Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 26 noyabrya po 2 dekabrya 2018 goda17.11.2018 7:16 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 26 noyabrya Yupiter dostignet soedineniya s Solncem, a Luna (F= 0,86-) - perigeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 366620 km ot centra Zemli. 27 noyabrya Merkurii proidet nizhnee soedinenie s Solncem, 27 noyabrya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda S Bol'shoi Medvedicy dostignet maksimuma bleska (7m), Merkurii vstupit v soedinenie s Yupiterom, a Luna (F= 0,8-) okazhetsya v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity. 28 noyabrya proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,72-) zvezdy del'ta Raka (3,9m) pri vidimosti na severe strany i v Sibiri, a 29 noyabrya Luna (F= 0,57-) proidet bliz Regula. 30 noyabrya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda X Zhirafa dostignet maksimuma bleska (7m). Asteroid Eros (433) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Zhirafa, imeya blesk yarche 10m, a novaya kometa C/2018 V1 (Machhol'ca-Fudzikavy-Ivamoto) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyam Zmei i Zmeenosca, imeya dvoinuyu (utrennyuyu i vechernyuyu) vidimost'.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya do 12 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 7 chasov 20 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca za opisyvaemyi period uvelichivaetsya do 32,44 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Skorpiona, a 29 noyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Zmeenosca. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu poslednei chetverti 30 noyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Bliznecov, Raka, L'va, Devy, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,9- do 0,2- i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Bliznecov nahodyas' bliz maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora i perigeya svoei orbity. 27 noyabrya Luna dostignet sozvezdiya Raka pri faze 0,8-, nahodyas' yuzhnee komety P/Stephan-Oterma (38P). Zdes' 27 noyabrya nochnoe svetilo pri faze 0,75- peresechet rasseyannoe zvezdnoe skoplenie Yasli (M44) bliz voshodyashego uzla svoei orbity. Pri faze 0,66- lunnyi oval 28 noyabrya dostignet sozvezdiya L'va, vnov' ustremivshis' k Regulu, severnee kotorogo proidet pri faze 0,57- 29 noyabrya. V sozvezdii L'va 30 noyabrya Luna primet fazu poslednei chetverti i zakonchit svoi put' po osennemu nebu u granicy s sozvezdiem Devy pri faze 0,4-. V sozvezdii Devy stareyushii mesyac probudet do konca nedeli, krasuyas' na utrennem zimnem nebe. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii ne viden, Venera nablyudaetsya na fone utrennei zari, a Mars viden v vechernie i nochnye chasy. Yupiter ne viden. Saturn mozhno naiti na fone vechernei zari, a Uran i Neptun nahodyatsya na nochnom nebe. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2018 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364103. Efemeridy planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica C/2018 V1 (Machhol'ca-Fudzikavy-Ivamoto) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyam Zmei i Zmeenosca s bleskom yarche 8m, a kometa P/Wirtanen (46P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyam Pechi i Kita s bleskom yarche 7m. Kometa P/Swift-Gehrels (64P) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Treugol'nika, a kometa P/Stephan-Oterma (38P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov i Raka. Obe nebesnye strannicy imeyut blesk okolo 10m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na noyabr', KN na dekabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Vesta (8,0m) v sozvezdii Strel'ca i Kozeroga i Yunona (7,5m) v sozvezdii Eridana.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: U Perseya 8,1m - 26 noyabrya, S Bol'shoi Medvedicy 7,8m - 27 noyabrya, X Zhirafa 8,1m - 30 noyabrya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Yasli (M44), Luna - Regul, Luna - Spika, Venera - Spika, Mars - Neptun, Saturn - M22, Uran - omikron Ryb, Neptun - lyambda Vodoleya, Vesta - M75, P/Stephan-Oterma (38P) - Polluks, P/Swift-Gehrels (64P) - M33, Machholz-Fujikawa-Iwamoto (C/2018 V1) - M10.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 26 noyabrya - v 1155 godu, 27 noyabrya - v 1304 godu, 28 noyabrya - v 1285 godu, 29 noyabrya - v 1807 godu, 30 noyabrya - v 1872 godu, 1 dekabrya - v 1480 godu, 2 dekabrya - v 1518 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 30 noyabrya (8 zatmenii ), a men'she vsego 26, 27, 29 noyabrya, 1 i 2 dekabrya (po 2 zatmeniya). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyam Skorpiona i Vesov. Merkurii zakonchil vechernyuyu vidimost', a na utrennem nebe poyavitsya v samom konce nedeli. Elongaciya planety posle nizhnego soedineniya 27 noyabrya uvelichivaetsya do 12 gradusov k koncu nedeli. Uglovye razmery planety umen'shayutsya ot 10,0 do 9,1 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo +2m i faze, kotoraya uvelichivaetsya ot 0 do 0,13. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide krohotnogo serpa. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,68 do 0,73 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2018 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2018.