Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 12 po 18 noyabrya 2018 goda21.10.2018 9:10 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 12 noyabrya Luna (F= 0,19+) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora, a meteornyi potok Severnye Tauridy iz sozvezdiya Tel'ca dostignet maksimuma deistviya (ZHR= 5). 13 noyabrya Luna (F= 0,31+) okazhetsya v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity, a 14 noyabrya Venera dostignet stoyaniya s perehodom ot popyatnogo dvizheniya k pryamomu. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,41+) proidet apogei svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 404340 km ot centra Zemli, a 15 noyabrya proizoidet pokrytie na 6 sekund asteroidom Chaikovskii (2266) zvezdy HIP31899 (7,9m) iz sozvezdiya Bliznecov pri vidimosti v Sibiri. V etot zhe den' proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,5+) zvezdy del'ta Kozeroga (2,8m) pri vidimosti na Evropeiskoi chasti territorii Rossii. 16 noyabrya proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,55+) Marsa pri vidimosti v Yuzhnoi Amerike (Chili i Argentina), a asteroid 3 Yunona (7,4m) vstupit v protivostoyanie s Solncem. 17 noyabrya Merkurii dostignet stoyaniya s perehodom ot pryamogo dvizheniya k popyatnomu. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,66+) proidet bliz Neptuna, a takzhe proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,68+) zvezdy psi2 Vodoleya (4,4m) pri vidimosti v Sibiri. Eshe odin meteornyi potok nedeli s maksimal'nym chislom 20 meteorov v chas Leonidy (ZHR= 20) dostignet maksimuma 17 noyabrya. V konce nedeli proizoidet pokrytie na 6 sekund asteroidom Fokeya (25) zvezdy TYC 4814-02050-1 (8,6m) iz sozvezdiya Edinoroga pri vidimosti v Sibiri.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya do 14 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 8 chasov 00 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca za opisyvaemyi period uvelichivaetsya do 32,36 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Vesov. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu pervoi chetverti 15 noyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Strel'ca, Kozeroga, Vodoleya i Ryb, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,2+ do 0,8+ i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Strel'ca, gde probudet do 13 noyabrya, a v sozvezdie Kozeroga voidet pri faze 0,32+ bliz nishodyashego uzla i apogeya svoei orbity. V sozvezdii Kozeroga Luna primet fazu pervoi chetverti 15 noyabrya, a v sozvezdie Vodoleya pereidet (F= 0,53+) k koncu etogo dnya. Zdes' pri faze 0,66+ Luna proidet yuzhnee Neptuna 17 noyabrya. 18 noyabrya nochnoe svetilo posetit sozvezdie Ryb pri faze 0,76+, a 19 noyabrya pereidet v sozvezdie Kita. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii nablyudaetsya na fone vechernei zari, Venera vidna na fone utrennei zari, a Mars i Saturn mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie chasy. Yupiter ne viden, a Uran i Neptun vidny vsyu noch'. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2018 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364103. Efemeridy planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Stephan-Oterma (38P) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov, a kometa P/Wirtanen (46P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Pechi. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na noyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi i udobnymi dlya nablyudenii na dannoi nedele budut: Vesta (7,9m) v sozvezdii Strel'ca i Yunona (7,4m) v sozvezdii Eridana.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimumov bleska ne budet.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Saturn, Luna - Mars, Luna Neptun, Venera - Spika, Merkurii - Antares, Saturn - M20, Uran - omikron Ryb, Neptun - lyambda Vodoleya.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 12 noyabrya - v 1985 godu, 13 noyabrya - v 2012 godu, 14 noyabrya - v 1659 godu, 15 noyabrya - v 1686 godu, 16 noyabrya - v 0179 godu, 17 noyabrya - v 1789 godu, 18 noyabrya - v 1332 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 17 noyabrya (8 zatmenii ), a men'she vsego 16 noyabrya (1 zatmenie). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca (bliz Antaresa), 17 noyabrya menyaya dvizhenie na popyatnoe. Merkurii nablyudaetsya na fone vechernei zari. Elongaciya bystroi planety za nedelyu umen'shaetsya ot 23 do 17 gradusov. Uglovye razmery planety uvelichivayutsya ot 7,4 do 8,8 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo +0,5m i faze, umen'shayusheisya ot 0,5 do 0,2. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide krohotnogo poludiska, perehodyashego v serp. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,91 do 0,76 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2018 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2018.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Devy bliz Spiki, 14 noyabrya menyaya dvizhenie na pryamoe. Venera vidna na fone zari, imeya status Utrennei zvezdy. Tonkii serp planety mozhno razglyadet' dazhe v binokl', a v teleskop Venera vidna vo vsem ee velikolepii! Elongaciya planety uvelichivaetsya k koncu nedeli ot 24 do 31 gradusa. Vidimyi diametr Venery umen'shaetsya ot 55 do 50 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie -4,5m pri faze okolo 0,1. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 0,30 do 0,34 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2018.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Planetu mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie i nochnye chasy v yuzhnoi chasti neba v vide yarkoi krasnovatoi zvezdy. Blesk Marsa snizhaetsya do -0,2m, a vidimyi diametr - ot 10,8 do 10,2 sekund dugi. Idet blagopriyatnyi period nablyudenii Marsa. V teleskop mozhno rassmotret' disk s detalyami poverhnosti planety. Fotografirovanie planety s nalozheniem izobrazhenii pri pomoshi programmnogo obespecheniya, dadut luchshii rezul'tat po sravneniyu s vizual'nymi nablyudeniyami. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,86 do 0,92 a.e.. 27 iyulya Mars proshel velikoe protivostoyanie (kotoroe byvaet raz v 17 let). Stat'ya ob etom astronomicheskom sobytii imeetsya v zhurnale Nebosvod za yanvar' 2018 goda i na Astronet. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2018.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vesov, postepenno sblizhayas' s Antaresom. Vidimost' Yupitera zakanchivaetsya, a na utrennem nebe gazovyi gigant poyavitsya v dekabre mesyace. Uglovoi diametr planety umen'shaetsya do 31,0 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -1,7m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli, vozrastayushem za nedelyu do 6,34 a.e.. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na noyabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2018.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Planetu mozhno nablyudat' na fone vechernei zari. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr umen'shaetsya do 15,4 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno razglyadet' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya do 10,80 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2018.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno v sozvezdii Ovna (u granic s sozvezdiem Kita i Ryb), bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m). Uran mozhno nablyudat' vsyu noch'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 18,93 do 18,98 a.e.. V otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki pri prozrachnom nebe planetu mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2018.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy lyambda Aqr (3,7m). Neptun viden vsyu noch', a naiti ego mozhno pri pomoshi binoklya ili teleskopa. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 29,52 do 29,63 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2018.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 13 Nov 2018 14h01m54.64s - 5 17.909' 2.621 3.520 8.7 21.1 65.67 111.2 Vir 17 Nov 2018 14h08m27.65s - 5 55.523' 2.623 3.502 8.8 23.3 65.28 110.8 Vir Pallada (2) 13 Nov 2018 12h03m49.86s - 5 50.240' 2.227 2.776 9.1 47.3 66.81 96.9 Vir 17 Nov 2018 12h10m53.95s - 6 02.303' 2.233 2.744 9.1 49.6 65.85 96.2 Vir Yunona (3) 13 Nov 2018 3h56m47.42s - 2 49.490' 1.984 1.037 7.5 156.5 33.73 232.2 Eri 17 Nov 2018 3h53m51.92s - 3 20.082' 1.984 1.036 7.4 156.9 32.98 238.0 Eri Vesta (4) 13 Nov 2018 19h33m31.45s -24 53.681' 2.242 2.550 7.9 60.9 66.60 82.9 Sgr 17 Nov 2018 19h41m19.84s -24 39.686' 2.245 2.595 7.9 58.7 67.44 82.1 Sgr Geba (6) 13 Nov 2018 6h53m58.47s + 3 47.603' 2.124 1.408 9.1 123.8 6.87 187.8 Mon 17 Nov 2018 6h53m35.85s + 3 37.986' 2.133 1.381 9.0 127.5 8.05 230.1 Mon Garmoniya (40) 13 Nov 2018 5h27m36.26s +20 07.921' 2.218 1.317 10.1 147.8 24.11 273.8 Tau 17 Nov 2018 5h24m36.98s +20 10.546' 2.220 1.295 10.0 152.5 28.56 273.4 Tau a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2018 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii noyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na noyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
12 noyabrya, noch' - Maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Severnye Tauridy iz sozvezdiya Tel'ca (ZHR= 5).
13 noyabrya, 14 chasov 04 minut - Luna (F= 0,31+) v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
14 noyabrya, 15 chasov 59 minut - Luna (F= 0,41+) v apogee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 404340 km ot centra Zemli.
15 noyabrya, 14 chasov 54 minuty - Luna v faze pervoi chetverti.
16 noyabrya, noch' - Asteroid 3 Yunona (7,4m) v protivostoyanii s Solncem.
17 noyabrya, 15 chasov 18 minut - Pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,68+) zvezdy psi2 Vodoleya (4,4m) pri vidimosti v Sibiri.
18 noyabrya, 00 chasov 25 minut - Pokrytie na 6 sekund asteroidom Fokeya (25) zvezdy 4814-02050-1 (8,6m) iz sozvezdiya Edinoroga pri vidimosti v Sibiri.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 15 noyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 15 noyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 15 noyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N11 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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