Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 17 po 23 sentyabrya 2018 goda14.09.2018 7:01 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 17 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,57+) proidet severnee Saturna, a na sleduyushii den' pri faze 0,64+ dostignet tochki maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvator. 18 sentyabrya proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,67+) zvezdy omikron Strel'ca (3,8m) pri vidimosti na Evropeiskoi chasti Rossii, a na sleduyushii den' asteroid Uraniya (30) vstupit v protivostoyanie s Solncem. V seredine nedeli dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Rysi dostignet maksimuma bleska (6,5m), a Luna (F= 0,78+) proidet apogei svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 404875 km ot centra Zemli bliz nishodyashego uzla svoei orbity i okolo Marsa. 21 sentyabrya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Gidry dostignet maksimuma bleska (3,5m), a Merkurii okazhetsya v verhnem soedinenii s Solncem. 23 sentyabrya nastupit osennee ravnodenstvie, a Luna (F= 0,97+) proidet yuzhnee Neptuna. Krome etogo, prodolzhaetsya sezon serebristyh oblakov, kotorye poyavlyayutsya na fone vechernih i utrennih sumerek, a kometa P/Giacobini-Zinner (21P) imeet blesk yarche 8m i dostatochno blagopriyatnye usloviya nablyudenii na territorii nashei strany.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya do 34 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 12 chasov 00 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca za opisyvaemyi period uvelichivaetsya do 31,87 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu L'va, 17 sentyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Devy. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 25 sentyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Zmeenosca, Strel'ca, Kozeroga, Vodoleya, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,5+ do 1,0 i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Zmeenosca, pereidya v pervyi den' nedeli pri faze 0,52+ v sozvezdie Strel'ca. Luna sovershit po nemu pochti trehdnevnoe puteshestvie, proidya v nachale etogo puti severnee Saturna (bliz maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora). V sozvezdie Kozeroga Luna voidet pri faze 0,77+ v samom konce dnya 19 sentyabrya, proidya na sleduyushii den' severnee Marsa (F= 0,8+) bliz nishodyashego uzla i apogeya svoei orbity. V sozvezdie Vodoleya yarkaya Luna (F= 0,93+) pereidet 22 sentyabrya, a na sleduyushii den' pri faze 0,97+ proidet yuzhnee Neptuna. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii ne viden, a Venera nablyudaetsya na fone vechernei zari (vidna takzhe i dnem). Mars, Saturn i Yupiter mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie chasy, a Uran i Neptun vidny vsyu noch'. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2018 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364103. Efemeridy planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Giacobini-Zinner (21P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov i Oriona, imeya blesk yarche 8m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi i udobnymi dlya nablyudenii na dannoi nedele budut: Vesta (7,2m) v sozvezdii Strel'ca i Yunona (8,3m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: T Andromedy 8,5m - 17 sentyabrya, SS Zmeenosca 8,7m - 18 sentyabrya, R Rysi 7,9m - 20 sentyabrya, T Gidry 7,8m - 21 sentyabrya, R Gidry 4,5m - 21 sentyabrya, S Zmei 8,7m - 21 sentyabrya, W Raka 8,2m - 22 sentyabrya, R Yashericy 9,1m - 23 sentyabrya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Saturn, Luna - Neptun, Venera - Spika, Saturn - M21, Vesta - teta Zmeenosca, Yupiter - al'fa Vesov, Uran - omikron Ryb, Neptun - lyambda Vodoleya.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 17 sentyabrya - v 1876 godu, 18 sentyabrya - v 1400 godu, 19 sentyabrya - v 1419 godu, 20 sentyabrya - v 1001 godu, 21 sentyabrya - v 1941 godu, 22 sentyabrya - v 1968 godu, 23 sentyabrya - v 1699 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 17, 21 i 22 sentyabrya (po 6 zatmenii !), a men'she vsego 19 sentyabrya (1 zatmenie). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy. Merkurii ne viden, t.k. vstupaet v verhnee soedinenie s Solncem 21 sentyabrya. Uglovye razmery planety priderzhivayutsya znacheniya 5 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -1,7m i faze okolo 1,0. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,36 do 1,40 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2018 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2018.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy. Venera vidna na vechernem nebe, postepenno sblizhayas' s Solncem (do 38,5 gradusov k koncu nedeli). Prodolzhitel'nost' vechernei vidimosti planety v srednih shirotah sostavlyaet okolo poluchasa, no ona vidna dazhe dnem nevooruzhennym glazom. Vidimyi diametr Venery uvelichivaetsya do 41,0 uglovyh sekund, a blesk sostavlyaet -4,7m pri faze okolo 0,25. V teleskop nablyudaetsya serp bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 0,45 do 0,40 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2018.