Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 4 po 10 marta 2019 goda19.02.2019 6:10 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 4 marta Luna (F= 0,04-) dostignet apogeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 406387 km ot centra Zemli, a na sleduyushii den' Merkurii proidet tochku stoyaniya s perehodom k popyatnomu dvizheniyu. 6 marta Luna v faze novoluniya proidet yuzhnee Neptuna, a na sleduyushii den' Neptun dostignet soedineniya s Solncem. 10 marta Luna (F= 0,11+) proidet bliz Urana. Krome etogo, kometa Iwamoto (C/2018 Y1) yavlyaetsya nezahodyashim svetilom severnee shiroty Moskvy.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 30 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 11 chasov 20 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca za opisyvaemyi period umen'shaetsya do 32,21 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 6 marta. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Kozeroga, Vodoleya i Ryb, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,3- do 0, a zatem do 0,2+ i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Kozeroga. Tonkii mesyac probudet v etom sozvezdii do 5 marta (dostignuv 4 marta apogeya svoei orbity), a zatem pereidet v sozvezdie Vodoleya pri faze 0,02-. Zdes' Luna primet fazu novoluniya 6 marta, proidya yuzhnee Neptuna, a zatem vyidet na vechernee nebo. V sozvezdie Ryb tonkii lunnyi serp vstupit 7 marta pri faze 0,01+. Zdes' Luna proidet yuzhnee Merkuriya, nablyudayas' na fone vechernei zari. 8 marta, uvelichiv fazu do 0,02+, molodoi mesyac pereidet v sozvezdie Kita, a 9 marta pri faze 0,07+ Luna vnov' vstupit v sozvezdie Ryb. V etom sozvezdii tonkii serp poidet na sblizhenie s Uranom, yuzhnee kotorogo proidet 10 marta pri faze 0,11+. V etot zhe den' Luna pri faze 0,14+ vnov' pereidet v sozvezdie Kita. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii viden na fone vechernei zari, Venera, Yupiter i Saturn nablyudayutsya na utrennem nebe, a Mars i Uran nahodyatsya na vechernem nebe. Neptun ne viden. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2019 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364101 . Efemeridy planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Wirtanen (46P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Bol'shoi Medvedicy s bleskom slabee 10m. Kometa Iwamoto (C/2018 Y1) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Voznichego s bleskom slabee 7m, yavlyayas' nezahodyashim svetilom v severnyh raionah strany. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na mart, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Vesta (7,9m) v sozvezdii Vodoleya i Pallada (8,1m) v sozvezdiyah Devy i Volopasa.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: RV Orla 9,0m - 6 marta, X Bliznecov 8,2m - 7 marta, RW Andromedy 8,7m - 8 marta, S Vesov 8,4m - 8 marta, V Kozeroga 9,2m - 8 marta, X Vodoleya 8,3m - 8 marta.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Mars, Luna - Uran, Mars - Uran, Yupiter - Antares, Saturn - omikron Strel'ca, Uran - omikron Ryb, Neptun - lyambda Vodoleya, kometa P/Wirtanen (46P) - kometa P/Stephan-Oterma (38P), kometa Iwamoto (C/2018 Y1) - M36.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 4 marta - v 1821 godu, 5 marta - v 1448 godu, 6 marta - v 1467 godu, 7 marta - v 1970 godu, 8 marta - v 1644 godu, 9 marta - v 2016 godu, 10 marta - v 1141 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 9 marta (8 zatmenii), a men'she vsego - 5 marta (2 zatmeniya). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ryb, 5 marta perehodya k popyatnomu dvizheniyu. Merkurii viden na fone vechernei zari. Elongaciya bystroi planety bystro umen'shaetsya do 9 gradusov k koncu nedeli. Uglovye razmery planety uvelichivayutsya ot 8,4 do 10,2 sekund dugi pri bleske, snizhayushemsya ot 0m do +3m i faze, umen'shayusheisya za nedelyu ot 0,26 do 0,05. V teleskop Merkurii nablyudaetsya v vide nebol'shogo serpa. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,80 do 0,66 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2019 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god . 11 noyabrya 2019 goda Merkurii proidet po disku Solnca. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2019.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Venera vidna na utrennem nebe v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy neba. Ee mozhno nablyudat' i dnem dazhe nevooruzhennym glazom. V teleskop viden oval planety bez detalei, a elongaciya ee umen'shaetsya ot 39 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery umen'shaetsya ot 15,3 do 14,7 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie -4,0m pri faze okolo 0,75. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,09 do 1,14 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2019.