Astronomicheskaya nedelya so 2 po 8 sentyabrya 2019 goda30.07.2019 6:49 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 2 sentyabrya Mars vstupit v soedinenie s Solncem. 3 sentyabrya Merkurii proidet v 0,6 gr. severnee Marsa, a 4 sentyabrya dostignet verhnego soedineniya s Solncem. 6 sentyabrya Luna v faze pervoi chetverti proidet severnee Yupitera, a na sleduyushii den' dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Andromedy dostignet maksimuma bleska (6m). 8 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,72+) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora, a takzhe pokroet (F= 0,73+) Saturn pri vidimosti v Afrike, Avstralii i akvatorii Indiiskogo okeana. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,75+) dostignet nishodyashego uzla svoei orbity.Krome etogo, 6 sentyabrya Neptun sblizitsya so zvezdoi fi Vodoleya do 13 uglovyh sekund.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya do 39 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 13 chasov 20 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya do 31,75 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu L'va. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu pervoi chetverti 6 sentyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Devy, Vesov, Skorpiona, Zmeenosca, i Strel'ca, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,1+ do 0,75+ i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Devy. Proidya pri faze 0,13+ severnee zvezdy Spika 2 sentyabrya, molodoi mesyac 3 sentyabrya pokinet sozvezdie Devy, pereidya v sozvezdie Vesov pri faze 0,22+. Uvelichiv fazu do 0,41+ lunnyi serp 5 sentyabrya pereidet v sozvezdie Skorpiona, pereidya v etot zhe den' v sozvezdie Zmeenosca pri faze 0,45+, nablyudayas' na vechernem nebe nizko nad gorizontom levee Yupitera, s kotorym maksimal'no sblizitsya 6 sentyabrya pri faze 0,52+, prinyav pered etim fazu pervoi chetverti. 7 sentyabrya lunnyi oval (F= 0,6+) pereidet v sozvezdie Strel'ca, gde proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora pri faze 0,72+ 8 sentyabrya. Cherez neskol'ko chasov posle etogo sobytiya nochnoe svetilo (F= 0,73+) pokroet Saturn pri vidimosti v Afrike, Avstralii i akvatorii Indiiskogo okeana. V etot zhe den' Luna proidet tochku nishodyashego uzla svoei orbity pri faze 0,75+. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii, Venera i Mars ne vidny, a Yupiter i Saturn nablyudayutsya vecherom i noch'yu. Uran i Neptun nahodyatsya na nochnom nebe. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2019 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364101 . Efemeridy planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica Africano (C/2018 W2) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Perseya s bleskom okolo 10m. Kometa P/SOHO (P/2008 Y12) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Vesov s bleskom okolo 8m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Evnomiya (8,5m) v sozvezdii Vodoleya i Vesta (7,5m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: Y Edinoroga 9,1m - 4 sentyabrya, R Mikroskopa 9,2m - 5 sentyabrya, X Del'fina 9,0m - 5 sentyabrya, Z Orla 9,0m - 6 sentyabrya, R Andromedy 6,9m - 7 sentyabrya, R Golubya 8,9m - 7 sentyabrya, SS Zmeenosca 8,7m - 8 sentyabrya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Spika, Luna - Antares, Luna - Yupiter, Merkurii Regul, Yupiter - Antares, Saturn - omikron Strel'ca, Uran - al'fa Ovna, Neptun - fi Vodoleya, Africano (C/2018 W2) - al'fa Perseya, P/SOHO (P/2008 Y12) ipsilon Vesov.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 2 sentyabrya - v 1160 godu, 3 sentyabrya - 1690 godu, 4 sentyabrya - v 1728 godu, 5 sentyabrya - v 0248 godu, 6 sentyabrya - v 1755 godu, 7 sentyabrya - v 1858 godu, 8 sentyabrya - v 1885 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 4 sentyabrya (7 zatmenii), a men'she vsego - 5 sentyabrya (1 zatmenie). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu L'va. Merkurii prohodit verhnee soedinenie s Solncem i perehodit na vechernee nebo 4 sentyabrya. Elongaciya planety k koncu nedeli uvelichivaetsya do 4 gradusov. Planeta ne vidna. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya sostavlyayut okolo 5 sekund dugi pri bleske, kotoryi umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot -1,7m do -1,4m i faze 1,0 - 0,99. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,36 do 1,38 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2019 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god . 11 noyabrya 2019 goda Merkurii proidet po disku Solnca. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2019.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu L'va. Venera imeet vechernyuyu vidimost', no na fone zari poyavitsya v srednih shirotah lish' v konce mesyaca. Elongaciya planety uvelichivaetsya do 7 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet okolo 10 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie okolo -4m pri faze blizkoi k 1,0. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 1,7 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2019.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu L'va. Mars ne viden. Blesk planety priderzhivaetsya znacheniya +1,7m, a vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet menee 4 sekund dugi. Eto samyi malen'kii vidimyi diametr iz vseh yarkih planet. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 2,67 a.e.. 27 iyulya 2018 goda Mars proshel velikoe protivostoyanie. Stat'ya ob etom astronomicheskom sobytii imeetsya v zhurnale Nebosvod za yanvar' 2018 goda i na Astronet. Sleduyushee protivostoyanie, blizkoe k velikomu, proizoidet 13 oktyabrya 2020 goda (Astronomicheskii kalendar' na 2020 god). Vidimyi diametr Marsa v period protivostoyaniya budet dostigat' 22,6 uglovyh sekund! Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2019.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca bliz Antaresa. Yupiter nablyudaetsya vecherom i noch'yu. Eto samyi blagopriyatnyi period v godu dlya nablyudenii planety, hotya Yupiter kul'miniruet v srednih shirotah nevysoko nad gorizontom, a vyshe severnogo polyarnogo kruga sovsem ne viden. Uglovoi diametr planety umen'shaetsya do 38,0 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,1m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,07- 5,17 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali, a takzhe pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2019.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' na vechernem i nochnom nebe. Vyshe 69 paralleli Saturn ne viden. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,3m, a uglovoi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 17,5 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno razglyadet' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 9,43 do 9,53 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2019.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna (bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m)). Uran nablyudaetsya pochti vsyu noch'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 19,26 do 19,17 a.e.. V otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki pri prozrachnom nebe planetu mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2019.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya opyatno po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun mozhno nablyudat' vsyu noch'. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 28,93 do 28,92 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2019.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 1 Sep 2019 16h14m16.21s -22 27.783' 2.837 2.692 8.8 87.7 33.64 108.7 Sco 6 Sep 2019 16h19m04.17s -22 49.257' 2.840 2.763 8.9 84.0 36.17 107.2 Sco Pallada (2) 1 Sep 2019 14h34m52.72s +12 45.734' 2.881 3.285 10.0 58.1 50.20 115.1 Boo 6 Sep 2019 14h41m10.57s +12 03.524' 2.893 3.342 10.0 55.5 51.24 114.1 Boo Vesta (4) 1 Sep 2019 3h40m46.92s +11 13.920' 2.507 2.089 7.7 102.3 23.04 90.6 Tau 6 Sep 2019 3h43m37.96s +11 12.304' 2.510 2.031 7.6 106.4 18.87 94.2 Tau Metida (9) 1 Sep 2019 2h30m06.38s + 7 51.602' 2.217 1.532 10.0 120.1 14.64 82.4 Cet 6 Sep 2019 2h31m42.47s + 7 53.982' 2.211 1.478 9.9 124.5 9.20 87.3 Cet Evnomiya (15) 1 Sep 2019 21h00m09.49s - 5 57.788' 2.372 1.416 8.5 155.4 29.78 267.9 Aqr 6 Sep 2019 20h56m27.36s - 6 00.218' 2.363 1.435 8.6 150.1 25.35 267.0 Aqr Amfitrita (29) 1 Sep 2019 1h34m51.90s +11 53.776' 2.430 1.639 9.7 131.7 8.45 314.6 Psc 6 Sep 2019 1h33m41.52s +12 03.912' 2.427 1.593 9.6 136.7 11.98 290.4 Psc Laetitia (39) 1 Sep 2019 21h27m56.46s -11 57.780' 2.516 1.536 9.6 162.3 31.67 228.9 Cap 6 Sep 2019 21h24m53.19s -12 38.362' 2.513 1.555 9.7 156.6 28.60 226.5 Aqr a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2019 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii sentyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
02 sentyabrya, 10 chasov 00 minut - Mars v soedinenii s Solncem.
03 sentyabrya, 16 chasov 00 minut - Merkurii prohodit v 0,6 gr. severnee Marsa.
04 sentyabrya, 02 chasa 00 minut - Merkurii v verhnem soedinenii s Solncem.
05 sentyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, sumerki - Vozmozhnost' poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov.
06 sentyabrya, 03 chasa 10 minut - Luna v faze pervoi chetverti.
07 sentyabrya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Andromedy bliz maksimuma bleska (6m).
08 sentyabrya, 17 chasov 35 minut - Luna (F= 0,75+) v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 5 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 5 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 5 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N9 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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