Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 18 po 24 marta 2019 goda8.03.2019 19:31 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 18 marta dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda SS Devy dostignet maksimuma bleska (6m), 19 marta Luna (F= 0,94+) proidet severnee Regula okolo perigeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 359378 km ot centra Zemli, 20 marta nastupit vesennee ravnodenstvie, 21 marta dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda RR Skorpiona dostignet maksimuma bleska (5m), a 25 marta Merkurii proidet v 2,4 gr. severnee Neptuna. Krome etogo, kometa Iwamoto (C/2018 Y1) yavlyaetsya nezahodyashim svetilom severnee shiroty Moskvy.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 35 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 12 chasov 25 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca za opisyvaemyi period umen'shaetsya do 32,08 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 21 marta. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Raka, L'va, Devy i Vesov, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,85+ do 1,0, a zatem do 0,80- i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Raka. 18 marta yarkii lunnyi oval (F= 0,88+) pereidet v sozvezdie L'va i ustremitsya k Regulu, severnee kotorogo proidet na sleduyushii den' pri faze 0,94+ i bliz perigeya svoei orbity (19 marta). V sozvezdii L'va Luna probudet do 20 marta, kogda pri faze 0,99+ pereidet v sozvezdie Devy. Zdes' lunnyi oval 21 marta primet fazu polnoluniya, a 22 marta proidet severnee Spiki pri faze 0,97-. 23 marta pri faze 0,92- Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Vesov, gde probudet do 25 marta, umen'shiv fazu do 0,77-. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii ne viden, Venera, Yupiter i Saturn nablyudayutsya na utrennem nebe, a Mars i Uran nahodyatsya na vechernem nebe. Neptun ne viden. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2019 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364101 . Efemeridy planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Wirtanen (46P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Malogo L'va s bleskom slabee 11m. Kometa Iwamoto (C/2018 Y1) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Perseya s bleskom slabee 9m, yavlyayas' nezahodyashim svetilom v severnyh raionah strany. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na mart, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Vesta (7,9m) v sozvezdii Vodoleya i Pallada (7,9m) v sozvezdii Volopasa.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: SS Devy 6,8m - 18 marta, V L'va 9,1m - 21 marta, RR Skorpiona 5,9m - 21 marta.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Regul, Luna - Spika, Mars - Uran, Yupiter - Antares, Saturn - omikron Strel'ca, Uran - omikron Ryb, Neptun - lyambda Vodoleya, kometa P/Wirtanen (46P) - kometa P/Stephan-Oterma (38P), kometa Iwamoto (C/2018 Y1) - M36.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 18 marta - v 1988 godu, 19 marta - v 1113 godu, 20 marta - v 2015 godu, 21 marta - v 1159 godu, 22 marta - v 0201 godu, 23 marta - v 1308 godu, 24 marta - v 1811 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 19 marta (7 zatmenii), a men'she vsego - 22 marta (2 zatmeniya). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Merkurii zakonchil vechernyuyu vidimost' i pereshel na utrennee nebo, no v severnyh i srednih shirotah ne viden (tol'ko v yuzhnyh shirotah strany). Elongaciya planety k koncu nedeli uvelichivaetsya do 17 gradusov. Uglovye razmery planety umen'shayutsya ot 11,0 do 10,5 sekund dugi pri bleske, vozrastayushem ot +5m do +2m i faze, uvelichivayusheisya za nedelyu ot 0,0 do 0,13. V teleskop Merkurii nablyudaetsya v vide nebol'shogo serpa. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,60 do 0,64 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2019 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god . 11 noyabrya 2019 goda Merkurii proidet po disku Solnca. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2019.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Venera vidna na utrennem nebe v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy neba. Ee mozhno nablyudat' i dnem. V teleskop viden oval planety bez detalei, a elongaciya ee sostavlyaet okolo 36 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery umen'shaetsya ot 14,1 do 13,6 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie -4m pri faze okolo 0,8. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,14 do 1,23 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2019.