Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 10 po 16 sentyabrya 2018 goda7.09.2018 7:16 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 12 sentyabrya Luna pri faze 0,1+ proidet severnee Venery i Spiki, v seredine nedeli Luna budet imet' maksimal'nuyu libraciyu po shirote i dolgote (7 gradusov), a 14 sentyabrya pri faze 0,24+ proidet severnee Yupitera. 16 sentyabrya Mars proidet perigelii svoei orbity. Krome etogo, prodolzhaetsya sezon serebristyh oblakov, kotorye poyavlyayutsya na fone vechernih i utrennih sumerek, a kometa P/Giacobini-Zinner (21P) imeet pochti maksimal'nyi blesk (yarche 8m) i blagopriyatnye usloviya nablyudenii na territorii nashei strany.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya do 37 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 12 chasov 40 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca za opisyvaemyi period uvelichivaetsya do 31,81 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu L'va. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu pervoi chetverti 16 sentyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya L'va, Devy, Vesov, Skorpiona, Zmeenosca, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,0 do 0,5+ i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii L'va, nablyudayas' na vechernem nebe. Sozvezdiya Devy molodoi mesyac dostignet 10 sentyabrya pri faze 0,02+. Postepenno uvelichivaya fazu, Luna 12 sentyabrya budet nablyudat'sya bliz Spiki i Venery (F= 0,1+), nahodyas' dostatochno nizko nad gorizontom. 13 sentyabrya lunnyi serp (F= 0,15+) dostignet sozvezdiya Vesov i proidet severnee Yupitera uzhe 14 sentyabrya pri faze 0,24+. V sozvezdii Vesov Luna probudet do 15 sentyabrya, kogda posetit sozvezdie Skorpiona pri faze 0,33+. V etot zhe den' lunnyi serp pri faze 0,37+ pereidet v sozvezdie Zmeenosca, i budet nablyudat'sya nizko nad gorizontom v vechernee i nochnoe vremya. V etom sozvezdii Luna 16 sentyabrya primet fazu pervoi chetverti. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii viden v luchah voshodyashego Solnca, a Venera nablyudaetsya na fone vechernei zari (vidna takzhe i dnem). Mars, Saturn i Yupiter mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie chasy, a Uran i Neptun vidny prakticheski vsyu noch'. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2018 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364103. Efemeridy planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Giacobini-Zinner (21P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Voznichego i Bliznecov, imeya blesk yarche 8m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi i udobnymi dlya nablyudenii na dannoi nedele budut: Vesta (7,1m) v sozvezdii Strel'ca i Yunona (8,6m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: S Gidry 7,8m - 10 sentyabrya, S Malogo L'va 8,6m - 10 sentyabrya, V Devy 8,9m - 12 sentyabrya, X Severnoi Korony 9,1m - 13 sentyabrya, U Maloi Medvedicy 8,2m - 16 sentyabrya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Spika, Luna - Venera, Luna - Yupiter, Luna - Antares, Luna - Saturn, Merkurii - Regul, Venera - Spika, Saturn - M21, Vesta - teta Zmeenosca, Yupiter - al'fa Vesov, Uran - omikron Ryb, Neptun - lyambda Vodoleya.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 10 sentyabrya - v 1923 godu, 11 sentyabrya - v 1029 godu, 12 sentyabrya - v 1950 godu, 13 sentyabrya - v 1178 godu, 14 sentyabrya - v 1708 godu, 15 sentyabrya - v 1746 godu, 16 sentyabrya - v 1773 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 13 sentyabrya (7 zatmenii !), a men'she vsego 14 sentyabrya (2 zatmeniya). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu L'va. Merkurii v nachale nedeli nablyudaetsya na fone utrennei zari, a zatem skryvaetsya v luchah voshodyashego Solnca. Elongaciya planety za nedelyu umen'shaetsya do 4 gradusov. Uglovye razmery planety umen'shayutsya ot 5,3 do 5,0 sekund dugi pri bleske, vozrastayushem ot -1,3m do -1,5m i faze, uvelichivayusheisya ot 0,9 do 1,0. Zakanchivaetsya samaya luchshaya utrennyaya vidimost' Merkuriya v 2018 godu. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide krohotnogo diska. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,26 do 1,36 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2018 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2018.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy bliz Spiki. Venera vidna na vechernem nebe, postepenno sblizhayas' s Solncem (do 41 gradusa k koncu nedeli). Prodolzhitel'nost' vechernei vidimosti planety v srednih shirotah sostavlyaet okolo poluchasa, no ona vidna dazhe dnem nevooruzhennym glazom. Vidimyi diametr Venery uvelichivaetsya do 36,8 uglovyh sekund, a blesk sostavlyaet -4,6m pri faze okolo 0,3. V teleskop nablyudaetsya nebol'shoi poludisk bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 0,50 do 0,45 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2018.