Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 7 po 13 yanvarya 2019 goda10.12.2018 9:01 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Pozdravlyaem s novym 2019 godom i Rozhdestvom Hristovym i zhelaem yasnogo neba, uspeshnyh nablyudenii, novyh otkrytii i novyh znanii o vselennoi! Astronomicheskaya nedelya na Astronet - vash zvezdnyi putevoditel' v 2019 godu!
Na dannoi nedele 7 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,01+) pobyvaet v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity, a Uran dostignet stoyaniya s perehodom k pryamomu dvizheniyu. 9 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,08+) dostignet apogeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 406114 km ot centra Zemli, a 10 yanvarya pri faze 0,2+ proidet bliz Neptuna. 13 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,35+) proidet bliz Marsa, a Merkurii - v 1,7 gr. yuzhnee Saturna. V etot zhe den' dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda V Gonchih Psov dostignet maksimuma bleska (6m). Nevooruzhennym glazom vidna kometa P/Wirtanen (46P), kotoraya peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyam Rysi i Bol'shoi Medvedicy i yavlyaetsya nezahodyashim svetilom v srednih i severnyh shirotah. Asteroid Eros (433) bystro dvizhetsya na yug po sozvezdiyu Perseya.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 13 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 7 chasov 30 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca za opisyvaemyi period umen'shaetsya do 32,52 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu pervoi chetverti 14 yanvarya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Strel'ca, Kozeroga, Vodoleya i Ryb, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,0 do 0,45+ i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Strel'ca. 7 yanvarya tonkii molodoi mesyac vstupit v sozvezdie Kozeroga, proidya do etogo nishodyashii uzel svoei orbity. Blagopoluchno minovav eto sozvezdie za dva dnya, Luna dostignet sozvezdiya Vodoleya 9 yanvarya pri faze 0,11+ i bliz apogeya svoei orbity. Proidya yuzhnee Neptuna 10 yanvarya pri faze 0,2+, rastushii serp pereidet v sozvezdie Ryb pri faze 0,3+ 12 yanvarya. V etot zhe den' nochnoe svetilo (F= 0,35+) pereidet v sozvezdie Kita, gde proidet yuzhnee Marsa. 13 yanvarya pri faze 0,47+ Luna vnov' vstupit v sozvezdie Ryb, i poidet na sblizhenie s Uranom, yuzhnee kotorogo proidet (F= 0,52+) na sleduyushii den', uzhe prinyav fazu pervoi chetverti Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii i Saturn ne vidny, Venera i Yupiter nablyudayutsya na fone utrennei zari, a Mars, Uran i Neptun nahodyatsya na vechernem i nochnom nebe. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2019 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364101 . Efemeridy planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Wirtanen (46P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyam Rysi i Bol'shoi Medvedicy s bleskom okolo 5m (vidimost' nevooruzhennym glazom!). Kometa P/Stephan-Oterma (38P) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Rysi s bleskom slabee 10m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na yanvar', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Vesta (8,0m) v sozvezdii Kozeroga i Yunona (8,3m) v sozvezdiyah Eridana i Tel'ca.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: U Ovna 8,1m - 10 yanvarya, S Volopasa 8,4m - 11 yanvarya, T Eridana 8,0m - 12 yanvarya, V Gonchih Psov 6,8m - 13 yanvarya, V Pegasa 8,7m - 13 yanvarya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Saturn, Luna - Neptun, Luna - Mars, Luna - Uran, Venera - gamma Vesov, Saturn - M22, Uran - omikron Ryb, Neptun - lyambda Vodoleya, kometa P/Wirtanen (46P) - kometa P/Stephan-Oterma (38P).
