Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 19 po 25 noyabrya 2018 goda16.11.2018 7:10 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 20 noyabrya Luna (F= 0,93+) proidet bliz Urana, a 21 noyabrya nastupit maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka al'fa-Monocerotidy iz sozvezdiya Edinoroga s chasovym chislom 5 meteorov. 23 noyabrya Merkurii proidet v 4 gradusah severnee Antaresa, a Luna v faze polnoluniya budet nahodit'sya bliz Al'debarana, 25 noyabrya Neptun dostignet stoyaniya s perehodom ot popyatnogo k pryamomu dvizheniyu. Krome etogo, asteroid Eros (433) stanovitsya dostupen v sozvezdii Zhirafa sil'nym binoklyam, dostigaya bleska 10m v konce nedeli, a novaya kometa C/2018 V1 (Machhol'ca-Fudzikavy-Ivamoto) dostupna dlya nablyudenii v sozvezdii Devy.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya do 13 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 7 chasov 40 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca za opisyvaemyi period uvelichivaetsya do 32,41 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Vesov, 23 noyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Skorpiona. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 23 noyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Ryb, Ovna, Tel'ca i Bliznecov, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,8+ do 1,0, a zatem do 0,9- i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Kita. 20 noyabrya Luna pri faze 0,88+ vnov' pereidet v sozvezdie Ryb i poidet na sblizhenie s Uranom, yuzhnee kotorogo proidet v etot zhe den' pri faze 0,93+. 21 noyabrya snova budet nablyudat'sya v sozvezdii Kita, v etot zhe den' pereidya v sozvezdie Ovna pri faze 0,97+. 22 noyabrya yarkii lunnyi disk pereidet v sozvezdie Tel'ca, gde na sleduyushii den' primet fazu polnoluniya bliz Al'debarana. Pokrytiya zvezdy ne proizoidet, t.k. tekushaya seriya pokrytii zakonchilas', a v sleduyushii raz Luna pokroet Al'debaran tol'ko 18 avgusta 2033 goda. 25 noyabrya lunnyi disk pri faze 0,95- posetit sozvezdie Oriona, v etot zhe den' pereidya v sozvezdie Bliznecov (F= 0,93-), nahodyas' bliz maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora i perigeya svoei orbity. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii nablyudaetsya na fone vechernei zari, Venera vidna na fone utrennei zari, a Mars i Saturn mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie chasy. Yupiter ne viden, a Uran i Neptun vidny vsyu noch'. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2018 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364103. Efemeridy planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica C/2018 V1 (Machhol'ca-Fudzikavy-Ivamoto) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Devy s bleskom yarche 8m, a kometa P/Wirtanen (46P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Pechi. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na noyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Vesta (7,9m) v sozvezdii Strel'ca i Yunona (7,5m) v sozvezdii Eridana.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: RT Centavra 9,0m - 22 noyabrya, R Mikroskopa 9,2m - 24 noyabrya, U Zmei 8,5m - 25 noyabrya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Uran, Luna - Al'debaran, Luna - Pleyady, Venera - Spika, Merkurii - Antares, Saturn - M20, Uran - omikron Ryb, Neptun - lyambda Vodoleya.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 19 noyabrya - v 1816 godu, 20 noyabrya - v 1854 godu, 21 noyabrya - v 1500 godu, 22 noyabrya - v 1984 godu, 23 noyabrya - v 2003 godu, 24 noyabrya - v 1677 godu, 25 noyabrya - v 1136 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 24 noyabrya (8 zatmenii ), a men'she vsego 22 noyabrya (1 zatmenie). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca (bliz Antaresa). Merkurii nablyudaetsya na fone vechernei zari, zakanchivaya vidimost' vo vtoroi polovine nedeli. Elongaciya planety za nedelyu bystro umen'shaetsya ot 17 do 4 gradusov. Uglovye razmery planety uvelichivayutsya ot 8,8 do 10,0 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo +2m i faze, umen'shayusheisya ot 0,2 do 0,01. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide krohotnogo serpa. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,76 do 0,68 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2018 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2018.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy bliz Spiki. Venera vidna na fone zari, imeya status Utrennei zvezdy. Rastushii serp planety mozhno razglyadet' dazhe v binokl', a v teleskop Venera vidna vo vsem ee velikolepii! Elongaciya planety uvelichivaetsya k koncu nedeli ot 31 do 36,5 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery umen'shaetsya ot 50 do 44 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie -4,5m pri faze okolo 0,2. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 0,34 do 0,38 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2018.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya, postepenno sblizhayas' s Neptunom. Mars mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie i nochnye chasy v yuzhnoi chasti neba v vide yarkoi krasnovatoi zvezdy. Blesk Marsa snizhaetsya do -0,1m, a vidimyi diametr - ot 10,2 do 9,6 sekund dugi. Idet blagopriyatnyi period nablyudenii Marsa. V teleskop mozhno rassmotret' disk s detalyami poverhnosti planety. Fotografirovanie planety s nalozheniem izobrazhenii pri pomoshi programmnogo obespecheniya, dadut luchshii rezul'tat po sravneniyu s vizual'nymi nablyudeniyami. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,92 do 0,96 a.e.. 27 iyulya Mars proshel velikoe protivostoyanie. Stat'ya ob etom astronomicheskom sobytii imeetsya v zhurnale Nebosvod za yanvar' 2018 goda i na Astronet. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2018.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vesov, postepenno sblizhayas' s Antaresom. Vechernyaya vidimost' Yupitera zakonchilas', a na utrennem nebe gazovyi gigant poyavitsya v dekabre mesyace. Uglovoi diametr planety imeet znachenie 31 sekundu dugi pri bleske okolo -1,7m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 6,34 a.e.. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na noyabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2018.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Planetu mozhno nablyudat' na fone vechernei zari. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr umen'shaetsya do 15,3 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno razglyadet' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya do 10,87 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2018.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno v sozvezdii Ovna (u granic s sozvezdiem Kita i Ryb), bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m). Uran mozhno nablyudat' vsyu noch'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 18,98 do 19,04 a.e.. V otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki pri prozrachnom nebe planetu mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2018.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya popyatno (v konce nedeli menyaya dvizhenie na pryamoe) po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy lyambda Aqr (3,7m). Neptun viden vsyu noch', a naiti ego mozhno pri pomoshi binoklya ili teleskopa. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 29,63 do 29,74 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2018.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 21 Nov 2018 14h14m59.78s - 6 32.200' 2.626 3.483 8.8 25.4 64.86 110.4 Vir 25 Nov 2018 14h21m30.84s - 7 07.906' 2.628 3.462 8.8 27.7 64.41 110.0 Vir Pallada (2) 21 Nov 2018 12h17m52.47s - 6 12.873' 2.240 2.710 9.1 51.9 64.85 95.4 Vir 25 Nov 2018 12h24m45.18s - 6 21.816' 2.246 2.675 9.1 54.3 63.82 94.5 Vir Yunona (3) 21 Nov 2018 3h50m50.70s - 3 45.295' 1.983 1.038 7.5 156.4 31.65 243.8 Eri 25 Nov 2018 3h47m49.42s - 4 04.698' 1.983 1.044 7.5 155.1 29.78 249.9 Eri Vesta (4) 21 Nov 2018 19h49m11.98s -24 23.994' 2.249 2.639 7.9 56.4 68.21 81.3 Sgr 25 Nov 2018 19h57m07.21s -24 06.617' 2.252 2.682 7.9 54.2 68.92 80.5 Sgr Geba (6) 21 Nov 2018 6h52m39.77s + 3 31.154' 2.141 1.356 8.9 131.3 11.83 253.7 Mon 25 Nov 2018 6h51m10.78s + 3 27.430' 2.149 1.333 8.9 135.3 16.48 265.5 Mon Garmoniya (40) 21 Nov 2018 5h21m08.94s +20 13.253' 2.222 1.277 9.9 157.3 32.50 273.0 Tau 25 Nov 2018 5h17m15.91s +20 15.998' 2.224 1.263 9.8 162.2 35.83 272.7 Tau Eros (433) 21 Nov 2018 4h39m18.09s +61 32.745' 1.251 0.331 10.2 137.2 24.62 334.0 Cam 25 Nov 2018 4h36m21.75s +62 01.429' 1.240 0.315 10.1 138.2 20.25 311.4 Cam a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2018 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii noyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na noyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
19 noyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, utro - Utrennyaya vidimost' komety C/2018 V1 (Machhol'ca-Fudzikavy-Ivamoto).
20 noyabrya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,93+) bliz Urana.
21 noyabrya, noch' - Meteornyi potok al'fa-Monocerotidy v maksimume deistviya (ZHR= 5 i bolee).
22 noyabrya, vecher - Merkurii bliz Antaresa.
23 noyabrya, 05 chasov 39 minut - Polnolunie.
24 noyabrya, noch' - Luna (F= 1,0) bliz Al'debarana.
25 noyabrya, 08 chasov 00 minut - Neptun v stoyanii s perehodom ot popyatnogo k pryamomu dvizheniyu.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 22 noyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 22 noyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 22 noyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N11 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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