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Mars mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie i nochnye chasy v yuzhnoi chasti neba v vide yarkoi krasnovatoi zvezdy. Blesk planety snizhaetsya do -1,6m, a vidimyi diametr - do 18,0 sekund dugi. Idet blagopriyatnyi period nablyudenii Marsa. V teleskop mozhno rassmotret' disk s detalyami poverhnosti planety. Fotografirovanie planety s nalozheniem izobrazhenii pri pomoshi programmnogo obespecheniya, dadut luchshii rezul'tat po sravneniyu s vizual'nymi nablyudeniyami. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,49 do 0,52 a.e.. 27 iyulya Mars proshel velikoe protivostoyanie (kotoroe byvaet raz v 17 let). Stat'ya ob etom astronomicheskom sobytii imeetsya v zhurnale Nebosvod za yanvar' 2018 goda i na Astronet. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2018.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vesov bliz zvezdy al'fa Vesov. Yupiter nablyudaetsya v vechernie chasy. Uglovoi diametr planety umen'shaetsya do 33,5 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -1,8m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli, vozrastayushem za nedelyu do 5,88 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali, a takzhe pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2018.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Planetu mozhno nablyudat' vecherom i noch'yu. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,4m, a uglovoi diametr umen'shaetsya do 16,8 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno razglyadet' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya do 9,86 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2018.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno v sozvezdii Ovna (u granic s sozvezdiem Kita i Ryb), bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m). Uran mozhno nablyudat' pochti vsyu noch'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 19,15 do 19,07a.e.. V otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki pri prozrachnom nebe planetu mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2018.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy lyambda Aqr (3,7m). Neptun viden vsyu noch', a naiti ego mozhno pri pomoshi binoklya ili teleskopa. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 28,94 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2018.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 11 Sep 2018 12h18m41.41s + 6 01.787' 2.588 3.543 8.6 15.7 67.13 115.5 Vir 16 Sep 2018 12h26m49.35s + 5 04.120' 2.591 3.558 8.6 13.4 67.27 115.3 Vir Pallada (2) 11 Sep 2018 10h02m52.72s - 1 03.635' 2.153 3.079 8.9 19.1 77.54 98.8 Sex 16 Sep 2018 10h13m03.17s - 1 27.574' 2.157 3.069 8.9 20.6 76.89 99.1 Sex Yunona (3) 11 Sep 2018 3h47m16.74s + 8 00.203' 2.034 1.442 8.7 111.1 43.54 113.5 Tau 16 Sep 2018 3h52m21.52s + 7 23.072' 2.028 1.390 8.6 114.7 40.61 119.1 Tau Vesta (4) 11 Sep 2018 17h49m57.57s -25 04.411' 2.194 1.786 7.1 99.8 40.13 98.8 Sgr 16 Sep 2018 17h56m03.73s -25 15.891' 2.197 1.847 7.2 96.3 43.49 97.0 Sgr Geba (6) 11 Sep 2018 5h57m06.92s + 8 23.617' 2.013 1.943 9.8 79.1 60.50 98.6 Ori 16 Sep 2018 6h04m58.26s + 8 04.624' 2.020 1.900 9.8 81.9 57.60 100.0 Ori Uraniya (30) 11 Sep 2018 23h47m20.47s + 1 42.715' 2.125 1.126 9.9 169.8 34.51 251.9 Psc 16 Sep 2018 23h42m51.40s + 1 20.063' 2.120 1.116 9.7 175.2 36.23 250.9 Psc Thyra (115) 11 Sep 2018 22h18m46.72s + 2 41.694' 2.105 1.119 9.9 163.9 39.29 268.6 Peg 16 Sep 2018 22h13m44.59s + 2 38.563' 2.096 1.125 10.0 159.3 35.99 266.7 Peg a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2018 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii sentyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
10 sentyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, sumerki - Vozmozhnost' poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov na sumerechnom segmente.
11 sentyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,06+) bliz Spiki.
12 sentyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,12+) bliz Venery.
13 sentyabrya, 03 chasa 19 minut - Maksimal'naya libraciya Luny po shirote (6,7 gradusov)
14 sentyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,29+) bliz Yupitera.
15 sentyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,38+) bliz Antaresa.
16 sentyabrya, 23 chasa 15 minut - Luna v faze pervoi chetverti.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 13 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 13 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 13 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N09 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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