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna, 23 marta perehodya v sozvezdie Tel'ca. Mars mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie chasy v yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba v vide krasnovatoi zvezdy. Blesk Marsa priderzhivaetsya znacheniya +1,3m, a vidimyi diametr umen'shaetsya ot 4,9 do 4,8 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk (samyi malen'kii iz vseh yarkih planet). Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,91 do 1,96 a.e.. 27 iyulya 2018 goda Mars proshel velikoe protivostoyanie. Stat'ya ob etom astronomicheskom sobytii imeetsya v zhurnale Nebosvod za yanvar' 2018 goda i na Astronet. Sleduyushee protivostoyanie, blizkoe k velikomu, proizoidet 13 oktyabrya 2020 goda (Astronomicheskii kalendar' na 2020 god). Vidimyi diametr Marsa v period protivostoyaniya budet dostigat' 22,6 uglovyh sekund! Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2019.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca bliz Antaresa. Yupiter nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe. Uglovoi diametr planety uvelichivaetsya ot 38,1 do 39,0 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -2,1m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli ot 5,17 do 5,06 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali, a takzhe pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na mart. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2019.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' na utrennem nebe. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr uvelichivaetsya ot 16,0 do 16,2 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno razglyadet' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 10,38 do 10,28 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2019.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna (bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m)). Uran nablyudaetsya po vecheram. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 20,68 do 20,74 a.e.. V otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki pri prozrachnom nebe planetu mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2019.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy lyambda Aqr (3,7m). Neptun nahoditsya na utrennem nebe, no ne viden. Disk planety v periody vidimosti razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 30,92 do 30,89 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2019.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son.
Cerera (1)
21 Mar 2019 16h48m47.81s -16 18.326' 2.710 2.247 8.3 106.9 17.72 101.3 Oph
26 Mar 2019 16h50m55.06s -16 24.984' 2.714 2.187 8.2 111.3 13.45 103.7 Oph
Pallada (2)
21 Mar 2019 14h07m53.80s +11 45.363' 2.489 1.600 7.9 146.0 54.01 343.1 Boo
26 Mar 2019 14h05m28.56s +13 27.865' 2.501 1.592 7.9 149.1 54.33 338.8 Boo
Yunona (3)
21 Mar 2019 5h01m14.77s +10 47.438' 2.107 2.119 9.6 75.7 68.00 72.7 Ori
26 Mar 2019 5h10m10.25s +11 26.505' 2.117 2.180 9.6 73.1 69.04 74.2 Ori
Vesta (4)
21 Mar 2019 23h42m16.88s - 6 57.627' 2.365 3.346 8.0 8.1 72.55 67.9 Aqr
26 Mar 2019 23h51m16.84s - 6 03.218' 2.370 3.344 8.0 10.3 72.18 67.9 Aqr
Geba (6)
21 Mar 2019 6h18m58.61s +17 35.743' 2.409 2.114 10.3 94.7 39.69 68.4 Ori
26 Mar 2019 6h24m21.20s +18 03.619' 2.421 2.188 10.3 91.0 41.99 71.6 Gem
Irida (7)
21 Mar 2019 12h57m19.31s -14 31.823' 2.803 1.848 9.6 159.5 33.73 291.0 Vir
26 Mar 2019 12h52m51.46s -14 05.806' 2.810 1.835 9.5 165.0 36.05 292.7 Crv
Gerkulina (532)
21 Mar 2019 9h08m13.49s +33 24.528' 2.345 1.599 9.5 127.8 3.48 290.0 Lyn
26 Mar 2019 9h08m06.71s +33 23.976' 2.340 1.641 9.6 123.2 2.56 132.3 Lyn
a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0,
r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.),
m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas),
RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2019 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii marta mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na mart, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
18 marta, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda SS Devy bliz maksimuma bleska (6m).
19 marta, 19 chasov 45 minut - Luna (F= 0,98+) v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 359378 km ot centra Zemli.
20 marta, 21 chas 58 minut - Vesennee ravnodenstvie.
21 marta, 01 chas 42 minuty - Polnolunie.
22 marta, utro - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda RR Skorpiona bliz maksimuma bleska (5m).
23 marta i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa Iwamoto (C/2018 Y1) yavlyaetsya nezahodyashim svetilom severnee shiroty Moskvy.
24 marta, utro - Merkurii bliz Neptuna.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 21 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 21 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 21 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N3 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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