Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 3 po 9 dekabrya 2018 goda17.11.2018 16:16 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 3 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,16-) proidet bliz Spiki i Venery, 5 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,02-) proidet bliz Merkuriya, 6 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,01-) proidet bliz Yupitera, 7 dekabrya Merkurii dostignet stoyaniya s perehodom ot popyatnogo dvizheniya k pryamomu, 7 dekabrya Mars proidet v dvuh uglovyh minutah (!) severnee Neptuna, a dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Lisichki dostignet maksimuma bleska (7m), 8 dekabrya nastupit maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Monocerotidy (ZHR= 2) iz sozvezdiya Edinoroga, a asteroid (40) Garmoniya (9,4m) vstupit v protivostoyanie s Solncem, 9 dekabrya proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,04+) Saturna pri vidimosti v Sibiri, a 9 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,04+) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora. Asteroid Eros (433) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Zhirafa, imeya blesk yarche 10m, a novaya kometa C/2018 V1 (Machhol'ca-Fudzikavy-Ivamoto) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyam Zmeenosca, Zmei i Shita. Vse yarche i dostupnee (vidimost' nevooruzhennym glazom!) stanovitsya kometa P/Wirtanen (46P), kotoraya dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyam Kita i Eridana.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya do 11 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 7 chasov 10 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca za opisyvaemyi period uvelichivaetsya do 32,47 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 7 dekabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Devy, Vesov, Skorpiona, Zmeenosca, Strel'ca, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,2- do 0, a zatem do 0,1+ i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Devy, krasuyas' na utrennem zimnem nebe. 3 dekabrya lunnyi serp proidet severnee Spiki i Venery, a 4 dekabrya pereidet v sozvezdie Vesov. 5 dekabrya staryi mesyac (F= 0,02-)proidet severnee Merkuriya, a 6 dekabrya pri faze 0,01- sblizitsya s Yupiterom uzhe v sozvezdii Skorpiona. V etot zhe den' Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Zmeenosca i primet zdes' fazu novoluniya 7 dekabrya, vyidya na vechernee nebo. Postepenno uvelichivaya fazu, molodoi mesyac budet nablyudat'sya nizko nad gorizontom na fone vechernei zari. 8 dekabrya tonkii lunnyi serp pri faze 0,01+ vstupit vo vladeniya sozvezdiya Strel'ca, gde pokroet Saturn pri vidimosti v Sibiri 9 dekabrya pri faze 0,04+ (bliz maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora). Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii, Venera i Yupiter nablyudayutsya na fone utrennei zari, a Mars viden v vechernie i nochnye chasy. Saturn mozhno naiti na fone vechernei zari, a Uran i Neptun nahodyatsya na nochnom nebe. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2018 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364103. Efemeridy planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica C/2018 V1 (Machhol'ca-Fudzikavy-Ivamoto) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyam Zmeenosca, Zmei i Shita s bleskom okolo 8m, a kometa P/Wirtanen (46P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyam Kita i Eridana s bleskom yarche 6m (vidimost' nevooruzhennym glazom). Kometa P/Swift-Gehrels (64P) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Treugol'nika, a kometa P/Stephan-Oterma (38P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Raka. Obe nebesnye strannicy imeyut blesk okolo 10m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na dekabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Vesta (8,0m) v sozvezdii Kozeroga i Yunona (7,6m) v sozvezdii Eridana.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: S Zhirafa 8,1m - 4 dekabrya, Y Perseya 8,4m - 5 dekabrya, R Gerkulesa 8,8m - 6 dekabrya, X Kita 8,8m - 7 dekabrya, R Lisichki 8,1m - 7 dekabrya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Spika, Luna - Merkurii, Luna - Yupiter, Luna - Saturn, Venera - Spika, Merkurii - Yupiter, Mars - Neptun, Saturn - M22, Uran - omikron Ryb, Neptun - lyambda Vodoleya, Vesta - M75, P/Stephan-Oterma (38P) - Polluks, P/Swift-Gehrels (64P) - M33, Machholz-Fujikawa-Iwamoto (C/2018 V1) - M14.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 3 dekabrya - v 0978 godu, 4 dekabrya - v 2002 godu, 5 dekabrya - v 1676 godu, 6 dekabrya - v 1695 godu, 7 dekabrya - v 0633 godu, 8 dekabrya - v 0215 godu, 9 dekabrya - v 1825 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 5 dekabrya (8 zatmenii ), a men'she vsego 7 i 8 dekabrya (po 1 zatmeniyu). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vesov, 7 dekabrya menyaya dvizhenie na pryamoe. Merkurii nablyudaetsya na fone utrennei zari mezhdu Yupiterom i Veneroi. Elongaciya planety uvelichivaetsya do 20 gradusov k koncu nedeli. Uglovye razmery planety umen'shayutsya ot 9,1 do 7,6 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo 0m i faze, kotoraya uvelichivaetsya ot 0,13 do 0,44. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide krohotnogo serpa. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,73 do 0,88 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2018 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2018.