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Mars mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie i nochnye chasy v yuzhnoi chasti neba v vide yarkoi krasnovatoi zvezdy. Blesk planety snizhaetsya do -1,5m, a vidimyi diametr - do 17,0 sekund dugi. Idet blagopriyatnyi period nablyudenii Marsa. V teleskop mozhno rassmotret' disk s detalyami poverhnosti planety. Fotografirovanie planety s nalozheniem izobrazhenii pri pomoshi programmnogo obespecheniya, dadut luchshii rezul'tat po sravneniyu s vizual'nymi nablyudeniyami. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,52 do 0,55 a.e.. 27 iyulya Mars proshel velikoe protivostoyanie (kotoroe byvaet raz v 17 let). Stat'ya ob etom astronomicheskom sobytii imeetsya v zhurnale Nebosvod za yanvar' 2018 goda i na Astronet. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2018.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vesov. Yupiter nablyudaetsya v vechernie chasy. Uglovoi diametr planety umen'shaetsya do 33,1 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -1,7m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli, vozrastayushem za nedelyu do 5,96 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali, a takzhe pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2018.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Planetu mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie chasy. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,4m, a uglovoi diametr umen'shaetsya do 16,7 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno razglyadet' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya do 9,96 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2018.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno v sozvezdii Ovna (u granic s sozvezdiem Kita i Ryb), bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m). Uran mozhno nablyudat' vsyu noch'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 19,07 do 19,01a.e.. V otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki pri prozrachnom nebe planetu mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2018.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy lyambda Aqr (3,7m). Neptun viden vsyu noch', a naiti ego mozhno pri pomoshi binoklya ili teleskopa. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya do 28,97 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2018.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 16 Sep 2018 12h26m49.35s + 5 04.120' 2.591 3.558 8.6 13.4 67.27 115.3 Vir 21 Sep 2018 12h34m58.16s + 4 06.760' 2.593 3.570 8.6 11.3 67.36 115.1 Vir Pallada (2) 16 Sep 2018 10h13m03.17s - 1 27.574' 2.157 3.069 8.9 20.6 76.89 99.1 Sex 21 Sep 2018 10h23m07.99s - 1 52.049' 2.162 3.057 8.9 22.3 76.21 99.3 Sex Yunona (3) 16 Sep 2018 3h52m21.52s + 7 23.072' 2.028 1.390 8.6 114.7 40.61 119.1 Tau 21 Sep 2018 3h56m48.43s + 6 41.260' 2.022 1.341 8.4 118.4 37.74 125.7 Tau Vesta (4) 16 Sep 2018 17h56m03.73s -25 15.891' 2.197 1.847 7.2 96.3 43.49 97.0 Sgr 21 Sep 2018 18h02m40.00s -25 25.690' 2.201 1.908 7.3 92.9 46.55 95.5 Sgr Geba (6) 16 Sep 2018 6h04m58.26s + 8 04.624' 2.020 1.900 9.8 81.9 57.60 100.0 Ori 21 Sep 2018 6h12m23.36s + 7 43.853' 2.028 1.856 9.7 84.7 54.49 101.4 Ori Uraniya (30) 16 Sep 2018 23h42m51.40s + 1 20.063' 2.120 1.116 9.7 175.2 36.23 250.9 Psc 21 Sep 2018 23h38m16.26s + 0 55.660' 2.116 1.113 9.7 176.2 36.51 250.0 Psc a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2018 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii sentyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
17 sentyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,57+) prohodit severnee Saturna.
18 sentyabrya, 18 chasov 00 minut - Pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,67+) zvezdy omikron Strel'ca (3,8m) pri vidimosti na Evropeiskoi chasti Rossii.
19 sentyabrya, noch' - Asteroid Uraniya (30) v protivostoyanii s Solncem.
20 sentyabrya, 00 chasov 55 minut - Luna (F= 0,78+) v apogee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 404875 km ot centra Zemli.
21 sentyabrya, utro - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Rysi bliz maksimuma bleska (6,5m).
22 sentyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,97+) bliz Neptuna.
23 sentyabrya, 01 chas 54 minuty - Osennee ravnodenstvie.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 20 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 20 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 20 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N09 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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