Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 25 po 31 marta 2019 goda22.03.2019 6:16 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 25 marta Merkurii prohodit v 2,4 gr. severnee Neptuna, a dolgoperiodicheskie peremennye zvezdy U Kita i V Kassiopei dostigayut maksimuma bleska (6,5m). 27 marta Luna (F= 0,6-) prohodit v dvuh gradusah severnee Yupitera, a Merkurii dostigaet stoyaniya s perehodom k pryamomu dvizheniyu. 28 marta dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda W Kita dostignet maksimuma bleska (6,5m), a Luna (F= 0,47-) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora. 29 marta proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,40-) Saturna pri vidimosti v akvatorii Atlanticheskogo i Indiiskogo okeanov i v yuzhnoi chasti Afriki, a Luna (F= 0,37-) okazhetsya v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity. 31 marta dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Zmeenosca dostignet maksimuma bleska (6,5m), a Mars proidet v 3 gradusah yuzhnee zvezdnogo skopleniya Pleyady.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 38 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 13 chasov 00 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca za opisyvaemyi period umen'shaetsya do 32,03 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu poslednei chetverti 28 marta. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Vesov, Skorpiona, Zmeenosca, Strel'ca, Kozeroga i Vodoleya, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,80- do 0,17- i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Vesov. Zdes' Luna probudet do 25 marta, umen'shiv fazu do 0,77-. V etot den' lunnyi oval pobyvaet v sozvezdii Skorpiona, a zatem (F= 0,73-) pereidet v sozvezdie Zmeenosca, nablyudayas' na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Zdes' 27 marta na utrennem nebe Luna sblizitsya s Yupiterom pri faze 0,6-, a zatem pereidet v sozvezdie Strel'ca. Zdes' 28 marta nochnoe svetilo primet fazu poslednei chetverti. 29 marta pri faze 0,4- i bliz maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora Luna vtoroi raz za mesyac pokroet Saturn pri vidimosti v Afrike i akvatorii Atlanticheskogo i Indiiskogo okeanov. 30 marta lunnyi serp pri faze 0,32- dostignet sozvezdiya Vodoleya i zakonchit zdes' svoi put' po nebu marta pri faze 0,17-. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii viden v yuzhnyh shirotah strany, Venera, Yupiter i Saturn nablyudayutsya na utrennem nebe, a Mars i Uran nahodyatsya na vechernem nebe. Neptun ne viden. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2019 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364101 . Efemeridy planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Wirtanen (46P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Malogo L'va s bleskom slabee 12m. Kometa Iwamoto (C/2018 Y1) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Perseya s bleskom slabee 10m, yavlyayas' nezahodyashim svetilom v severnyh raionah strany. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na mart, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Vesta (8,0m) v sozvezdii Vodoleya Ryb i Pallada (7,9m) v sozvezdii Volopasa.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: U Kita 7,5m - 25 marta, V Kassiopei 7,9m - 25 marta, RY Zmeenosca 8,2m - 27 marta, W Kita 7,6m - 28 marta, R Lisichki 8,1m - 30 marta, R Zmeenosca 7,6m - 31 marta..