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Mars mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie chasy v yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba v vide krasnovatoi zvezdy. Blesk Marsa priderzhivaetsya znacheniya +1,2m, a vidimyi diametr umen'shaetsya ot 5,2 do 5,0 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk (samyi malen'kii iz vseh yarkih planet). Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,79 do 1,85 a.e.. 27 iyulya 2018 goda Mars proshel velikoe protivostoyanie. Stat'ya ob etom astronomicheskom sobytii imeetsya v zhurnale Nebosvod za yanvar' 2018 goda i na Astronet. Sleduyushee protivostoyanie, blizkoe k velikomu, proizoidet 13 oktyabrya 2020 goda (Astronomicheskii kalendar' na 2020 god). Vidimyi diametr Marsa v period protivostoyaniya budet dostigat' 22,6 uglovyh sekund! Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2019.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca bliz Antaresa. Yupiter nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe. Uglovoi diametr planety uvelichivaetsya ot 36,5 do 37,3 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -2,0m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli ot 5,40 do 5,28 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali, a takzhe pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na mart. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2019.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' na utrennem nebe. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,6m, a uglovoi diametr uvelichivaetsya ot 15,7 do 15,8 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno razglyadet' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 10,59 do 10,49 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2019.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna (bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m)). Uran nablyudaetsya po vecheram. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 20,52 do 20,60 a.e.. V otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki pri prozrachnom nebe planetu mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2019.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy lyambda Aqr (3,7m). Neptun nahoditsya na vechernem nebe, no ne viden. Disk planety v periody vidimosti razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 30,92 do 30,93 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2019.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 6 Mar 2019 16h39m05.24s -15 53.852' 2.698 2.435 8.5 94.4 29.28 99.4 Oph 11 Mar 2019 16h42m50.93s -16 02.909' 2.702 2.372 8.5 98.4 25.64 99.6 Oph Pallada (2) 6 Mar 2019 14h11m22.48s + 6 38.235' 2.453 1.663 8.1 133.5 49.43 358.9 Vir 11 Mar 2019 14h10m53.65s + 8 18.783' 2.465 1.636 8.1 138.0 51.39 353.1 Boo Yunona (3) 6 Mar 2019 4h36m00.49s + 8 34.319' 2.079 1.935 9.4 84.0 63.78 67.9 Tau 11 Mar 2019 4h44m08.07s + 9 21.167' 2.088 1.996 9.4 81.2 65.40 69.6 Ori Vesta (4) 6 Mar 2019 23h14m53.07s - 9 41.396' 2.350 3.337 7.9 4.6 73.50 68.3 Aqr 11 Mar 2019 23h24m05.10s - 8 46.842' 2.355 3.343 7.9 4.8 73.22 68.1 Aqr Geba (6) 6 Mar 2019 6h05m44.40s +15 55.292' 2.375 1.897 10.0 106.4 32.00 54.0 Ori 11 Mar 2019 6h09m37.20s +16 31.539' 2.387 1.968 10.1 102.4 34.66 59.8 Ori Irida (7) 6 Mar 2019 13h08m34.45s -15 24.756' 2.780 1.927 9.9 142.5 22.55 283.8 Vir 11 Mar 2019 13h05m16.71s -15 11.641' 2.788 1.895 9.8 148.2 26.87 286.7 Vir Gerkulina (532) 6 Mar 2019 9h13m24.45s +32 47.739' 2.361 1.494 9.3 142.8 21.29 302.3 Cnc 11 Mar 2019 9h10m54.28s +33 06.902' 2.356 1.525 9.4 137.7 15.48 300.1 Lyn a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2019 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii marta mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na mart, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
04 marta, 11 chasov 27 minut - Luna (F= 0,04-) v apogee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 406387 km ot centra Zemli.
05 marta, 06 chasov 00 minut - Merkurii v stoyanii s perehodom k popyatnomu dvizheniyu.
06 marta, 16 chasov 04 minuty - Novolunie.
07 marta, 01 chas 00 minut - Neptun v soedinenii s Solncem.
08 marta, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda S Vesov bliz maksimuma bleska (7,5m).
09 marta, utro - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda X Vodoleya bliz maksimuma bleska (7m).
10 marta, vecher - Luna (F= 0,11+) bliz Urana.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 7 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 7 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 7 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N3 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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