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 7 yanvarya - v 1209 godu, 8 yanvarya - v 1750 godu, 9 yanvarya - v 0688 godu, 10 yanvarya - v 1377 godu, 11 yanvarya - v 1880 godu, 12 yanvarya - v 1423 godu, 13 yanvarya - v 1005 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 8 i 19 yanvarya (po 4 zatmeniya), a men'she vsego - 7 yanvarya (1 zatmenie). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Merkurii zakanchivaet utrennyuyu vidimost'. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 10 gradusov k koncu nedeli. Uglovye razmery planety umen'shayutsya ot 5,0 do 4,8 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -0,5m i faze, kotoraya uvelichivaetsya 0,93 do 0,97. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide krohotnogo diska. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,35 do 1,40 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2018 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2019.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vesov, 9 yanvarya perehodya v sozvezdie Skorpiona. Venera vidna na utrennem nebe (Utrennyaya zvezda) v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy neba. Ee mozhno nablyudat' dnem dazhe nevooruzhennym glazom. Poludisk planety mozhno nablyudat' v teleskop, a elongaciya ee priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 47 gradusov. V nachale nedeli Venera dostigaet maksimal'nogo uglovogo udaleniya ot Solnca (zapadnaya elongaciya). Vidimyi diametr Venery umen'shaetsya ot 24,5 do 22,7 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie -4,4m pri faze okolo 0,5. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 0,68 do 0,73 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2019.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Mars mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie i nochnye chasy v yuzhnoi chasti neba v vide krasnovatoi zvezdy. Blesk Marsa snizhaetsya do +0,6m, a vidimyi diametr umen'shaetsya ot 7,1 do 6,8 sekund dugi. Idet blagopriyatnyi period nablyudenii Marsa. V teleskop mozhno rassmotret' disk s krupnymi detalyami poverhnosti planety. Fotografirovanie planety s nalozheniem izobrazhenii pri pomoshi programmnogo obespecheniya, dadut luchshii rezul'tat po sravneniyu s vizual'nymi nablyudeniyami. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,31 do 1,37 a.e.. 27 iyulya 2018 goda Mars proshel velikoe protivostoyanie. Stat'ya ob etom astronomicheskom sobytii imeetsya v zhurnale Nebosvod za yanvar' 2018 goda i na Astronet. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2019.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca bliz Antaresa. Yupiter mozhno naiti na fone utrennei zari. Uglovoi diametr planety imeet znachenie 32,5 sekundy dugi pri bleske okolo -1,8m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli ot 6,14 ot 6,07 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali, a takzhe pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na yanvar'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2019.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Nachinaetsya utrennyaya vidimost' Saturna (v luchah voshodyashego Solnca). Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 15 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno razglyadet' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna priderzhivaetsya 11,03 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2019.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno v sozvezdii Ryb (bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m)), 7 yanvarya menyaya dvizhenie na pryamoe. Uran nablyudaetsya noch'yu. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 19,63 do 19,75 a.e.. V otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki pri prozrachnom nebe planetu mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2019.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy lyambda Aqr (3,7m). Neptun viden noch'yu, a naiti ego mozhno pri pomoshi binoklya ili teleskopa. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 30,45 lo 30,55 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2019.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 6 Jan 2019 15h27m37.80s -12 16.335' 2.655 3.133 8.9 52.7 56.49 104.8 Lib 11 Jan 2019 15h35m00.31s -12 44.307' 2.659 3.082 8.9 55.9 55.04 104.2 Lib Pallada (2) 6 Jan 2019 13h29m01.28s - 5 38.198' 2.324 2.239 8.9 82.4 50.05 75.9 Vir 11 Jan 2019 13h35m20.64s - 5 10.939' 2.334 2.183 8.9 86.2 48.24 71.8 Vir Yunona (3) 6 Jan 2019 3h34m40.57s - 1 45.617' 2.001 1.286 8.3 123.2 25.11 26.4 Eri 11 Jan 2019 3h36m32.91s - 0 58.709' 2.006 1.332 8.4 119.3 29.66 34.8 Tau Vesta (4) 6 Jan 2019 21h21m20.03s -19 29.897' 2.291 3.068 8.0 31.8 73.56 73.4 Cap 11 Jan 2019 21h31m16.94s -18 46.933' 2.296 3.105 8.0 29.2 73.81 72.7 Cap Geba (6) 6 Jan 2019 6h13m58.87s + 6 36.953' 2.241 1.292 8.5 159.8 42.40 302.1 Ori 11 Jan 2019 6h09m23.29s + 7 23.638' 2.252 1.317 8.7 156.2 40.24 306.7 Ori Eros (433) 6 Jan 2019 4h17m55.27s +47 13.560' 1.151 0.213 9.1 138.5 122.74 165.5 Per 11 Jan 2019 4h24m59.66s +43 06.116' 1.145 0.209 9.1 136.8 135.49 160.9 Per Gerkulina (532) 6 Jan 2019 9h53m03.54s +22 33.742' 2.440 1.592 9.5 141.5 27.43 349.2 Leo 11 Jan 2019 9h51m56.94s +23 29.712' 2.432 1.550 9.3 146.7 30.71 340.6 Leo a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2019 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii yanvarya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na yanvar', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
07 yanvarya, 00 chasov 08 minut - Luna (F= 0,01+) v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
08 yanvarya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa P/Wirtanen (46P) vidna nevooruzhennym glazom v sozvezdiyah Rysi i Bol'shoi Medvedicy.
09 yanvarya, 04 chasa 28 minut - Luna (F= 0,08+) v apogee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 406114 km ot centra Zemli.
10 yanvarya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,2+) bliz Neptuna.
11 yanvarya, utro - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda U Ovna bliz maksimuma bleska (7m).
12 yanvarya, vecher - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda V Gonchih Psov bliz maksimuma bleska (6m).
13 yanvarya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,35+) bliz Marsa,
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 10 yanvarya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 10 yanvarya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 10 yanvarya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N1 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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