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy bliz Spiki. Venera vidna na utrennem nebe (Utrennyaya zvezda). Rastushii serp planety mozhno razglyadet' dazhe v binokl', a v teleskop Venera vidna vo vsem ee velikolepii! Elongaciya planety uvelichivaetsya k koncu nedeli ot 36,5 do 39,5 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery umen'shaetsya ot 44 do 40 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie -4,6m pri faze okolo 0,25. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 0,38 do 0,42 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2018.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya, postepenno sblizhayas' s Neptunom (do treh gradusov k koncu nedeli). Mars mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie i nochnye chasy v yuzhnoi chasti neba v vide yarkoi krasnovatoi zvezdy. Blesk Marsa snizhaetsya do 0,0m, a vidimyi diametr - ot 9,6 do 9,1 sekund dugi. Idet blagopriyatnyi period nablyudenii Marsa. V teleskop mozhno rassmotret' disk s detalyami poverhnosti planety. Fotografirovanie planety s nalozheniem izobrazhenii pri pomoshi programmnogo obespecheniya, dadut luchshii rezul'tat po sravneniyu s vizual'nymi nablyudeniyami. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,96 do 1,02 a.e.. 27 iyulya Mars proshel velikoe protivostoyanie. Stat'ya ob etom astronomicheskom sobytii imeetsya v zhurnale Nebosvod za yanvar' 2018 goda i na Astronet. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2018.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Skorpiona, postepenno sblizhayas' s Antaresom i Merkuriem. Vechernyaya vidimost' Yupitera zakonchilas', a na utrennem nebe gazovyi gigant poyavitsya na sleduyushei nedele, nablyudayas' v luchah voshodyashego Solnca. Uglovoi diametr planety imeet znachenie 31 sekundu dugi pri bleske okolo -1,7m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 6,34 a.e.. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na noyabr' i KN na dekabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2018.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Planetu mozhno nablyudat' na fone vechernei zari. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr umen'shaetsya do 15,2 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno razglyadet' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya do 10,93 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2018.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno v sozvezdii Ovna, dostigaya v konce nedeli granicy s sozvezdiem Ryb (bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m)). Uran mozhno nablyudat' vsyu noch'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 19,04 do 19,12 a.e.. V otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki pri prozrachnom nebe planetu mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2018.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy lyambda Aqr (3,7m). Neptun viden noch'yu, a naiti ego mozhno pri pomoshi binoklya ili teleskopa. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 29,75 do 29,87 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2018.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 25 Nov 2018 14h21m30.84s - 7 07.906' 2.628 3.462 8.8 27.7 64.41 110.0 Vir 29 Nov 2018 14h28m00.68s - 7 42.609' 2.631 3.439 8.8 29.9 63.93 109.5 Vir Pallada (2) 25 Nov 2018 12h24m45.18s - 6 21.816' 2.246 2.675 9.1 54.3 63.82 94.5 Vir 29 Nov 2018 12h31m31.77s - 6 28.997' 2.253 2.638 9.1 56.7 62.74 93.6 Vir Yunona (3) 25 Nov 2018 3h47m49.42s - 4 04.698' 1.983 1.044 7.5 155.1 29.78 249.9 Eri 29 Nov 2018 3h44m53.53s - 4 18.009' 1.984 1.053 7.5 153.0 27.45 256.6 Eri Vesta (4) 25 Nov 2018 19h57m07.21s -24 06.617' 2.252 2.682 7.9 54.2 68.92 80.5 Sgr 29 Nov 2018 20h05m04.96s -23 47.571' 2.256 2.724 7.9 52.0 69.58 79.7 Sgr Geba (6) 25 Nov 2018 6h51m10.78s + 3 27.430' 2.149 1.333 8.9 135.3 16.48 265.5 Mon 29 Nov 2018 6h49m09.83s + 3 27.113' 2.158 1.312 8.8 139.2 21.33 272.5 Mon Garmoniya (40) 25 Nov 2018 5h17m15.91s +20 15.998' 2.224 1.263 9.8 162.2 35.83 272.7 Tau 29 Nov 2018 5h13m02.40s +20 18.735' 2.226 1.253 9.7 167.2 38.45 272.5 Tau Eros (433) 25 Nov 2018 4h36m21.75s +62 01.429' 1.240 0.315 10.1 138.2 20.25 311.4 Cam 29 Nov 2018 4h32m28.26s +62 14.981' 1.229 0.300 9.9 139.1 19.02 279.7 Cam a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2018 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii noyabrya i dekabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na noyabr', KN na dekabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
26 noyabrya, 12 chasov 10 minut - Luna (F= 0,86-) v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 366620 km ot centra Zemli.
27 noyabrya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda S Bol'shoi Medvedicy bliz maksimuma bleska (7m).
28 noyabrya, 00 chasov 00 minut - Pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,72-) zvezdy del'ta Raka (3,9m) pri vidimosti na severe strany i v Sibiri.
29 noyabrya, utro - Luna (F= 0,57-) bliz Regula.
30 noyabrya, 00 chasov 19 minut - Luna v faze poslednei chetverti.
01 dekabrya, utro - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda X Zhirafa bliz maksimuma bleska (7m).
02 dekabrya i vsyu nedelyu, vecher - Vechernyaya vidimost' komety C/2018 V1 i komety P/Wirtanen (46P).
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 29 noyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 29 noyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 29 noyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N11 i 12 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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