Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 20 po 26 maya 2019 goda11.04.2019 7:31 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 20 maya Luna (F= 0,96-) proidet bliz Yupitera, 21 maya Merkurii okazhetsya v verhnem soedinenii s Solncem, a asteroid Massaliya (20) vstupit v protivostoyanie s Solncem. 22 maya Luna (F= 0,88-) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora i pri faze 0,84- dostignet nishodyashego uzla svoei orbity, a takzhe proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,83-) Saturna pri vidimosti v Afrike, Avstralii, Novoi Zelandii i akvatorii Tihogo, Indiiskogo i Atlanticheskogo okeanov. 23 maya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Pegasa dostignet maksimuma bleska (6,5m), a na sleduyushii den' dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Del'fina dostignet maksimuma bleska (7m). 25 maya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda RU Vesov dostignet maksimuma bleska (7m), a na sleduyushii den' Luna v faze poslednei chetverti proidet apogei svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 404137 km ot centra Zemli. Krome etogo, prodolzhaetsya period poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov na fone sumerechnogo segmenta v srednih shirotah strany.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 55 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 16 chasov 50 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca za opisyvaemyi period umen'shaetsya do 31,58 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu poslednei chetverti 26 maya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Zmeenosca, Strel'ca, Kozeroga, Vodoleya, izmenyaya fazu ot 1,0 do 0,5- i umen'shaya (do serediny nedeli, a zatem uvelichivaya) sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Zmeenosca, nablyudayas' na nochnom nebe nizko nad gorizontom. Zdes' 20 maya Luna proidet v 2 gradusah severnee Yupitera pri faze 0,96-, a 21 maya (F= 0,95-) pereidet v sozvezdie Strel'ca. V etom sozvezdii 22 maya nochnoe svetilo proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora pri faze 0,88-. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,84-) dostignet nishodyashego uzla svoei orbity, a zatem pokroet Saturn pri faze 0,83- pri vidimosti v Afrike, Avstralii i akvatorii Tihogo, Indiiskogo i Atlanticheskogo okeanov. V sozvezdii Strel'ca Luna probudet do 23 maya, kogda pereidet v sozvezdie Kozeroga pri faze 0,77-. V konce dnya 25 maya lunnyi oval pri faze 0,57- dostignet sozvezdiya Vodoleya, gde 26 maya bliz apogeya svoei orbity (F= 0,51-) primet fazu poslednei chetverti, nablyudayas' na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii ne viden. Venera nablyudaetsya v luchah voshodyashego Solnca v yuzhnyh shirotah strany, Yupiter i Saturn vidny na nochnom i utrennem nebe, a Mars - na fone vechernei zari. Uran i Neptun nahodyatsya na utrennem nebe. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2019 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364101 . Efemeridy planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica Iwamoto (C/2018 Y1) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Perseya s bleskom slabee 12m, yavlyayas' nezahodyashim svetilom v severnyh raionah strany. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na mai, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Cerera (7,0m) v sozvezdii Zmeenosca, Vesta (8,3m) v sozvezdii Ryb i Pallada (8,7m) v sozvezdiyah Volos Veroniki.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: R Pechi 8,9 - 22 maya, V Devy 8,9m - 23 maya, R Pegasa 7,8m - 23 maya, U Voznichego 8,5m - 24 maya, S Kompasa 9,0m - 24 maya, R Del'fina 8,3m - 24 maya, X Voznichego 8,6m - 25 maya, RU Vesov 8,1m - 25 maya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Yupiter, Luna - Antares, Luna - Saturn, Luna - Neptun, Yupiter - Antares, Saturn - omikron Strel'ca, Uran - omikron Ryb, Neptun - lyambda Vodoleya, Pallada - Arktur, Flora - Partenopa.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 20 maya - v 1947 godu, 21 maya - ne bylo, 22 maya - v 1724 godu, 23 maya - v 1221 godu, 24 maya - v 1789 godu, 25 maya - v 1770 godu, 26 maya - v 1387 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 25 maya (9 zatmenii), a men'she vsego - 21 maya (ne bylo). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Merkurii ne viden, t.k. vstupaet v verhnee soedinenie s Solncem 21 maya. Elongaciya planety k koncu nedeli uvelichivaetsya do 7 gradusov k vostoku. Uglovye razmery planety sostavlyayut okolo 5 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -2m i faze okolo 1. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,32 do 1,29 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2019 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god . 11 noyabrya 2019 goda Merkurii proidet po disku Solnca. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2019.