Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 8 po 14 oktyabrya 2018 goda29.09.2018 7:46 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 9 oktyabrya nastupit maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Drakonidy (ZHR= 20 - 100), 10 oktyabrya Luna (F= 0,02+) proidet bliz Spiki, Merkuriya i Venery, 11 oktyabrya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda RT Strel'ca dostignet maksimuma bleska (6m), a Luna (F= 0,09+) proidet bliz Yupitera, 13 oktyabrya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda V Severnoi Korony dostignet maksimuma bleska (6,5m), a asteroid Ariadna (43) pri bleske 10,3m dostignet protivostoyaniya s Solncem v 5 gradusah severnee zvezdy epsilon Ryb. Krome etogo, kometa P/Giacobini-Zinner (21P) v konce nedeli sblizhaetsya s Siriusom do 7 gradusov.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya do 25 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 10 chasov 30 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca za opisyvaemyi period uvelichivaetsya do 32,07 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Devy. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 9 oktyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Devy, Vesov, Skorpiona, Zmeenosca i Strel'ca, izmenyaya fazu ot 0 do 0,35+ i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Devy. Zdes' Luna primet fazu novoluniya 9 oktyabrya i vyidet na vechernee nebo bliz Spiki. Postepenno uvelichivaya fazu, Luna 10 oktyabrya budet nahodit'sya bliz Spiki, Merkuriya i Venery (F= 0,03+), nablyudayas' v srednih shirotah ves'ma nizko nad gorizontom, a luchshie usloviya dlya nablyudenii etogo soedineniya budut v yuzhnyh raionah. 10 oktyabrya tonkii lunnyi serp dostignet sozvezdiya Vesov i proidet severnee Yupitera uzhe 11 oktyabrya pri faze 0,09+. V sozvezdii Vesov Luna probudet do 12 oktyabrya, kogda posetit sozvezdie Skorpiona pri faze 0,14+. V etot zhe den' lunnyi serp pri faze 0,16+ pereidet v sozvezdie Zmeenosca, nablyudayas' nizko nad gorizontom v vechernee vremya. 14 oktyabrya Luna pri faze 0,3+ pereidet v sozvezdie Strel'ca i sovershit po nemu pochti trehdnevnoe puteshestvie, proidya v nachale etogo puti pri faze 0,35+ severnee Saturna (bliz maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora). Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii i Venera nablyudayutsya na fone vechernei zari v yuzhnyh shirotah (Venera vidna takzhe i dnem). Mars, Saturn i Yupiter mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie chasy, a Uran i Neptun vidny vsyu noch'. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2018 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364103. Efemeridy planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Giacobini-Zinner (21P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyam Edinoroga i Bol'shogo Psa (bliz Siriusa), imeya blesk okolo 8m. Kometa P/Stephan-Oterma (38P) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Oriona i Bliznecov, postepenno uvelichivaya blesk (okolo 11m). Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na oktyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi i udobnymi dlya nablyudenii na dannoi nedele budut: Vesta (7,5m) v sozvezdii Strel'ca i Yunona (8.0m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: R Kita 8,1m - 8 oktyabrya, RR Orla 9,0m - 8 oktyabrya, R Golubya 8,9m - 11 oktyabrya, RT Strel'ca 7,0m - 11 oktyabrya, S Mikroskopa 9,0m - 11 oktyabrya, S Yuzhnoi Ryby 9,0m - 11 oktyabrya, V Severnoi Korony 7,5m - 13 oktyabrya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Spika, Luna - Merkurii, Luna - Venera, Venera Luna - Yupiter, Luna - Antares, Luna - Saturn, Venera - Spika, Merkurii - Spika, Saturn - Vesta, Yupiter - al'fa Vesov, Uran - omikron Ryb, Neptun - lyambda Vodoleya, P/Giacobini-Zinner (21P) - Sirius.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 8 oktyabrya - v 0321 godu, 9 oktyabrya - v 1809 godu, 10 oktyabrya - v 1912 godu, 11 oktyabrya - v 1455 godu, 12 oktyabrya - v 1977 godu, 13 oktyabrya - v 1632 godu, 14 oktyabrya - v 1083 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 9 oktyabrya (7 zatmenii !), a men'she vsego 8, 10 i 13 oktyabrya (po 2 zatmeniya). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy. Merkurii v srednih shirotah ne viden, a v yuzhnyh shirotah nablyudaetsya na fone vechernei zari. Elongaciya bystroi planety za nedelyu uvelichivaetsya ot 12 do 16 gradusov. Uglovye razmery planety priderzhivayutsya znacheniya 5 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -0,5m i faze okolo 0,9. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide krohotnogo diska. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,38 do 1,33 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2018 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2018.