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy bliz Spiki. Venera vidna na utrennem nebe (Utrennyaya zvezda). Rastushii serp planety mozhno nablyudat' v teleskop, a elongaciya ee k koncu nedeli uvelichitsya ot 39,5 do 43 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery umen'shaetsya ot 40 do 35 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie -4,6m pri faze okolo 0,3. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 0,42 do 0,47 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2018.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya, postepenno sblizhayas' s Neptunom (do dvuh uglovyh minut v seredine nedeli). Mars mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie i nochnye chasy v yuzhnoi chasti neba v vide yarkoi krasnovatoi zvezdy. Blesk Marsa snizhaetsya do +0,1m, a vidimyi diametr - ot 9,1 do 8,7 sekund dugi. Idet blagopriyatnyi period nablyudenii Marsa. V teleskop mozhno rassmotret' disk s detalyami poverhnosti planety. Fotografirovanie planety s nalozheniem izobrazhenii pri pomoshi programmnogo obespecheniya, dadut luchshii rezul'tat po sravneniyu s vizual'nymi nablyudeniyami. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,02 do 1,08 a.e.. 27 iyulya Mars proshel velikoe protivostoyanie. Stat'ya ob etom astronomicheskom sobytii imeetsya v zhurnale Nebosvod za yanvar' 2018 goda i na Astronet. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2018.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Skorpiona bliz Antaresa i Merkuriya. Yupiter mozhno naiti v luchah voshodyashego Solnca, t.k. na dannoi nedele u giganta nachinaetsya utrennyaya vidimost'. Uglovoi diametr planety imeet znachenie 31 sekundu dugi pri bleske okolo -1,7m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 6,33 a.e.. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na dekabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2018.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Planetu mozhno nablyudat' na fone vechernei zari. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr umen'shaetsya do 15,1 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno razglyadet' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya do 10,97 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2018.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno v sozvezdii Ryb (bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m)). Uran mozhno nablyudat' vsyu noch'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 19,12 do 19,20 a.e.. V otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki pri prozrachnom nebe planetu mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2018.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy lyambda Aqr (3,7m). Neptun viden noch'yu, a naiti ego mozhno pri pomoshi binoklya ili teleskopa. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 29,87 do 29,99 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2018.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 1 Dec 2018 14h31m15.07s - 7 59.574' 2.632 3.427 8.8 31.0 63.67 109.3 Vir 6 Dec 2018 14h39m19.16s - 8 40.820' 2.635 3.395 8.9 33.9 62.96 108.7 Lib Pallada (2) 1 Dec 2018 12h34m52.64s - 6 31.880' 2.256 2.620 9.1 57.9 62.18 93.0 Vir 6 Dec 2018 12h43m07.15s - 6 36.862' 2.265 2.571 9.1 61.1 60.71 91.6 Vir Yunona (3) 1 Dec 2018 3h43m29.25s - 4 22.329' 1.984 1.059 7.6 151.8 26.14 260.3 Eri 6 Dec 2018 3h40m14.44s - 4 26.281' 1.985 1.077 7.6 148.4 22.57 271.2 Eri Vesta (4) 1 Dec 2018 20h09m04.64s -23 37.428' 2.258 2.745 8.0 51.0 69.90 79.3 Cap 6 Dec 2018 20h19m05.74s -23 10.288' 2.262 2.796 8.0 48.2 70.65 78.4 Cap Geba (6) 1 Dec 2018 6h47m57.83s + 3 28.321' 2.162 1.303 8.7 141.2 23.74 275.1 Mon 6 Dec 2018 6h44m26.45s + 3 35.575' 2.173 1.283 8.7 146.2 29.48 280.2 Mon Garmoniya (40) 1 Dec 2018 5h10m49.58s +20 20.090' 2.227 1.249 9.6 169.7 39.45 272.5 Tau 6 Dec 2018 5h05m05.86s +20 23.429' 2.229 1.245 9.4 175.7 40.93 272.3 Tau Eros (433) 1 Dec 2018 4h30m14.65s +62 15.335' 1.224 0.293 9.9 139.5 20.24 263.0 Cam 6 Dec 2018 4h24m14.38s +61 55.162' 1.211 0.277 9.7 140.3 28.16 229.9 Cam a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2018 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii dekabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na dekabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
03 dekabrya, utro - Luna (F= 0,16-) bliz Spiki i Venery.
04 dekabrya, i vsyu nedelyu, vecher - Vechernyaya vidimost' komety C/2018 V1, a kometa P/Wirtanen (46P) vidna nevooruzhennym glazom.
05 dekabrya, utro - Luna (F= 0,02-) bliz Merkuriya.
06 dekabrya, utro - Luna (F= 0,01-) bliz Yupitera.
07 dekabrya, 07 chasov 20 minut - Novolunie.
07 dekabrya, 13 chasov 55 minut - Mars prohodit v dvuh uglovyh minutah (!) severnee Neptuna.
08 dekabrya, utro - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Lisichki bliz maksimuma bleska (7m).
09 dekabrya, 05 chasov 20 minut - Pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,04+) Saturna pri vidimosti v Sibiri.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 6 dekabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 6 dekabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 6 dekabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N12 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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