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Venera vidna na fone utrennei zari v yuzhnyh shirotah strany. V teleskop viden oval planety bez detalei, a elongaciya ee sostavlyaet okolo 22 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet okolo 11 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie okolo -4m pri faze okolo 0,9. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,53 do 1,57 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2019.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov. Mars mozhno nablyudat' po vecheram v zapadnoi chasti neba v vide krasnovatoi zvezdy. Blesk Marsa priderzhivaetsya znacheniya +1,7m, a vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 4 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk (samyi malen'kii iz vseh yarkih planet). Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 2,36 do 2,40 a.e.. 27 iyulya 2018 goda Mars proshel velikoe protivostoyanie. Stat'ya ob etom astronomicheskom sobytii imeetsya v zhurnale Nebosvod za yanvar' 2018 goda i na Astronet. Sleduyushee protivostoyanie, blizkoe k velikomu, proizoidet 13 oktyabrya 2020 goda (Astronomicheskii kalendar' na 2020 god). Vidimyi diametr Marsa v period protivostoyaniya budet dostigat' 22,6 uglovyh sekund! Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2019.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca bliz Antaresa. Yupiter nablyudaetsya na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Uglovoi diametr planety uvelichivaetsya ot 45,2 do 45,6 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -2,5m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli ot 4,36 do 4,32 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali, a takzhe pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1459865. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2019.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,3m, a uglovoi diametr imeet znachenie okolo 17,5 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno razglyadet' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 9,39 do 9,30 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2019.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna (bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m)). Uran nahoditsya na utrennem nebe, no viden tol'ko v yuzhnyh shirotah strany. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 20,76 do 20,70 a.e.. V otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki pri prozrachnom nebe planetu v periody luchshei vidimosti mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom (osen'yu etogo goda). Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2019.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy lyambda Aqr (3,7m). Neptun nahoditsya na utrennem nebe. Disk planety v periody vidimosti razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 30,27 do 30,15 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2019.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 21 May 2019 16h31m07.68s -17 28.917' 2.758 1.756 7.1 169.7 33.41 264.4 Oph 26 May 2019 16h26m23.74s -17 35.591' 2.762 1.751 7.0 174.7 34.46 264.3 Oph Pallada (2) 21 May 2019 13h29m33.06s +24 06.710' 2.637 1.930 8.7 124.3 10.44 282.6 Com 26 May 2019 13h28m20.54s +24 07.469' 2.649 1.989 8.8 120.3 6.49 256.8 Com Vesta (4) 21 May 2019 1h27m40.11s + 3 18.316' 2.423 3.136 8.3 38.3 65.24 70.4 Psc 26 May 2019 1h35m50.32s + 4 01.233' 2.428 3.102 8.3 40.9 64.35 70.9 Psc Flora (8) 21 May 2019 15h12m31.07s - 9 18.807' 2.527 1.533 9.8 166.2 38.48 278.5 Lib 26 May 2019 15h07m30.19s - 9 08.823' 2.525 1.545 9.9 161.0 36.25 276.7 Lib Partenopa (11) 21 May 2019 15h24m14.79s -10 54.226' 2.413 1.411 9.6 169.1 35.60 280.4 Lib 26 May 2019 15h19m34.75s -10 42.657' 2.407 1.416 9.7 164.3 33.95 278.7 Lib Massaliya (20) 21 May 2019 15h47m07.27s -19 17.698' 2.631 1.619 9.7 179.2 36.84 283.4 Lib 26 May 2019 15h42m06.52s -19 00.572' 2.636 1.628 9.9 173.4 36.04 283.7 Lib a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2019 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii maya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na mai, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
20 maya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,96-) bliz Yupitera.
21 maya, 13 chasov 00 minut - Merkurii v verhnem soedinenii s Solncem.
22 maya, 19 chasov 12 minut - Luna (F= 0,84-) v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
23 maya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Pegasa bliz maksimuma bleska (6,5m).
24 maya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Del'fina bliz maksimuma bleska (7m).
25 maya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda RU Vesov bliz maksimuma bleska (7m).
26 maya, 16 chasov 33 minuty - Luna v faze poslednei chetverti.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 23 maya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-vostochnoi i yuzhnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 23 maya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 23 maya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N5 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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