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Devy. Venera vidna na fone vechernei zari v yuzhnyh raionah, postepenno sblizhayas' s Solncem (do 19 gradusov k koncu nedeli). Vidimyi diametr Venery uvelichivaetsya do 56,7 uglovyh sekund, a blesk sostavlyaet -4,3m pri faze okolo 0,1. V teleskop nablyudaetsya bol'shoi serp bez detalei. Serp planety viden dazhe v binokl'! Pri nablyudenii planety dnem soblyudaite ostorozhnost' - ne navodite instrument na Solnce! Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 0,32 do 0,29 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2018.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Mars mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie i nochnye chasy v yuzhnoi chasti neba v vide yarkoi krasnovatoi zvezdy. Blesk planety snizhaetsya do -0,9m, a vidimyi diametr - do 13,8 sekund dugi. Idet blagopriyatnyi period nablyudenii Marsa. V teleskop mozhno rassmotret' disk s detalyami poverhnosti planety. Fotografirovanie planety s nalozheniem izobrazhenii pri pomoshi programmnogo obespecheniya, dadut luchshii rezul'tat po sravneniyu s vizual'nymi nablyudeniyami. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,63 do 0,67 a.e.. 27 iyulya Mars proshel velikoe protivostoyanie (kotoroe byvaet raz v 17 let). Stat'ya ob etom astronomicheskom sobytii imeetsya v zhurnale Nebosvod za yanvar' 2018 goda i na Astronet. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2018.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vesov, postepenno sblizhayas' s Antaresom. Yupiter nablyudaetsya na fone vechernei zari. Uglovoi diametr planety umen'shaetsya do 31,9 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -1,7m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli, vozrastayushem za nedelyu do 6,17 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i nekotorye drugie detali. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na oktyabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2018.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Planetu mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie chasy. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr umen'shaetsya do 16,1 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno razglyadet' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya do 10,32 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2018.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno v sozvezdii Ovna (u granic s sozvezdiem Kita i Ryb), bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m). Uran mozhno nablyudat' vsyu noch'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 18,91 do 18,88 a.e.. V otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki pri prozrachnom nebe planetu mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2018.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy lyambda Aqr (3,7m). Neptun viden vsyu noch', a naiti ego mozhno pri pomoshi binoklya ili teleskopa. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya do 29,14 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2018.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 9 Oct 2018 13h04m24.86s + 0 44.235' 2.602 3.590 8.5 7.1 67.41 114.1 Vir 13 Oct 2018 13h10m58.79s + 0 00.373' 2.604 3.589 8.5 7.6 67.33 113.9 Vir Pallada (2) 9 Oct 2018 10h58m38.81s - 3 21.511' 2.180 2.993 9.0 29.5 73.60 99.6 Leo 13 Oct 2018 11h06m22.08s - 3 41.028' 2.185 2.974 9.0 31.4 72.93 99.5 Leo Yunona (3) 9 Oct 2018 4h06m46.70s + 3 36.991' 2.003 1.187 8.1 132.6 30.20 161.0 Tau 13 Oct 2018 4h07m33.71s + 2 50.639' 2.000 1.159 8.0 135.9 29.72 170.8 Tau Vesta (4) 9 Oct 2018 18h29m55.30s -25 44.750' 2.214 2.131 7.5 81.4 55.59 90.7 Sgr 13 Oct 2018 18h36m36.22s -25 45.130' 2.217 2.181 7.6 78.9 57.25 89.8 Sgr Geba (6) 9 Oct 2018 6h34m55.89s + 6 18.889' 2.058 1.697 9.6 96.1 40.97 107.7 Mon 13 Oct 2018 6h38m55.20s + 5 58.941' 2.065 1.662 9.5 98.8 37.38 109.5 Mon a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2018 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii oktyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na oktyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
08 oktyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, utro - Utrennyaya vidimost' komety P/Giacobini-Zinner (21P) .
09 oktyabrya, 03 chasa 47 minut - Novolunie.
09 oktyabrya, 00 chasov 10 minut - Maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Drakonidy (ZHR= 20 - 100).
10 oktyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,02+) prohodit bliz Spiki, Merkuriya i Venery.
11 oktyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,09+) prohodit bliz Yupitera.
12 oktyabrya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda RT Strel'ca bliz maksimuma bleska (6m).
13 oktyabrya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda V Severnoi Korony bliz maksimuma bleska (6,5m).
14 oktyabrya, utro - Kometa P/Giacobini-Zinner (21P) sblizhaetsya s Siriusom do 7 gradusov.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 11 oktyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 11 oktyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 11 oktyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N10 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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