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Antares, Luna - Yupiter, Luna - Saturn, Luna - Venera, Mars - Uran, Yupiter - Antares, Saturn - omikron Strel'ca, Uran - omikron Ryb, Neptun - lyambda Vodoleya, kometa Iwamoto (C/2018 Y1) - M36.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 25 marta - v 1857 godu, 26 marta - v 1484 godu, 27 marta - v 1522 godu, 28 marta - v 0982 godu, 29 marta - v 2006 godu, 30 marta - v 1680 godu, 31 marta - v 1699 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 25 marta (9 zatmenii), a men'she vsego 26 i 27 marta (po 2 zatmeniya). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ryb, 27 marta perehodya k pryamomu dvizheniyu. Merkurii viden na utrennem nebe, no luchshie usloviya ego vidimosti v yuzhnyh shirotah strany. Elongaciya planety k koncu nedeli uvelichivaetsya do 23 gradusov. Uglovye razmery planety umen'shayutsya ot 10,5 do 9,5 sekund dugi pri bleske, vozrastayushem ot +2m do +1m i faze, uvelichivayusheisya za nedelyu ot 0,13 do 0,25. V teleskop Merkurii nablyudaetsya v vide nebol'shogo serpa. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,64 do 0,69 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2019 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god . 11 noyabrya 2019 goda Merkurii proidet po disku Solnca. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2019.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Venera vidna na utrennem nebe v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy neba. Ee mozhno nablyudat' i dnem. V teleskop viden oval planety bez detalei, a elongaciya ee sostavlyaet okolo 35 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery umen'shaetsya ot 13,6 do 13,2 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie -4m pri faze okolo 0,8. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,23 do 1,27 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2019.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Mars mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie chasy v yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba v vide krasnovatoi zvezdy. Blesk Marsa priderzhivaetsya znacheniya +1,3m, a vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 5 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk (samyi malen'kii iz vseh yarkih planet). Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,96 do 2,02 a.e.. 27 iyulya 2018 goda Mars proshel velikoe protivostoyanie. Stat'ya ob etom astronomicheskom sobytii imeetsya v zhurnale Nebosvod za yanvar' 2018 goda i na Astronet. Sleduyushee protivostoyanie, blizkoe k velikomu, proizoidet 13 oktyabrya 2020 goda (Astronomicheskii kalendar' na 2020 god). Vidimyi diametr Marsa v period protivostoyaniya budet dostigat' 22,6 uglovyh sekund! Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2019.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca bliz Antaresa. Yupiter nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe. Uglovoi diametr planety uvelichivaetsya ot 39,0 do 39,8 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -2,1m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli ot 5,06 do 4,95 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali, a takzhe pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na mart. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2019.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' na utrennem nebe. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr uvelichivaetsya ot 16,2 do 16,4 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno razglyadet' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 10,28 do 10,16 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2019.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna (bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m)). Uran nablyudaetsya po vecheram. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 20,74 do 20,79 a.e.. V otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki pri prozrachnom nebe planetu mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2019.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy lyambda Aqr (3,7m). Neptun nahoditsya na utrennem nebe, no ne viden. Disk planety v periody vidimosti razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 30,89 do 30,85 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2019.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 26 Mar 2019 16h50m55.06s -16 24.984' 2.714 2.187 8.2 111.3 13.45 103.7 Oph 31 Mar 2019 16h52m25.35s -16 31.123' 2.718 2.129 8.2 115.8 9.00 109.2 Oph Pallada (2) 26 Mar 2019 14h05m28.56s +13 27.865' 2.501 1.592 7.9 149.1 54.33 338.8 Boo 31 Mar 2019 14h02m31.91s +15 07.315' 2.513 1.590 7.9 151.3 53.79 334.7 Boo Yunona (3) 26 Mar 2019 5h10m10.25s +11 26.505' 2.117 2.180 9.6 73.1 69.04 74.2 Ori 31 Mar 2019 5h19m18.60s +12 02.687' 2.128 2.241 9.7 70.5 69.96 75.6 Ori Vesta (4) 26 Mar 2019 23h51m16.84s - 6 03.218' 2.370 3.344 8.0 10.3 72.18 67.9 Aqr 31 Mar 2019 0h00m13.08s - 5 09.098' 2.375 3.339 8.0 12.6 71.78 67.9 Psc Irida (7) 26 Mar 2019 12h52m51.46s -14 05.806' 2.810 1.835 9.5 165.0 36.05 292.7 Crv 31 Mar 2019 12h48m13.16s -13 36.392' 2.817 1.828 9.4 169.8 37.48 294.3 Crv Gerkulina (532) 26 Mar 2019 9h08m06.71s +33 23.976' 2.340 1.641 9.6 123.2 2.56 132.3 Lyn 31 Mar 2019 9h08m49.16s +33 17.851' 2.335 1.686 9.7 118.7 8.26 122.1 Lyn a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2019 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii marta mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na mart, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
25 marta, utro - Merkurii prohodit v 2,4 gr. severnee Neptuna.
26 marta, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda V Kassiopei bliz maksimuma bleska (7m).
27 marta, utro - Luna (F= 0,6-) bliz Yupitera.
28 marta, 04 chasa 10 minuty - Luna v faze poslednei chetverti.
29 marta, 13 chasov 08 minut - Luna (F= 0,37-) v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
30 marta, vecher - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Zmeenosca bliz maksimuma bleska (6,5m).
31 marta, vecher - Mars prohodit v 3 gradusah yuzhnee zvezdnogo skopleniya Pleyady.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 28 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 28 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 28 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N3 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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