery planety sostavlyayut okolo 6 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo 0m i faze, blizkoi k 0,8. V teleskop nablyudaetsya krohotnyi oval bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,13 do 1,00 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2018 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2018.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Raka, 29 iyunya perehodya v sozvezdie L'va. Venera yarkoi zvezdoi vidna na vechernem nebe, postepenno otdalyayas' ot Solnca do 41 gradusa k koncu nedeli. Prodolzhitel'nost' vidimosti planety sostavlyaet bolee 2 chasov, no ona vidna dazhe dnem nevooruzhennym glazom. Vidimyi diametr Venery uvelichivaetsya do 15,8 uglovyh sekund, a blesk sostavlyaet -4,0m pri faze okolo 0,7. V teleskop nablyudaetsya nebol'shoi oval bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 1,10 do 1,05 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2018.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga, 28 iyunya menyaya dvizhenie na popyatnoe. Mars mozhno nablyudat' v utrennie chasy v yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba. Blesk planety dostigaet -2,1m, a vidimyi diametr - 21,0 sekund dugi. Idet blagopriyatnyi period nablyudenii planety. V teleskop mozhno rassmotret' disk s detalyami poverhnosti planety. Fotografirovanie planety s nalozheniem izobrazhenii pri pomoshi programmnogo obespecheniya, dadut luchshii rezul'tat po sravneniyu s vizual'nymi nablyudeniyami. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,47 do 0,44 a.e. V etom godu 27 iyulya Mars dostignet velikogo protivostoyaniya (raz v 17 let). Stat'ya ob etom sobytii imeetsya v zhurnale Nebosvod za yanvar' 2018 goda. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2018.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vesov bliz zvezdy al'fa Vesov. Yupiter nablyudaetsya bol'shuyu chast' nochi. Uglovoi diametr planety umen'shaetsya do 41,3 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli, vozrastayushem za nedelyu do 4,77 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali, a takzhe pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na iyun' i KN na iyul',. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2018.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Planetu mozhno nablyudat' vsyu noch', t.k. nahoditsya ona v protivostoyanii s Solncem. Blesk planety imeet znachenie 0m, a uglovoi diametr sostavlyaet 18,4 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 9,05 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2018.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem v sozvezdii Ovna (u granic s sozvezdiem Kita i Ryb), bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m). Uran nahoditsya na utrennem nebe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 20,35 do 20,24 a.e.. V otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki pri prozrachnom nebe planetu mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom, no v srednih shirotah takaya vozmozhnost' predstavitsya lish' v konce leta. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2018.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy lyambda Aqr (3,7m).. Neptun nahoditsya na nochnom i utrennem nebe, a naiti ego mozhno pri pomoshi binoklya ili teleskopa. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 29,64 do 29,52 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2018.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty .
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 25 Jun 2018 10h15m39.06s +20 29.174' 2.564 2.994 8.8 55.8 58.04 115.5 Leo 29 Jun 2018 10h21m38.73s +19 48.852' 2.564 3.035 8.8 53.5 58.90 115.6 Leo Pallada (2) 25 Jun 2018 7h14m44.69s + 1 41.539' 2.139 3.003 8.9 26.3 83.28 87.1 CMi 29 Jun 2018 7h23m37.25s + 1 47.374' 2.137 3.015 8.9 25.0 83.22 87.9 CMi Yunona (3) 25 Jun 2018 1h43m18.91s + 8 03.784' 2.181 2.380 9.8 66.3 69.09 78.5 Psc 29 Jun 2018 1h50m35.87s + 8 24.978' 2.172 2.331 9.8 68.3 68.61 79.3 Psc Vesta (4) 25 Jun 2018 17h47m14.65s -20 09.380' 2.158 1.145 5.4 173.0 37.18 253.1 Sgr 29 Jun 2018 17h43m16.57s -20 26.748' 2.159 1.153 5.5 168.7 35.76 252.3 Oph Metida (9) 25 Jun 2018 17h30m25.39s -26 04.094' 2.671 1.665 9.9 169.8 35.78 266.2 Oph 29 Jun 2018 17h26m16.18s -26 07.444' 2.670 1.675 10.0 165.2 34.17 266.9 Oph Amfitrita (29) 25 Jun 2018 17h22m11.80s -32 48.110' 2.717 1.722 9.6 165.3 32.80 277.2 Sco 29 Jun 2018 17h18m10.51s -32 40.671' 2.716 1.733 9.7 161.5 31.21 279.5 Sco a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli.
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2018 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii iyunya i iyulya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na iyun', KN na iyul', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
25 iyunya, vecher - Merkurii prohodit v 5 gradusah k yugu ot Polluksa.
26 iyunya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskie peremennye zvezdy V Volopasa (6m), R Zmei (6m) dostigayut maksimuma bleska.
27 iyunya, 13 chasov 00 minut - Saturn v protivostoyanii s Solncem.
28 iyunya, 04 chasa 53 minuty - Polnolunie.
29 iyunya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Vodoleya bliz maksimuma bleska (5,5m).
30 iyunya, 02 chasa 45 minut - Luna (F= 0,97-) prohodit apogei svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 406060 km ot centra Zemli.
01 iyulya i vsyu nedelyu, sumerki - Vozmozhnost' poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov na sumerechnom segmente.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 28 iyunya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 28 iyunya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid zapadnoi i severo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 28 iyunya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N06 i 07 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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